物流英语课后习题答案

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物流专业英语课后答案

物流专业英语课后答案Chapter1Ⅰ.1、物流管理2、谈及，提及，说到3、以最大成本效益的方式4、物理协会5、信息管理6、另外，除此之外7、物流装置8、也，同样Ⅱ.1、the transfer of goods；the most cost-effective2、hardware；information control3、materials；information4、it is about the flow and storage of goods5、goods, service, the point of consumption6、logistics strategies and activitiesⅢ.1、提到物流或物流管理，说法并不统一，不同的组织对此有不同的定义。

2、文明社会伊始，物流就已经存在，因而不是新鲜事。

3、然而说到现代物流，几乎所有商业界专业人士认为，尽管看不见，摸不着，物流却是最有挑战性和刺激性的工作之一。

4、现代物流关系到货物流和信息流的有效性和高效性。

Ⅳ.1.D2.C3.A4.B5.DⅤ.1.quick response2.a new commercial arearmation technology4.containerization technique5.modern logistics6.major function7.location value8.distribution processing valueⅥ.现代物流采用了集装技术。

商品物流往往从包装开始，而后经历运输、储存和配送等过程。

整个过程始终在物流标准化的前提下运行。

以物流基础模数尺寸600毫米×400毫米为基础，制定出物流模数尺寸1200毫米×1000毫米，并将其放大至2591毫米×2483毫米，即形成集装箱高度乘宽度的标准尺寸，并能调整成适合铁运、汽运和船运的集装箱标准规格尺寸。

物流专业英语(第5版)Ch1 课后练习答案[5页]

Ch1 第1章Logistics Management第1课I Phrases translation客户订单customer order 最终用户end-customer供应链管理supply chain management 货物流material flow分销系统distribution system 半成品parts and subassemblies“准时生产”just-in-time production 库存inventory需求信息demand information 准时配送deliver JIT快速响应respond in time 延迟决策postponing decisions整合过程integrated process 中间产品middle-range products重组物流re-engineered logistics 交货日期delivery dateII Fill in the blank and put the sentence into Chinese1、Managing material flow, information flow管理货物流和信息流是完成物流管理任务的一个关键部分2、source, end-customer物流管理的目的是使货物从源头流向最终顾客3、increase从历史上看，当库存形成时，会试图通过增加或减少销售来管理成品库存4、end-customer’s demand最终顾客的需求信号致使供应链做出响应5、build, lead“准时构建”这个术语被用来描述在一个被定义的提前期内快速的构建大型产品的新的概念。

6、dependability, inventory这种对整个供应链的整合将有助于实现市场需求的最大可靠性和最小库存III．Answer the following questions略IV. Listen to the conversation and answer the question or complete the sentencesTapescriptHEDRICK SMITH: As the world's largest company, Wal-Mart has tremendous power and influence. It is now the model not just for retailing but for companies all across the corporate landscape.Prof. NELSON LICHTENSTEIN, U.C. Santa Barbara: In the 19th century, it was the Pennsylvania Railroad, which called itself the standard of the world. Early 20th century, it might have been U.S. Steel. General Motors, of course, in the mid-20th century. But clearly, Wal-Mart today is setting a sort of a– a new standard that other firms have to follow if they hope to compete. And more than just other firms, it's setting standards for the nation as a whole.HEDRICK SMITH: By figuring out how to exploit two powerful forces that converged in the '90s, the rise of information technology and the explosion of the global economy, Wal-Mart has changed the balance of power in the world of business.Prof. GARY GEREFFI, Duke University: It used to be that manufacturers – big multi-national manufacturers – had the most power, companies like General Motors and General Electric. Today, I think that global retailers actually have become the most powerful companies in the global economy.HEDRICK SMITH: To understand Wal-Mart and how a company with such humble roots has managed to build a global empire, I headed for Bentonville, Arkansas. It's an overgrown crossroads town tucked into the Bible and barbecue belt of northwest Arkansas. Here, in the heart of the old town, sits the five-and-dime store that Sam Walton opened in 1950. A few blocks away I found the Wal-Mart of today, theWal-Mart we've come to know as consumers, a cornucopia of thousands of different items all under one roof, the epitome of one-stop shopping. Every week, Wal-Mart says, 100 million American shoppers stream into its 3,400 storesSHOPPER: It's very convenient for me to be able to get a one-stop shop. SHOPPER: I know I don't have to look and see where I can save the most money. I know when I come in here, I can save money.SHOPPER: Good prices, good quality of stuff.SHOPPER: I'm sort of thinking of having my Social Security check deposited directly to wal-Mart since I buy everything at Wal-Mart.BOB McADAM, VP, Wal-Mart Gov't Relations: What makes Wal-Mart successful, what keeps us motivated and what really challenges us every day, whether it was from the day one when Wal-Mart began or till today, I think it's the same, that we really strive in everything we do to keep our costs as low as possible, so that we can provide the customer a value and still make a reasonable profit for our company.HEDRICK SMITH: That was Sam Walton's formula: Buy cheap, sell for less than the other guy, and make your profit on high volume and fast turnover. Sounds simple, but this supercenter is a world away from Sam's five-and-dime. How do they keep track of it all? How do they know what to stock? How do they keep prices so low?第2课I Phrases translation物流成本logistics cost销售损失lost sale退货处理成本costs of return goods handling 潜在的销售potential future sale运输成本transportation cost进货渠道inbound channel出货渠道outbound channel订单处理成本order processing cost需求预测demanding forecasting销售沟通distribution communication 电子数据交换系统electronic data interchange 卫星数据传输satellite data transmission 条码bar coding内部成本internal cost外部成本external cost订单传输order transmittal订单输入order entry批量成本lot quantity cost缺货stockout库存持有成本inventory carry cost 资金成本capital cost仓储空间成本storage space cost 风险成本risk costII Fill in the blank and put the sentence into Chinese1、order fulfillment客户服务成本是指用来支持客户服务的费用，包括订单执行、零配件和服务支持成本。

物流专业英语(第5版)Ch13 课后练习答案[5页]

CH 13 第13章 LOGISTICS DOCUMENTS 2第1课 TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS (1)I. Translate the following Chinese terms into Englishbooking note mate’s receipt container load plan air waybilldelivery order short discharge shipping document maritime transport stevedoring company tally sheet outturn report business connections loading list negotiation of payment mode of transport road waybillII. Translate the following English terms into Chinese出口货物托运委托书装货单集装箱场站收据设备交接单铁路运单货物舱单货代收货证明理货公司运费舱单贷代运输证明积载图书面证明交接货物出港货物理货组长海关报关手续大副航运公司货物备妥待运舱位/舱容集装箱码头III. Challenging questions for discussion1. The main types of transport documents are shipper’s letter of instruction, booking note, shipping order, mat e’s receipt, dock receipt, container load plan, bill of lading, delivery order, equipment interchange receipt, sea waybill, air waybill, railway bill, road waybill, cargo manifest, forwarders’ certificate of receipt, forwarders’ certificate of transport, etc.2. The main types of shipping documents are booking note, shipping order, stowage plan, tally sheet, mate’s receipt, cargo manifest, freight manifest, outturn report, bill of lading, and delivery order, etc.3. The circulation of the relevant shipping documents is as follows:(1) The shipper (or consignor) makes an application to a shipping company or its agent for the shipment of goods by filling in a booking note (B/N).(2) After the acceptance of the booking note, the shipping company issues a shipping order (S/O) to the shipper, advising him of when and where to deliver the goods alongside the named ship.(3) The shipper, on the strength of the S/O, goes through the customs declaration formalities for outward goods and gets the goods ready for shipment.(4) The agent prepares a loading list for the ship according to the S/O.(5) The chief officer works out a stowage plan. A number of copies are sent to thetally company and stevedoring company through the agent for the arrangement of loading and discharge.(6) The chief tallyman checks all goods loaded on board against the tally sheets and signs the S/O.(7) The chief officer, by reference to the tally, endorses the S/O, which then automatically becomes the mate’s receipt (M/R) to be issued to the shipper after loading.(8) After paying for the freight (prepaid), the shipper turns over the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchange for the bill of lading.(9) The shipper sends the B/L and other relevant documents to the bank for negotiation of payment.(10) The agent makes out for the ship a suitable number of copies of the export manifest (M/F) and freight manifest (F/M), which are required by the customs at the local port as well as other ports of call.(11) The consignee secures the B/L from the bank by effecting the payment for goods.(12) The consignee presents the B/L to the shipping company or agent in exchange for the delivery order (D/O), by which he takes delivery of goods at the warehouse.4. Not necessary.IV. Be familiar with each column of the shipping documents given below 略第2课 TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS (2)I. Translate the following Chinese terms into Englishmarine or ocean B/L receipt of goods shipped B/L direct B/Lclean B/L order B/L open B/L through B/Llong form B/L scheduled route multimodal transport operator liner B/Lcharter party freight charge maritime transportation documentestimated time of arrival (ETA)II. Translate the following English terms into Chinese运输合同的证明正本提单合法持有人集装箱识别码/集装箱号码附有条款提单/不清洁提单简式提单/略式提单货物所有权凭证/物权凭证记名提单转船提单备运提单可转让提单/可流通提单不可转让提单/不可流通提单多式联运提单租船提单出口舱单预计离开时间码头监管人员不清洁提单III. Judge whether the following statements are true or false1. T2. T3. F4. T5. FIV. Challenging questions for discussion1. The mate’s receipt.2. Bill of lading is a transport document issued by the carrier or its agent to the shipper admitting that goods have been received for shipment to a particular destination and stating the terms on which the goods are to be carried.3. bill of lading functions as a receipt of goods by the carrier evidencing receipt of the goods from the consignor, evidence of a contract of carriage between the shipper and the carrier containing the conditions on which transport is made, and a document of title to the goods in the sense that the lawful holder/owner of the B/L is the lawful owner of the goods and the carrier will only release the goods at the stipulated port of destination against the presentation of the original B/L.4. Fifteen types of marine B/L are mentioned in this part. They can be classified into the following categories in accordance with different criteria.(1) In terms of whether or not the goods are on boardShipped B/L (or On Board B/L) is issued by the carrier or its agent when all the goods are loaded on board the ship, and must bear the name of the ship and the date of shipment.Received for Shipment B/L is issued by the carrier or its agent when the goods are under his control before loaded on board the ship. The importer does not favor it, and usually the L/C will require the exporter to present shipped B/L for negotiation at the bank. However, with the development of container transport, received for shipment Bs/L are being increasingly applied.(2) On the basis of the apparent condition of goods notedW hen the shipping company writes on the B/L “The goods loaded are in apparent good order”, this B/L is a Clean B/L or an Unclaused B/L.When the shipping line gives such an indication as “The goods loaded are not in apparent good order” or “The packing is broken or … is polluted, etc.”, this B/L is a n Unclean B/L or a foul B/L or a claused B/L, and non-negotiable at the bank.(3) In the light of different characteristics of consigneesStraight B/L has a specified name in the column of consignee, which means that the goods can only be received by the specified person and the B/L cannot be transferred to a third person.Order B/L does not have a specified name but the phraseology of “To orde r”, or “To the order of …” in the column of consignee. This kind of B/L can be transferred to others by endorsement, thus called negotiable B/L, and widely used in international trade.Open B/L has neither the consignee’s name nor the phraseology of “To order” fill in the column of consignee. This type of B/L is also called negotiable B/L, and can be negotiable without endorsement, and ownership of the goods passes when the B/L is handed over to anyone. Owing to the exceedingly high risk involved, this B/L is rarely used.(4) In accordance with modes of transportUnder Direct B/L, the goods will be directly carried to the port of destination without transshipment. Under Transshipment B/L, the goods will be transshipped in transit.Through B/L is a development of these two Bs/L. Under Through B/L, the goods will at least be carried by two different modes of transport as sea-land or land-sea and taken charge of by different carriers during transport before arriving at the port of destination. A multimodal transport operator responsible for the whole voyage issues Combined Transport B/L, involving two or more different kinds of transport. This kind of B/L is usually used in container transport and may be a Received for Shipment B/L, but a Through B/L must be a Clean Shipped B/L.(5) In conformity with the detailed or simplified clausesLong Form B/L has detailed clauses printed on its back concerning the transport of goods so as to solve any possible transport disputes, while short Form B/L does not have such clauses on its back.(6) In compliance with the types of vesselLiner B/L is issued by the carrier when the goods are shipped on a regular liner vessel with scheduled route and reserved berth at destination, while charter party B/L is issued by a charterer of a ship to the exporter.5. Straight B/L has a specified name in the column of consignee, which means that the goods can only be received by the specified person and the B/L cannot be transferred to a third person. So it is also called non-negotiable B/L, and thus it is not commonly used in international trade and normally applies to high-value shipments or goods for special purposes.V. Make out the B/L according to the L/C given below略第3课 TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS (3)I. Translate the following Chinese terms into Englishmultimodal transport consignment note multimodal transport contract express delivery service courier receipt dock receipt multimodal transport document take delivery of goods port authority document for clearance Atlantic route short trafficsII. Translate the following English terms into Chinese航空运输克尽职责货运指示用于清关的源单据邮政特快专递服务敦豪速递公司联邦快递联合包裹服务公司铁路运单《国际公路货物运输公约》《国际铁路货物运输公约》III. Challenging questions for discussion1. The air waybill is approximately equivalent to the sea freight B/L, but it is not a document of title to goods or a negotiable instrument in the same way as is an ocean B/Lbecause the cargo would arrive at the destination airport days or sometimes weeks before the air waybill’s arrival via the banking system. Therefore, the consignee is allowed to take delivery of the goods before receiving the air waybill.2. A multimodal transport document evidences the contract of carriage of goods by at least two modes of transport, such as shipping by rail and by sea, issued by a multimodal transport operator under a multimodal transport contract.3. The difference between an MTD and a through B/L is as follows: Through B/L used for ocean transport always covers sea transport together with any other modes of transport, but multimodal transport document(MTD) may be applied to any kind of combined transport，not necessary connected with sea transport. This document can be either negotiable or non-negotiable, and usually non-negotiable.4. The function of a dock receipt is used to transfer responsibility when the export goods is moved by the domestic carrier to the port of shipment and left with the international carrier for movement to its final destination.IV. Be familiar with each column of the transport documents given below 略。

《物流英语》习题及答案1

第1单元物流概述Part V Listening and Speaking2. R eading practice. Please listen carefully to the following sentences read by teacher and translate them out.1)Logistics must make-work effectively.物流必须使生产经营有效。

2)Systems should exist at the macro or corporate level and view.物流系统必须是宏观的，是站在公司全局立场的。

3)Service more than has to expedite a shipment.服务不仅仅是快速装运货物。

4)So in a military sense, the term( logistics ' organization, army replenishments and material maintenance. 就军事意识而言，物流管理一词意即运输编制、军队补给和物料保养。

5)The introduction of containers and the development of information technology have brought about the development and improvement of logistics ' activities.货柜的发明以及信息技术发达，都从技术方面推动了物流活动的发展。

6)In other words, they are much more concerned with the flow of finished goods from the end of the production line to the customer.换句话说，公司更关注的是产成品从生产线到消费者手中的这一过程。

物流英语习题答案

物流英语习题答案1. What is the term used for the process of managing the flow and storage of goods and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet the requirements of customers?Answer: The term is "Supply Chain Management."2. What does the acronym '3PL' stand for in logistics? Answer: Third-Party Logistics.3. Which mode of transportation is considered the fastest for goods?Answer: Air freight is often considered the fastest mode of transportation.4. What is the term used to describe the process of moving goods from one place to another?Answer: The term is "Transportation."5. What is the role of a freight forwarder in logistics? Answer: A freight forwarder is responsible for arranging the transportation of goods, often on behalf of exporters and importers, and may also handle documentation and customs clearance.6. What is the meaning of 'warehousing' in the context of logistics?Answer: Warehousing refers to the practice of storing goodsfor a period of time before they are transported to theirfinal destination.7. What is the term used for the process of managing the movement and storage of materials within a warehouse?Answer: The term is "Inventory Management."8. What is the abbreviation for 'Electronic Data Interchange'? Answer: The abbreviation is 'EDI.'9. What is the role of a container terminal in the logistics chain?Answer: A container terminal is a facility where containersare transferred between different modes of transport, such as from ship to truck or rail.10. What does 'CFS' stand for in logistics?Answer: CFS stands for 'Container Freight Station,' which isa place where cargo is consolidated into shipping containers.11. What is the term used for the process of managing theflow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption in the most cost-effective manner? Answer: The term is "Logistics."12. What is the meaning of 'LCL' in shipping?Answer: LCL stands for 'Less than Container Load,' whichrefers to the shipment of goods that do not fill a shipping container.13. What is the term used to describe the process of managingthe flow of goods and services from the point of consumption to the point of origin in a reverse direction?Answer: The term is "Reverse Logistics."14. What does the acronym 'FCA' stand for in international trade?Answer: FCA stands for 'Free Carrier,' which is a term used in Incoterms to define the seller's responsibility for delivering goods to a carrier.15. What is the role of a customs broker in international trade?Answer: A customs broker is a professional who assists with the process of clearing goods through customs by preparing and submitting the necessary documentation and ensuring compliance with customs regulations.这些习题答案旨在帮助学习者掌握物流英语的关键术语和概念。

物流专业英语(第5版)Ch7 课后练习答案[4页]

Ch7 第7章Inventory Management第1课.I Form phrases资金周转Cash flow运输成本transport cost现场仓库field warehouse 网络结构Network structure 运输工具Transport vehicles 延期交货订单back- orders库存周转率客户服务Inventory _turnover__ customer service工作进程中的库存周转速度Work-in-process_ Inventory velocity存货单位Stock _units_____II. Fill in the blanks and put the sentences into Chinese1. The inventory requirements of a firm depend on the network structure and the desired level of customer service. 一个公司库存需求取决于其网络结构和所期望的客户服务水平。

2. Similarly, transport vehicles break down, raw materials may suddenly be unavailable.类似地，运输工具的故障会导致原材料的突然短缺。

3. For all of these reasons, inventory is utilized to ensure that customer needs are met even when the production process itself is interrupted.鉴于所有这些原因, 库存用来确保满足客户的需要, 既使在生产中断的时候.4.The finished products can be shipped to field warehouses where they are mixed to fillcustomer orders.产成品被运到当地的仓库, 进行组装以完成客户的订单。

物流专业英语课后答案

物流专业英语课后答案Chapter1Ⅰ.1、物流管理2、谈及，提及，说到3、以最大成本效益的方式4、物理协会5、信息管理6、另外，除此之外7、物流装置 8、也，同样Ⅱ.1、the transfer of goods；the most cost-effective2、hardware；information control3、materials；information4、it is about the flow and storage of goods5、goods, service, the point of consumption6、logistics strategies and activitiesⅢ.1、提到物流或物流管理，说法并不统一，不同的组织对此有不同的定义。

2、文明社会伊始，物流就已经存在，因而不是新鲜事。

3、然而说到现代物流，几乎所有商业界专业人士认为，尽管看不见，摸不着，物流却是最有挑战性和刺激性的工作之一。

4、现代物流关系到货物流和信息流的有效性和高效性。

商品物流往往从包装开始，而后经历运输、储存和配送等过程。

整个过程始终在物流标准化的前提下运行。

刘如意主编《物流英语》习题答案

Reference KeysChapter OneUnit One What is Logistics？Listeningt PracticeⅠ. Listen to the sentences three times and fill in the blanks with what you exactly heard.1. logistics potential, benefit, advantage2. improve, efficiency, locating3. process, flow, consumers4. view, unseen5. part, supply chain, efficient, effective, origin, consumption Ⅱ.Listen to the passage three times and fill in the blanks with what you exactly heard. deal with logistics department. around the world the point of origin deal with suppliers. located inⅢ.Listen to the dialogues three times and choose the right answer to each question. 1. A. 2. C. 3. A. 4. C 5. DVocabulary BuildingⅡ.Now combine the words in Column A with Column B to make right collocations. Example : supply chain.A Bconsumer collectingmaterial controllinginventory handlinginformation routingtransport responseComprehension ExercisesⅠ.Comprehension questions.1 For examples, transportation, distribution, warehousing and so on.2.Yes, it is. For example, everything we buy from retail stores is moved by all modes of transport.3. Transportation, warehousing, order processing, inventory controlling, routing, information collecting, material handling and so on.4.No, they are interrelated to each other. We should integrate them to achieve maximum profit.Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.我认为现代物流是世界上最令人兴奋的领域之一。

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Unit OneExercisesTask One VocabularyⅠ. Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.1.raw materials, final products2.replenishments3.Procurement4.Packaging5.DistributionⅡ. Match the words with their exact definitions.1-D 2-G 3-B 4-J 5-C 6-I 7-A 8-E 9-F 10-HTask Two Reading ComprehensionⅠ. Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.F2.F3.T4.F5.TⅡ. Cloze.1.average2.falls3.plant4.inventory5.warehouses6.shipments7.locations8.staff9.products 10.total 11.rise 12.optimum 13.illustration 14.customer ernment Task Three TranslationⅠ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1. 物资调运2. 产成品3. 及时付货4. 储存空间5. 方式选择6. 车辆调度7. 增值服务 8. 第三方物流9. 物流是为了满足客户需求而对商品、服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的高效率、高效益的正向或逆向流动及储存进行计划、实施与控制的过程。

10. 随着二十世纪七、八十年代北美经济的发展，交通运输的开放改变了商业领域的竞争面貌。

Ⅱ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into English.1. raw materials2. inventory management3. logistics mix4. carrier routing5. logistics channel6. profit margin7. supply chain management 8. Gulf War9. The main functions of logistics consist of procurement, transportation, package, distribution, distribution processing and information management etc.10. This new conception emphasizes on collaboration among companies within a supply chain, integrate faculties to optimize the overall benefits.Unit TwoExercisesTask One VocabularyⅠ.Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.1. Marketing2. information3. management4. logistics system5. systematic Ⅱ. Match the words with their exact definitions.1-H 2-E 3-J 4-A 5-I 6-B 7-C 8-D 9-F 10-GTask Two Reading ComprehensionⅠ. Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.F.Ⅱ. Cloze.rmation2.response3.nature4.central5.technology6.driving7.emergence8.operations9.distribution 10.customerTask Three TranslationⅠ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1. 采购订货2. 在途物资3. 客户服务4. 采购信息5. 通信基础设施6. 广义定义7. 信息处理8. 供应商选择9. 以更广阔的眼光来看，物流信息还包括商品交易信息和市场信息。

10. 这就是说，物流能够帮助企业有效地控制计划、协调和客户服务等活动。

Ⅱ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into English.1. consumers’ demand2. promotion activity3. narrow conception4. marketing plan5. customer analysis6. material requirement information management7. sub-systematic managing 8. warehouse management system9. Logistics information includes both the information from internal and external. Production information and inventory information are examples of internal information. Outside the enterprise, the information of public infrastructures and other competitive organizations is also very important.10. The object of logistics information management can involve goods conditions, stuff, facilities and equipment information, operation techniques and methods information, time-space information etc.Unit ThreeExercisesTask One VocabularyⅠ. Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.1.sufficient2.crucial3.determine4.approximate5.potentialⅡ. Match the words with their exact definitions.1-C 2-E 3-B 4-H 5-G 6- D 7-J 8-F 9-I 10-ATask Two Reading ComprehensionⅠ. Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.F2.T3.F4.T5.TⅡ. Cloze.1.somewhat2.meets3.make4.again5.product6.expectations7.greater8.when9.performance 10.so thatTask Three TranslationⅠ. Translate th e following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1.生产商2.批发商3.生产力4.生产型企业5.平均消费支出6.战略管理7.原材料 8.最终产品9.如果没有有效的采购行为，公司运做也许会遭到破坏，顾客服务水平也许会下降，而且长期的客户关系也许会遭到破坏。

10.在一个成功的企业中，最重要的一步就是采购经理进入高级管理人员的行列。

Ⅱ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into English.1. acquisition2. retailer3. negotiation4. competition5. stockout6. dependent upon7. deal with 8. at the right price9. So important is this process that over the years many organizations have developed large departments to deal with supplier transactions.10. While the percentage spent on purchased input does vary considerably across organizations, it is clear that the potential savings from strategic management of purchasing are considerable.Unit FourExercisesTask One VocabularyⅠ. Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.1.transmission2.access to3.accommodating4.availableponentⅡ. Match the words with their exact definitions.1-D 2-G 3-B 4-A 5-J 6- F 7-C 8-I 9-E 10-HTask Two Reading ComprehensionⅠ. Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.T2.F3.T4.F5.TⅡ. Cloze.1. consumed2. exchange3. surplus4. producers5. flow6. distribution7. objectivity8. minimum9. wholesales 10. profitabilityTask Three TranslationⅠ. Translate the following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1.冷冻运输2.门到门收货和送货3.原油4.运输交通5.管道运输6.固定成本7.大宗货物 8.超大型油轮9.一个借助互联网的分销网络，帮助经销商运营多重的商业模式与商业客户合作以获得更经济更顺畅的供应链。