新人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8单元知识点总结与练习

新人教版七年级英语下册Unit 8 IS there a post office near here?词型转换near反义词: faracross动词：cross名词：crossingfront反义词：backnorth形容词：northernright反义词：left/wrongenjoy第三人称单数：enjoyseasily形容词：easyfree反义词：busy方位介词的用法：*across from …在……对面，后接地点名词或代词。

例：There is a bank______ ______(在对面) the library.*next to 在…..旁边，靠近……后接地点名词或代词。

例：(1)The pay phone is ______ ______(紧挨着) the library.(2)The garden is next ___my house.A.onB.toC.inD.at*between…and…在…和…之间（两者之间）例：( )She is sitting ______Lily and Lucy.A.nearB.next toC.betweenD.across from*in front of 在……前面（范围之外）*in the front of 在…..前面（范围之内）例：( )The hotel is ____the bank.（）Tom sits _____the classroom and listens to the teacher carefully.A.in the front ofB.in front ofC.in the frontD.in frontpay v支付，付钱*pay for +物“付钱买某物”*pay + 钱+for +物“付多少钱买某物Eg:She pays 5 yuan for the books.Where +be+地点“….在哪儿“例( )“_______ is the hotel?” “It’s near the bank”A.HowB.WhoC.WhereD.WhatExcuse me 打扰了，对不起用法：因询问事情，打扰别人而表示歉意时的用语，常用在问路之前。

sorry 对不起因做错事，说错话时向别人道歉时的用语。

例( )--______,could you tell me the way to the bank?A.HelloB.Excuse meC.HiD.Sorryon the right/left 在右边/左边例( )The hotel is down Bridge Street ____the right.A.inB.onC.atD.toYou’re welcome 不客气当别人向你道谢时的应答语。

表示不用谢的用语还有：That’s all right /Not at all /It’s a pleasure.短语：1.post office 邮局2.pay phone 投币式公用电话3.across from 在….对面4.next to 紧靠…5.between…and….在…和…之间6.in front of 在…前面7.in the neighborhood 在附近8.go straight 沿着….直走9.turn right 向右拐10.welcome to…欢迎到…..11.take a walk 散步12.the beginning of … ….的开始13.have fun 玩到开心14.the way to …去….的路15.take a taxi 乘出租车16.have a good trip 旅途愉快17.on the Fifth Avenue 在第五大街busy adj 忙的be busy doing sth=be busy with sth 忙于做某事例：He is busy _____(do) his homework...enjoy v 喜欢– enjoyable adj高兴的enjoy sth 喜欢某物enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time 玩得高兴例：(1)Tom enjoys ________(play) soccer.（2）Jim and Sunsan enjoy_______(watch) TV .（3）Do you enjoy_____English in our class ,Mr Green?A.teachB.teachesC.to teach Dteaching(4)They have fun at the party.A.have a good timeB.playC.likeD.have interestslet sb do sth 让某人做某事Let me ________(help) you.let’s do sth 让我们一起做某事例：Let’s ________(go) to school.tell v 告诉tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要去做某事the way to +地点去….的路Can you tell me the way to the post office?hope v 希望hope to do sth 希望去做某事hope + that 从句例：I hope _________(visit) Beijing.take a walk =have a walk 散步例：( )--Let’s _____. –All right .A.take a walkB.take walkC.to take walkD.to take a walkwelcome to +地点欢迎到某地来Welcome ____my birthday party.A.atB.inC.toD./语法规律：there be 结构一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。

例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.二、用法:1.否定句：在be后加上“not”,也可用“no”来表示。

即：no + n.（名词）= not a\an\any + n.（名词）。

例如：There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.例题分析：There is a library across from the school(改为否定句)_______ ______a library across from the school.2. 一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。

例如：There is some money in her handbag.→Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)There is something new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?例题分析：There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句)_______ ______ ______ birds in the tree?Is there a baseball under the chair？(作肯定回答)Yes,__________.3.特殊疑问句：There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用“What’s + 介词短语?”。

其中there在口语中常常省略。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。

如：There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree?There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?②对地点状语提问：用“Where is \ are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：There is a computer in my office.→Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?--They’ re in the classroom.③对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？”表示：There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag.→How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box.→How many cats are there in the box?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语？”表示：There is some money in my purse.→How much money is there in your purse?4.反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there? 例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?5. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。