高三虚拟语气经典讲解
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解10---虚拟语气(解析版)
引导的让步和方式状语从 as if/though
He looks as if he were an artist.
句
He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
in order that, so that, in case, for fear that
提前，即 故填 were/should/had
Were/Should/Had I..., Were
4. have fallen 解析：句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的 最高值降下来。从句“Had...not worked together”是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用 wouldn't have done.
necessary, natural, strange, important,
等 用 于 句 型 surprising, vital
“It
中， 引导的主语从 is+adj.+that...” that
句中谓语动词常用“（should)do”形式
It is necessary that he(should)sort out the information for my reference.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解 专题十 虚拟语气
一．虚拟语气在 if 非真实条件句中的应用
虚拟条件从句(if)
主句
与现在事实相反的 主语+did/were
假设
与过去事实相反的 主语+had done
假设
与将来事实相反的 主语+ 1.did/were
假设
2.should do
高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲
高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲虚拟语气定义：用来表示说的话不是事实或不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，假设的语气考点一、状语从句中的虚拟语气（一）虚拟条件句中的时态呼应例句①If it should rain tomorrow, they_______（go）for an outing.②If we_______（have）three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.③If I_______（take）your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.④If he had been there, it_______（not happen）.⑤Mary is ill today. If she were not ill, she_______（come）to school today.⑥I hadn’t studied hard so I_______（go）to Peking University. If I had gone to Peking University, I_______（work）in a big city.（二）虚拟语气倒装（三）含蓄虚拟条件句Sb did sth, if so/if not/ without/but for sth/doing和otherwise/or, SB would do/SB would have done , 例句：①She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise（if she had felt well），she _______ (notleave) the meeting so early.②But for your help（if you hadn’t helped me）,I_______ (not finish) the work.③Without sunlight （if there were no sunlight）, people’s life_______ (be) different from today.（四）as if状语/表语从句例句：①They talked as if they _______ (be)friends for years.②It seems as if it_______ (be) spring.考点二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气（一）宾语从句中的虚拟语气（1）表示要求，命令，建议的宾语从句一个坚持, insist两个命令, order, command四个建议, advise, suggest, propose,recommend五个要求, demand , require, request, desire, urge句式：sb suggest that sb (should) do例句：①The king ordered that the prisoners_______（kill）the next day.②They requested that we_______ (send) them to work there.③He insisted that I_______ (be) present.④We suggested that Tom_______（have）a rest.（2）表示“愿望”例句:①I would rather you_______ (return) the book yesterday.②I would rather you_______ (post) the letter right away.③If only I_______（can）see him again!④If only we_______（follow）your advice!⑤We wish our parents_______ (not punish) us.⑥I wish I （be）a bird.（现在）⑦I wish I (make) such a mistake.（二）主语从句中的虚拟语气（1）It is suggested, requested, ordered,proposed, demanded, advised, requreed that sb (should) do…例句：①It’s suggested that the plan_______ (carry)out.②It’s suggested that everybody_______ (buy)a dictionary.③It’s required that nobody_______ (smoke)here.（2）It’s necessary /strange/important /natural that sb should do……例句：①It is strange that she_______ (refuse)to come to the party.②It is important that we_______ ( master) a foreign language.（3）It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder that sb (should) do…例句：①It is a shame that little children_______（have）to beg in the street.②It is no wonder that she_______（not write）to you.（三）表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气suggestion, proposal, requirement, order, advice , decision that sb should do ……suggestion, proposal, requirement, order, advice , decision is that sb should do ……例句：①My demand is that she_______（come）to see me once a week.②All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory_______（close）down.③He gave advice that they_______（help）each other.④My suggestion is that we_______（leave）at once.考点三、特殊句式的虚拟语气（一）例句:①It’s time that we_______（go）to bed.②It’s time that we_______（go）to bed.（二）should/could/need have done … but didn’t … 翻译“ ” 例句：①There was plenty of time. She_______（not hurry）.②You_______（not be）late for yesterday’s class meeting as it was so important.（三）I （intend）to go to Tom’s birthday party, but I was not invited.。
（完整版）高中虚拟语气用法详解
（完整版）⾼中虚拟语⽓⽤法详解⼀、什么是虚拟语⽓虚拟语⽓是⼀种动词形式，表⽰说话⼈的⼀种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语⽓所表⽰的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带⾛他们。
(不可能是你，所以这是不存在的事实，所以⽤虚拟语⽓)If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom ，我就告诉他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个⼩组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那⼉。
⼆、虚拟语⽓的⽤法虚拟语⽓在⼀般⽤于简单句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，壮语从句以及同位于从句。
(下⾯我们分别看⼀下)1) 虚拟语⽓⽤在简单句中，表⽰祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out ！你出去！2) 虚拟语⽓⽤在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command 等动词后的宾语从句中，要⽤虚拟语⽓，表⽰建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+ 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解
虚拟语气（1）——倒推时态类定义：虚拟语气是一种动词形式，有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（非真实条件状从和让步状从）2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议（名词性从句：主宾表同）使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿（与事实相反或不太可能实现）（如果我是宇航员，我要在月球上跳舞）2.用来缓和语气，使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体（如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激）3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪（你要是能考上大学，全家都烧高香了）4.表示适度的责备或批评（如果你那时更耐心点，现在我们都成功了）5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福（祝你成功）1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气（错综时间条件句）定义：条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议，现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话，我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话，你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，并将were,should,had提前于句首，变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句，not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义：有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类：1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ；without；Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助，我们不可能完成任务。
高中虚拟语气讲解
虚拟语气一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1).表达与现在的事实相反的假设或想象：条件从句主句If + 主语+ 过去式，主语+ should/would + 动词原形If + 主语+ were，主语+ would/should + 动词原形(其中，should用于第一人称，would可用于各个人称。
)If I had enough money, I should/would buy a camera.If I were rich, I would help the poor.(2).表达与过去事实相反的假设或想象：条件从句主句If + 主语+ had + 过去分词，主语+ should/would have + 过去分词If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car.（= I didn’t have enough money, so I didn’t buy it.）If it had not rained yesterday, we should have gone fishing.(3)表达与将来事实相反的假设或想象，有三种形式：①条件从句主句If +主语+ should + 动词原形，主语+ should/would + 动词原形(表示可能性极小“万一”)If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go.注意：if从句的动词形式不分人称与数，一律用“should+动词原形”②条件从句主句If +主语+ were to + 动词原形，主语+ should/would +动词原形If I were to go abroad, I would go to America. 倘若我要出国，我就到美国。
③条件从句主句If +主语+动词过去式，主语+ should/would +动词原形If he went to the party, he would be disappointed.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
高中虚拟语气用法解析
高中虚拟语气用法解析（完整版）一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用非真实条件句：if引导的条件状语从句，但是实现该条件的可能性极小或不可能实现1.表示与过去事实相反Eg.If my car had been more reliable,I would have driven to my office.2.表示与现在事实相反Eg.In fact,it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.3.表示与将来事实相反Eg.If you succeed,everything would be all right.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there,she wouldn't be able to see her parents.4.注意事项(1)W as不可以替代were，虚拟语气中，从句中be动词只有were(2)错综时间条件句：条件句的行为和主句行为发生的时间不一致，动词的形式按照主句和从句各自的时间调整。
Eg.If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now. If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.(3)虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were/ should /had 时，if可省略，而将were/ should /had 置于主语前面Eg.What would have happened had Bob walked farther as far as the river bank?Should he agree to go there, we should send him there. Were it Sunday tomorrow, we should go to the great wall.两个固定搭配：①Were it not for 要不是...就②Had it not been for 要不是...就If it were not for （Were it not for）the bad weather now, we would go to the park to fly kites.If it had not been for（Had it not been for） the bad weather yesterday, we would have gone to the park to fly kites. （4）含蓄虚拟条件句：有时假设的情况不是以if条件句来表示。
高三英语语法讲解----虚拟语气
（1）表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑 等，假设是不可能或者不大可能发生或实现的；
（2）表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等
02 related concept
虚拟语气的基本用法：
if条件句中的虚拟语气：
虚拟语气的基本用法：
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，谓语动词含有had、were、should时， 可以把if省略，将had、were、should、could提到句首，变成倒装句。 If I were in your position，I would do the same. →Were I in your position，I would do the same. 假如我处在你的位置，我也会这样干的。 If you had come earlier，you would have caught the bus. →Had you cght the bus. 如果你来得早些，你就会赶上公共汽车了。 If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山了。
If从句
与现在相反
did（be用were)
与过去相反 与将来相反
had +done
did（be用were) were to+ do should +do
主句
would /should /could / might
+do
would /should /could / might ＋have + done
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、 命令、请求、提议等，其谓语形式往往为 “ （ should）+ 动 词 原 形 ” 的 形 式 。 在 美 国，常省略should，而在英国，则往往不 省略should。
比如：
--It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled everyday. 机器必须天天上油。
1.1.1.和现在事实相反的非真实条件句
这类非真实条件句表示和现在事实相反的情况。比如： --I would/should certainly go if I had the time.
如果我有时间，我一定会去的。 --If I were your father, I would criticize you more
--I never expected that the problem should be so complicated.
我从未想到问题会如此复杂。
--They just couldn’t believe that the new stadium should be so big.
他们简直不能相信新的体育馆会如此大。
--The teacher insisted that all the students (should) be on time.
老师要求学生们准时到校。
--He suggested that the regulations (should) be revised. 他建议修改规则。
The lawyer asked that the case (should ) be postponed for one month. 律师要求案子往后推迟一个月。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2）would rather that -
a flood, what should we do?
Shoul there be
3. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。
1. 宾语从句。常见动词： 2. 一个坚持：insist 3. 两个命令：order, command 4. 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 5. 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask
A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he ____ me tomorrow, I would let himknow A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able
与现在事实相反
与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中 的动词形式一样。
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
1）wish + 宾语从句
现在： 过去： 未来：
过去时 (did/were)
过去完成时 (had done) would/could/might+V. should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在) • I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去) • We wish our parents wouldn’t p
B
1. If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now. 2. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t
2. _____more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。
• 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 • 他坚决要求我到场。 • 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 • 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest. He insisted that I (should) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.
+have done sth
现在
助动词 be用 were 实义动词 do 用 did
would should could might
+ do sth
将来
did / were should do were to do
would should + do sth could Might
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.
高三虚拟语气经典讲解
1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法； 5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。
二、虚拟语气的考点
时间 过去
1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
If 条件句
主句
had done
would should could might
A
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中含有
should，were， had 三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把if省略。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do?
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. • My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. • All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.