初中英语语法梳理和提高——动词不定式讲解试题
初二英语语法不定式详解及习题
初二英语语法：动词不定式详解及习题一..不定式的构成：to+ 动词原形二不定式的特征：不定式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词，形容词，和副词的特征，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语。
宾语补足语，定语，和状语。
现将用法归纳如下。
（一）、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is…to…的句型(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
(错)It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和It's of sb.1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult,interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
（二）、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants to buy some vegetables.2. Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school.3. He found it very difficult ______.常接不定式作宾语的动词;want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。
广东中考英语专项--动词不定式语法讲解及练习(含答案)
广州中考英语专项-动词不定式不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。
1) 不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
【例如】To complete a building like that in one year was quite adifficult task.当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
【例如】It is important for modern young people to master at leasttwo foreign languages.It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：a)It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient,unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式【例如】It is essential to reserve a table in advance of ChristmasEve.It is hard to put my hopes into words.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.b)It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one's duty, anhonor, a shame,a crime, no easy job...)＋不定式It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.It is a pity to have to go without her.It is a glorious death to die for the people.c)It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time,patience...)＋不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.2)不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
初中英语语法梳理和提高(含经典例题带解析、附练习题带答案)
初中英语语法梳理和提高名 词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。
第一个字母必须大写。
专有名词前一般不加冠词。
2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。
3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且以四上也有了变化。
eg. beer ----a beer 一杯啤酒， work--- a work 工厂，着作，glass---a glass 一个玻璃杯， room 空间---a room 一个房间 二、名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。
1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 “a 或an”；复数形式是在名词后加 “-s 或-es”。
名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化①改变单数名词中的元音字母eg. man--men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese, mouse--mice②单复数同形eg. Chinese-Chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep,…③由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数eg. a man doctor— men doctors, a woman teacher--women teachers注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数,实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数). eg. maths, phyiscs, politics, news3. 不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词。
中考英语专题讲练： 动词不定式(含解析)语法专项练习
动词不定式非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语, 但保留动词的某些特征（如有自己的宾语或状语等）的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化, 但要遵循基本的时态语态规则, 在句中充当各种成分。
一、动词不定式基本构成形式 结构 例句肯定形式to+动词原形The teacher asked his students to finish their homeworkon time.老师让学生们按时完成作业。
否定形式 not to+动词原形Aunt Li often tells her son not to eat too much sugar. 李阿姨经告诫她的儿子不要吃太多的糖。
被动形式 to+be+过去分词He would like to be treated as a child. 他喜欢被当成孩子般看待。
注意: 动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear 等）或使役动词（make, let, have 等）的后面, 做宾补时, 通常会省略to, 如:动词不定式知识精讲The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.这个老板让我一天工作十个小时。
二、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
1.不定式作主语1).动词不定式短语作句子主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，如：To make work more efficient is our goal.让工作更有效率是我们的目标。
2).不定式短语作主语时, 为了考虑句子的平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将真正的不定式主语放在句子后面, 结构为: It+is/ was+adj.(+for sb.)+动词不定式, 如上一句话也可写成:It’s our goal to make work efficient.我们的目标是让工作更有效率。
初中英语动词不定式用法梳理及练习题
初中英语动词不定式用法动词不定式是由“不定式符号动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。
一、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。
动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。
如：1. I t .2 .3 .4 .(眼见为实；百闻不如一见)二、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
如：1 .2 .三、用作宾语1.可以接带的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(, , )，期望决定学习(, , , )，宁可假装知道(, , )，希望想要愿意(, , / )。
如：1) .2) .3) Mexico.2.动词, , , , , ...，介词结构...可用疑问词带的不定式短语作宾语，但后面的不定式不带。
如：1)2) .3.动词, , , 等后面，可以用作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是 / / / ... . / ...。
如：I .4.既可接动词不定式又可接形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有, , , 等。
一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，形式表习惯性的连续动作。
但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。
如：1) I .2) I .用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。
3) I .感知动词, , 等一般不用进行时态。
5.后接动词不定式或形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有, 等。
后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。
初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习
初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习语法：动词不定式动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
一、构成：to do .否定式not to do二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done完成进行式to have been doing三、动词不定式在句子中的成分1、作句子的主语：现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置。
比较下列句子To learn from your friends is important.=It is important to learn from your friends .To leave without saying goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without sayinggoodbye.To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing.=It is a pleasant thing to chat with MissWhite.To walk to school takes me ten minutes.=It takes me ten minutes to walk to school.句型总结在以某些表示人的品质、sb. is are +adj. +to do…It is + adj. + of sb. to do…=特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。
初中英语动词不定式练习题及解析
初中英语动词不定式练习题及解析1. 阅读理解> Passage:Passage:>c) to joind) joininge) to improvef) improveg) to achieveh) achieving解析：- 第二空应选 c) to join。
根据句子结构“He hopes + tojoin/joining” 可知应选 c) to join。
to join 是不定式形式，表示希望加入某个篮球队。
- 第三空应选 e) to improve。
根据句子结构“always encourage + to improve/improve” 可知应选 e) to improve。
to improve 是不定式形式，表示鼓励提高某人的技能。
- 第四空应选 g) to achieve。
根据句子结构“help him + to achieve/achieving” 可知应选 g) to achieve。
to achieve 是不定式形式，表示帮助实现某人的目标。
2. 句子转换Change the sentences below by rewriting the underlined phrases using the verb in brackets:> Example:Example:>> Tom wants to visit his grandparents. (see)>> Tom wants [to see] his grandparents.b) We plan to go camping next weekend. (do)c) He hopes to find a new job after graduation. (get)d) They decided to buy a new car for their family. (purchase) 解析：b) We plan [to do] camping next weekend.c) He hopes [to get] a new job after graduation.d) They decided [to purchase] a new car for their family.3. 完形填空> Passage:Passage:>a) to joinb) joiningc) to tryd) tryinge) aref) is解析：- 第一空应选 a) to join。
初中语法动词不定式讲解及习题
动词不定式动词不定式不能做谓语，一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
一、结构主动式：to+动词原形；否定形式：not to+动词原形被动式：to be+动词的过去分词二、用法1、作主语动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(1)常用it作形式主语；真正的主语：“动词不定式”①It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为necessary，important等)It is easy for us to learn English.②It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为人的品质，clever，good，kind等)“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.③It＋be＋名词＋to do sth.It's our duty to take good care of the old.④It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do sth.It seemed impossible to save money.(2)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(3)带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.2、作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意：不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
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初中英语语法梳理和提高——动词不定式讲解试题动词不定式不定式：to + 动词原形知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！动词不定式的基本形式是"to + 动词原形"，有时可以不带to。
动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：句法作用例句作宾语She wanted to borrowed my radio.They began to read and write.作状语She went to see her grandma lastSunday .He came to give us a talk yesterday.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio. She asked me to speak more loudly Jim told Ling Feng to go home at once . The father made his son study hard.作定语Have you got anything to say?I had something to eat this morning .作主语To learn a foreign language is noteasy.注：作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。
例如： It is not easy to learn a foreign language.It took us three days to do the work.动词不定式的否定形式由"not+动词不定式"构成. 如:Tell him not to be late.The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see，watch，look at，hear， listen to，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语不足语），不定式应省去to。
但是在被动语态中不能省。
如：Let me listen to you sing the song.He watched his son play computer games.I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to work the whole night.5) 动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。
如：The question is when to start.I don't know where to go .He showed me how to use a computer.What to do is a big problem.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！翻译下列句子，说出句中不定式的作用：1. To grow plants is very important.2. It is so nice to hear your voice.3. My dream is to be a pilot.4. He began to read and write at the age of five.5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.6. Tom came to see me last night.7. I am glad to see you.8.Have you got anything to say?9.There are many places to see in China.10.I asked him not to open the window.11. I don't know what to buy for you.12. I saw him dance.13. He often helps me clean the room.14. They are too shy to speak English.15. He was lucky enough to find his watch.16. I want you to go there together with me.解析：1、To grow plants做主语；2、to hear your voice做主语；3、to be a pilot作表语；4、to read and write作宾语；5、to speak more loudly作宾语补足语；6、to see me作状语；7、to see you作状语；8、to say作定语；9、to see作定语；10、not to open the window作宾语补足语；11、what to buy作宾语；12、dance作宾语补足语（省略to）；13、clean the room作宾语补足语（省略to）；14、to speak English作状语；15、to find his watch作状语；16、to go there together with me作宾语补足语。
练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！选择最佳答案填空：1. Tell him ______ the light.A. to turnB. not to turn onC. to not turnD. not to turn2. It took us more than two hours _______ the dinner.A. prepareB. preparingC. to prepareD. to be prepared3. We felt the earth _______.A. moveB. moveingC. to moveD. be moved4. The students were made ______ the text ten times.A. readB. readingC. to readD. to be read5. The chair looks rather hard _______, but in fact it is very comfortable.A. to sitB. to sit onC. sittingD. sit6. Nobody knows __________next.A. what to doB. to do whatC. which to doD. how to do7. It is very important ______ us ________these words.A. to, to rememberB. for, to rememberC. for, rememberD. for, remembering8. _______ English well, one must have a lot practice.A. For speakingB. SpeakingC. To speakD. Speak9. I'm going to the library ______ the books.A. returnB. borrowC. to returnD. to lend10. We went to town _________ some shopping.A. doingB. didC. to makeD. to do11. The funny story _______ me laugh.A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. made12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _________.A. stop to have a restB. to stop having a restC. to stop to have a restD. stopping to have a rest13. It is very kind _______ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _____me to do all the work.A. of, forB. for, ofC. of, toD. to, for14. Many people think it very difficult _______ English.A. to sayB. to learnC. speakD. for speaking15. The teacher asked the students __________ her _______ the word again.A. listen to; to readB. to hear; sayC. to listen to; speakD. to listen to; pronounce16.Remember ______ the book here tomorrow.A. bringB. to bringC. takeD. to take17. ---Let's have a rest, shall we?--- Not now. I don't want to stop _______ the letter yet.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. and write18. ---This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me __________, Wang Lin? --- Sure.A. what to work it outB. what to work out itC. how to work it outD. how to work out it19.--- How can I improve my spoken English?--- You have to practise ______ as much as you can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak20. --- How about going hiking this weekend?--- Sorry. I prefer _______ rather than _______.A. to stay at home, go outB. to go out, stay at homeC. staying at home, go outD. going out, stay at home1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBA。