Adjective and Adjective Phrase2
Adjectives and Adjective Phrases
2 — in terms of syntactic function: (1) central adjectives: able to be used both as modifier and as complement (2) peripheral adjectives: unable to satisfy both the requirements A attributive adjectives: only as modifier B predicative adjectives: only as complement of subject or object
1 contemptible\contemptuous A You are showing a _____ lack of courage. B Those who are ____ of public opinions are doomed to fail. 2 credible\credulous: A It is almost impossible to believe. It is hardly ____. B They are not ____ people who accept all the promises of the politicians.
1
contemptuous: showing contempt, scornful contemptible: deserving contempt 2 credulous: (too) ready to believe things, gullible credible: that can be believed, trustworthy 3 desirous: feeling desire, hopeful desirable: to be desired, worth having
英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编21
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编21(总分：90.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：8，分数：16.00)1.IC is the short form of immediate 1used in the study of syntax. (北二外2003研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：constituent）解析：解析：随接成分分析法是一种句法分析方法。
它指先把句子分析为直接成分一词组(或短语)，再把这些直接成分依次切分，得到各自的直接成分，层层切分，直到最终成分为止。
2. 1refers to ties and connections which exist within texts. They are also called formal links between sentences and between clauses. (人大2007研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Cohesion）解析：解析：衔接不是一个句法概念，它指文本中存在的一种意义上的联系或关系，也包括句子或分句之问存在的一种形式上的联系。
3.Coordination and subordination belong to 1construction.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：endocentric）解析：解析：向心结构包含一个作为整体结构的中心或核心的成分，该中心或核心可以在最后，也可以在开头。
从结构上可以划分为两类：主从结构和并列结构。
4.A 1sentence contains two clauses joined by a linking word, such as "and", "but" , or . （分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：coordinate）解析：解析：并列从句是指一个句子由两个分句组成，这两个分句通常是由如hut，and，or这些并列连渊来连接的。
短语：名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语-高一英语上学期期中考点解析(人教版2019必修第一册)
二、形容词短语 (AdjP)
Perceive and Find
➢ The man is tall and strong. 作__表__语___
No ➢Image
She
is
a
little
girl
lively
and
lovely.
作___定__语_______
➢ He found the movie very interesting. 作宾__语__补__足__语____
指出下列句子中画线形容词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
(1)The bridge is long and wide.作_____表__语_____ (2)She is a young but wise lady.作_____定__语_____
adj：活泼可爱的
(3)I found the book very interesting.作___宾_语__补__足__语__
短 高
一 英
语 语
期 中 考 试 复 习
语
介 词 短
词 短 语
动
短语分类
Prepositional Phrase
Verb Phrase Adverb Phrase
Adjective Phrase Noun Phrase
语
副 词 短
语
形 容 词 短
语
名 词 短
短 语 定 义
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
名词+定语从句
the book Tom sent to me
and连接的两个或两个以上的名词（短语）time and effort
7
注意：
一个名词前如果有两个或两个以上的限定词，那么限定词按先后顺序可分为前位、中位、
Adjectives and Adverbs
concerned/interested
4. As both but different in meaning-2
current
• (3) The present situation concerns all the students present. who are here who are not here • (4) There are some students absent from class and some listening to my lecture in an absent way. showing no interest • (5) The best textbook known is the best known textbook.
3. Only as postmodifiers
• 3) when modifying indefinite pronouns beginning with no-, some-, any-, every-, eg. • Do you hear something interesting?
3. Only as postmodifiers
3. Only as postmodifiers
• • • • • 1) location and time words 2) Adjectives beginning with a3) When modifying indefinite pronouns 4) Adjectives in pairs 5) Adjective phrases
BACK
2. Material nouns
• 2. material nouns and adjectives mostly ending in –en, such as medical, atomic, wooden, leaden, golden, silken, etc. • The medical student wears a silken T-shirt.
adjective phrase举例
在英语语法中，形容词短语（adjective phrase）是由一个或多个形容词和副词构成的短语，它通常被用来修饰名词或代词，从而给出更多的描述和信息。
形容词短语在句子中起着非常重要的作用，它们可以让句子更加生动、具体和丰富，增强句子的表达能力。
今天，我们就来探讨形容词短语，并举一些例子来加深理解。
1. "She is wearing a beautifully crafted dress."在这个例句中，"beautifully crafted"就是一个形容词短语，它由副词"beautifully"和形容词"crafted"组成。
这个形容词短语用来修饰后面的名词"dress"，给出了对这件连衣裙的更多描述和评价，让我们对这件连衣裙有了更加清晰的印象。
2. "The old, weathered book sat on the shelf."在这个例句中，"old"和"weathered"构成了一个形容词短语，用来修饰名词"book"。
它们帮助我们更生动地想象出那本书的状况，让整个场景更加具体和真实。
3. "He is a highly talented musician."在这个例句中，"highly talented"是一个形容词短语，它由副词"highly"和形容词"talented"组成。
这个形容词短语被用来描述音乐家，给出了对他的高度赞美，让我们对他的音乐才华有了更深的认识。
通过以上的例子，我们可以看到形容词短语在句子中的重要作用，它们能够丰富句子的表达，让句子更加具体和生动。
掌握好形容词短语的使用，将有助于我们写出更加富有魅力的文章，让读者更轻松地理解我们的观点和描述。
四级高频词汇剖析adjectivesandadverbs
四级高频词汇剖析adjectivesandadverbsAdjectives and Adverbs: A Comprehensive Analysis of Common Words in CET-4Introduction:In English, adjectives and adverbs play a crucial role in modifying and enhancing the meaning of nouns, verbs, and other adjectives or adverbs. By understanding and effectively using these words, language learners can significantly improve their writing and communication skills. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of common adjectives and adverbs frequently encountered in the CET-4 exams, along with their usage and examples.1. Adjectives:1.1 Comparative Adjectives:Comparative adjectives are used when comparing two things or people. They often end with "-er" or are preceded by the word "more." For example:- He is taller than me.- This book is more interesting than the previous one.1.2 Superlative Adjectives:Superlative adjectives are used when comparing three or more things or people. They often end with "-est" or are preceded by the word "most." For example:- She is the tallest girl in our class.- That was the most delicious cake I have ever tasted.1.3 Descriptive Adjectives:Descriptive adjectives describe or provide more information about a person, place, thing, or idea. They are commonly used in sentences to give a detailed description. For example:- The beautiful sunset painted the horizon with shades of orange and pink.- He is a talented musician who plays multiple instruments.2. Adverbs:2.1 Adverbs of Manner:Adverbs of manner describe how an action is performed. They often end with "-ly" and are used to modify verbs. For example:- She sings beautifully.- He speaks fluently in three different languages.2.2 Adverbs of Time:Adverbs of time indicate when an action occurred. They are used to modify verbs and often answer the question "when." For example:- I will meet him tomorrow.- They usually go jogging in the morning.2.3 Adverbs of Frequency:Adverbs of frequency indicate how often an action occurs. They are used to modify verbs and often answer the question "how often." For example:- He always arrives late to meetings.- They rarely go on vacation.3. Usage Tips:3.1 Avoid Overusing Adverbs:While adverbs can enhance writing, it is important not to overuse them. Instead, strive for more precise and descriptive language. For example:- Instead of saying "very beautiful," say "stunning" or "gorgeous."- Instead of saying "very quickly," say "swiftly" or "rapidly."3.2 Parallel Structure:Maintaining parallel structure is important when using adjectives and adverbs in a sentence. For example:- Incorrect: She is intelligent, kind, and sings beautifully.- Correct: She is intelligent, kind, and sings beautifully.Conclusion:Adjectives and adverbs are essential components of English speech and writing. By understanding their usage and applying them effectively, language learners can enhance their communication skills and excel in the CET-4 exam. This comprehensive analysis provides a solid foundation for utilizing adjectives and adverbs correctly, opening up a world of possibilitiesfor effective expression. Practice incorporating them into your daily language use, and you will soon experience significant improvement.。
Lecture 23 Adjective and Adjective Phrase
Lecture 23 Adjective and Adjective PhraseAdjectives are words giving a description of the quality or character of a person or a thing. They are used as modifying elements in a sentence.1.Classificaton of adjectives1)One –word and compound adjs.A one-word adj. may consist of only one free morpheme or a free morpheme as root plus a prefix or a suffix or both.Compound adjs. are formed in different ways.P387Some other compound adjs.:a)transformed from adverbial phrases:e.g.: round-the-clock discussionthe ahead-of-schedule general electionb)transformed from verb phrasese.g.: a stand-up collara see-through shirtc)condensed by attributive clausee.g.: an easy-to-paint portrait = a portrait which is easy to painta difficult-to-operate machined)formed by a sentencee.g.: He spoke in a look-who’s-talking tone.There was an I-told-you-so air on his face.2)Central and peripheral adjectivesIn terms of syntactic function, most adjs. can be used both as modifier in a noun phrase and as subj./obj. complement. These adjs. are labelled ―central adjs.‖, while ―peripheral adjectives‖ refer to the few which cannot satisfy both these requirements. P387a)adjs. can only function as modifiers:e.g.: live a live fishBut: the fish is still alive.Note: Adjs. from nouns mostly only function as modifiers:e.g.: a sports cartable legring fingerb)adjs. can only function as complement:(i)Words with initial letter ―a‖like: afraid, alike, alight, alive, alone, asleep,afloat, awake, aware….Note: these words cannot be used together with ―very‖, thus we say:fast asleepvery much alone/ all aloneWhen used as modifiers we have to use others words like:Alike→similar, alone →solitary, afloat →floating, afraid →frightened, awake →waking, asleep → sleeping, alive→ living/ live, aware → conscious ….(ii) Words like content, lit，ill and well only function as complementHe is ill/sickBut : a sick manI feel quite content.The candle is lit. 蜡烛点着了。
adj,adv
2.由-ed分词转化来的形容词 常见的有: alarmed,amazed,amused,balanced,bored, conceited,celebrated,civilized,disappoited, divided,educated,embarrassed,excited,ex hausted,fascinated,etc. 通常表示被动意义.
Lecture24-29
Adjective and Adjective phrase
一.形容词与分词 1.由-ing转化来的形容词 常见的有: absorbing,alarming,amusing,annoying,ast onishing,boring,challenging,changing,char ming,comforting,confusing,convincing,dari ng,deafening,disappointing,discouraging,di sturbing,etc.通常表示主动意义. P263
2.以后缀 结尾的形容词必用 以后缀ly结尾的形容词必用 以后缀 结尾的形容词必用more/most; Quickly----more quickly---most quickly; Carefully---more carefully----most carefully
3.不规则副词比较级 不规则副词比较级 Well----better----best; Badly----worse---worst; Much---more---most Far---farther---farthest Further---furthest
方式副词词组置于句尾较多. They live frugally. He always drives carefully. We all listened patiently.
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Lecture 23
Chinese Vs English
两个女生 这个句子太长了. 这个句子 太难了。 I am not well today. I am not good today.
Position
1Kevin always seemed such a ___boy___.( responsible) 2. Most of the __people ___in the battle are now dead. (involved) 3. There were over three hundred___ people__ at the meeting. ( present) 4. Clara and Adam were the ___children___ for the damage. ( responsible)
1 Classification of adjectives
1. One-word & Compound adjectives Big . Small . Good, hot , cold, bad …/ unkind, impossible, lovely…. a+a : bitter-sweet a+ing: good-looking n+adjective: grass-green…..
Assignment : Research Work
Your Requirement: 1. Topic : The Differences between Chinese Adjectives and English Adjectives 2. Focus on the positions and functions. Presentation: A4 Times New Room 12 Double Space Words: 150-300 Cover page
4. Gradable & non-gradable adjectives
Angry big busy comfortable common happy important …. Amazed awful huge useless…
2. Functions
1. Character is the real foundation of all worthwhile success.定 2. Life is sweeБайду номын сангаас .表 ３. Knowledge makes one gentle. 宾补 ４.If you act happy, you will feel happy.状 ５. Careful and careless are as different as fire and water.主
2. Central & Peripheral adjectives
Central : modifier/ subject object complement Peripheral: asleep
3. Dynamic and Stative adjectives
be being adj. Being poor, he had to drop out school. Mary is being quiet today. Mary is being pretty today. (X)