浙江省宁波市九校2018-2019学年高一第二学期联考英语试题及答案解析

浙江省宁波市九校2018-2019学年高一第二学期联考英语试题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解The trouble started at 9：30 p. m. last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark. When the fire engines （消防车）arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in a third floor window. The firefighters placed a ladder（梯子）against the wooden house, and 26-year-old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor.The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out of the window. When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraid and nervous, put her two legs around him. Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-a nd broke the woman’s fall. She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs. When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse. Doctors talked of turning off the life-saving machine and asked if the family would like to give away his heart. The answer was “yes”.On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin（棺材）—covered with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession（行列）through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.1．After reaching the top of the ladder, Marcus ________.A．was very terrified and anxiousB．was knocked off and got hurtC．found it difficult to get downD．couldn’t see anything clearly2．The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 2 means“________”.A．homeless B．breathlessC．helpless D．senseless3．We can infer from the end of the text that Marcus’ family might feel ________. A．sorrowful but proudB．depressed but excitedC．angry and doubtfulD．worried and surprisedNowadays, people all over the world have various ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over-the-counter（非处方的）medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies（治疗）like herbal tea or chicken soup. However, here is the tough truth about the common cold:nothing really cures it.Then why do people sometimes still believe that their remedies work According to James Taylor, a professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it’s easy to believe it’s medicine rather than time that deserves to be praised, USA Today reported.To many of us, it still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something as common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figuring out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral（抗病毒的）drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw（拼图）, which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can develop an antiviral drug that is effective enough.The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus（鼻病毒）A and B．But they didn’t find out about the existence of a third virus, rhin ovirus C, until 2006. All three of them lead to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B don’t work well when used against C.“This accounts for most of the previous failures of drug trials against Thinovirus,”study leader Professor Ann Palmenberg at University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, told Science Daily.Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don’t really work.4．What does the author think of popular remedies for curing a common cold?A．They are really quite effective.B．They are slightly helpful.C．They still need to be improved.D．They actually don’t work.5．How do antiviral drugs work?A．By identifying the viruses and breaking them up directly.B．By reshaping the top layers of the target cold viruses.C．By attacking the viruses one after another like finishing a jigsaw.D．By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.6．What can we infer from the passage?A．The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.B．Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.C．Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure. D．Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.7．What is the best title for this passage?A．Drugs against cold virusesB．Helpful home remediesC．No current cure for common coldD．Research on cold virusesWhen it comes to modern communication, security is a big concern. It seems like we’re forever hearing about hackers leaking emails, passwords and other important personal information.But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won the 2018 Newcomb Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about our data again. With the cutting-edge technology, a revolutionary satellite called Micius makes the information sent andreceived safer than ever.So what exactly makes the information sent to and from Micius so secure Micius is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution（量子密匙分发）, which uses particles （粒子）that transmit（传输）light to deliver information from one point to another. Currently, it can communicate with two base stations, both of which are located high up in the mountains in two different areas of Tibet, around 1, 200kilometers apart. Data is sent between the satellite and one of the base stations in the form of a ray of light.This makes it almost impossible for data sent and received using quantum satellite technology to be stolen, as the connection will be broken if someone tries to hack it. “Any eavesdropper（偷听者）on the quantum channel attempting to gain information can be found by the communicating users, "the scientists wrote in the paper.However, the technology does have a few limitations. For example, the process only works at night, as the information is n’t able to pass through sunlight. And there’s currently only a 10-minute window each day during which Micius can communicate with each of the base stations, according to Xinhua. This is because the satellite and base station need to be close enough to each other for the information to successfully make it to and from outer space.Despite these small issues, the scientific community across the world has reacted positively to China’s achievements in this groundbreaking project. "This Chinese experiment is a quite remarkable technological achievement, "Artur Ekert, a professor of quantum physics at the University of Oxford, told BBC News.And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, "It’s a witness to China’s investments（投资）and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group has been able to push research in practical quantum communication technologies to such an astronomical height. ”8．Why it is safe to use quantum key distribution to transfer information？A．The connection will fail if it is hacked.B．It makes the base stations close enough.C．It transfers data too fast for it to be stolen.D．The process often takes place at night.9．According to the text, what’s the attitude of the scientific community towards the satellite MiciusA．It remains unclear whether it will be beneficial or not.B．It is really an impressive technological breakthrough.C．It will promote the investment in quantum-related technologies.D．It doesn’t deserve a lot of attention given its limitations.10．What is the main idea of the text？A．The latest security problems of modern communication.B．Micius’ effect on the development of modern technology.C．The wide applications of quantum key distribution in data transition.D．How Micius works to ensure secure communication and its limitations.二、完形填空It had been cloudy, chilly, rainy and gray for three days. It was November. The colorful autumn leaves had reached their 11 and were now falling fast on the hillsides 12 the skinny skeletons of bare trees.I pulled my jacket tighter around me as I walked through the cold winds and 13the leaves flying above the ground. I tried to smile but couldn’t. 14 delightful intentions, the dark, depressing days were upsetting me. As I walked on through the fallen leaves, my 15 slowly got wet. My cold toes didn’t 16 me as much as my damp spirits. My body was tired. My energy was low.17 I felt something warm all of a sudden. A break in the clouds had 18and sunlight was shining through it down to the earth once again. I closed my eyes and turned my face to the sweet 19 . Its warmth washed over me. I 20 and saw the remaining leaves on the trees sparkling in the sunlight. It made their colors even brighter and more beautiful.I felt my 21 rising again as well. I smiled and thanked nature for this every day22 .Those few minutes of light had 23 me with joy. I felt renewed, ready to 24 light and love to the world myself once again. I walked back home 25 to nature and amazed at what a little break in the clouds can do.In our lives here we all 26 times when the world seems cold, dark, and gray. It is in these times when nature 27 us to break through the clouds ourselves and share our light with the world.It doesn’t 28 much either. A simple hug, a kind word, a caring note can warm and uplift another’s spirits. A helping hand, a shared smile, a tiny act of 29 can shine light into another’s heart.When the gray days come t hen don’t just sit in the dark. 30 break through the clouds! Share your love! Let the light shine through you!11．A．peak B．hillsides C．goal D．distance 12．A．lay B．rested C．stood D．sat 13．A．rescued B．packed C．spotted D．recognized 14．A．In addition to B．In spite of C．Instead of D．Due to 15．A．hands B．jacket C．shoes D．hair 16．A．puzzle B．terrify C．please D．bother 17．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Moreover D．However 18．A．recovered B．arisen C．replaced D．escaped 19．A．sunshine B．winds C．rain D．clouds 20．A．looked around B．bent down C．set off D．hung out 21．A．value B．temperature C．excitement D．mood 22．A．appearance B．route C．miracle D．glory 23．A．rewarded B．charged C．treated D．filled 24．A．donate B．sell C．bring D．introduce 25．A．devoted B．grateful C．loyal D．attached 26．A．experience B．record C．understand D．admire 27．A．longs for B．waits for C．depends on D．calls on 28．A．risk B．take C．waste D．save 29．A．wisdom B．love C．duty D．confidence 30．A．Simply B．Slightly C．Rarely D．Gradually第II卷（非选择题）三、七选五Chinese products more popular abroadWhen riding a Mobike in a street, you are likely to hear passers-by speaking Chinese aloud. 31．After entering a store, it’s possible that you’ll see Huawei smartphones for sale. It isn’t referring to a city in China, but Manchester, UK. 32．Indeed, Chinese products have been going global recently.33．But to satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some necessary changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat, ”said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollong ong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with bones in while people here don’t. Therefore, Chinese restaurants serve big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish. ”34．In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones（无人机）are Chinese models, according to China Daily. They’re not only made in China, but designed and developed in the country.In the past, most people in the West thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. 35．“For example, Huawei, one of China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year, ”noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.A．Many Chinese brands are also becoming more and more popular.B．Chinese dishes have been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.C．“Made in China ”has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands. D．Meanwhile, intonational brands are still enjoying great success in China.E．Turning to the right, you may see a Sichuan-style restaurant.F．In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.G．What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands?四、语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。