过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语The final revision was on November 23, 2020过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语★及物动词的过去分词作定语时，一般表被动的和完成的动作；而不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成的动作。
如：Joe always has milk and fried egg for breakfast.How much does the finished product costThe path is covered by fallen leaves.My new neighbour is a seventy-three-year-old retired teacher from?Florida.★单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：You can use fresh or frozen fish.What is the language spoken in that country = What is the language that is spoken in that countryThe play put on by the teachers was a big success. = The play that had been put on by the teachers was a big success.注意：★如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。
如：There isn't anything left in that desk.★过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号隔开。
如：Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. = Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. 【拓展】done, to be done和being done作定语的区别：它们都可作定语，表示被动意义，但时间含义上有所不同。
何韦(语法)过去分词作定语和表语
e.g.：How I regretted the hours
wasted in the woods!
e.g.： I like this kind of
wcleoathri．ng
clothes
made
of
e.g.：The books written by Mo Yan are popular．
e.hg.u：ndWreed’sllogfoyteoarvsisaitgtoh．e bridge built
She looked w_o_rr_ied.
IHaemw—ainstl_e—or_sets—itnedthinouthghetb. ook. The door remained l_oc_k_ed_.
• •
TThheeystgoortym—isa—erxrcieitdinfigv.eYyoeuaarsreage_xo_c. it_ed
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger 一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有 被动意义。
e.g. : spoken English英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的 不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
• We were __b_o_r_e_d_(bore) at the football V-ginagm作e. 表语修饰物，翻译为“令人感到---”
V-ed 作表语修饰人，翻译为“感到---”P(17)
1. As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
语法-过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语Q：神马是动词的过去分词？A：①②一、过去分词作定语。
①动词的过去分析作定语的意义；a respected guest a risen suna retired worker the broken glassconclusion: 过去分词作定语的意义是表& 。
②动词的过去分析作定语的位置；fallen leaves retired workers the risen sunThe computer centre, opened last year, is very popular among young people.The bridge built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.conclusion: 单个的过去分词作定语，往往放在被修饰的名词的；过去分词短语往往放在被修饰的名词的。
翻译下列短语或句子：一个被宠坏的孩子：一次有组织的旅行：交通事故造成的死亡：一本被英语老师写的书：③过去分词作定语与定语从句的关系。
We all like the lectures that are given by Mr. Song.=>We all like the lectures given by Mr. Song.译：The bridge which was built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.=> The bridge built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.译：conclusion：把定语从句中的和省去之后，便成为了；因此过去分词短语与定语从句可以。
把下列定语从句变为过去分词短语作定语,并翻译。
①Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last year.②Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.③Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.④The United States is a country which has developed.⑤He told us the great wrong which had been done to him.⑥We must keep a secret of the things which is being discussed here.⑦Please tell me the subjects which will be discussed at the next meeting.EXERCISE:1.一直迷路的羊2.英语口语3.一名退休的教师4.发达国家5.鲁迅写的书很受欢迎PRACTICE：1.I found this plate on the floor. The plate was broken in pieces.2.I looked at that modern abstract(抽象的) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens.3.Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.4.She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests.5.On the doorstep I found a lot of bottled. They were marked in green ink.6.We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked.二、过去分词作表语。
过去分词作定语、表语考点透析
——The key ________ the problem is to meet the demand ________ by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve; made
The window is broken. （状态）
The window was broken by Tom. （动作）
实战演练：
1. The water in this glass is too hot. I prefer some cold ________ water.
A. having written B. to be written
C. being written D. written
10. ——How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
A. pleasing B. please
C. pleased D. to please
7. Prices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. published
B. was published
C. having publi. The great hall was crowded with many people, ________ many children ________ on their parents’ laps.
过去分词作定语和表语
如果遇到复杂的句子结构，可以先简化句子，找出主干部分，再逐步添加 其他成分。
THANKS
表示状态、性质或特征描述
状态描述
过去分词可以表示主语所处的 状态，如“The window is
broken.”（窗户破了。）中 的“broken”表示窗户的状态。
性质描述
过去分词可以描述主语的性质， 如“She is interested in
music.”（她对音乐感兴趣。） 中的“interested”表示她的 性质。
01
观察句子结构，确定过去分词 短语在句中的作用，是作为定 语还是表语。
02
如果是定语，需要判断其与所 修饰名词之间的关系，主动关 系用现在分词，被动关系用过 去分词。
03
如果是表语，需要注意与主语 的逻辑关系，以及时态和语态 的一致性。
技巧二：注意时态、语态和主谓一致问题
在使用过去分词作定语或表语时，需要注意句子的时态和语态，确保过去 分词的形式与句子的时态和语态相符。
在使用过去分词时，需要结合具体的语境进行判断。通过分析上下文语境和逻辑关系，可以更准 确地理解句子的意思并选择合适的表达方式。
06
实战演练与技巧分享
练习题：识别并改正错误使用过去分词现象
错题1
The book, written by a famous writer, are very popular.
05
常见误区及注意事项
混淆现在分词与过去分词形式
要点一
误将现在分词用作定语
现在分词具有主动意义，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动作 同时发生，而过去分词则表示被动或完成意义。因此，在 需要表示被动或完成意义时，应使用过去分词而非现在分 词。
必修5_unit1_过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
必修五Unit1过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词具有的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，在句中可以作、、状语和补足语。
定语——在句中修饰词或词的成分。
表语——是谓语的一部分，位于系动词之后，说明主语身份、特征或状态。
1. a retired teacher （）一位退休的教师2. an honored guest （）一位受尊敬的客人3. The library is now closed. （）图书馆现在关门了。
4. You seem frightened. （）你看样子受了惊吓。
一、过去分词作定语修饰名词或代词1、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面.encouraged people are excited.2. The broken cup is thrown away.3. I want to write stories about people addicted to drugs.4. We are studying in a school built 70 years ago.2、有些过去分词作前置定语和后置定语时意义不同。
in the given time （）with the words given（）a concerned look （）the people concerned（）a wanted person （）workers wanted （）3、过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.Nothing reported (in the newspaper) interested him.使用过去分词作定语要注意：(1)及物动词（vt.）的过去分词，既表示被动意思又表示动作的完成；不及物动词（vi.）的过去分词只表示动作的完成。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
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Anyone invited to watch Olympics will 任何一个被
邀请的人
feel excited.
注意2
The ground is
covered with
fallen ______leaves. eg: retired workers the risen flag
V-ing 与V-ed 作定语的区别
Today is sep11th, 11 years ago today, a
piece of frightening news hit the world.
Terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the
Pentagon(五角大楼) in America. Now this ruined place has been replaced by a more beautiful building. But people still feel frightened thinking of that terrible
He comes from a developed country, America. (发达的)
He comes from America, which is a developed country ___________________.
八金王菲尔普斯
Practice 1 回首北京 The 29th Olympics (在北京举办的) held in Beijing
系动词也有多种形式 become, seem, be, remain, stay 等。
高考曾考过： 1. Please remain _____ until the plane has come to a
complete stop.(07年山东卷)
A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated
Practice4总结篇
Practice4总结篇
London, once _1_ the city of fog(雾都), now isn’t covered
with _2_ air any longer. There are many humorous stars in England. Handou is one of them. I’m sure you have been _3_ by his performance at the opening ceremony. 1. A. calling 3. A. amuse B. called B. amuses C. to call D. to be called
Practice 1 回首北京
This is the well-known bird’s nest. (著名的) This is the bird’s nest,
which is well-known.
过去分词作定语的作用相当于一个 定语从句 __________.
Practice 1 回首北京
were spoken highly of by people. which were held The 29th Olympics, _______________ in Beijing _________, were spoken highly of. The opening ceremony （由张艺谋 directed by
执导的 ） ZhangYimou was a great success.
The opening ceremony, which was directed by _____________________________, ZhangYimou, is a great success.
注意1 如果被修饰的词是everything/ something /anyone/nobody/ someone 等不定代词或指 示代词，即使一个单个的过去分词，也要 放在被修饰词的后面。 eg： 一些不为 something unknown about Olympics
找出红色字体中的五个错误，并改正。
Compared with Beijing Olympics, 30th Olympics holding in held London left us more regret. We could do nothing to the hurdle knocked down by LiuXiang; ChenYibing, treated unfairly by treating the referees (裁判), got a silver medal with his perfect
London.
.
定语 V-ed 作_____ 的位置与意义 an honored athlete Broken wings（翅膀） will fly higher some day.
Bolt, admired by all runners, shocked the world again. WangHao, beaten by ZhangJike, has taken part in Olympics for three times. 被动 后置 完成 后面 前置 前面 动词的过去分词作定语，表示______ 和______。 单个的动词过去分词作定语，放在被修饰词_____, 叫做_____定语；动词短语作定语，放在被修饰词 _____, 叫做______ 定语。
2. A. polluting B. being polluted C. polluted D. to pollute
C. amusing D. amused
I’d like to learn samba(桑巴舞). You can see _2_ people in
every corner of Rio de Janeiro (里约热内卢). Four years later, happiness _2_ by Olympics will make the city more lively. I want to be a volunteer then. Join me, and you won’t feel _3_. 1. A. dancing B. danced C. dance D. to be danced 2. A. bring B. brought
performance; some mistakes made by the host city made us
disappointed … Anyhow, 88 medals winning by Chinese won athletes and their good manners inspired all Chinese . Look at the cheering fans, they feel proud of Chinese athletes. There is cheered no doubt that China has become NO1 in sports体味伦敦 among
Practice 2
developed developing countries. We are sure we Chinese will behave better in Rio de Janeiro (里约热内卢). Practice 2 体味伦敦
excited
Practice3 展望里约热内卢
history museum as well. A. considering B. considers C. to consider D considered
2. A. built
B. build
C. to be built
D. building
D. interesting
3. A. interest B. interests C. interested
Find out the predictive(表语) in this short passage. crowded with celebrating people disappointed
Brazilians become excited, because
they will hold the 31th Olympics. The street is crowded with celebrating people. Meanwhile, people in America seem a little disappointed. 过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。此时 其被动意味很弱，相当于一个形容词。常用来作表 语的过去分词有：interested, excited, disappointed, delighted, discouraged, amused, tired, surprised, pleased, satisfied, worried, upset, seated等。
Broken wings(翅膀) will fly higher some day.
WangHao, beaten by ZhangJike, has taken part in Olympics for three times.
Usain St.Leo Bolt, admired by all
runners, shocked the world again in
scene. We should not forget the people
killed by terrorists. Wish them a happy
life in the heaven!
Miss Li
你未痊愈我不敢老 丘索维金娜为儿子治病上赛
an honored athlete 一位受到尊重的运动员
Brazilians become excited, because