职称英语 短文翻译参考译文
职称英语综合类补全短文第四篇The First Four Minute逐句翻译
The First Four Minutes最初四分钟When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?人们什么时候决定他们是否愿意成为朋友？During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, “Contact：The first four minutes" he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships：“Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.(1) A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that. ”按列奥纳多?祖尼博士的书中所说是在他们相处的最初四分钟。
在他的书《接触：最初四分钟》里，他向所有对开始新的友谊感兴趣的人们提出了这样的建议：“每次你在社交场合遇到什么人时，全神贯注地注意他四分钟。
如果这样做了的话，他们的生活就会完全不同。
”；You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. 你可能已经注意到了，一般人都不会全神贯注地注意一个他刚认识的人。
(2) He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more.他不停地往其他人身后看，好像要在屋里其他地方找到更趣的人似的。
职称英语考试中的常见篇章及翻译
Sta ge FrightFall down as you come onstage. That’s an oddtrick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he wasa teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich trippedhim purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsmansaid, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”Today, music schools are addressing the problem ofanxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and careerpreparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn tofight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart,blank mind.3Teachers and psychologists offer wide-rangingadvice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mentaldiscipline, such as visualizi ng a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’tdeny that you’re jittery，they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamicplaying. And play in public often, simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests somestrategies f or the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominalbreaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,’’ she says. “And not one of these‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in theaudience, people you would communicate with andm ake music to, and make eyecontact with them.” She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as ajudge.Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often atthe root of stage fright，says Dorothy Delay, awell-known violin teacher. She tells otherteachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist ofthe Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There weretimes when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chestresponding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where Ithought,‘ If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to lookfor another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developinghumility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert wasnot a disaster.6It is not only young artists who suffer, ofcourse. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The greattenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,”Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.Actually，success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career,when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have anyexpectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, whenyou’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations.You have a lot to lose.”Anderson added，“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”如何避免怯场上台就跌倒。
职称英语A补全短文教材原题与译文
第十二篇The Enemy WithinAllergy has become more and more common over the last 30 years. Now one-third of us are affected by allergy at some point in our lives and half of these sufferers are children. In the UK, three million people suffer from asthma, and five per cent of children suffer from food allergy.Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system has a strange and unnecessary reaction to a substance which is normally harmless, such as pollen or peanuts. ____1____ To defend your body against an attacker, the immune system remembers these dangerous micro-organisms and attacks them if it meets them again. This work is done by antibodies. The immune system in allergy sufferers makes antibodies against harmless substances, because it mistakenly believes them to be dangerous.An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meets an allergen (the substance causing the reaction, such as pollen, milk or strawberries). Sometimes people can eat nuts for years and then suddenly become allergic to them. What has happened is that the immune system has now decided the substance is dangerous and has made an allergy antibody. This antibody then attaches itself to cells, which contain histamine. ____2____ As they do that, the surface of the cells is broken, and histamine is released. The histamine and other chemicals inflame the tissues. This leads to the symptoms of allergy, such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, sore eyes and breathlessness. Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction of all and is most often triggered by wasp or bee stings or peanuts. This must be treated immediately.____3____ Some people are born with the ability to make lots of allergy antibodies, and they are more likely to develop allergies and allergic disorders such as hay fever and asthma.____4____ We eat more processed foods, with a wide range of additives and colourings; more and more people have central heating and double glazing, making our houses warmer and less draughty-an ideal environment to breed the house dust mite.There may also be a link between allergies and antibiotics. At one time our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease and trying to win the battle for health, but antibiotics have reduced the amount of work our immune systems have to do. Now experts think they may direct spare energy to harmless substances such as strawberries. ____5____A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure for allergies. Sufferers may be given medicine to control symptoms, and they may also be offered tests to find out what substances trigger an allergic reaction so that they can avoid contact with these in future.词汇：allergy n. 过敏，过敏症sufferer n. 患者，受害者asthma n. 哮喘substance n. 物质pollen n. 花粉micro-organism n. 微生物antibodies n. antibody的复数形式，意为抗体allergen n. 过敏源nut n. 坚果histamine n. 组织胺，组胺tissue n. 人体组织symptom n. 病症，征兆rash n. 疱疹sneezing n. 打喷嚏breathlessness n. 呼吸急促，气喘吁吁anaphylaxis n. 全身性过敏反应，过敏反应wasp n. 黄蜂sting n. 蟄，咬hayfever n. 枯草热，花粉病additives n. 添加剂，食品添加剂cure n. 治疗，解药注释：1．suffer from...忍受^的折磨2．be devoted to sth. ...全身心投入于^练习：A The immune system is there to protect the body against outside attackers, including viruses, bacteria and parasites.B In other words our immune systems have become over-sensitive.C Allergies run in families.D International differences have been associated with the number of individuals within a population have allergy.E When the antibodies meet the allergen the next time, they attempt to destroy it.F Experts believe more people have developed allergies because of changes in our lifestyle which have exposed us to more allergens.答案与题解：1．A 该是对机体免疫系统功能的介绍，而文中对免疫系统的首次提及是在该选项的上一句话，即描述过敏反应是免疫系统的活动，该选项故而可被视为是对上一句话的补充与说明。
职称英语 翻译汇总
第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles福特放弃电动汽车分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽年的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。
通用汽车公司和日本本田汽车公司早于1999年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更有吸引力。
福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。
3年前，福特推出名为Think City的双排座汽车和Think或Think Neighbor系列高尔夫车，希望能销售5000辆汽车、10000高尔夫车。
但由于需求不足，截至2002年仅生产了大约1000辆汽车，售出的高尔夫车还不足1700辆。
“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的Tim Holmes于周五说，“我们感觉自己对电力车已做了昀好的尝试。
”Think City系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。
通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运行100英里。
昂贵的电池也意味着电动汽车的造价比汽油动力车高出许多。
日本丰田产的RAV4EV系列电动车在美国的售价达42000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17000美元。
丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两大电动车制造商。
“应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。
福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我们应据此评价他们的发展。
”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth 组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对《环保新闻》评论说。
日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。
混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。
福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。
不过，这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放物现在还不十分清楚。
六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。
职称英语考试英译汉
一. An Introduction to Distillation蒸馏概述1. Petroleum refining is the separation of petroleum into fractions and the subsequent treating of these fractions to make them into petroleum products. Most petroleum products, including kerosenes, fuel oils, lubricating oils, and waxes, are fractions of petroleum that have been treated to remove undesirable components. Other products, for example, gasolines, aromatic solvents, and even some asphalts, are totally or partly synthetic in that they have compositions that are impossible to achieve by direct separation of these materials from crude petroleum. They result from chemical processes that change the molecular nature of selected portions of crude petroleum; in other words, they are the products of refining or they are refined products. 1．石油炼制即将石油分离成各种馏分，然后将这些馏分经过处理，制成各种石油产品。
职称英语翻译
梦想是什么？几个世纪以来，人们对他们的梦想的奇怪的事情。
一些心理学家说，这种夜间活动的想法没有特殊意义。
其他人，然而，认为梦是我们生活的重要组成部分。
事实上，许多专家认为，梦可以告诉我们对一个人的思想和感情。
近代以前，很多人认为梦包含来自上帝的信息。
这是只有在第二十世纪，人们开始研究的一种科学方法的梦想。
奥地利心理学家弗洛依德，西格蒙德，大概是为了研究梦的第一人科学。
在他最著名的书，梦的解析（1900），佛洛伊德写道，梦想一个人的意愿表达。
他认为，梦表达人们的感情，的思想，和恐惧，他们害怕在现实生活中的表达。
瑞士心理学家卡尔jung2也曾经是一名佛洛伊德。
荣，然而，有不同的知道梦想。
荣格认为，梦的目的是传达讯息给梦想家。
他认为，人们可以通过他们的梦想更多了解自己学习。
为例如，人梦想下降可以了解到他们有过高的自己的意见。
另一方面，那些梦想成为英雄可以学习，他们认为太少自己。
现代心理学家继续发展有关梦的理论。
例如，心理学家威廉Domhoff来自加利福尼亚大学，圣克鲁斯，认为梦是紧一个人的生活，思想和行为联系在一起。
犯罪，例如，可能的梦想犯罪。
多姆霍夫认为，有梦想和年龄之间的连接。
他的研究表明，孩子不梦想像成年人一样。
根据多姆霍夫，做梦是一种心理技巧，需要时间发展。
他还发现，梦和性别之间的联系。
他的研究表明，男人的梦和女人不同。
例如，在男人的梦想的人往往是其他人，和梦中经常涉及的战斗。
这不是女人的梦想成真。
3多姆霍夫发现这种性别从11世界各地的文化中人们的梦想差，包括现代和传统的。
梦可以帮助我们了解自己吗？心理学家继续尝试回答这个问题以不同的方式。
然而，有一件事他们同意这种说法：如果你的梦想是什么可怕的事发生，你不应该恐慌。
梦想可能是有意义的，但这并不意味着一些可怕的将实际发生的事件。
记住，梦中的世界是不是真的很重要世界。
音乐的生物学人类使用音乐作为一个功能强大的表达方式。
它也可能在爱中发挥重要的作用。
职称英语考试翻译短文
一. Shopping Around the Web网上购物1. A Saturday afternoon in mid-December: not a good time to be hanging around San Francisco's Union Square, the city's premier shopping district. Hundreds of people laden with purchases battle along the pavements, search despairingly for scarce taxis or struggle to get through Macy's doors. It is enough to put anybody off shopping for life. 1. 在十二月中旬的周六下午，去旧金山的主要商业区联合广场逛街可不是件轻松的事。
成百上千的人带着大大小小的购物袋拥挤在人行道上，有的在拼命地寻找着出租车，有的在尽力地挤出莫西商场的门口。
这种经历足以让所有人从此对购物望而却步。
2. But wait: surely Christmas shopping in l999 was different? After all, this is close to Silicon Valley, the center of the Internet revolution and the new economy, the land of the tieless billionaires who bought all their presents online at midnight the day after Thanksgiving. Yet the crowds in Union Square last December were as bad as ever. They seemed oblivious of a large billboard advertisement above their heads for one of the Bay Area's many s, which flashed the message: "Say Goodbye to the Mall." And they paid no attention to the advertisement on many of their shopping bags that pointed a way out of their predicament: "Online Shopping. No Experience Needed." 2．但是且慢，1999年的圣诞购物应该有所不同吧？毕竟靠近网络革命和新经济的中心棗硅谷。
职称英语课文详细翻译英汉对照The Workers' Role in Management
至少， 劳动者应该被告知公司的政策决定。
普通 抱怨 在...中 普通 工人 缺乏 信息 政策 行动
Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workers’opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.
管理者们很少觉得应听取工人的意见或向他们的雇员解释公司的决定。
而且对公司有很大的利害关系，或许还能对公司的管理作出重大贡献。
重大 决定 深刻第 影响 家属
Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.
如果工厂倒闭，这一点就更加确定无疑了， 它可能会把成百上千的人推到失业的边缘。
应该 那么 扮演 举足轻重
Should workers, then play a stronger role in management?
那么，工人们应该在企业管理中发挥举足轻重的作用吗？
管理者在关闭工厂之前，应该征求工人们的意见， 因为工人们也许会提出一些建议
提升 生产效率 减小 或 许 愿 意 让步 运转
在1980年和1985年之间，有500万工人在没有被事先告知的情况下，成了工厂倒闭和永久性停工的牺牲品。
至少 通知 很 有 必 要 如此 调整
At least 90 days---notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.
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第三部分短文翻译参考译文
、级翻译
：科研方法不过是人类思维活动必要方式的表达，只是对一切现象进行推理并给予精确严谨解释的方式。
你们都多次听说过，科学家在工作中使用的是归纳法和演绎法。
在某种意义上说，他们借助于这些方法设法从自然界中找出某些大协作规律，并根据这些规律建立起自己的理论。
：创造性的思想不仅能产生出适合时代和环境要求而自身生存的因素，而且在环境改变的压力下，可以由新的形式取代旧的形式。
例如，民主作为一种思想起源于古希腊，并从那里传播至西欧和美洲。
但民主并没有保留古希腊的形式，而是经历了数次改革过程。
实质上民主是动态发展的，且根据不同地区需求而改变。
因此，民主政府在形式上各不相同。
：在雇员经常变换工作的新时代，劳务市场上的新成员可望每十年变换一个职业，变换工作的频率甚至更高。
这种遍及西方商界的劳动力的模式和流动形式，是一个新的发展趋势。
其部分原因在于中间管理层逐步取消，致使越来越多的式人自己负责个人的发展。
让工人承担自我发展的责任也许颇具戏剧性，但如今已成了准则。
：由于工业发展水平和获取食物及原料能力的不同，各国政府对于人口增长的态度也不相同。
在发展中国家，人口急剧膨胀对有限的食物、
空间和自然资源带来极大压力，因此，政府首先关注的是人口控制。
在高度工业化的国家里，由于人口减少会导致市场萎缩和失业，政府很可能更愿看到人口缓慢增长。
：谈判包括说服和妥协，但是为了参与其中任何一项活动，谈判者必须懂得如何在谈判的文化背景下说服对方和达成妥协，。
导致跨文化误解的两个突出特点是美国谈判者的直截了当和缺乏耐心。
他们经常打坚持实现短期目标。
外国的谈判者可能会珍视与对手建立的联系，愿意投入时间，获取长期利益。
：曾几何时，有人对计算机、未来和“无纸化办公”做过大胆的预测。
然而，实际情况明显反映出计算机不仅没有减少纸张数量，相反却使之增加。
目前由于高速打印机和复印机的出现，制作高质量纸张文档已变得极为容易。
尽管诸如电子邮件那样的不以纸张形式出现的文档数量还在迅猛增长，但人们对纸张的需求却并没有因此减少，因此，人们认为至少在不久的将来，在即将到来的几十年中，纸将继续在办公室中扮演重要角色。
：工作本身是复杂、有趣并具有挑战性的，但它并不局限于一个或几个生产线、市场、买方类型、市场管理技能或职能的专业化。
你必须获取多方面的商业活动的知识，理解国内外政府的法律、政策和规章，敏锐地洞穴国际贸易行为，至少要深刻理解商法的几个组成部分。
：如果生活中有一个导致成功的因素的话，那就是从挫折中吸取教训的能力。
据我所知，一切成功的取得，都是因为当事人能够分析挫折，并在下一次的事业中实际地得益于上次的挫折。
如果把挫折与失败混同。