学术英语课后翻译答案

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学术英语社科第二版课后答案pdf

学术英语社科第二版课后答案pdf

学术英语社科第二版课后答案pdf1、( ) --------Please take my seat here.-------- __________________________. [单选题]*A. That is nice of you(正确答案)B. I think it is my seatC. No, you sit hereD. I don’t think it’s a good seat.2、--Shall we have a swim?--Yes, let’s _______ it at 9:00 next Sunday. [单选题] *A. putB. meetC. setD. make(正确答案)3、1.I saw ________ action film with my friend yesterday, and ________ film was amazing. [单选题] *A.a...aB.a...theC.an...the(正确答案)D.an...a4、52.I'm happy to ________ a birthday card from an old friend. [单选题] *A.buyB.makeC.loseD.receive(正确答案)5、Its’time to go to bed. _______ your computer, please. [单选题] *A. Turn onB. Turn inC. Turn off(正确答案)D. Turn down6、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] *A. What is not yet knownB. It is not yet known(正确答案)C. As is not yet knownD. This is not yet known7、78.According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday()people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)8、I’ve _______ a job interview today. [单选题] *A. haveB. had(正确答案)C. hasD. have gone to9、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach10、The market economy is quickly changing people’s idea on_____is accepted. [单选题] *A.what(正确答案)B.whichC.howD.that11、25.A watch is important in our life. It is used for ______ the time. [单选题] * A.telling (正确答案)B.sayingC.speakingD.holding12、( ) The Great Wall was listed by the UNESCO as ___ World Heritage Site. [单选题]*A. a(正确答案)B. theC.\D.an13、Yesterday I _______ a book.It was very interesting. [单选题] *A. lookedB. read(正确答案)C. watchedD. saw14、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy15、English is very important in our daily life. Never _______. [单选题] *A. give up itB. give it up(正确答案)C. give away itD. give it away16、Mary is interested ______ hiking. [单选题] *A. onB. byC. in(正确答案)D. at17、We sent our children to school to prepare them for the time _____ they will have to work for themselves. [单选题] *A. thatB. when(正确答案)C. whileD. as18、Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and _______ is noisy. [单选题] *A. anotherB. the other(正确答案)C. othersD. other19、--Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?--I like potatoes best. [单选题] *A. fruitB. vegetable(正确答案)C. drinkD. meat20、_______ your help, I can’t finish my job. [单选题] *A. withB. without(正确答案)C. inD. into21、—How do you find()birthday party of the Blairs? —I should say it was __________ complete failure.[单选题] *A.a; aB. the ; a(正确答案)C.a; /D.the; /22、His handwriting is better than _____. [单选题] *A. mine(正确答案)B. myC. ID. me23、Can I _______ your order now? [单选题] *A. makeB. likeC. giveD. take(正确答案)24、You can _______ Bus 116 to get there. [单选题] *A. byB. take(正确答案)C. onD. in25、Can you tell me how the accident _______? [单选题] *A. came about(正确答案)B. came backC. came downD. came from26、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustB. WouldC. May(正确答案)D. Need27、—Do you like to watch Hero?—Yes. I enjoy ______ action movies. ()[单选题] *A. watchB. watching(正确答案)C. to watchD. watches28、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why29、48.—________ is your new skirt, Lingling?—Black. [单选题] * A.HowB.What colour(正确答案)C.WhichD.Why30、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding。

《学术英语》(理科)课后答案(完整版)

《学术英语》(理科)课后答案(完整版)

ContentsUnit 1 – Astronomy (2)Part I: Pre-listening (2)Part II: While Listening (2)Text A: Fun Facts about Astronomy (2)Text B: Shenzhou-10 Mission (3)Part III: After Listening (3)Part IV: Homework (3)Unit 2 – Biology (4)Part I: Pre-listening (4)Part II: While Listening (4)Text A: Secret of Life (4)Text B: Animal Intelligence (5)Part III: After Listening (5)Part IV: Homework (5)Unit 3 – Psychology (6)Part I: Pre-listening (6)Part II: While Listening (6)Text A: Discovering Psychology (6)Text B: Liespotting (7)Part III: After Listening (7)Part IV: Homework (7)Unit 4 – Geography (8)Part I: Pre-listening (8)Part II: While Listening (8)Text A: What Is Geography? (8)Text B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World (9)Part III: After Listening (9)Part IV: Homework (9)Unit 5 – Economy (sic) (10)Part I: Pre-listening (10)Part II: While Listening (10)Text A: The Blue Economy (10)Text B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational asOurs (11)Part III: After Listening (11)Part IV: Homework (11)Unit 6 – Physics (12)Part I: Pre-listening (12)Part II: While Listening (12)Text A: What Is Physics? (12)Text B: Science of Figure Skating (13)Part III: After Listening (13)Part IV: Homework (13)Unit 7 – Computer Science (14)Part I: Pre-listening (14)Part II: While Listening (14)Text A: Computer Software (14)Text B: Computer Science Advice forStudents (15)Part III: After Listening (15)Part IV: Homework (15)Unit 8 – Chemistry (16)Part I: Pre-listening (16)Part II: While Listening (16)Text A: The History of DiscoveringElements (16)Text B: The Periodic Table of Elements (17)Part III: After Listening (17)Part IV: Homework (17)Unit 1 – AstronomyPart I: Pre-listeningC: Listening Exercise1. D – Mars.2. C – For finding their way across hugeareas of ocean.3. C – Almost every ancient culture knewof these five mysteries.4. A – Saturn, Jupiter, Venus, Mercury andMars.5. C – The study of stars.Part II: While ListeningText A: Fun Facts about Astronomy Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Two branches: (1) observationalastronomy and (2) theoreticalastronomy.2.Aspects: fun facts about (3) the sun(4) the moon(5) the stars(6) the planetsExercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingThe better notes are _A_, because:1.Good notes should consist of keywordsor very short sentences, not every word.e abbreviations and symbols thatmake sense to you can help you writedown notes quickly.3.Leave space between topics or ideas soyou can scan the page more easily later. Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Mercury is the (1) second smallestplanet in the solar system and has (2)no moon. It can get as hot as (3) 800 °Cand cold as (4) 300 °C below zero. Oneyear on Mercury is equal to (5) 88 dayson Earth.2.Venus is the only planet that rotatesfrom (6) east to west. A year on thisplanet is equal to (7) 225 days on Earth.3.Earth is nearly (8) 93 million miles awayfrom the sun. It takes about (9) 16million horsepower to break the Earth’sgravitational pull.4.According to scientists, in around (10) 5billion years, a day on Earth will be (11)48 hours long and somewhere duringthat time the sun will explode.5.The planet Neptune was discoveredmore than (12) 150 years ago in 1846,and since then it still has to complete anorbit around the sun, as one Neptuneyear equals to (13) 165 Earth years.6.Pluto’s size is very small which madescientists demote it to a (14) dwarfplanet status.Text B: Shenzhou-10 MissionExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.June 24th.2.China hasn’t set up a permanent spacestation.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.blasted off2.docked3.conduct experiments4.June 20th5.gave a lecture6. a manual docking procedure7.spoke8.two-way video link9.flew around10.the modulePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.supremacy2.gesture3.vowed4.hostile5.decade6.mission7.spotted8.It was five kilometers from base andthey were running dangerously short oftime9.The orange soil looked like evidence ofrecent volcanic activity 10.In just half an hour, Schmitt and Cernangathered all the orange soil they couldlay hands onUnit 2 – BiologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.Hummingbird (c); Marmoset (a); Ostrich(d); Sloth (b); Venus flytrap (g); Cheetah(f); Bamboo (h); Rafflesia (e)2.as sly as a fox; as timid as a hare; ascheerful as a lark; as silly as a goose; asgreedy as a wolf; as proud as a peacock;as strong as a horse; as brave as a lion;as gentle as a lamb; as stubborn as amule; as busy as a bee; as blind as a bat C: Listening Exercise1. D – Hostess and guest.2. B – Genetically modified organism.3. A – Corns with a 4-digit PLU code.4. C – Because there is no proof that GMfoods are safe.5. C – From PLU code on the produce. Part II: While ListeningText A: Secret of LifeExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.nucleus2.mush3.membranes4.protein5.energy6.chromosomesExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.frogspawn2.divide and divide3.replicating4.specialize5.body parts6.true of us7. a single cell8.two fundamental rules of life9.made of cells10.other cells11.what life wasExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.17th2.Robert Hooke3.microscope4.snowflakes5.natural fibers6.mid-19th7.resurfaced8.well-engineered9.exposeText B: Animal IntelligenceExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – To prove that dolphins are thinkingspecies.2. C – Self-awareness.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.True2.Not Given3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.reacting2.another dolphin3.back and forward4.testing to see5.the same things6.neck stretches7.marked part8. a mirror9. a toolPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.filtered sunlight2.fade3.sensitive4.evaporate5.pebbles6.moist7.snippers8.start up9.indestructible10.raise alarm11.a shadier location 12.polluted water13.reddish14.decaying or mushy15.indoor environmentsUnit 3 – PsychologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic2.1-d, 2-a, 3-f, 4-g, 5-c, 6-e, 7-h, 8-b C: Listening Exercise1. B – He has just moved to a new place.2. A – He should take Fido to the vet.3. D – He will put his dog on medication.4. A – Dog emotions are quite similar tothe emotions of humans.5. C – Harry is an expert on brain scienceof humans and dogs.Part II: While ListeningText A: Discovering Psychology Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.behavior of individuals2.mental processes3.dispositional factors4.situational factors5.experimental psychology laboratory6.Principles of PsychologyExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.sci entific study2.res earch3.pred ict & (ctrl) control behav ior4.gene tic5.att itudes, ment al6.sens ory stimul ation7.rew ards, act ionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.18792.Germany3.first experimental psychologylaboratory4.18836.first American psychological laboratory7.18909.psychological text10.Principles of PsychologyText B: LiespottingExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – He peppered his account with alittle too much detail.2. B – A fake smile will betray a liar. Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.Not Given2.False3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.lower2.pause3.pepper4.detail5.chronological6.backwards7.words8.gesturesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.signs of the condition2.low levels of light3.severe form4.thoughts of death or suicide5.designed6.sleep7.active8.sugary water9.more depressed10.least11.blue and white light12.dim red 13.signals14.natural sleep-wake cycle15.recommendation16.exposure17.bluish18.reddishUnit 4 – GeographyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.a. 4.5 to 4.6 billion yearsb.149,597,870 kmc.384,403.1 kmd.Mt. Everest, Asia: 8844.43 me.Dead Sea: -422 mf.Mariana Trench, Western PacificOcean: 11,034 mg.56.7°C (Greenland Ranch in DeathValley, California, July 10, 1913)h.-89.2°C (Vostok, Antarctica, July 21,1983)2.1-a; 2-c; 3-f; 4-b; 5-e; 6-d; 7-gC: Listening Exercise1. D – New Zealand.2. C – The south of the country can bewarm in summer.3. C – A map showing geographicalfeatures.4. B – The coverage of oceans.5. C – She wants to know more aboutgeography.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Geography?Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Cultural geography focusing on peopleand cultures.2.Physical geography focusing on planetEarth. Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingFive these of geographyA. LocationB. PlaceC. Human-environment Interaction1. Humans depend on the environment2. Humans modify the environment3. Humans adapt to the environmentD. MovementE. Region1. Formal regions2. Functional regions3. Vernacular regionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.earth2.to write3.climates4.plant and animal distributionputerized mapping6.data analysisText B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. A – Because it matches the legend ofthe axis of the world.2. D – Because it is the most importantpilgrimage site in Tibet.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not Given4.False5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.pilgrimage site2.Buddha’s e nlightenment3.newly dressed altar4.prayer flags5.end up straight6.wind horsesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.233 countries2. a bit ambiguous3.semi-presidential republic4.6,592,800 square miles5.northern part of Asia6.11 different time zones7.climate conditions8.energy and minerals9.greatest forest reserves10.unfrozen freshwater11.ninth most populous12.lungs of Europe13.by volume 14.780 species of birds15.third largest economy16.fastest aging country17.Three Gorges Dam18.at a country’s disposalUnit 5 – Economy (sic)Part I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topicpete with one another; positive; aninvisible hand2. a long time; stall along the wayC: Listening Exercise1. B – He is interested in making modelboats.2. C – She is considerate and thoughtful.3. A – It will help children learn the valueof money.4. D – He will give Jacky a regularallowance soon.5. D – Saving money for larger costs willhelp children learn how to budget. Part II: While ListeningText A: The Blue EconomyExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.expensive2.not smart3.creative4.healthy and happy5.what we did not know we have Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.healthy and naturalanic3.solar energy4.biodegradable5.palm oil6.destroy the rain forest7.subsidies8.tax moneypete with food10.damaging the climate11.expensive12.not smartExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Not Given2.True3.False4.TrueText B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational as OursExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – When they are facing a loss.2. A – People are irrational because theywant to make more money.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.10002.10003.04.5005.Play it safe6.20007.10008.09.50010.Take a riskExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.different directions2.good or not3.switch4.loss mindset5.risky6.worrying7.losing stocks longer8.sell their housePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.economic prosperity2.support strengthening3.premier forum4.lowering tariffs5.non-discriminatory6.greater participation7.integrated economic community8.critical energy sector9.interconnectivity10.renewablepletion of negotiations12.far-reaching trade agreement13.rules-based and high-standard14.mere short term15.multilaterial and bilateral partnershipsUnit 6 – PhysicsPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-f; 2-b; 3-e; 4-d; 5-g; 6-a; 7-h; 8-c C: Listening Exercise1. B – They are doing a physicalexperiment.2. C – Six.3. D – Judy helped to pinch the balloontight.4. B – Mike is very smart.5. A – They pumped some gas into theballoon.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Physics?Exercise 1 – Global UnderstandingTwo categories of physics:(1) Classical physics(2) Modern physicsMain purposes of learning physics:(1) To understand the world around people(2) To explain the universe at large Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.Definition2.motion of matter3.space and time4.energy5.force6.effects7.philosophy8.world9.classical10.modern11.Applications12.electromagnetism13.mechanics14.quantum physics Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.matter moves2.object attraction3.heat and energy4.mass-energy5.space-time6.electric chargesText B: Science of Figure Skating Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – The science of figure skating.2. D – All of the above.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.False3.True4.Not Given5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.action and reaction2.vertical velocity3.velocity4.higher5.spin6.extended7.slowly8.closer9.faster10.following11.Conservation of Angular Momentum Part III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.powered by sun light2.20153.63 meters across4.200 square meters5.cells6.140 kilometers7.8,500 meters8.stops9.20 to 2510.autopilot 11.goal12.appliancesUnit 7 – Computer SciencePart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-Wechat; 2-MSN; 3-Tencent QQ; 4-Sina Microblog; 5-Renren Network; 6-Instagram2.MSN, Tencent QQ, Renren Network,Sina MNicroblog, Instagram, Wechat C: Listening Exercise1. D – A research on the applications ofcomputers and Internet.2. C – Playing computer games.3. B – Computers can help edit jobapplication documents.4. C – Online shopping has become anessential part of our life.5. A – People may be cheated by someoneonline.Part II: While ListeningText A: Computer SoftwareExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – Software programs and theoperating system.2. B – A set of instructions that tells thecomputer what to do.Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.most of us don’t speak the ir language2.is like a translator3.the computer what to do4.personalized5.Mac6.Linux7.Operating system8.Software programs9. a computer store10.download from the InternetExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.True2.FalseAn operating system can cover thebasics from saving files to fixingproblems.3.FalseYou can get computer software from acomputer store or download them fromthe Internet without the help ofcomputer engineers4.FalseSoftware programs can makecomputers personalized5.TrueText B: Computer Science Advice for StudentsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – Advice for students on computerscience.2. A – Computer science is highlyinteractive.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.True4.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.fallacies/misconceptions2.programming3.people4.business analysts5.discuss6.solve7.logical thinking8.capture things9.articulate10.connectingPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.index of the web2.software programs3.webpages4.follow all the links5.chunk of the web6.hit return7.possible8.contain your keywords9.directly adjacent 10.spamming11.outside links point to itmitment13.impartial search results14.a snippet of the text15.related searches16.advertising business17.strive to18.cheetah’s top running speedUnit 8 – ChemistryPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.A, C, and E are chemical reactionsC: Listening Exercise1. A – In 1828.2. D – He created them from twoinorganic substances.3. C – People isolated it from living things.4. C – It proved that organic substancescan be created from inorganicsubstances.5. D – Atoms.Part II: While ListeningText A: The History of Discovering ElementsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.diversity of natureplexity of man3.92 elements4.the most important codes5.making of the modern world Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.what an element is2.lead, copper, gold, silver, iron, mercury,tin3.metals4.earth, air, fire, and water5.16th6.metals into goldExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.attempted2.electricity3.natural4.ultimately5.insight6.physics7.mysteries8.detective9.centuries10.struggled11.fascination12.destructionText B: The Periodic Table of Elements Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – How the periodic table of elementswas discovered and its significance.2. B – It changes the way that everyonewould learn and understand theelements.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.True2.False3.Not Given4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.18692.explain3.properties4.similarities5.patterns6.vertical7.resembled8.existence and properties9.rightPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.green leaves2.grows underground3.for their taste4.traditionally for health reasons5.seeking to lose weight6.desire to eat7.reduce hunger8.Over six weeks9.each group 10.three-tenths of a gram11.normally eat12.especially true13.may be lost14.extend the effectiveness15.a tropical plant16.its medical possibilities17.earlier evidence18.brains of patients19.sixty to ninety-three years old20.rarely or never。

《学术英语(综合)》课后答案

《学术英语(综合)》课后答案

《学术英语(综合)》书本答案以下答案对书本习题中类似于“Do you(think/agree)”“give a presentation”等的部分问题进行了省略。

Unit1EconomicsText A:Lead-in:omittedCritical reading and thinking:Task1:Body:Use the labor and skills behind the Thanksgiving weekend as examples to illustrate the concept of“the invisible hand”End:Echo the beginning,emphasizing we should be grateful to the miracle on this Thanksgiving Day and every dayTask2:1.It is not difficult at all to explain why grocery stores stock up on turkey before Thanksgiving.There seemsto be no miracle in it.2.The use of so many“and’s”helps to emphasize that a series of actions and all kinds of work are involved inthe sale of Thanksgiving turkey.3.Here“from above”means“from God”.The phrase is used to show that there is something wondrous andalmost inexplicable in the social order of freedom.Task3:Market has its own way of punishing business malpractice.For example,if a fast food chain sells contaminated food,nation-wide demand for their food will go down,along with their profit.When a company sells defective products,they have to deal with liability costs.Language building-up:Task1:1.1.饲料经销商;饲料批发商2.为他自己的收益而工作3.技能与劳动力4.制造塑料5.私人交易6.包装并定价7.无形之手2.1.pricedbor3.transactions4.gainbor;manufactured6.the invisible hand7.distributorTask2:1.Today,in millions of homes across the nation,God will be thanked for many gifts,for the feast on thetable and the company of loved ones,for health and good fortune in the year gone by,for peace privilege of having been born—or having become—American.(Line2,Para.1)2.And yet,isn't there something wondrous—something almost inexplicable—in the way your Thanksgivingweekend is made possible by the skill and labor of vast numbers of total strangers?(Line1,Para.4)3.…Thanksgiving Turkey,there would be one—or more likely,a few dozen—waiting.(Line3,Para.6) Task3:1.very many2.buying or selling3.a large group of4.more huge5.understand6.troubledText B:Critical reading and thinking:Task1:1.Considering that her boyfriend doesn’t even bother to choose a gift for her,the girl concludes that hedoesn’t love her.Therefore,she breaks off the relationship.In the case where the strength of affection is most in question,people care a lot about what is given as a gift.2.The following is one more example where the signaling theory can be applied:In the job market,anemployer may not know whether a candidate is qualified for a post or not.Very often,the candidate will show the employer education credentials,which can be used as a signal to the employer.Thus the information gap is narrowed.Task2:(以下所有表格题若未说明,顺序皆为从上到下,从左到右)Internet browser;Windows operating system;deter;entering the market and offering new products;cars today include many built-in products;monopoly;80;reliable;easier to use;severely limited;changing;competitors;low;Researching:The U.S.economy is a free market economy with some government regulation ad there has been a lasting debate about how much government regulation is necessary.Those who argue for less regulation claim that the free market itself will require business to protect consumers and provide good products or services and the interference from the government can do nothing but increase the cost of doing corporations are not concerned about the public’s interest,so regulation is indispensable.Interestingly, Adam Smith himself believed that government had an important role to play in economic life.For example, he believed that the government should enforce contracts and grant patents and copyrights.Text C:Task:每一个精明的一家之主都知道,如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小,那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。

(完整版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

(完整版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

Unit 1C1.The younger generation should continue to sustain anddevelop our fine traditions and long-standing culture.2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one shouldbe clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view.3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills thatcollege students should learn and develop through practice.4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make yourlanguage more vivid and more attractive to your audience.5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce theimpression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing.6.When you are speaking, you should choose common andeasy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.7.When you write a paper, citing the views from someexperts is a good way to make your ideas more credible.8.A good method of delivering a speech will improve itsquality and will help convey the speaker’s ideas clearly and interestingly.9.You should not blindly use a word that your are notsure about, and it you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary.10.Your language should adapt to the particularoccasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful.英译汉:发言提纲是有效发言的基础。

(完整版)学术综合英语课后答案

(完整版)学术综合英语课后答案

Unit 1C1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and developour fine traditions and long-standing culture.2. In the course of preparing one's speech, one should be clearlyaware of how one could make effective use of statistics andexamples to bolster one's point of view.3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that collegestudents should learn and develop through practice.4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your languagemore vivid and more attractive to your audience.5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce theimpression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing.6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easywords and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts isa good way to make your ideas more credible.8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its qualityand will help convey the speaker's ideas clearly andinterestingly.9. You should not blindly use a word that your are not sure about,and it you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary.10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion andaudience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful.英译汉:发言提纲是有效发言的基础。

(完整word版)学术英语课后答案

(完整word版)学术英语课后答案

Unit oneText A:ExerciseLanguage Building—upI. 1. G 2。

I 3。

C 4. B 5. E 6. A 7. D 8。

H 9。

FII. 1. Undercapitalization; 2. Mutual fund; 3. Business plan; 4. Transaction; 5. Road map; 6. On-demand; 7。

Fraud;8. Work force;9。

Customer serviceUnit twoText A:Exercise1.Translate the following expressions from English into Chinese or vice versa.1 the act of sales 销售行为2 manage customer relationships 管理客户关系3 business philosophy 经营理念4 satisfy consumer requirements 满足消费者需求5 manipulate the tools of marketing 使用营销工具6 entice consumers to buy products 吸引消费者购买产品7 effective marketing 有效营销8 ideal target market 理想的目标市场9 promote products 促销产品10 利益最大化maximize interest11 产品包装the packing of the product12 产品设计与生产the design and manufacturing of the product13 知名品牌an established brand14 消费产品consumer goods15 独家经销exclusive distribution16 事件营销event marketing17 减少生产成本cut the cost of manufacturingplete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the box。

《学术英语》(理科)课后答案(完整版)

《学术英语》(理科)课后答案(完整版)

ContentsUnit 1 – Astronomy (2)Part I: Pre-listening (2)Part II: While Listening (2)Text A: Fun Facts about Astronomy (2)Text B: Shenzhou-10 Mission (3)Part III: After Listening (3)Part IV: Homework (3)Unit 2 – Biology (4)Part I: Pre-listening (4)Part II: While Listening (4)Text A: Secret of Life (4)Text B: Animal Intelligence (5)Part III: After Listening (5)Part IV: Homework (5)Unit 3 – Psychology (6)Part I: Pre-listening (6)Part II: While Listening (6)Text A: Discovering Psychology (6)Text B: Liespotting (7)Part III: After Listening (7)Part IV: Homework (7)Unit 4 – Geography (8)Part I: Pre-listening (8)Part II: While Listening (8)Text A: What Is Geography? (8)Text B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World (9)Part III: After Listening (9)Part IV: Homework (9)Unit 5 – Economy (sic) (10)Part I: Pre-listening (10)Part II: While Listening (10)Text A: The Blue Economy (10)Text B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational asOurs (11)Part III: After Listening (11)Part IV: Homework (11)Unit 6 – Physics (12)Part I: Pre-listening (12)Part II: While Listening (12)Text A: What Is Physics? (12)Text B: Science of Figure Skating (13)Part III: After Listening (13)Part IV: Homework (13)Unit 7 – Computer Science (14)Part I: Pre-listening (14)Part II: While Listening (14)Text A: Computer Software (14)Text B: Computer Science Advice forStudents (15)Part III: After Listening (15)Part IV: Homework (15)Unit 8 – Chemistry (16)Part I: Pre-listening (16)Part II: While Listening (16)Text A: The History of DiscoveringElements (16)Text B: The Periodic Table of Elements (17)Part III: After Listening (17)Part IV: Homework (17)Unit 1 – AstronomyPart I: Pre-listeningC: Listening Exercise1. D – Mars.2. C – For finding their way across hugeareas of ocean.3. C – Almost every ancient culture knewof these five mysteries.4. A – Saturn, Jupiter, Venus, Mercury andMars.5. C – The study of stars.Part II: While ListeningText A: Fun Facts about Astronomy Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Two branches: (1) observationalastronomy and (2) theoreticalastronomy.2.Aspects: fun facts about (3) the sun(4) the moon(5) the stars(6) the planetsExercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingThe better notes are _A_, because:1.Good notes should consist of keywordsor very short sentences, not every word.e abbreviations and symbols thatmake sense to you can help you writedown notes quickly.3.Leave space between topics or ideas soyou can scan the page more easily later. Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Mercury is the (1) second smallestplanet in the solar system and has (2)no moon. It can get as hot as (3) 800 °Cand cold as (4) 300 °C below zero. Oneyear on Mercury is equal to (5) 88 dayson Earth.2.Venus is the only planet that rotatesfrom (6) east to west. A year on thisplanet is equal to (7) 225 days on Earth.3.Earth is nearly (8) 93 million miles awayfrom the sun. It takes about (9) 16million horsepower to break the Earth’sgravitational pull.4.According to scientists, in around (10) 5billion years, a day on Earth will be (11)48 hours long and somewhere duringthat time the sun will explode.5.The planet Neptune was discoveredmore than (12) 150 years ago in 1846,and since then it still has to complete anorbit around the sun, as one Neptuneyear equals to (13) 165 Earth years.6.Pluto’s size is very small which madescientists demote it to a (14) dwarfplanet status.Text B: Shenzhou-10 MissionExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.June 24th.2.China hasn’t set up a permanent spacestation.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.blasted off2.docked3.conduct experiments4.June 20th5.gave a lecture6. a manual docking procedure7.spoke8.two-way video link9.flew around10.the modulePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.supremacy2.gesture3.vowed4.hostile5.decade6.mission7.spotted8.It was five kilometers from base andthey were running dangerously short oftime9.The orange soil looked like evidence ofrecent volcanic activity 10.In just half an hour, Schmitt and Cernangathered all the orange soil they couldlay hands onUnit 2 – BiologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.Hummingbird (c); Marmoset (a); Ostrich(d); Sloth (b); Venus flytrap (g); Cheetah(f); Bamboo (h); Rafflesia (e)2.as sly as a fox; as timid as a hare; ascheerful as a lark; as silly as a goose; asgreedy as a wolf; as proud as a peacock;as strong as a horse; as brave as a lion;as gentle as a lamb; as stubborn as amule; as busy as a bee; as blind as a bat C: Listening Exercise1. D – Hostess and guest.2. B – Genetically modified organism.3. A – Corns with a 4-digit PLU code.4. C – Because there is no proof that GMfoods are safe.5. C – From PLU code on the produce. Part II: While ListeningText A: Secret of LifeExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.nucleus2.mush3.membranes4.protein5.energy6.chromosomesExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.frogspawn2.divide and divide3.replicating4.specialize5.body parts6.true of us7. a single cell8.two fundamental rules of life9.made of cells10.other cells11.what life wasExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.17th2.Robert Hooke3.microscope4.snowflakes5.natural fibers6.mid-19th7.resurfaced8.well-engineered9.exposeText B: Animal IntelligenceExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – To prove that dolphins are thinkingspecies.2. C – Self-awareness.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.True2.Not Given3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.reacting2.another dolphin3.back and forward4.testing to see5.the same things6.neck stretches7.marked part8. a mirror9. a toolPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.filtered sunlight2.fade3.sensitive4.evaporate5.pebbles6.moist7.snippers8.start up9.indestructible10.raise alarm11.a shadier location 12.polluted water13.reddish14.decaying or mushy15.indoor environmentsUnit 3 – PsychologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic2.1-d, 2-a, 3-f, 4-g, 5-c, 6-e, 7-h, 8-b C: Listening Exercise1. B – He has just moved to a new place.2. A – He should take Fido to the vet.3. D – He will put his dog on medication.4. A – Dog emotions are quite similar tothe emotions of humans.5. C – Harry is an expert on brain scienceof humans and dogs.Part II: While ListeningText A: Discovering Psychology Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.behavior of individuals2.mental processes3.dispositional factors4.situational factors5.experimental psychology laboratory6.Principles of PsychologyExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.sci entific study2.res earch3.pred ict & (ctrl) control behav ior4.gene tic5.att itudes, ment al6.sens ory stimul ation7.rew ards, act ionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.18792.Germany3.first experimental psychologylaboratory4.18836.first American psychological laboratory7.18909.psychological text10.Principles of PsychologyText B: LiespottingExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – He peppered his account with alittle too much detail.2. B – A fake smile will betray a liar. Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.Not Given2.False3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.lower2.pause3.pepper4.detail5.chronological6.backwards7.words8.gesturesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.signs of the condition2.low levels of light3.severe form4.thoughts of death or suicide5.designed6.sleep7.active8.sugary water9.more depressed10.least11.blue and white light12.dim red 13.signals14.natural sleep-wake cycle15.recommendation16.exposure17.bluish18.reddishUnit 4 – GeographyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.a. 4.5 to 4.6 billion yearsb.149,597,870 kmc.384,403.1 kmd.Mt. Everest, Asia: 8844.43 me.Dead Sea: -422 mf.Mariana Trench, Western PacificOcean: 11,034 mg.56.7°C (Greenland Ranch in DeathValley, California, July 10, 1913)h.-89.2°C (Vostok, Antarctica, July 21,1983)2.1-a; 2-c; 3-f; 4-b; 5-e; 6-d; 7-gC: Listening Exercise1. D – New Zealand.2. C – The south of the country can bewarm in summer.3. C – A map showing geographicalfeatures.4. B – The coverage of oceans.5. C – She wants to know more aboutgeography.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Geography?Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Cultural geography focusing on peopleand cultures.2.Physical geography focusing on planetEarth. Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingFive these of geographyA. LocationB. PlaceC. Human-environment Interaction1. Humans depend on the environment2. Humans modify the environment3. Humans adapt to the environmentD. MovementE. Region1. Formal regions2. Functional regions3. Vernacular regionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.earth2.to write3.climates4.plant and animal distributionputerized mapping6.data analysisText B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. A – Because it matches the legend ofthe axis of the world.2. D – Because it is the most importantpilgrimage site in Tibet.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not Given4.False5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.pilgrimage site2.Buddha’s e nlightenment3.newly dressed altar4.prayer flags5.end up straight6.wind horsesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.233 countries2. a bit ambiguous3.semi-presidential republic4.6,592,800 square miles5.northern part of Asia6.11 different time zones7.climate conditions8.energy and minerals9.greatest forest reserves10.unfrozen freshwater11.ninth most populous12.lungs of Europe13.by volume 14.780 species of birds15.third largest economy16.fastest aging country17.Three Gorges Dam18.at a country’s disposalUnit 5 – Economy (sic)Part I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topicpete with one another; positive; aninvisible hand2. a long time; stall along the wayC: Listening Exercise1. B – He is interested in making modelboats.2. C – She is considerate and thoughtful.3. A – It will help children learn the valueof money.4. D – He will give Jacky a regularallowance soon.5. D – Saving money for larger costs willhelp children learn how to budget. Part II: While ListeningText A: The Blue EconomyExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.expensive2.not smart3.creative4.healthy and happy5.what we did not know we have Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.healthy and naturalanic3.solar energy4.biodegradable5.palm oil6.destroy the rain forest7.subsidies8.tax moneypete with food10.damaging the climate11.expensive12.not smartExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Not Given2.True3.False4.TrueText B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational as OursExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – When they are facing a loss.2. A – People are irrational because theywant to make more money.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.10002.10003.04.5005.Play it safe6.20007.10008.09.50010.Take a riskExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.different directions2.good or not3.switch4.loss mindset5.risky6.worrying7.losing stocks longer8.sell their housePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.economic prosperity2.support strengthening3.premier forum4.lowering tariffs5.non-discriminatory6.greater participation7.integrated economic community8.critical energy sector9.interconnectivity10.renewablepletion of negotiations12.far-reaching trade agreement13.rules-based and high-standard14.mere short term15.multilaterial and bilateral partnershipsUnit 6 – PhysicsPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-f; 2-b; 3-e; 4-d; 5-g; 6-a; 7-h; 8-c C: Listening Exercise1. B – They are doing a physicalexperiment.2. C – Six.3. D – Judy helped to pinch the balloontight.4. B – Mike is very smart.5. A – They pumped some gas into theballoon.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Physics?Exercise 1 – Global UnderstandingTwo categories of physics:(1) Classical physics(2) Modern physicsMain purposes of learning physics:(1) To understand the world around people(2) To explain the universe at large Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.Definition2.motion of matter3.space and time4.energy5.force6.effects7.philosophy8.world9.classical10.modern11.Applications12.electromagnetism13.mechanics14.quantum physics Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.matter moves2.object attraction3.heat and energy4.mass-energy5.space-time6.electric chargesText B: Science of Figure Skating Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – The science of figure skating.2. D – All of the above.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.False3.True4.Not Given5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.action and reaction2.vertical velocity3.velocity4.higher5.spin6.extended7.slowly8.closer9.faster10.following11.Conservation of Angular Momentum Part III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.powered by sun light2.20153.63 meters across4.200 square meters5.cells6.140 kilometers7.8,500 meters8.stops9.20 to 2510.autopilot 11.goal12.appliancesUnit 7 – Computer SciencePart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-Wechat; 2-MSN; 3-Tencent QQ; 4-Sina Microblog; 5-Renren Network; 6-Instagram2.MSN, Tencent QQ, Renren Network,Sina MNicroblog, Instagram, Wechat C: Listening Exercise1. D – A research on the applications ofcomputers and Internet.2. C – Playing computer games.3. B – Computers can help edit jobapplication documents.4. C – Online shopping has become anessential part of our life.5. A – People may be cheated by someoneonline.Part II: While ListeningText A: Computer SoftwareExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – Software programs and theoperating system.2. B – A set of instructions that tells thecomputer what to do.Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.most of us don’t speak the ir language2.is like a translator3.the computer what to do4.personalized5.Mac6.Linux7.Operating system8.Software programs9. a computer store10.download from the InternetExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.True2.FalseAn operating system can cover thebasics from saving files to fixingproblems.3.FalseYou can get computer software from acomputer store or download them fromthe Internet without the help ofcomputer engineers4.FalseSoftware programs can makecomputers personalized5.TrueText B: Computer Science Advice for StudentsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – Advice for students on computerscience.2. A – Computer science is highlyinteractive.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.False2.True3.True4.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.fallacies/misconceptions2.programming3.people4.business analysts5.discuss6.solve7.logical thinking8.capture things9.articulate10.connectingPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.index of the web2.software programs3.webpages4.follow all the links5.chunk of the web6.hit return7.possible8.contain your keywords9.directly adjacent 10.spamming11.outside links point to itmitment13.impartial search results14.a snippet of the text15.related searches16.advertising business17.strive to18.cheetah’s top running speedUnit 8 – ChemistryPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.A, C, and E are chemical reactionsC: Listening Exercise1. A – In 1828.2. D – He created them from twoinorganic substances.3. C – People isolated it from living things.4. C – It proved that organic substancescan be created from inorganicsubstances.5. D – Atoms.Part II: While ListeningText A: The History of Discovering ElementsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.diversity of natureplexity of man3.92 elements4.the most important codes5.making of the modern world Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.what an element is2.lead, copper, gold, silver, iron, mercury,tin3.metals4.earth, air, fire, and water5.16th6.metals into goldExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.attempted2.electricity3.natural4.ultimately5.insight6.physics7.mysteries8.detective9.centuries10.struggled11.fascination12.destructionText B: The Periodic Table of Elements Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – How the periodic table of elementswas discovered and its significance.2. B – It changes the way that everyonewould learn and understand theelements.Exercise 2 – Listening for Details1.True2.False3.Not Given4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.18692.explain3.properties4.similarities5.patterns6.vertical7.resembled8.existence and properties9.rightPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.green leaves2.grows underground3.for their taste4.traditionally for health reasons5.seeking to lose weight6.desire to eat7.reduce hunger8.Over six weeks9.each group 10.three-tenths of a gram11.normally eat12.especially true13.may be lost14.extend the effectiveness15.a tropical plant16.its medical possibilities17.earlier evidence18.brains of patients19.sixty to ninety-three years old20.rarely or never。

综合学术英语第二版课后答案

综合学术英语第二版课后答案

综合学术英语第二版课后答案1、We should have breakfast every day to keep ______. [单选题] *A. healthB. healthy(正确答案)C. healthilyD. the healthy2、John will go home as soon as he _______ his work. [单选题] *A. finishB. will finishC. finishedD. finishes(正确答案)3、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.()[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her4、It ______ me half an hour to return to school.()[单选题] *A. takes(正确答案)B. spendsC. costsD. brings5、The famous writer, _____ writings for China Daily I appreciate a lot , is invited to give a speech in our university. [单选题] *A. thatB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. who6、He has grown rich lately. [单选题] *A. 后来B. 以后C. 终于D. 最近(正确答案)7、Lucy _______ at 7:00 every day. [单选题] *A. go to schoolB. goes to school(正确答案)C. to go to schoolD. went?to?school8、You should _______ your card. [单选题] *A. drawB. depositC. investD. insert(正确答案)9、28.The question is very difficult. ______ can answer it. [单选题] * A.EveryoneB.No one(正确答案)C.SomeoneD.Anyone10、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with11、The family will have _______ good time in Shanghai Disneyland. [单选题] *A. theB. a(正确答案)C. anD. /12、How I wish I()to repair the watch! I only made it worse. [单选题] *A. had triedB. hadn't tried(正确答案)C. have triedD.didn't try13、I don't know the man _____ you are talking about. [单选题] *A. who'sB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. which14、He does ______ in math.()[单选题] *A. goodB. betterC. well(正确答案)D. best15、There may be something wrong with her _______. She can’t see things clearly. [单选题] *A. eyes(正确答案)B. earsC. mouthD. nose16、A small village cuts across the river. [单选题] *A. 切B. 穿过(正确答案)C. 划船D. 踢17、What’s your _______ for the coming new year? [单选题] *A. playB. plantC. plan(正确答案)D. plans18、______ my great joy, I met an old friend I haven' t seen for years ______ my way ______ town. [单选题] *A. To, in, forB. To, on, to(正确答案)C. With, in, toD. For, in, for19、6.—How can we get to the school?—________ bus. [单选题] *A.ToB.OnC.By(正确答案)D.At20、Many young people like to _______ at weekends. [单选题] *A. eat out(正确答案)B. eat upC. eat onD. eat with21、42.—________ meat do you want?—Half a kilo. [单选题] *A.How much(正确答案)B.How manyC.WhatD.Which22、—What’s wrong with you, Mike?—I’m really tired because I studied for today’s test ______ midnight last night. ()[单选题] *A. althoughB. unlessC. until(正确答案)D. so that23、The firm attributed the accident to()fog, and no casualties have been reported until now. [单选题] *A. minimumB. scarceC. dense(正确答案)D. seldom24、The teacher asked him to practice playing the piano _______. [单选题] *A. often as possibleB. as often possibleC. as possible oftenD. as often as possible(正确答案)25、Study hard, ______ you won’t pass the exam. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. butD. if26、What lovely weather,()? [单选题] *A.is itB. isnt it(正确答案)C. does itD.doesn’t it27、My sister _______ listen to music when she was doing her homework.[单选题] *A. used to(正确答案)B. use toC. is used toD. uses to28、They all choose me ______ our class monitor.()[单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. inC. withD. on29、A healthy life is generally thought to be()with fresh air, clean water, and homegrown food. [单选题] *A. joinedB. boundC. lackingD. associated(正确答案)30、75.As a student in Senior Three, I must work hard.(), I should take exercise to strengthen my body.[单选题] *A.OtherwiseB.Meanwhile(正确答案)C.ThereforeD.Thus。

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学术英语(理工)课后英译汉练习答案 Text 1 1 有些人声称黑客是那些扩宽知识界限而不造成危害的好人 (或即使造成危害,但并非故意而为),而“破碎者”才是真正的坏人。 2 这可以指获取计算机系统的存储内容,获得一个系统的处理能力,或捕获系统之间正在交流的信息。 3 那些系统开发者或操作者所忽视的不为人知的漏洞很可能是由于糟糕的设计造成的,也可能是为了让系统具备一些必要的功能而导致计划外的结果。 4 另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击,然而,这种攻击是以鸟枪式的方式发出的,没有任何具体目标,目的是攻击到尽可能多的潜在目标。 5 另外,考虑安装一个硬件防火墙并将从互联网中流入和流出的数据限定在仅有的几个你真正需要的端口,如电子邮件和网站流量。 Text 2 1 看似无害的编程错误可以被利用,导致电脑被侵入并为电脑蠕虫和病毒的繁衍提供温床。 2 当一个软件漏洞被发现,黑客可以将漏洞变成一个侵入点,从而造成极大的破坏,在这之前,往往需要争分夺秒地利用正确的软件补丁来防止破坏的发生。 3 最简单的钓鱼骗局试图利用迅速致富的伎俩诱使诈骗目标寄钱。但网络骗子们也变得越来越狡猾,最近的陷阱是通过发送客户服务的电子邮件让用户进入假银行或商业网站,并在那里请他们“重新输入”他们的账户信息。 4 间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起,构成了三个令人生厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从而进入电脑,但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着其他通常是免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。 5 尽管因特网已经彻底改变了全球通讯,但是对于那些意图为了罪恶目的而利用网络力量的人和那些负责阻止这些网络犯罪的人来说,他们之间的较量才刚刚开始。 Text 5 1. 最近在《纽约时报》上刊登的一篇文章谈到了一种新计算机软件,该软件在瞬间就能通过数以千计的法律文件筛选并寻找到那些可诉讼的条款,这为律师们节省了在阅读文件上所花费的数百小时。 2. 他们主要靠耕种来养活自己,然后再多种一些用以物品交易或卖一些盈余 3. 从事农业和畜牧业者的绝对数量大约在1910年时达到顶峰(约有1,100—1,200万),在此之后人数便急剧下降 4. 这个故事总结了美国几个世纪以来的工作经历,从失业工人的层面上讲是悲剧,但从全国劳动力的层面上讲是件好事。 5. 人工智能是一种新的自动化技术吗?是一种削弱了曾经是20世纪末就业标志的脑力工作的技术吗?是一种只会消除更好的工作机会的技术吗? Text 6 1. 就前者来说,玩家按照顺序移动,(那么)每个人都了解其他玩家之前的动作。就后者而言,玩家同时做出动作,则不了解其他玩家的动作。 2. 当一个人思考别人会如何反应的时候,他必须站在别人的角度,用和他们一样的思考方式进行思考一个人不能将自己的推理强加在别人的身上。 3. 尽管各位玩家同时做出动作,不知道其他玩家当前的动作,然而,每个玩家都必须明白其他玩家也和自己一样有同样的想法等等。 4. 事实上,有众所周知不好的例子,如:“囚徒困境”(见下文),在这个游戏中如果每个人追求自我的最佳利益,那么所有玩家都会卷入一个糟糕的结局 5. 这种合作行为可通过反复玩这个游戏实现,因为这种由作弊暂时获得的利益会被由于合作破裂引起的长期的损失所压倒。 Text 7 1 在过去的十年里,对古老星光的观测让人对宇宙的过去有了深刻的了解,令人惊讶的是,他们也让人对未来的本质有了深刻的洞察。而这些数据所显示的未来令人非常不安——因为某种被称之为暗能量的东西 2 像地球或太阳一样的普通物质只能生成引力,但数学演算却显示,一种更外在的能源 ——一种就像是填充桑拿浴的蒸汽一样的能量均匀地充满着整个空间,只不过这种能量是无法看到的——会产生与引力相斥的力量。 3 快速推进到二十世纪九十年代,那时我们发现两队天文学家对遥远的超新星——由天体爆发所产生的非常耀眼的星星,能够穿过宇宙而被看得很清楚——进行着艰辛而精确的观测,用以确定外太空间的膨胀速度是怎样在宇宙的历史进程中改变的。 4 在测算充满宇宙的暗能量的总量的最为精确的尝试中,遗漏了一个测定值,一个巨大的因数10123 (即一个1后面跟着123个0),这是在科学历史中理论和观测最为严重的一次误差。 5 距今一千亿年后, 任何没有与我们比邻的星系都将会被不断膨胀的空间横扫出去,它飞驰而去的速度将会比光速还快。 Text 8 1. 一纳米是一米的十亿分之一,比可见光的波长还要短,其宽度是人类头发的十万分之一。 2. 诺贝尔奖获得者霍斯特•施特默说纳米尺度比原子尺度更有趣,因为纳米尺度是我们可以将东西安装在一起的起始点,我们只有将原子拼凑在一起这个东西才有使用价值. 3. 只有在那时,他说,我们才能有效地教授纳米科学,因为没有牢固的多学科背景就无法理解纳米科技的世界。 4. 物质是绝缘体,就意味着他们不能带电荷,然而,在分散形式下缩微到纳米尺度时物质可以变为绝缘体。 5. 有些人担心纳米科技最终会成为虚拟的现实——换句话说,在纳米领域的界限成为公众知识之前有关纳米科技的炒作仍会继续,然后兴趣(和资金)会很快消失。 Text 9 1. 他将气候变暖称为“伟大的地球物理实验”。他说:“这个实验就是给大气加载尽可能多的二氧化碳,再增加少许其他有害气体,然后看看会发生什么。” 2. 对减少温室气体的排放,特别是因燃烧化石燃料而产生的二氧化碳的排放所做的微不足道的努力增加了全球变暖的速度和强度。 3. 大气中的二氧化碳可以使植物更快地进行光合作用,并使得过敏原数量增加。 4. 它是地球上除了水蒸汽外最丰富的热能吸收气体它并不被认为是一种温室气体,因为它通过下雨不断地循环回到地球上。 5. 《沸点》是一部关于全球变暖导致地球气候变化的著作,该书的作者罗斯﹒格尔布斯潘在2004年公开谈及他的这本书时说:“气候问题最终会撕开全球经济的裂口。” Text 10 1. 这一争论的焦点在于:我们正在经历的变暖仅仅反映了最近全球气温变化趋势的自然转变,还是工业革命真正开始以来人类活动造成污染影响的结果。 2. 一种仍然被对手所使用的人为变暖观点是,这世界曾在1946和1975年间经历过一次明显的降温,因而证明了温室气体排放水平升高势必会导致全球变暖这一想法是错误的。 3. 试图对全球气温在过去一千多年中真正的变化下定论是很难办到的,尤其是因为近几百年前的记录远非可靠。 4. 反对减轻全球变暖提案的既得利益集团已经确定,虽然《京都议定书》现已正式生效,但它远未实现其到2008年12月全球温室气体排放减少5.2%(低于1990年水平)的目标。 5. 如果真的要在日益攀升的大气温室气体浓度中按要求减少60%的温室气体排放,前景的确堪忧。 Text 11 1. 辐射自然存在于我们的环境当中,一般人每秒钟都遭受着来自自然资源中15,000个粒子的辐射,而一次普通的医疗X光检查则带有1,000亿个粒子的辐射。 2. 这些材料主要通过发电厂常规运行时的少量释放物,核电站事故和放射性材料运输事故、以及放射性废料从隔离系统中泄漏而与人体发生接触的。 3. 在利用现有技术预防遗传性疾病方面还有很多事可以做;如果利用核工业纳税款的1%来进一步实施这项技术,那么每一种由核工业造成的疾病中有80例遗传疾病都将得到防止。 4. 高剂量的辐射会摧毁身体机能并在60天内导致死亡,但这种“明显的”死亡仅仅在2%的核反应堆熔毁事故中能够被预料到,在0.2%的熔毁事故中会超过100天,而在1/100,000的熔毁事故中会超过3,500天。 5. 对于氡 6. 效应的全面估计是一家运行了一年的核电站最终将避免几百人死亡,而一个同等的煤电厂将最终导致30人死亡。 Text `12 1. 尽管放射性的蒸汽已经被释放以降低被毁坏的络合物反应堆的压力,并且在三次爆炸中有额外的辐射泄露,但是正在发生的辐射水平却没有一直处于最高点。 2. 这一类型的辐射有足够的能量来电离原子(通常通过毁坏电子而产生正电),从而给予这些原子化学潜能,使之与生物组织中的原子和分子发生对人体有害的反应。 3. 这是因为大部分的伽玛射线和X光射线无需通过与身体的组织发生作用(就原子水平而言,身体基本上是中空的空间)而直接穿透身体,而无法穿透组织的α射线和β射线则会通过与身体原子的碰撞使其能量得以扩展,并且有可能导致更多的损坏。 4. 由于电离辐射所带来的脱氧核糖核酸的破坏可能会造成重大改变,导致癌症的发生,尤其是对有高频率细胞分裂的组织,比如消化道、生殖细胞和骨髓。 5. 根据冈萨雷斯的观点,在切尔诺贝利工作的一些应急工人受了几西韦特的辐射。因为酷热的缘故,许多人基本上是“赤裸”地工作,这就使得被污染的粉末通过他们的皮肤被身体吸收。 Text 13 1. 官员们为了不让公众恐慌,这一次又将辐射轻描淡写。事实上周围各种事物已经给我们带来有害影响: 如,添了氟化物的水、化学杀虫剂、不必要的强制接种、使用激素、用人工饲料喂养牲畜和家禽和改变基因的农品等。 2. 任何正常人在未来的80到100年都不再想去日本,这一事实足以表明那里的形势有多么严峻。 3. 日常生活中辐射无处不在,已检测出的辐射与我们每天接触到的相比,数量微乎其微 4. 不存在一个较低的辐射量下限,低于这个下限辐射是安全的,不会造成危害。任何数量的辐射都会破坏人体细胞 5. 当我们的兄弟正在遭受苦难时,哪怕他们离我们很远,我们怎么会无动于衷呢?

Text 15 1. 特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里,转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。 2. 在富裕的国家里,由于有大量丰富的食品可供选择,而且供应远远超过需求,所以关于生物技术的争论相对缓和一些。 3. β-胡萝卜素——身体可将之转化为维生素A——和更多铁元素的转基因水稻,目前正在研究培育其他一些增进营养成分的农作物。 4. 转基因的抗病毒作物可以减少这种损失,就像抗干旱种子在耕地面积因缺水而受到限制的地区起到的作用一样。 5. 尤其在运输基础设施落后的国家,地理条件对食物供给的限制正如遗传学为食物供给带来的希望一样大。 Text 17. 1. 详细的实验结果表明:巴西坚果中2S蛋白是巴西坚果的主要过敏原;转基因大豆中的最新显露的蛋白保持了其过敏性,因此,可能促使对巴西坚果过敏的病人发生临床反应。 2. 第二个问题是:由于不清楚为什么有的蛋白过敏,而有的不会,因此更难预测新的转基因是否表达新的过敏原、是否导致再次过敏。 3. 但是也存在明显的例外,特别是关于水果过敏原, 4. 。 5. 不能根据氨基酸序列同源性来预测交叉反应性通常是因为折叠蛋白中出现了不连续(非线性)氨基酸序列组成的构象型抗原。 6. 有一致的报道建议:对食物的逐级评价应考虑基 7. 因的来源、与已知过敏原进行的氨基酸序列对比、免疫学分析(体外和体内的)以及基因产物的物理化学性质 Text 18. 1. 为了研究大麻对身体的影响而不是它是如何产生的,本文基于大麻影响的持续时间和强度,提出了第三种分类。 2. 有一次,症状发生在一天第一次吸烟后,另一次在一天内抽了四支,第三支时发生了症状,因此我推断这与数量无关。 3. 为了总结伯克通过这个例子想解释的道理,大麻对身体的影响取决于个体吸食大麻的经历,这正是当人们谈论大麻对于身体的影响时需要考虑的要点 4. 最近由Nahas完成的关于“壶”吸烟者的实验表明大麻影响身体的基因产量,而这些基因正是引起细胞分裂和控制遗传特点的遗传物质 5. 了解大麻中其他成分的可能影响也是很重要的,这些成分本身不具备心理和生理上活跃的特点,但仍有可能影响这些成分的活动 Text 19

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