(建筑工程考试)武汉工程大学年英语考试大纲
武汉工程大学成人高考期末考试大学英语(一)
大学英语Ⅰ（高起本）单选题Well, let’s put our heads together and find（） to the problem.[A]an answer[B]a way[C]a solution[D]a method[答]CCall me when you are （） leisure.[A]on[B]in[C]at[D]of[答]CThey decided to chase the cow away（） it did more damage.[A]unless[B]until[C]before[D]although[答]CBob tried in vain to trick his little brother （） some money from their mother's purse.[A]to steal[B]to stealing[C]into steal[D]into stealing[答]DThe two boys had so（） in common that they soon became good friends.[A]little[B]few[C]much[D]many[答]CAs fuel prices rose, bus companies raised their fares and （）[A]so did the airlines[B]nor did the airlines[C]so the airlines did[D]nor the airlines did[答]AThe villages wanted very much to have a cinema（） in this are[A]to be built[B]build[C]built[D]be build[答]CI wish I （）_my research paper yesterday. But I was too late.[A]had finished to write[B]could have finished writing[C]could have finished to write[D]might finish writing[答]BShould she come tomorrow, I （） take her to the museum.[A]can[B]will[C]would[D]must[答]CThe students would not have made so much progress under less （）conditions.[A]popular[B]welcome[C]favorable[D]prosperous[答]C完型填空The book is the best research machine invented. Since mass printingbegan a few hundred years ago, it has given hundreds of millions of people {1} they could not have found anywhere else.But many readers don’t know {2} a book is organized to help them. They see the different parts of a book. However, the reason for such an organization{3} them.The first thing to look at is the title and the author. Every {4} a title doesn’t tell you very much about what is inside, but usually it does. Sometimes a subtitle gives you{5} information than the main title. If a book has a dust jacket, read the inside flaps. They usually{6}you a fairly good breakdown of what the book is about. Behind the title page in most {7} is the copyright notice. It is possible to look at this, especially the last date of copyright. Suppose you are studying {8} travel, a book with a 1916 copyright will not cover moon landings.Check the author’s background, if possible. Now and then, you can find it in a beginning part called a preface. Read carefully about the {9}. Do you think he or she is qualified to write on the book’s subject？Does his or her {10} make the author an expert in this field？请在第1个空格处填上正确答。
武汉工程大学357《英语翻译基础》2020072021年考研专业课初试大纲
《英语翻译基础》考试大纲一、考试目的《英语翻译基础》是英语翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MTI学习阶段的水平。
二、考试性质及范围本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。
考试的范围包括MTI考生入学应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英汉两种语言转换的基本技能。
三、考试基本要求1. 具备一定中外文化素养与常识性百科知识。
2. 具备扎实的英汉语言基本功。
3. 具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。
四、考试形式本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法，强调考生的英汉/汉英转换能力。
试题分类参见“考试内容一览表”。
五、考试内容：本考试包括两个部分：词语翻译和英汉互译, 总分150分。
考试总时间为180分钟。
词语翻译考试要求：要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。
题型：要求考生较为准确地写出题中30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。
汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。
考试时间为60分钟。
英汉互译考试要求：要求应试者具备英汉互译的基本技巧和能力；初步了解中国和英语国家的社会、文化等背景知识；译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词准确、表达基本无误；译文无明显语法错误；英译汉速度每小时250-350个英语单词，汉译英速度每小时150-250个汉字。
题型：要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章，英译汉为250-350个单词，汉译英为150-250个汉字，各占60分，总分120分。
考试时间为120分钟。
《英语翻译基础》考试内容一览表序号题型题量分值时间英译汉20个英文术语、缩略语或专有名词，考生选择15个作答1530分钟1词语翻译汉译英20个中文术语、缩略语或专有名词，考生选择15个作答1530分钟英译汉两段或一篇文章，250-350个单词6060分钟2英汉互译汉译英两段或一篇文章，150-250个汉字6060分钟总计————150180分钟《英语翻译基础》参考书目1. 《实用汉英翻译教程》，曾诚，外语教学与研究出版社2002年2. 《英汉翻译简明教程》，庄绎传，外语教学与研究出版社2002年3. 《英译汉教程》，连淑能，高等教育出版社，2006年4. 《高级英汉翻译》，孙致礼，外语教学与研究出版社2010年。
湖北省2020年普通专升本《大学英语》考试大纲
附件2湖北省2020年普通专升本《大学英语》考试大纲本考试的目的是选拔部分高职高专毕业生升入普通本科高校继续进行相关专业本科阶段学习，考查考生是否具有运用各项基本英语技能的能力以及学生对语法结构和词语用法的掌握程度，既测试学生的综合能力，也测试学生的单项技能。
一、考试科目名称：《大学英语》二、考试方式：笔试、闭卷三、考试时间：120分钟四、试卷结构：总分100分1.英语应用（共25分）词汇和语法（其中词汇10题，语法15题；每题1分，共25题）2.阅读理解(共45分)篇章1.[选择题，4选1]5题（每题2分，共10分）篇章2.[选择题，4选1]5题（每题2分，共10分）篇章3.[选择题，4选1]5题（每题2分，共10分）篇章4.[选择题，4选1]5题（每题2分，共10分）*篇章5.[填充题]5题（每题1分，共5分）3.英译汉(共20分)单句翻译：[选择题，3选1]5题（每题2分，共10分）段落翻译：1个段落（共10分）4.写作(共10分)1篇[短文或信函](10分)五、考试的基本要求以《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求（试行）》中的B级标准（听力部分除外）为基本要求，注重考核学生实际运用语言的能—1—力。
六、考试范围1.词汇。
掌握2500个英语单词以及由这些词构成的常用词组，对其中1500左右的单词能正确拼写，英汉互译。
2.语法。
掌握基本的英语语法规则，在听、说、读、写、译中能正确运用所学语法知识。
3.阅读。
能阅读中等难度的一般题材的简短英文资料，理解正确。
在阅读生词不超过总词数3%的英文资料时，阅读速度不低于每分钟50词。
能读懂通用的简短实用文字材料，如信函、产品说明等，理解基本正确。
4.翻译（英译汉）。
能将中等偏下难度的一般题材的文字材料和对外交往中的一般业务的英文材料译成汉语。
理解正确，译文达意，格式恰当。
5.写作。
能运用所学词汇和语法写出简单的短文；能用英语填写表格和简短的英语应用文，如便函、简历、通知等。
2023年武汉工程大学基础英语考研真题
2023年武汉工程大学基础英语考研真题Part I Grammar and Vocabulary. (1*20=20 points)In this part, you have twenty multiple choice questions. Choose the onethat you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1. Even if his famous father in person tomorrow, ittoo late to do anything. A. will arrive...isB. should arrive...wereC. arrives...will beD. arrives...would be2. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply twoof paint on a clean surface. A. coats B. levelsC. timesD. courses3. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-Americanpoetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A.is to be analyzedB. has been analyzedC. be analyzedD. should have beenanalyzed4. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages overmade of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk.A.oneB. the oneC. thatD. what5. Evidence came up specific sounds are recognized by babies as youngas six months old.A. whatB. thatC. whichD.whose6. No one would have time toread or listen to an account of everythinggoing on in the world. A.it is B. as isC. there isD. what is7. The treasury issued an order stating that land purchased fromthe government had to be paid for in gold or silver.A. henceforthB. moreoverC. wherebyD.however8. I haven't imagined the man I knew only by turns into my husbandnowA. chanceB. heartC. sightD. experience9. In fact, as he approached his beloved daughter, he only barely resistedthe to stroke her pretty soft hair.A. impulseB. intuitionC. instinctD. incentive10. Jason is a hard-working guy, and he even made a for upper class support.A. applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion11. The price of the organic vegetables will vary according to how far ithas to be transported and how expensive the freight are.A. paymentB. chargesC. fundsD.prices12. As the temperature dropped abruptly, the campers were all overwith cold.A. spinningB. shiveringC. shakingD.staggering13. People who live in the countryside or in the mountain, where the eyesare constantly themselves to objects at a distance, seldom have towear glasses in early or middle life.A. adoptingB. appealingC. applyingD.adjusting14. Our journey was slow because the train stopped at differentvillages.A. unceasinglyB. graduallyC. continuouslyD.continually15. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to beoperated instead of mechanically.A. manuallyB. artificiallyC. automaticallyD.synthetically16. The President has made it clear that he is not going to change hismind. The italicized partfunctions as a(n) in the sentence.A. subjectB. objectC. adverbialD. complement17. Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)？A. Homesick.B. SOHO.C. DisagreeD.Carelessness.18. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. the same.B. ones.C. both.D. quarter.19. Which “of” in the following phrases indicates asubject-predicate relationship? A. supporters of theproject B. the windows of the houseC. the ringing of the phoneD. the plays ofShakespeare20. Which of the following is NOT a compound sentence?A. Fields have eyes, and woods have ears.B. It's an old car, but it's very reliable.C. You should go home now, or your father will beat you.D. We'll stay at home if it rains.Part II Reading Comprehension. (2*20=40 points)Section A: In this section there are three texts followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. (2*15=30 points)Text One(1) We are at the very core of every communication we engage in. Even when we are not engaged in interpersonal communication, we are probably engaged in intrapersonal communication, i.e. communication within ourselves.(2) There are some fairly obvious and visible forms of intrapersonal communication, such as when we check off our purchases on a shopping list, or keep post-it notes to remind ourselves of appointments. We also quite literally talk to ourselves; at my age, “What am I about to do next?” or even “What the hell am I doing here?”are becoming increasingly common questions I ask myself. You'll hear some people speaking aloud to themselves. I recall an elderly theology professor who never stopped talking to himself about major philosophical problems which made it particularly interesting watching him trying to eat his soup, though it was advisable not to get too close.(3) Actually, communication and medical professionals have researched the psychophysiological components of self-talk to conclude that what people say to themselves does affect their ability to combat and ward off illnesses.(4) Self-talk, a part of intrapersonal communication, is a health behavior that has potentially far-reaching effects. Although it will most likely be used by those who have a high internal locus of control and place a high value on health, it can also help relatively healthy people in health “maintenance”programs. Self-talk is categorized as being positive or negative. As its label implies, positive self-talk has good implications for people's mental and physical well-being. However, the negative is not all bad. The key to using self-talk is to strive for an appropriate balance between the two.(5) The use of positive self-talk has been linked to the reduction of stress. Less stress, in turn, can effect other positive health changes. Self-talk, like thoughts, is not neutral because it triggers behavior in either a positive or negative direction. Both thoughts and self-talk are based on beliefs which are formed early in life. Beliefs shape our self-talk, which in turn affects our self-esteem.(6) However, negative thinking as the “thinking of choice,” may not be so bad, because it heightens people's sensitivity to the situation they are facing. They are likely to think more clearly. Ruth Dailey Grainger in Therapy Research Institute in Miami, Florida says, “Negative thinking, then, is the most productive, the most useful, and the healthiest thinking to adopt when risk is high.”(7) Instead of categorizing negative self-talk as “negative,” it might bebetter to call it “logical and accurate”self-talk. Harriet B. Braiker emphasizes in Psychology Today the “responsible”use of self-talk. She warns against confusing positive inner dialogue with positive thinking, happy affirmations, or self-delusions. Logical, accurate self-talk recognizes personal short-comings, but also modifies them to help people define a plan of correction.(8) Knowing that thought patterns generated by self-talk affect health states, people can begin to control the power in their minds by taking an active role in deciding what to think, enhancing the positive messages they send themselves.21. Which of the following is NOT intrapersonal communication?A. Ticking your purchases on a shopping list.B. Keeping notes to remind yourselves of appointments.C. Making plans for the future.D. Asking a theology professor about philosophical problems.22. Research shows that self-talk does affect .A. people’shealth behaviorB. people’s ability to fight against illnessesC. people’s internal locus of controlD. people’s interpersonal communication23. We should when using self-talk.A. keep positive self-talk as much as possibleB. avoid negative self-talk whenever possibleC. keep a balance between positive and negative self-talkD. remind ourselves of the advantages of all self-talk24. The nature of self-talk is based on .A. basic assumptions of lifeB. self-esteemC. the cultivation of characterD. lifestyle25. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. negative thinking grants people greater courage to confront difficultiesB. even negative thinking can be positiveC. negative thinking can make people more logicalD. negative thinking is preferable to positive thinkingin certain circumstances 26. “Happy affirmation” in natureis different from .A. positive thinkingB. positive self-talkC. self-delusionsD. inaccurate self-talk27. What is the best title of this passage?A. Less stress, more efficiency.B. Attitudes decide everything.C. Communication bridges the gap.D. You are what you think.Text Two(1) If you are walking along a dark alley late at night and atallman wearing a balaclava jumps out at you, there may be good reasons for being afraid. Your body automatically responds by pumping adrenaline into your blood stream—your rate of breathing changes dramatically, your heart races and you have feelings of panic or terror. Your body has entered the “fight or flight”response, getting ready either to defend yourself or run away. In these circumstances, the benefits of this response are obvious. However, some people respond to harmless events and objects in the same way. An excessive or unreasonable fear is called a Phobia.(2) Phobias are extremely common, affecting people of all ages and from allwalks of life. Peopleusually manage their phobia by avoiding the feared situation or objects. For some phobia, like the fear of toads, this might represent a minor inconvenience. On the other hand, a social phobia could severely interfere with the ability to work or socialize. Anyone with a phobia that causes distress or affects their quality of life should consider being treated, especially since phobias generally respond well to treatment.(3) A phobia is learned association between a particular object or event and the feeling of fear. Phobia can be overcome by relearning this association in a new positive way. Many phobics have found hypnotherapy to be an extremely effective treatment for their phobia.(4) During hypnotherapy, the therapist uses easy-to-follow instructions to gently guide the client into the hypnotic state. Stage hypnosis gives the impression that this involves a loss of control, but this is not the case at all. The client remains in charge of their senses throughout and can converse easily in this state. When relaxed in hypnosis, the therapist can help you change the associations that have been learned with the feared object or situation.(5) The number of sessions required to overcome a phobia can vary with the complexity of the issue. For example, clients with animal phobias, such as fear of spiders, have overcome their difficulty in two or four sessions. However, clients with more complex fears, like social phobias, have required longer. However, in addition to helping you overcome your fear, hypnotherapy can also leave you feeling calm, relaxed and more in control of your life.28.A phobia is a response .A. in which your body functions under your controlB. whose benefits are obviousC. which is unnecessaryD. acquired from birth29. In the stage of hypnosis .A. a client enters the hypnotic state automaticallyB. a client can still talkC. a client is in half sleepD. a client is conscious most of the time30. What is NOT true of hypnotherapy?A. It reduces adrenaline in your blood stream.B. Social phobias are more difficult to treat than animal phobias.C. The more complex an issue is, the more sessions it will involveD. It helps you relearn the association between an event and the feeling offear.Text Three(1) In my opinion, the Indian Conference bears in its consequences not only upon India but upon the whole world. India is by itself almost a continent. It contains one-fifth of the human race. It represents one of the most ancient civilizations. It has traditions handed down from tens of thousands of years, some of which, to the astonishment of the world, remain intact. No doubt the ravages of time have affected the purity of that civilization, as they have that of many other cultures and many institutions.(2) If India is to perpetuate the glory of her ancient past, it can do so only when it attains freedom. The reason for the struggle having drawn the attention of the world, I know, does not lie in the fact that we Indians are fighting for our liberty, but in the fact that the means adopted by us for attaining that liberty are unique and, as far as history shows us, have not been adopted by any other people of whom we have any record.(3) The means adopted are not violence, not bloodshed, not diplomacyas one understands it nowadays, but they are purely and simply truth and nonviolence. No wonder that the attention of theworld is directed towards this attempt to lead a successful, bloodless revolution. Hitherto, nations have fought in the manner of the brute. They have wreaked vengeance upon those whom they have considered to be their enemies.(4) We find in searching national anthems adopted by great nations that they contain imprecations upon the so-called enemy. They have vowed destruction and have not hesitated to take the name of God and seek Divine assistance for the destruction of the enemy. We in India have reversed the process. We feel that the law that governs brute creation is not the law that should guide the human race. That law is inconsistent with human dignity.(5) I personally would wait, if need be, for ages rather than seek to attain the freedom of my country through bloody means. I feel in the innermost recesses of my heart, after a political experience extending over an unbroken period of close upon thirty-five years, that the world is sick unto death of blood-spilling. The world is seeking a way out, and I flatter myself with the belief that perhaps it will be the privilege of the ancient land of India to show that way out to the hungering world.(6) I have, therefore, no hesitation whatsoever in inviting all the great nations of the earth to give their hearty cooperation to India in her mighty struggle. It must be a sight worth contemplating and treasuring that millionsof people have given themselves to suffering without retaliation in order that they might vindicate the dignity and honor of the nation.31. The last sentence of Para.1 implies that .A. India has a large populationB. India has a profound culture with a long historyC. India has many cultures and institutionsD. the civilization of India is no longer intact32. The reason why India’s struggle for freedom draw “the attention of the world” are the following EXCEPT .A. the way of fighting is specialB. the way of fighting is uniqueC. the purpose of fighting is for freedomD. this kind of fighting is unprecedented33. The means that India adopted for achieving independence is .A. fearless battleB. negotiationC. nonviolenceD. vengeance34. What is the author’s attitude towards “the law that governs brute creation”?A. He advocates the law.B. He objects to the law.C. He remains indifferent.D. His attitude is unclear.35. The passage is taken from a(n) .A. news reportB. government documentC. announcementD. speechSection B: Read the following text and answer each of the five questions following the text. (2*5=10 points)Ahead-of-the-Curve Careers(1) Cutting-edge careers are often exciting, and they offer a strong job market. Alas, the cutting edge too often turns out to be the bleeding edge, so here are some careers that, while relatively new, are already viable and promise further growth. They emerge from four megatrends:(2) Growing healthcare demand. The already overtaxed U.S. healthcare systemwill be forcedto take on more patients because of the many aging baby boomers, the influx of immigrants, and the millions of now uninsured Americans who would be covered under a national healthcare plan likely to be enacted in the next president's administration. Jobs should become more available in nearly all specialties, from nursing to coding, imaging to hospice. These healthcare careers are likely to be particularly rewarding. Health informatics specialists will, for example, develop expert systems to help doctors and nurses make evidence-based diagnoses and treatments. Hospitals, insurers, and patient families will hire patient advocates to navigate the labyrinthine and ever more parsimonious healthcare system. On the preventive side, people will move beyond personal trainers to wellness coaches, realizing that doing another 100 pushups won‘t help if they’re smoking, boozing, and enduring more stress than arat in an experiment.(3) The increasingly digitized world. Americans are doing more of their shopping on the Net. We obtain more of our entertainment digitally: Computer games are no longer just for teenage boys; billions are spent by people of all ages and both sexes. Increasingly, we get our information from online publications. Increasingly viewed on iPhones and BlackBerrys. An under-the-radar career that is core to the digital enterprise is data miner. Online customers provide enterprises with high-quality data on what to sell and for individualized marketing. Another star of the digitized world is simulation developer. The growing ubiquity of broadband connectivity is helping entertainment, education, and training to incorporate simulations of exciting, often dangerous experiences. For example, virtual patients allow medical students to diagnose and treat without risking a real patient life. A new computer game, Spore, allows you to simulate creating a new planet, starting with the first microorganism.(4) Globalization, especially Asia's ascendancy. This should create great demand for business development specialists, helping U.S. companies create joint ventures with Chinese firms. Once those deals are made, offshoring managers are needed to oversee those collaborations as well as the growing number of offshored jobs. Quietly, companies are offshoring even work previously deemed too dependent on American culture to send elsewhere: innovation and market research, for example. Conversely, large numbers of people from impoverished countries are immigrating to the United States. So, immigration specialists of all types, from marketing to education to criminal justice, will be needed to attempt to accommodate the unprecedented in migration.(5) The dawn of clinical genomics. Decades of basic research are finally starting to yield clinical implications. Just months ago, it cost $1 million to fully decode a person's genome. Now it's $300,000 and just $1,000 for a partial decoding, which, in itself, indicates whether a person is at increased risk of diabetes, cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer’s, and 15 other conditions. Within a decade, we will probably understand which genes predispose humans to everything from depression to violence, early death to centenarian longevity, retardation to genius. Such discoveries will most likely give rise to ways to prevent or cure our dreaded predispositions and encourage those in which we’d delight. That, in turn,will bring about the reinvention of psychology, education, and, of course, medicine. In the meantime, the unsung heroes who will bring this true revolution to pass will include computational biologists and behavioral geneticists.36. What are the causes of the growth in healthcare demand?37. What are the characteristics of a digitized world?38. What effects will globalization have on the U.S. job market?39. What clinical implications will genomics start to yield?40. What are the main elements that contribute to the creation of cutting-edge careers?Part III. Please translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points)The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive. Understanding the language andculture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing results.Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising. General Motors (通用汽车), the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson whenit introduced its Chevrolet Nova to the Puerto Rican market.“Nova ”is Latin for“new (star)" and means“star ”in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like "nova", meaning "it doesn't go". Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales "picked up" dramatically.Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies. When translated into German, Pepsi's popular slogan, "Come Alive with Pepsi" came out implying "Come Alive from the Grave". No wonder customers in Germany didn't rush out to buy Pepsi.When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market. Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitiveto the cultural distinctions.In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be short and simple. They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.Part IV. Please translate the following passage into English. (20 points)中国坚持走符合本国国情的发展道路，始终把人民权利放在首位，不断促进和保护人权。
武汉工程大学2023年硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目考试大纲 502《专业设计B(6小时)》
武汉工程大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲
武汉工程大学2023年硕士研究生招生考试
《专业设计B（6小时）》考试大纲
课程编号：502专业设计B（6小时）
英文译名：Professional Design B
课程性质：专业设计课
适用专业：工业设计工程（专硕）
一、考试的总体要求：
专业设计B是一门针对报考我校工业设计工程硕士专业的统一初试科目，主要考察学生独立思考提出并解决问题的分析能力、设计构思的拓展能力以及设计实践的应用能力等对特定命题的综合设计能力。
二、考试的内容及比例：
1、设计思维（占40%）
根据考题说明所给出的背景，明确指出设计提案的内容，并通过设计分析、定位、创意、推敲等过程，提出问题、分析问题和解决问题；要求分点陈述，可结合图表分析；主要考察设计思维的系统性、逻辑性、发散性、创新性等。
2、设计表现（占30%）
根据前述问题及分析，做出设计提案。
通过设计草图、效果图与工程制图、设计说明；主要考察设计表现技能的熟练程度和表达效果,以及正确完成工程制图的能力。
3、设计表达（占30%）
对设计提案进行深入设计，进行相关要求的设计表现和制图，充分表达设计思想及内涵；主要考察设计方案的美观性、新颖性、可行性与经济性。
三、试题类型及比例：
试题满分150分。
1、设计思维（60分）
2、设计表现（45分）
3、设计表达（45分）
四、考试形式及时间：
1、考试形式为笔试，自带相关绘图工具（学校提供考试用纸），
2、考试时间：6小时。
五、主要参考教材：
不限参考教材，考生根据我校工业设计工程（专业学位）专业招生方向选择备考。
1。
武汉工程大学710《基础英语》2020072021年考研专业课初试大纲
武汉工程大学外语学院硕士研究生入学《基础英语（代码710）》考试大纲一、考试目的、性质和基本要求《基础英语》是我校英语语言文学和外国语言学与应用语言学三年制硕士生入学必考的专业基础课之一。
考试的目的是检查考生的是否掌握英语语法，具备一定的词汇以及英语阅读的能力，还包括英语写作能力和英汉、汉英翻译基本技能，能否掌握英语写作基本知识和英汉两种语言转换的基本知识，并运用这些能力从事英语科研及研究论文撰写的水平。
合格考生应具备良好的跨文化交际知识和英汉双语应用能力。
考试对象为报考我校硕士研究生入学考试的准考考生。
二、考试形式和试卷结构（一）答卷方式：闭卷、笔试（二）答题时间：180分钟（三）试卷总分：150分（三）题型比例（例如）语法词汇30%阅读30%英译汉20%汉译英20%英语作文50%三、考试的主要内容本考试的主要内容为：（1）考查考生英语语法能力、英语词汇水平、英语阅读能力； （2）考查考生是否具有坚实的英语写作能力，能否恰当地选词用字，组词成句、组句成段、组段成篇，准确运用英语表达自己的思想，且对英语的文体把握较好；（3）翻译理论结合实践的能力；对翻译过程的正确把握（如理解、表达及校核）；对翻译标准及翻译技巧的把握及运用能力。
（4）处理英汉两种文化及语言差异方面的实践能力；四、参考书1. 张汉熙等：《高级英语》（第三版）（1, 2册，）外语教学与研究出版社，2017年2. 章振邦：《新编英语语法》学生用书(第六版)，上海外语教育出版社，2017年3. 何兆熊等《综合教程》（第二版）（5-6册）学生用书，上海外语教育出版社，2013年4. 杨立民：现代大学英语（第二版）（5，6册），外语教学与研究出版社，2014年。
工程专业英语复习资料.doc
cost control 成本控制 construction project manager planning horizon 规划周期 net benefit 净专英复习资料单词翻译the real estate developer 房地产开发商 project management 项 目管理 architect 建筑师 architector 设计师 contract price 合同价格shop drawings 施工图，安装图 bottom-up design 自下而上的设计 top-down design 自 上而下 的设计 construction operations 施工作业 bids and quotations 投标和报价 field management 现场管理 bill of quantities 工程量清单项目经理 Cost Indices 成本指数 net annual cash flow 年净现金流 Net Present Value 净现值 Net Future Value 净终值 Net Annual Value 净年值tax exempt 免税 project finance 项 目融资gross sale amount 毛销售额 overdraft 透支Lump Sum Contract 总价合同 Unit Price Contract 单价合同 construction planning 施工计戈U design drawing 设计图纸resource oriented 以资源为导向的 activity-on-branch network 双代号网络图 activity-on-node network 单代号网络图 earliest start times 最早开始时间 latest start times 最迟开始时间 network diagrams 网络计划图time horizon 时间基准 network model 网络模型Estimated total cost 预计总成本 Cost to Date 到期成本inspector 检查人员 total quality control 全面质量管理句子翻译1)With the exception of the speculative hosuing market , where the residential units may be sold as built by the real estate developer,most constructed facilities are custom made in consultation with the owners.除了投机性住宅市场，在那里住宅单位由负责建造的房地产开发商销售之外， 大多数的建筑设施都是在与业主协商一致的基础上定制的。
2023年武汉工程大学研究生考试自命题真题 357英语翻译基础
武汉工程大学2023 年全国硕士研究生招生考试考试科目代码及名称： 357 英语翻译基础I.Phrase Translation (30 points, 1 point for each)Section I (15 points)Directions: Translate the following phrases into Chinese and write the answers on the answer sheet.1.general linguistics2.emotional quotient3.low-carbon economy4.United Nations Secretary-General5.sustainable development6.cross-cultural communication7.ubiquitous learning8.virtual reality9.consecutive interpreting10.intralingual translation11.foreignization12.dynamic equivalence13.“Robinson Crusoe”14.“Vanity Fair”15.“Romeo and Juliet”Section II (15 points)Directions: Translate the following phrases into English and write the answers on the answer sheet.1.中国共产党2.国务院3.小康社会4.双语能力5.人工智能6.全球化与本地化7.循环经济8.世界互联网大会9.翻译硕士10.可接受性与可译性11.直译与意译12.视听翻译13.探月工程14.文化词汇15.衔接与连贯II.Passage Translation (120 points)Section 1 (60 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.Governments will have to decide whether to restrict boosters to vulnerable groups — the UK has just widened preparations for the booster to be given to those over 50. This tactic is designed to reduce hospitalizations and deaths. But proponents of diffuse vaccine rollouts argue that jabs should be given more widely to try to lessen the economic and social damage lockdowns cause. In addition, governments could consider liberalizing markets somewhat, allowing people outside target groups to pay for boosters, as they do for flu jabs or travel shots.There is also the question of what vaccine to deploy, with evidence that those developed earlier in the pandemic are less efficient at tackling the spread of Omicron (although they do still confer protection against severe illness). The International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities is due to vote by the end of the month on whether to allow variant-specific vaccines; the hope is that it will. Countries’ investment in treatments for Covid should also be sustained, including in antivirals, which lessen the effects for symptomatic patients if taken early on.Moreover, seasonal flu could be far worse this year — an issue Australia and China are already grappling with — because pandemic restrictions mean people have been less exposed to all kinds of illnesses a nd are less resilient. “Two-in-one” campaigns that encourage people to get both their Covid boosters and flu jabs, as Australia is launching, will be key this autumn.While restrictions can be jettisoned this summer, the hard lessons of the past two years should not be. Covid-19 may have been displaced in headlines, governments’ priorities, and the publicconsciousness, but out of sight should not mean out of mind.Section 2 (60 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into English.我们推进了农业结构调整。
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（建筑工程考试）武汉工程大学年英语考试大纲武汉工程大学2010年专升本《大学英语》考试大纲根据教育部高等教育司在2004年制定的全新的《大学英语课程教学要求》，特组织编写武汉工程大学专升本《大学英语》考试大纲，以帮助广大学生复习时参考。
一考试内容本考试包括五个部分：1）写作2阅读理解；2）听力理解；3) 词汇与语法4）完型填空。
全部题目按顺序统一编号。
（一）写作（Part one : Writing ）共1题，考试时间30分钟。
要求考生写出不少于120词的短文，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定场景，或看图作文，或写报告、评论、发言稿和日常应用文等，要求表达思想清楚，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。
短文写作部分的目的是测试学生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。
（二）阅读理解（Part Two: Reading Comprehension）:阅读理解部分包括仔细阅读（Reading in Depth）和快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning），测试学生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力；所占分值比例为40%，其中仔细阅读部分30%，快速阅读部分10%。
考试时间40 分钟。
仔细阅读部分要求考生阅读三篇短文。
三篇均为多项选择题的短文理解测试，每篇长度为300-350词。
仔细阅读部分测试考生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力，包括理解主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等。
多项选择题型的短文后有若干个问题，考生根据对文章的理解，从每题的四个选项中选择最佳答案。
快速阅读部分采用1-2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长度约为1000词。
要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。
略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约每分钟100词。
查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大写单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。
快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有单项选择是非判断、句子填空、完成句子等（三）听力理解（Part Three: listening Comprehension）:共25题，考试时间25分钟。
这一部分包括两节：A节（section A）和B节(sectionB)组成。
A节对话部分（Listening Conversations）包括短对话和长对话，均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。
短对话约有7-8段，每段为一轮对话和一个问题；长对话有两段，每段为5-8轮对话和3-4个问题；对话部分共15题。
每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有15秒的答题时间。
B节有两种测试，其一：由三篇短文组成，每篇短文之后有3—4个问题，共10道题；其二：由一篇短文组成，其测试方法为复合式听写，要求学生填写所缺单词或句子，共10个空。
听力部分的每个问句后有约15秒的间隙，要求考生从试卷所给出的的每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
录音的语速为每分钟约120词，念一遍。
复合式听写题型先给出一篇短文，再留出10个空（space）。
第一部分为前7个空（S1-S7），要求考生用听到的原文填写空缺的单词。
第二部分为后三个空（S8-S10）。
要求考生根椐所听内容写出要点。
全文是一篇200词左右的短文，朗读三遍。
第一遍是全文朗读，没有停顿，要求考生听懂全文内容。
听第二遍时，在第一部分的第一空格处略有停顿，让考生填入所缺单词。
第二部分之后停顿2分钟，让考生根据所听到的内容写出主要意思。
第三遍同第一遍一样，没有停顿，供考生校对。
听力理解部分的目的在于测试考生接受、理解和获取口头信息的能力。
（四）词汇与结构（Part Four: Vocabulary and Structure）共20题，考试时间为10分钟。
词汇题是考查考生对词汇及词组的辩异能力以及在句中的具体运用；结构题是测试考生对标准英语书面语语法结构的掌握程度。
词汇与结构部分的目的是测试学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。
（五）完形填空（Part Five: Cloze）共20 题，考试时间15分钟。
在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约200个词）中留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。
填空的词项包括结构词和实义词。
完形填空测试考生综合运用语言的能力。
二答题及计分方法客观性试题用机器阅卷，要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上（Answer Sheet）该题的相应字母中间用铅笔划一条横线，多选作答错处理。
主观性试题按科学的评分标准评分。
试卷五个部分的题目数、计分和考试时间列表如下：三参考书目1．郑树棠，陈永捷，《新视野大学英语读写教程》（1—4册），外语教学与研究出版社2．郑树棠，徐忠，毛忠明，《新视野大学英语听说教程》（1—4册），外语教学与研究出版社3．李荫华《大学英语综合教程》（1—4册），上海外语教育出版社2010年武汉工程大学专升本《大学英语》考试样题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 12o words according to the outline given below in Chinese.What electives to choose1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3. 以你自己为例……Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning ) (15 minutes)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain andmaintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students form around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent ofall undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity——and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration w ith faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, post doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses.The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in china, and Chinese graduate students, post doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politician recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physicalsciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. Universities, and corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and —like immigrants throughout history —strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become_________.A) more and more research-oriented B) in-service training organizationsC) more popularized than ever before D) a powerful force for global integration2. Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased__________.A) by 2.5 million B) by 800,000C) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent D) at an annual rate of 8 percent3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A) 10% B) 20% C)30% D)38%4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.B) They offer them various courses in international politics.C) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.D) They give them chances for international study or internship.5. An example illustrating the general trend of uni versities’ globalization is __________.A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic researchB) Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsC) Yale’s students exchange program with European institutionsD) Yale’s es tablishing branch campuses throughout the world6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.B) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.C) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.D) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A) It has increased by 3 percent. B) It has been unsteady for years.C) It has been more than sufficient. D) It doubled between 1998 and 2003.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ____.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will_____.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ___.Part III Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section A11. A) She used to be in poor health. B) She was popular among boys.C) She was somewhat overweight. D) She didn’t do well at high school.12. A) At the airport. B) In a restaurant.C) In a booking office. D) At the hotel reception.13. A) Teaching her son by herself. B) Having confidence in her son.C) Asking the teacher for extra help. D) Telling her son not to worry.14. A) Have a short break. B) Take two weeks off.C) Continue her work outdoors. D) Go on vacation with the man.15. A) He is taking care of his twin brother. B) He has been feeling ill all week.C) He is worried about Rod’s health.D) He has been in perfectcondition.16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plants to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She bought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.B) Few people share th e woman’s opinion.C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.B) She is going to get it at the airport.C) She has probably left it in a taxi.D) She is afraid that she has lost it.20. A) It ends in winter. B) It will cost her a lot.C) It will last one week. D) It depends on the weather.21. A) The plane is taking off soon. B) The taxi is waiting for them.C) There might be a traffic jam. D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. A) At home. B) At the airport. C) In the man’s car.D) By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) She is thirsty for promotion. B) She wants a much higher salary.C) She is tired of her present work. D) She wants to save travel expenses.24. A) Translator. B) Travel agent.C) Language instructor. D) Environmental engineer.25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind.B) Communication skills and team spirit.C) Devotion and work efficiency.D) Education and experience.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They care a lot about children.B) They need looking after in their old age.C) They want to enrich their life experience.D) They want children to keep them company.27. A) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.B) They are usually adopted from distant places.C) Their birth information is usually kept secret.D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.28. A) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.B) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.C) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A) Adoption has much to do with love.B) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.C) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.D) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship. Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) He suffered from mental illness.B) He bought The Washington Post.C) He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.D) He turned a failing newspaper into a success.31. A) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C) She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.D) She took over her father’s position when he died.32. A) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.B) People came to see the role of women in the business world.C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.D) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind. Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’ll allow them to receive free medical treatment.B) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.C) I t’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.D) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.34. A) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.B) They can only visit doctor who speak their native languages.C) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.D) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.35. A) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.B) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.C) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.D) They don’t have to pay for the medical services.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth ) (25 minutes) Passage OneQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt t he popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas(睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than athird of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in severs and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more the schools saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.36. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) All its courses are offered online.B) Its online courses are of the best quality.C) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.37. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by _________.A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsB) the great diversity of students’ academic backgroundsC) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionD) the casual relationship between students and professors38. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ________.A) earn their academic degrees with much less effortB) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesC) select courses from various colleges and universitiesD) work on the required courses whenever and wherever39. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.40. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ________.A) building up their reputation B) cutting down on their expensesC) upgrading their teaching facilities D) providing convenience for studentsPassage TwoQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there isno shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation(启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall. I offered suggestions first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade. I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting(借用) mydaughter’s experience.While steeping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.41. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.B) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.C) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.D) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.42. What did the author say about her own writing experience?A) She did not quire live up to her reputation as a writer.B) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.C) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.D) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.43. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?A) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.B) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.C) She wanted to share her stories with readers.D) She had won a prize in the previous contest.44. The author took great pains to refine her daught er’s storiesbecause___________.A) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance.B) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so muchC) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dream of becoming a writerD) s he was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing45.What’s the author’s advice for parents?A) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.B) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.C) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.D) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions. Passage Three Question 46-50 are based on the following passage Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Everything that is new or uncommon raises a pleasure in the imagination, and because it fills the soul with a pleasant surprise, satisfies its curiosity, and gives it an idea which it did not possess before. We are too much familiar with one set of objects and tired out with so many repeated shows of the same things and whatever is new or uncommon contributes a little to vary human life with the strangeness of its appearance: it serves us for a kind of refreshment, and takes off that satiety (厌腻) we tend to complain of in our usual and ordinaryentertainment. It is this variety that gives our mind something new and relieves our attention from dwelling too long and wasting itself on any particular object. It is this, likewise, that improves what is great or beautiful, and makes it afford our mind a double entertainment. Woods, fields, and meadows are at any season of the year pleasant to look upon but never so much as in the beginning of the spring, when they are all new and fresh and not yet too much accustomed and familiar to the eye. For this reason there is nothing that makes a prospect more fascinating than rivers or sprays of water from fountains, where the scene is constantly shifting and entertaining the sight every moment with something new. We are quickly tired with looking upon hills and valleys, where everything remains fixed and settled in the same place and manner, but find our thoughts a little excited and relieved at the sight of such objects as are ever in motion and sliding away from beneath our eyes.46.Which of the following contains the main idea of the passage?A) Whatever is new is more worthwhile than that which is old.B) Strangeness makes a thing fascinating.C) We must change the old for the new to achieve variety.D) We cannot evaluate the worth of an item until it is no longer new.47.Woods, fields, and meadows are never so pleasant to look upon as in the beginning of the spring because ______.A) they satisfy our curiosityB) they seem to us new and fresh after the long winter timeC) they are something unfamiliar to our eyesD) they fill our souls with a pleasant surprise48.The author find fountains fascinating because ______.A) of the beauty of their appearance B) of the freshness of the waterC) of the movement of the water D) of the beauty of nature49.The author's implied purpose in this passage is to ______.A) entertain the reader B) prevent the reader from making mistakesC) present an alternative view D) improve the readers' sense of right and wrong50.Which of the following describes the development of the ideas in this passage?A) The thought moves by association from one aspect to another.B) The thought moves from a hypothesis to an application of the hypothesis.C) The thought moves from a generalization to a series of observations to prove the generalization.D) The thought moves from event to event in a time sequence.Part V Vocabulary and Structure 10minutesDirections: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.51.Did it ever ________ you that he could be the murderer?A) occur to B) occur in C) happen to D) happen with52.Mary simply cannot refrain from talking about the party again and again; she had a wonderful time there, ________ she?A) hadn't B) had C) didn't D) weren't53.That tourist spoke English with a strong American ________.A) accident B) accent C) absence D) access54.He talked for almost an hour at the meeting, but what he said was not________.A) to the point B) for the point C) at the point D) with the point55.He had scarcely left the railway station ________ it started to rain.A) than B) then C) when D) since56.There was such a long line at the exhibition ________ we had to wait for about half an hour.。