专四辅导 状语从句adverbial clauses 1026
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状语从句Adverbial-clauses
as引导的时间状语从句中的动词既可以是延续 性的（此时as=when /while)也可以是瞬 间性的（此时as=when ) ；表示一个较长 的时间背景。如：
As / When they opened the door , Marie said ,”Don’t light the lamp, look!”
I’ll give him your message the minute he arrives.
“一…就…”之no sooner… than…, hardly/ scarcely/ barely…when…
从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。
当no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
law. 无论你去哪都要遵守法律。
地点状语从句也可以由anywhere, everywhere引导.
I’ll take you anywhere you like.
Everywhere he goes, he is warmly welcomed.
原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as , now that ,considering等
because, since, as的区别:
because—直接原因 – 通常放句首．译为“既然”
as– 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。
I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.
昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。
我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.
【绝对精品】英语语法19-状语从句-Adverbial Clause
3
Relative adverbs can be used as subordinators to introduce adverbial clauses.
Examples
• Whenever I met with any difficulty, he came to my help. • Where there is a will, there is a way. • You must do the exercises as I show you. • As there was no answer, I wrote again. • He had overslept, so that he was late for work. • They climbed to the top of the building in order that they could get a bird’s-eye view of the city. • In case it rains, we won’t be able to go there on foot. • Rich as he is, Mr. Johnson is by no means a happy man.
1 Do not confuse the logic relationship between clauses.
2) He died in a traffic accident, and he had just reached the age of 73.
Revised: He died in a traffic accident just after he had reached the age of 73.
• Nuclear plants are a clean and economical way of producing vast amounts of much-needed energy, if
语法复习Adverbial Clauses(状语从句)
VII. until (till) (up to the time that) 1)He will not go to bed until(till) his mother comes. 2)Until she told me, I had no idea of what they had said. 3)It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed.(强调结构）
II.since 1)Since you are ill, you’d better go to see the doctor. 2)Since you do not understand, I will explain again. III.as 1)As she was late for class, she had to say sorry. 2)As Jane was the oldest in this family, she had to look after the others.
2.They must stay in school by the time _________they are sixteen. before 3.Take the medicine _________you go to bed.
until 4.I knew nothing about it _______he told me.
Adverbial Clauses -语法要点
• 状语可用来修饰谓语动词、形容词、整个 句子等等，状语主要由副词或与之相当的 其他词类、短语或从句担任，下面主要讲 述状语语从句，及状语从句中的注意事项。
Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses:
状语从句Adverbial Clauses
间
状
语
从
句
Mr. Thompson is going to sell it because it because 用来回答 why 的 is haunted.L47 问题，语气最强一般放在 问题， 主句之后 Since light travels faster than sound, since 表示既然或全已知 people appear bright until you hear them 的理由,稍加分析即可表明 的理由 稍加分析 稍加分析即可表明 speak. 的原因,多放句首 的原因 多放句首
that
目 的 状 语 从 句
I shall write down your telephone number 目 的 状 语 从 句 中 常 用 that I may not forget. 情态动词 may (might) 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 can (could) ,should 等 We’ll tell you the truth so that you can 放在动词之前，从句往 放在动词之前， so that 往放在主句之后， judge for yourself. 往放在主句之后，主从 我把真实情况告诉你， 我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判 句 之 间 不 用 任 何 标 点 符号 断。 in order They worked harder than usual in order that that they could finish the work ahead of time . 他们比往常更加努力工作， 他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完 lest = for 成工作。 成工作。 fear that Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold. 多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 so that We turned up the radio, so that everyone so that 前有逗号为结果 heard the news. 状语从句。 状语从句。 我们把收音机的音量放大， 我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了 so…that 的 so 后面跟形 … 新闻。 容词或副词。 新闻。 容词或副词。 so…that The ball struck him so hard that he … nearly fell into the water.L30 … The men got such a fright that they such…that 的 such 后面 … dropped the bag and ran away.L44 跟名词， 跟名词，如果名词是单 It is such an interesting novel that all of us 数就要用 such a /an… … want to read it. that 还可以转换用 so… … It is so interesting a novel that all of us that，语气较强 ， want to read it. 这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 例 句 说 明
Adverbial Clauses(状语从句)
c.在because引导的从句中，如果主句为否定句，而 主句和后面的从句之间又没有逗号分开，这时not 修饰的是后面的整个从句。 The machine did not stop because the fuel was used up. You should not despise a man because he is poor. 如果主句和从句之间用逗号分开，那么意思就 不同了。 I was not kind to him, because he was rude.
3)某些表示时间的名词短语引导的时间状语从句 某些表示时间的名词词组如: the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, any time, last (first) time, next time, each time, every time等也可用来引导 时间状语从句。 Every time I met him, I found him to be taller. You can call me any time you want to. The last time I went to the United States, I visited many cities. The instant the result came out, she told us. The moment he saw me, he turned pale.
b.在since引导的时间状语从句中，从句通常 用过去式，主句则要用完成时。 She has never called on me since she moved to the country. 注：当since作副词或介词用时，谓语动 词也通常用现在完成式。 His first book was a great success and he has been famous as a writer ever since. I have been in the business since 1988
Adverbial_Clause
表示某事发生的过程中另一事发生。 ➢ 当表示时间的推移时，一般用as引导时间状
语从句。 as还用于原因状语从句，比较状语从句，方
式状语从句及让步状语从句的倒装句等。
after, before
after和before表示主从句的谓语动词有明显的时间先后发生。 e.g. She had two hours to kill before she could be
since还用于原因状语从句。
since
若主句表示“已经有……时间”时，可以用 一般时。即： It is + (一段时间) + since + (一般过去时) It was + (一段时间) + since + (过去完成时)
e.g. How long is it since you were in London? It was years since we had met last.
when从句中的谓语动词可以是表示瞬间的，如get up, arrive, etc.，且主从句的动作可以表示短暂的 时间差。
when与be about to do连用时，表示“刚要…… 就……”
此外，while还可以引导让步状语从句和对比状语 从句。
as 表示“当……”，“随着……”
表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生，可以与 when替换。(不作重点)
C. when
D. until
9. ___ time goes by, the mobile has become essential part of every
youngster’s life.
A. When B. With
C. As
D. While
语从句。 as还用于原因状语从句，比较状语从句，方
式状语从句及让步状语从句的倒装句等。
after, before
after和before表示主从句的谓语动词有明显的时间先后发生。 e.g. She had two hours to kill before she could be
since还用于原因状语从句。
since
若主句表示“已经有……时间”时，可以用 一般时。即： It is + (一段时间) + since + (一般过去时) It was + (一段时间) + since + (过去完成时)
e.g. How long is it since you were in London? It was years since we had met last.
when从句中的谓语动词可以是表示瞬间的，如get up, arrive, etc.，且主从句的动作可以表示短暂的 时间差。
when与be about to do连用时，表示“刚要…… 就……”
此外，while还可以引导让步状语从句和对比状语 从句。
as 表示“当……”，“随着……”
表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生，可以与 when替换。(不作重点)
C. when
D. until
9. ___ time goes by, the mobile has become essential part of every
youngster’s life.
A. When B. With
C. As
D. While
Adverbialclause状语从句概要
4. I left immediately the clock struck 5.
5. On hearing the news, he cried.
6. On his arrival at the classroom, the teacher came in .
7. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。 如：
We waited until/till he came. 2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为
肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：
He won’t go to bed till/until she returns. 3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：
状语从句
1. 概念 ： 在句中作状语用的从句叫状语从句。
2. 作用： 状语从句可修饰谓语、非谓 语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
3. 引导词 ：引导状语从句的一般为连 词，也可有词组。
4. 位置 ： 状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中 或句末。
5. 分类： 时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、 条件 、让步、方式、比较等九种。
一 、 时间状语从句
When 的用法
1. When 既可以引导一个持续性动作，又可引导 一个短暂性动作；既可引导时间点又可引导时间 段
时间段；延续性
I was thin when I was a child.
The film had been on when we arrived.
时间点；短暂性动作
• __C____ it is possible to test this medicine on
Adverbial Clauses 状语从句
目的
结果 条件 让步 比较 方式
if, unless, as (so) long as,
though/although, even if / though, whatever,
as…as, so…as, than, the more…the more as, as if/ though, just as
③.引导让步状语从句. “虽然”(though/although ) While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you.
when 除表示 “当…时候”外，还有“正在那时 (突然)，这时(突然)”。常用下列句型： was /were doing A when… 正在 A突然… was/ were about to do A when…正要A突然… had just done A when … 刚A突然就… e.g. I was about to leave home when the telephone rang. I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived when Susan caught up with me. (这 时)
2. 连接词+现在分词 While travelling home on the underground, I saw three tough guys enter my almost empty carriage. She waits outside the door as if waiting for someone.
until
1. until / till “直到……止”(肯定句，主句是延 续性动词); 2. not…until “直到……才”(否定句，主句是终 止性动词); 3. until 可用于倒装句和强调句，till不用于句首。 eg. Wait until you are called. Not until I returned did she finish her homework. (部分倒装) It was not until I returned home that she finished her homework. (It 强调句)
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原因状语
nce（now that）, as, for， because: 回答why的时候用because I want to do it by myself because I like it. Since:既然，表示对方已经知道的事实或理由 Since no one is against it, we’ll pass it. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class. As: as he has no car, he stayed at home. For: The day breaks, for the birds are singing. Because, since, as, for: because 语气最重，其次是since, as； for一般不表示原因，而表示理由，进一步说明，是 一个并列连词，但易与上述三个连词混淆。
I opened the window so that fresh air might come in. I opened the window so that fresh air came in. In order that: she raised her voice loud in order that/so that she might be heard. Rise raise, The sun rises in the sky. Raise your heads She raised her voice so loud that she might be heard.
1，时间状语
引导时间状语的词和词组有 当…的时候 When, while, as, 截止到…. by the time 之前，之后 before, after, 一 … 就 as soon as, no sooner… than, hardly…when, scarcely… when, 自… 以来 since, ever since 每次 each / every time 无论何时whenever , no matter when 一旦once 直到，直到… 才till , not until
地点状语
引导词 where and wherever Go where you want to go . Go to the place where you want to go Where there is a will, there is a way. You’d better make a mark where you have any questions. Wherever Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
目的，结果状语
目的状语 引导词：that, so that, so…that, in order that 结果状语引导词：(so) that, so…that, such…that, so much/many …that So that and so….that So that和so…that都可以引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句，当 他们引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语里常有can, could, may, might, will, would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时则没有这些 词，而且从内容上看，主句和他们引导的结果状语从句有因果关 系，主句为因，从句为果。 I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me. He ran slowly so that I caught up with him. He always studied so hard that he may make great progress. He always studied so hard that he made great progress.
As soon as, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when
The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star. As soon as I arrive my office, I will mail you the files you need. No sooner had the fans seen the movie star than they cried. The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried.
方式状语
Whenever, no matter when, every/each time, once
Whenever/no matter when I feel depressed, I think of him. Each/ every time when I feel depressed, I think of him. Whenever / No matter when I see this picture, I think of my hometown. Each time/every time I see this picture, I think of my hometown. Once you understand the rules of the game, you’ll enjoy it. Once you begin, you should go on.
Before and by the time 的用法
It is /was (not) + time +before +clause (没)用了 多长时间,就 …… It was not long before I forget it all. It was long/one year before she came home. It will not be long before we meet again. By the time I arrived, the goods had already been delivered. They had stopped serving meals by the time we got to the restaurant. We will have graduated by next September. We have finished supper by the time she comes.
状语从句
Debbie
总共有几种状语？ 时间/地点/原因/条件/目的/结果/让步/方式 状语一般由连词引导，也可以由词组引导，有 时不需要连词而直接和主语连接起来.状语从 句最主要的是看主句和从句的逻辑关系，然后 选用合适的连接词或词组，状语从句的引导词 没有成分嵌套的关系。 Though he is young, he has achieved great success. When he came into the room, all the students stared at him.
让步状语
引导词：though, although, even if, however, whatever, whoever, whichever, no matter Though and although: Although/though he is quiet old. He still jogs everyday. Though / although he is young, he knows a lot. Even if and even though: You should try to be nice to him, even though you don’t like him. Even if/even though I have to sell my house, I’ll keep my business going. Even though/even if it is raining, we’ll go.
As/so long as: As /so long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty. You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the station on time.
So…that and such… that
So + adj./adv.+ that; such + n. + that; The weather is so nice that all of us want to go to the park. It is such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. She is so clever a girl that the teachers like her very much. She is such a clever girl that the teachers like her very much. 当many, few, much, little 作为修饰词时,当可数名词前有 不可数名 词前有 修饰时，只能用以下 so many (few, much, little)+名词 +that 这种搭配。 I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. Mr. Green has so little money that he was unable to buy anything. There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any. He had so much homework to do that he had to decide not to see the film that night.