中考英语短语词义辨析专项讲解

中考英语短语词义辨析专项讲解

一、考点分析

短语词义辨析在中考和一模二模中所占的分值不多，通常会在选择题中出现一到二小题，分值为2-4分，但是词义辨析在完形填空中也会偶尔出现，属于必须掌握的基础知识点。

二、专题详解

1. 区别 look, see, watch, notice，read

look 看；因想看而投注目光，不管结果如何指看的动作，后不能接名词应 look at + n

see 看到，看见；强调看的结果 see sb do sth 看见某人做某事的全过程 see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事

watch 看，观看；特别留意，感兴趣地看运动着的东西 watch sb do sth看见某人做某事的全过程 watch sb doing sth

看见某人正在做某事

watch TV/ films/ football match/ basketball match/ show

notice 看到，注意到，觉察到，偶尔看到细小但可能是重要的东西 read 主要强调“读，阅读，朗读”多指读书，看报，信，杂志

有关look的短语

look after = take care of 照顾，照看

have a look = take a look 看一看have a look at +n = take a look at+ n 看一看某物

look up 查阅资料，字典 look down on/ upon 看不起，轻视

look for 寻找（着重寻找的过程）look out of…从…向外看

look out at sth 向外看某物 look into 调查

look over 检查 look up and down 上下打量

look up 向上看look down 向下看

2. thank

thank you / thanks for + n / v-ing 因…而感谢，

thanks to...由于，多亏

thanks to one's help=because of one's help 由于某人的帮忙

thanks for one's help 谢谢某人的帮助

3.alone，lonely

alone adj 独自一人（无感情色彩，只是陈述事实）在句中只做表语

lonely adj 孤独的，寂寞的（形容人感到孤独寂寞，带有感情色彩）

4. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，a pleasant trip

pleased和 pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物

pleasure n 愉快，快乐，高兴

be pleased with sb /sth 对某人、事感到欣喜的，满意的

be pleased to do sth 乐意做某事it’s one’s pleasure to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸5.stop，forget，remember

stop to do sth 意为“停下（正在做的事情）去做其他的事”

stop doing sth 意为“停止（正在）做的事情”

forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事

forget doing sth 忘记已经做过的事

remember to do sth 记得要去做某事

remember doing sth 记得已经做过的事

go on doing sth = keep on doing sth = carry on doing sth 继续做某事（同一件事）go on to do sth 接着干别的事

6.make

make A out of B 用B制造A

make sth for sb 为某人制造某物

do sth for sb为某人做某事

be made of sth 由…制造（看得出原材料）

be made from sth由…制造（看不出原材料）

be made by sb 由某人制造

7.say，speak，talk，tell

say 强调说的具体内容 eg .can you say the story in English ?

speak 指说话的能力，后经常跟语言的种类 eg. Can you speak English ?

tell 告诉，讲诉

tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关有事 tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事

talk 交谈，谈话

talk with sb 与某人交谈 talk to sb 给某人说（侧重于一方说，别一方在听）talk about sth 谈论某事

8.pay，spend，cost，take

.sb pay + 金钱 + for sth 某人为…付…钱

Sb spend + 时间/ 金钱 + on sth Sb spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth

Sth cost sb 金钱主语是物

It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth

9.instead，instead of

instead adv 代替单独使用，放于句首或句末

instead of + n/ pron/v-ing 介词短语意为“代替…而不是…”放于句中

10..would like to do sth = want to do sth=feel like doing 想要做某事

Would like sb to do sth = want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事