2020高考英语三模前任务型阅读专题练01(学生版)三年真题研读专练

三模前任务型阅读专题练01题组一Social anxiety is a type of anxiety problem. People with social anxiety can usually interact easily with family and a few close friends. Instead of enjoying social activities, they might fear them and avoid some of them altogether. Like other anxieties, it is a fear reaction to something that isn’t actually dangerous, although the body and mind react as if the danger is real. Because the physical sensations that go with the response are real and sometimes quite strong the danger seems rea l. With social anxiety, a person’s fears and concerns are focused on the social performance whether it’s a major class presentation or small talk at the lockers. People tend to feel embarrassed and uncomfortable about being noticed or judged by others.Social anxiety might prevent someone from chatting with friends in the lunchroom, joining an after-school club, going to a party, or asking someone on a date. It might keep a person from volunteering an answer in class, reading aloud, or giving a presentation. It might prevent someone from acting the school play, being in the talent show, trying out for a team, or joining in a service project. It also prevents them from making the normal, everyday mistakes that help people improve their skills still further.Social anxiety develops because the genetic features from parents and other relatives can influence how the brain senses and controls anxiety, shyness, nervousness, and stress reactions. Meanwhile, some people are born with a shy character and tend to be ca utious and sensitive in new situations and prefer what’s familiar. Naturally a person’s shy character can be influenced by what he or she learns from role models. If parents or others react by overprotecting a child who is shy, the child won’t have a chanc e to get used to new situations and new people. If people born with a cautious nature have stressful experiences, social anxiety can make them even more cautious and shy. Feeling pressured to interact in ways they don’t feel ready for, being criticized or insulted, or having other fears and worries can make it more likely for a shy or fearful person to develop social anxiety.Sometimes, but not always, medicines that reduce anxiety are used as part of the treatment. Family or friends are especially important and the right support from a few key people can help those with social anxiety gather the courage to go outside their comfort zone and try something new. Dealing with social anxiety takes patience, courage to face fears and try new things, and the willingness to practice.题组二A great many parents send their children to pre-schools-educational programs for children under the age of five. It has been said that this is the time period when the brain does over fifty percent of its growing. This could mean that the learning process should be introduced during these years.However, the views that different societies hold regarding the purpose of early childhood education are not same. Whereas Chinese parents tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically, parents in the United States regard the primary purpose of preschools as making children more independent and self-reliant.Preschools can operate under a guiding philosophy of play-based or academic learning. Play-based programs are guided by the cent ral belief that children learn best through play. Play is thought to build children’s interest and love of learning. Academic programs emphasize reading, math and science, and use structured, teacher-directed activities to promote foundational skills in these areas. In the United States, the best-known program designed to promotefuture academic success is Head Start. The program, which stresses parental involvement, was designed to serve the “whole child”, including children’s physical health, self-confidence, social responsibility, and social and emotional development.A recent evaluation suggests that preschoolers who participate in Head Start are less likely to repeat grades, and more likely to complete school in future. Furthermore, graduates of Head Start programs show higher academic performance at the end of high school, although the gains are modest. In addition, results from other types of preschool readiness programs indicate that for every dollar spent on the program, taxpayers saved seven dollars by the time the graduates reached the age of 27.Not everyone agrees that programs that seek to enhance academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing. In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure at a young age. Elkind argues that academic success is largely dependent upon factors such as inherited abilities and a child’s rate of maturation, which parents can do nothing about. Consequently, children of a particular age cannot be expected to master educational material without taking into account their current level of cognitive development. In short, children require development appropriate educational practice, which is education that is based on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.Early Childhood EducationReasons for attending preschools ◆The(71) ▲ of the brain matures under the age of five.◆Parents’ expectations of preschools(72) ▲ greatly.(73) ▲ ofpreschools ◆Some programs(74) ▲ on play activities while others on academic activities.◆Parents are(75) ▲ in some preschool programs.Benefits of attending preschools ◆Graduates are better(76) ▲ for future schooling.◆Graduates may achieve higher grades at high school.◆It can be(77) ▲ for households in the long term.(78) ▲ aboutpreschools ◆Children feel pressured at a young age.◆Factors determining academic success are(79) ▲ parents’ con trol.◆Early childhood education must be(80) ▲ with children’s development and characteristics.题组三Communication PrinciplesHow you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate. “Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”. Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them. But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication. A student, for instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment: “I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions.and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.” The teacher might say the opposite. Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong.The concept of serf originates in communication. Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others. You establish self-image. The sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of you. Positive, negative, and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are. Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process. Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people. In a more obvious way, communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. So, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self.Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life. If you are not communicating with yourself(thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior. Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions. A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message. A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you. A third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently)and you believe that he is attracted to you. We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement. You may have made a joke out of your rude statement. Nonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind. You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others. Communication cannot be reversed(倒退), nor can it be repeated. When you tried to re—create the atmosphere, the conversation, and the setting, nothing seemedright. Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.。