非谓语动词作补语讲解及练习
非谓语动词做宾补
翻译题
请将以下英文句子翻译成中文
He is said to have escaped from the prison.
答案
据说他已经从监狱逃跑了。
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总结与回顾
主要内容回顾
非谓语动词做宾补的定义和作 用。
非谓语动词做宾补的分类和用 法。
双宾语和复合宾语的构成和区 别。
非谓语动词做宾补的省略情况 。
与形容词的搭配
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不定式做宾补时表示动作的完成，具 有形容词的语法特征。
动名词做宾补时表示动作的完成，具 有形容词的语法特征。
分词做宾补时表示动作的完成，具有 形容词的语法特征。
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常见用法及例句
不定式的常见用法
表示将来的动作
不定式做宾补表示的动作会在谓语动作之 后发生，如“He is going to send an email to his boss, asking for a raise.” 中的“to send an email to his boss” 表示将来的动作。
要点二
表示工具或手段
介词短语做宾补表示的动作是通过某种工具或手段完成 的，如“He swims with a pair of flippers.”中的 “with a pair of flippers”表示工具或手段。
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练习与巩固
填空题
完成句子
He found his -ed in the corner of the room.
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表示动作的性质
动名词做宾补时，有时表示动作的性 质，即动作的特点或属性。
分词做宾补
现在分词做宾补
现在分词做宾补时，表示宾语正在进行的动作或状态。
(完整版)非谓语动词作宾补的练习题
分词作宾语补足语在历届高考中出现频率很高,是各省市高考命题的一大热点,因此正确掌握分词在句中的用法十分重要。
要想顺利解决分词作宾语补足语的问题,就要掌握以下思路:分词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时也有动词的特征。
过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成,在语态上侧重于被动;而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行,在语态上侧重于主动。
一、概念宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。
有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。
句型：及物动词+宾语（n./pron.）+ 宾语补足语（n./ adj./ adv./ to do/ -ing/ -ed/ 介词短语共7种表示法）可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词要会使用分词作补足语，必须记住哪些动词可以接分词充当补足语。
1. 感官动词feel，hear，listen to，see，watch，notice，observe，look at（一感二听五看）及find等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。
如：I saw him ___________(change )the wheel of his car.我看见他在换汽车轮子。
(意味着我看到了整个动作过程)I saw him ___________(change)the wheel of his car.我看见他换汽车轮子。
(可能意味着我只看到动作过程的一部分) I saw the wheel of his car_________( change) by a boy just now.I saw him__________ ( run) down the street. 我看见他沿着街跑。
I felt an ant_________ ( climb) over my leg. 我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。
(完整版)非谓语动词作宾语补足语讲解与练习(修订版)
非谓语动词作宾语补足语定义：宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当.如：The sun keeps us warm.We call her Jenny.They found him out.Make yourself at home.They wish you to go with them.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系.一、动词不定式作宾补。
1.V1 + sb. + to do sth.常用动词有：advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫，请bear 忍受beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿persuade (劝说）sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth温馨提示：1.advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语补足语，即构成doing sthadvise/ forbid/ allow/ permitsb to do sth2.fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。
非谓语作补语
此时不定式（短语）表示的动作发生在感觉动词 之前，事情的全部过程已经结束。例如：
a. Did you hear me sing a song last night? b. He saw a girl get on the bus.
其次还有几个使役动词 make, have，let 等。这 时宾补表示的动作发生在使役动词之后。
注意几种习惯用法： 1. see, watch, notice, look at, observe; hear, listen to; feel + sb ① + do 作宾补，表示事情全过程或一次性动作，该动作 已完成。表示一个事实。 ② + doing 作宾补，表示一个正在进行和发生的动作，尚 未结束。具有一定的描述性。 ③ + done作宾补，sb跟done 之间是被动关系 。 He saw a girl get on the bus. He saw a girl getting on the bus. He saw a thief caught by the police. 2. let / make sb do sth get sb to do / doing / done have sb do / doing / one 3. find / think / feel it + adj. + to do 结构 ask sb to do get sb to do
c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成 被动语态时，要把to加回，例如： a. I heard her sing yesterday. —- She was heard to sing yesterday by me. b. He made me laugh. —- I was made to laugh by himund the book very interesting.
非谓语动词作定语和宾语补足语
非谓语动词作定语一、-ing形式作定语-ing 形式在句中做定语时有两种情况。
1. -ing 形式和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系,表示这个名词(人或物)的动作或状态,相当于一个定语从句。
如:These dancing girls (= these girls who are dancing) are from my class.We should show respect for the working people (= the people who work).①表示现在(或当时)的状态,变为定语从句时常用一般时态。
The temple standing (=which/that stands) on the top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.坐落在山顶上的那个寺庙建于明朝。
②表示正在进展的动作,变为定语从句时要用进展时态。
The woman talking to (=who/that is talking to) the secretary is our boss.3 .被动且正在发生,其构造为being done。
The question being discussed now is important.现在正在讨论的问题很重要John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _____ him it.A. offeredB. offeringC. to offerD. to be offered1.The lecture, _____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moonwith telescopes.A. startingB. being startingC. to startD. to be started2.Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would e to see him soon.A．saidB．says C．saying D．to say3.The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibilityfor the education of their children.A. forcedB. forcingC. to be forcedD. having forced5. Do you know the name of the play ______ in the hall now"A. to be put onB. being put onC. put onD. putting on二、过去分词作定语1.过去分词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,并且表被动。
非谓语动词的补语
非谓语动词的补语非谓语动词是指在句子中不做谓语核心而起补充说明作用的动词形式。
常见的非谓语动词有动词不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（done）。
动词不定式作补语动词不定式作为补语常常用来表示一种目的、结果、愿望、计划、能力、必要性或让步等含义。
它可以与谓语动词一起形成复合谓语，进一步强调或详细说明动作的意义。
例如：- I want to learn English.（我想学英语。
）- She needs to study for the exam.（她需要备考。
）- He went to the store to buy some groceries.（他去商店买些杂货。
）动名词作补语动名词作为补语常常用来表示动作或状态的延续、目的、原因、结果、原因等含义。
它可以与谓语动词一起形成复合谓语，进一步强调或详细说明动作的意义。
例如：- I enjoy swimming in the ocean.（我喜欢在海里游泳。
）- They had trouble finding a hotel.（他们找不到酒店。
）- The professor talked about the importance of studying.（教授谈到了研究的重要性。
）分词作补语分词作为补语常常用来表示动作的完成、进行、被动或原因等含义。
它可以与谓语动词一起形成复合谓语，进一步强调或详细说明动作的意义。
例如：- She was excited to see her favorite singer perform.（她很兴奋地看到了她最喜欢的歌手表演。
）- The broken window needs to be repaired.（破损的窗户需要修理。
）- The children sat at the table, eating their dinner.（孩子们坐在桌子旁边，吃着晚餐。
）以上是关于非谓语动词的补语的简要介绍。
(完整版)2.非谓语动词作宾补(解析版)
非谓语动词作宾补（Non-verbals as OC)
• 10.With everything well ____(arrange), he left the office.
• 11.With time _______(permit) , we plan to hold a class meeting.、
非谓语动词作宾补（Non-verbals as OC)
• 1.I had my wallet _____ (steal) on a bus last month.
• 2.The villagers got many trees ____(plant) just then.
• 3.She found the door ____(break) into when she came back.
非谓语动词作宾补（Non-verbals as OC)
• 7.I heard the song ____(sing) in English. • 8.He felt himself ____(cheat). • 9.With many brightly-colored flowers
____(come) out around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.
非谓语动词作宾补（Non-verbals as OC)
• 19.The last time we saw the boy _______(swim) in the river was last week.(hear, notice, observe, watch)
• 20. The villagers got their kids ___ (help) them in the fields.
非谓语动词做补语方法
非谓语动词做补语方法一、介绍非谓语动词是指不具备谓语功能的动词形式，常常用来作为动词的补语。
本文将详细介绍非谓语动词作为补语的常见方法及其使用技巧。
二、动名词做补语动名词作为补语常常表示动作的目的、原因或结果等。
它通常出现在及物动词、名词、形容词等后面，使用时需要注意以下几点：1. 作目的状语例句：I went to the store to buy some groceries.翻译：我去商店买些杂货。
2. 作原因状语例句：He was late for the meeting due to heavy traffic.翻译：由于交通拥堵，他迟到了会议。
3. 作结果状语例句：She was so excited to hear the good news.翻译：听到这个好消息，她很兴奋。
三、不定式做补语不定式作为补语通常表示动作的目的、结果或方式等。
它通常出现在及物动词、名词、形容词等后面，并且可以根据句子结构的需要进行适当的变化。
1. 作目的状语例句：He stayed up all night to finish the report.翻译：为了完成报告，他整夜未眠。
2. 作结果状语例句：She worked hard to pass the exam.翻译：她努力学习以通过考试。
3. 作方式状语例句：The news shocked him to the extent that he couldn't speak.翻译：这个消息使他震惊得说不出话来。
四、现在分词做补语现在分词作为补语通常表示动作的主动、主观性和同时性。
它通常出现在及物动词、名词、形容词等后面，并且需要注意时态和人称的一致。
1. 作主动补语例句：I saw him standing at the bus stop.翻译：我看到他站在公交车站。
2. 作主观补语例句：She went to bed, feeling tired after a long day.翻译：经历了漫长的一天，她感到疲倦，上床睡觉了。
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非谓语作补语一．带to 的不定式（to do ）作宾补的动词常见的有： ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, order, force, cause, allow, permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer 等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带 to 的不定式作宾补1. My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. （北京卷）A. for me takingB. me takingC. for me to takeD. me to take2. The teacher asked us ______ so much noise. （北京卷）A. don ' t meakB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him . （全国卷）A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not do4. The patient was warned _____ oily food after the operation. （全国卷）A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to在使役动词 make, let, have 后，一般用不带 to 的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to 。
1. Though he had often made his little sister _ , today he was made ______ by his little sister.A. cry, to cryB. crying, cryingC. cry, cryD. to cry, cry2. PaUl doesn ' t have to be made __________ . He always works h全rd®卷）A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式感官动词 feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice ， observe 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的（在被动式后作主补时要加to）不定式（全过程）或者现在分词作宾补（正在发生），是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补1. They knew her very well. They had seen her _____ Up from childhood. （全国卷）A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow2. The missing boy were last seen _____ near the river. （全国卷）A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play3. The managers discUssed the plan that they woUld like to see __ t he next year. （全国卷）A. carried oUtB. carrying oUtC. carry oUtD. to carry oUt四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的 3 个动词在 want, get, have 等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。
现分述如下：①Want sb. doing希望某人做某事（多用于否定）；Want sb. to do要某人做某事；Want sth. done=want sth. to be done（被动）。
I don ' t wtaynoU arriving late. 我希望你不要迟到。
（主动、否定句）I Want the letter （to be） opened noW. 我现在就想把这封信拆开。
（被动）②get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事（主动、将来）;get…doin使…开始做某事；get…done=have sth. done请人做/遭受（被动）。
如：I ' ll try to get her ___ the doctor. 上（海卷）A. seeB. seeingC. to seeD. for seeing③have sth. done=get sth. done请人做某事；have Sb / sth. doing sth.使某人/某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb.do sth. 使某人做某事（见使役动词）； have sth. to do 有事要做（见非谓语动词作定语部分）。
1. He didn ' t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his Wtcah . （上海卷）A. to repairB. repairedC.repairingD. repair五•可用分词但不用to do作补语的5个动词Leave, keep, find等后可用现在分词（主动）或过去分词（被动）作补语，一般不用to do。
在CatCh（撞见）,Smel 1（闻至U）,等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词。
1. It waS So Cold that they kept the fire all night. （全国卷）A. to burnB. burntC. burningD. burned2. A Cook will be immediately fired if he iS found in the kitChen. （全国卷）A. SmokeB. SmokingC. to SmokeD. Smoked3. He looked around and Caught a man ______ hiS hand into the poCket of a paSSenger. （安徽卷）A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting4. The SaleSman SColded the girl Caught ___ a nd let her off. （全国卷）A. to have StolenB. to be StealingC. to StealD. Stealing5. Don't leave the water ______ wh i l e you bruSh your teeth. （天津卷）A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run 。
六.make oneself后常用UnderStOOd等过去分词作宾补make Oneself Understood / heard / Seen / knOWn让别人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到 /让自己被别人看到/ 让自己被别人认识。
如：1. The SPeaker raised his voice but still couldn ' t make 全m国ef ） __ .（A. hearB. to hearC. hearingD. heard2. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. （广西卷）A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard七.可用to be或to have done作补语的9个动词在表示“认为”的 think, consider, believe, suppose, prove, find, understand, judge, imagine 等动词后，可跟 to be 作补语（认为…是…）一般不跟to do;但在think, Consider, believe等之后可跟to have done作补语（认为…做了…）。
女口： Charles Babage is generally considered the first computer. （全国卷）A. to have inventedB. inventingC. to inventD. having invented八.在be said / reported 等后用不定式在 be said, be reported, be believed, be supposed, be thought等后面，以及要求接不定式。
1. He Was reported to have broken the World record. 据报道他打破了世界纪录。
=It is reported that he has broken the World record.2. The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （上海卷） A. causeB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have caused3. RObert is Said ______ a broad, but I don ' t know What CoUntry全e≡卷Udied in.（A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying九.在介词with 后作宾补的非谓语动词形式在 with 的宾语后，若用过去分词，表示宾语与过去分词在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成或;若用现在分词，表示宾语与现在分词在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作的持续进行;若用带to 的不定式，则表示将来的动作，宾语与不定式在逻辑上可以是主动关系也可以是被动关系，注意此时的不定式不是作宾补而是作宾语的定语了。