Adjective and Adverb
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Adj & adv3
●比较级中常用句型
•比较级+than +其它
•no+比较级+than
•the+比较级+of the two
•比较级+and+ 比较级
•the+比较级， the+比较级
• Tom jumped higher than Billy. • He is no stronger than yan you.
●最高级常见修饰语
1.He is far the strongest of us all.
2.She is much the best singer in her group.
is by far the largest continent in the world. 4.This is the very worst season of all. 常用词 ■far , much , by far, the very
much more：更不用说
●He doesn’t know French, much less German.
much less ：更不用说
●He is very ill, I am afraid he will soon be no more no more：none left, dead.
修饰比较级的常用词词语 far,even, much, still, yet, rather, by far, a little, the very, not any,any • • • • This play is much more interesting. He arrived even earlier than you. Is he any better than yesterday? 注意： He has many more books than you. a few He has much more food than you. a little
英语基础教程 ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Pridevniki opisujejo samostalnike.
Robert is a careful driver. Kakšen voznik je Robert? Pazljiv.
! Za pridevnikom (careful) vedno stoji samostalnik (driver). !
Prislovi opisujejo glagole.
Robert drives carefully. Kako vozi Robert? Pazljivo.
! Prislov (carefully) vedno stoji za glagolom (drives). !
We add –ly: bad + ly => badly dangerous + ly => dangerously
Find a suitable word in English or Slovene!
Ležalnik= krema za sončenje= podeželje= orientiranje= kravata= plavutke= plezanje= abroad= foreign=
bananin olupek= tent= ropar= gloves= spalna vreča=
This exercise is simple. You _______ have to put one word in each space.
Insert the correct form of of “must / mustn’t or not have to” 1. We ________ (use) electronic devices when we travel by plane. 2. Before entering a foreign country, we _______ (show) our passports. 3. It’s going to be a long journey. She ______ (come) if she doesn’t want to. 4. Children under 8 years old ________(be) with their parents. 5. You_____ (finish) writing the reports today. Tomorrow will be OK. 6. After a long-time injury, David ____________ (train) a lot to be fit. 7. When you come home, please be quiet. You _______ (wake) the baby. 8. Since we have two cars, you __________(wait) for us. 9. This is their last chance to qualify, they _____ (score) two goals. 10. People _____ (waste) water due to lack of water in the near future.
Robert is a careful driver. Kakšen voznik je Robert? Pazljiv.
! Za pridevnikom (careful) vedno stoji samostalnik (driver). !
Prislovi opisujejo glagole.
Robert drives carefully. Kako vozi Robert? Pazljivo.
! Prislov (carefully) vedno stoji za glagolom (drives). !
We add –ly: bad + ly => badly dangerous + ly => dangerously
Find a suitable word in English or Slovene!
Ležalnik= krema za sončenje= podeželje= orientiranje= kravata= plavutke= plezanje= abroad= foreign=
bananin olupek= tent= ropar= gloves= spalna vreča=
This exercise is simple. You _______ have to put one word in each space.
Insert the correct form of of “must / mustn’t or not have to” 1. We ________ (use) electronic devices when we travel by plane. 2. Before entering a foreign country, we _______ (show) our passports. 3. It’s going to be a long journey. She ______ (come) if she doesn’t want to. 4. Children under 8 years old ________(be) with their parents. 5. You_____ (finish) writing the reports today. Tomorrow will be OK. 6. After a long-time injury, David ____________ (train) a lot to be fit. 7. When you come home, please be quiet. You _______ (wake) the baby. 8. Since we have two cars, you __________(wait) for us. 9. This is their last chance to qualify, they _____ (score) two goals. 10. People _____ (waste) water due to lack of water in the near future.
Adjetive & Adverb
4. 当形容词后面接着一个介词短语时，要后置。 He is a man greedy for knowledge.
5.
同表示数量的词组连用时，形容词要后置。 It's a well 12 metres deep.
6. 某些通常用作表语的形容词如afraid, alive, alone, asleep, else等， 作定语时，形容词要后置。 Man alone has the gift of speech.
（一）形容词的种类及句法作用
1.
性质形容词 这类形容词是直接说明人或事物的性质、特征的形容词， 它们有等级变化，也可以用程度副词来修饰，在句中可作 定语、表语和宾语补足语。大部分形容词都是性质形容词。
The sweater is very beautiful. （作表语） I have a busy day. （作定语） We'll try our best to make our class more interesting. （作宾补）
（一）副词的种类
1. 时间副词如：now, usually, often, always, sometimes等。 2. 地点副词如：here, there，out, everywhere等。 3. 方式副词如：hard, well, fast, slowly等。 4. 程度副词如：very，much，still, almost等。 5. 疑问副词如：how，when，why, where等。 6. 连接副词如：whether, when, how等。
My father works hard. Tom speaks Chinese very well. Mr. Wang wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
adjective & adverb (1)
golden(金子般的) elder(年长的) right(右边的) daily(每天的) weekly(每周的)
（3）还有少数形容词，作表语和作定语时意义不一样。 ）还有少数形容词，作表语和作定语时意义不一样。 作表语 作定语 ill 生病的 邪恶的 hard 严厉的 努力的 certain 有把握的 某(一)个 present 出席的 当前的 Cf. Her aunt was ill. She has an ill aunt. Thirty guests were present at the ceremony. the present leader
副词
• 副词的作用则是修饰动词、形容词或另一副词， 副词的作用则是修饰动词、形容词或另一副词， 的作用则是修饰动词 在句子中作状语。 在句子中作状语。
1. 副词的种类 方式副词：修饰动词，表示动作进行的方式。 ① 方式副词：修饰动词，表示动作进行的方式。 hard, well, badly, fast, slowly… 可用于回答“ 一类的问题。 可用于回答“In what way …?”一类的问题。 一类的问题 一般以-ly结尾 结尾。 一般以 结尾。 程度副词：修饰形容词、副词，表示程度。 ② 程度副词：修饰形容词、副词，表示程度。 very, quite, much, still, almost … 可用于回答“ 一类的问题。 可用于回答“To what extent …?”一类的问题。 一类的问题 时间副词：表示动作发生的时间范围。 ③ 时间副词：表示动作发生的时间范围。 already, before, now, recently, soon, finally … 常用于回答“When …?”一类的问题。 常用于回答“ 一类的问题。 一类的问题 频度副词：修饰动词，表示动作发生的频率程度。 ④ 频度副词：修饰动词，表示动作发生的频率程度。 often, always, usually, early, never … 可用于回答“ 一类的问题。 可用于回答“How often …?”一类的问题。 一类的问题
adj[1].adv.
![adj[1].adv.](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/4007407831b765ce05081412.png)
( )1.Mr. Smith said to Billy, “Your ides sounds____.” (07) A) clearly B) fluently C) good D) loud ( ) 2.George was frightened to see a snake in the grass. His face turned_____(08) A) pale B) clean C) sadly D) happily ( )3.The dish smells very __________ A.nice B.terribly C.delicious
I have ___________ to tell youቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ.So would you please wait for me after class ? A.Anything important C.Important something B.something important D.nothing important
My Favourite Person As we all know, Edison was one of the greatest scientists in the world.He was born in America in 1847. Unluckily, when he was a child, his family was very poor, he couldn’t wear the nice clothes or go to the cinema to see films with his parents. So by the time he was twelve, he had become a newspaper boy. He sold newspapers hard on a train. He didn’t do well in study. So his mother felt terribly sorry about it and had to teach him herself at home. But Edison was not interested in all subjects; he only became interested in science. So he learned science carefully, he often asked people to teach him the difficult problems. He liked watching everything very carefully. He was clever enough to invent many useful things such as electric bulbs. His inventions were all very famous.
Adjectives and Adverbs
difficult reliable
concerned/interested
4. As both but different in meaning-2
current
• (3) The present situation concerns all the students present. who are here who are not here • (4) There are some students absent from class and some listening to my lecture in an absent way. showing no interest • (5) The best textbook known is the best known textbook.
3. Only as postmodifiers
• 3) when modifying indefinite pronouns beginning with no-, some-, any-, every-, eg. • Do you hear something interesting?
3. Only as postmodifiers
3. Only as postmodifiers
• • • • • 1) location and time words 2) Adjectives beginning with a3) When modifying indefinite pronouns 4) Adjectives in pairs 5) Adjective phrases
BACK
2. Material nouns
• 2. material nouns and adjectives mostly ending in –en, such as medical, atomic, wooden, leaden, golden, silken, etc. • The medical student wears a silken T-shirt.
concerned/interested
4. As both but different in meaning-2
current
• (3) The present situation concerns all the students present. who are here who are not here • (4) There are some students absent from class and some listening to my lecture in an absent way. showing no interest • (5) The best textbook known is the best known textbook.
3. Only as postmodifiers
• 3) when modifying indefinite pronouns beginning with no-, some-, any-, every-, eg. • Do you hear something interesting?
3. Only as postmodifiers
3. Only as postmodifiers
• • • • • 1) location and time words 2) Adjectives beginning with a3) When modifying indefinite pronouns 4) Adjectives in pairs 5) Adjective phrases
BACK
2. Material nouns
• 2. material nouns and adjectives mostly ending in –en, such as medical, atomic, wooden, leaden, golden, silken, etc. • The medical student wears a silken T-shirt.
Part 2, Topic 4, Adjectives and Adverbs in the Com
03
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
and Adverbs
Comparative level composition rules
One-syllable adjectives and adverbs
Add -er to the end of the word. For example, "fast" becomes "faster."
• Adjective phrases: An adjective phrase is a group of words that functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It typically consists of an adjective and its modifiers, such as adverbs or prepositional phrases (e.g., "extremely tall," "a beautiful red rose").
• Analysis of real questions and exam taking skills
• Summary, Review, and Extension
01
Basic Concepts and Classification of
These adjectives indicate the quantity or number of nouns, such as "many," "few," or "several."
These adjectives point out or identify nouns, such as "this," "that," "these," or "those."
23-25 Adjectives & Adverbs (2)
Premodifying and postmodifying
Premodifying: It was a rainy day. It was a rainy, windy, freezing day. It was a rather rainy, windy, freainy, thoroughly freezing day. Postmodifying:
例词 back, down, in, just, only, out, under, well, etc.
hereby, somehow, somewhere, therefore, whereupon, etc.
aback, away, afoot, around, apart, afloat, etc. arrow-fashion, parrot-fashion(鹦鹉学舌的) somehow, anyhow, etc. bat-like, crane-like, dog-like, etc. actively, medically, greatly, deeply, early, etc. French-style, Johnson-style, etc. backwards, downwards, forwards, upwards, etc. breadthways(横), crossways(交叉地), sideways, etc. clockwise, likewise, otherwise, etc.
Many adverbs end with ly Many adverbs answer the question “How?” These are adverbs • Eating quickly (modifying a verb) • Trying very hard (modifying an adverb) • A very funny film (modifying an adjective)
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形容词在句子中的作用
作表语：形容词通常在系动词之后作表语。 作表语：形容词通常在系动词之后作表语。 My dog is very intelligent. 真题 (2005年6月) 年 月 If I work in a small factory, it is not_____for me to gain such experience. A.weekly B.friendly C.likely D.lively 真题 (2004年12月) 年 月 It is reported that this medicine is_____against lung cancer. A.economic B.easy C.expensive D.effective 真题 (2006年6月) 年 月 It will be very ( help )_____ if each member presents his or her own opinion at the meeting. 真题 (2005年12月) 年 月 The children looked (health)_____with bright smiles on their faces.
形容词在句子中的作用
作状语： 作状语：形容词或形容词短语可以在句中作 状语,一般放于句首或句末 一般放于句首或句末。 状语 一般放于句首或句末。 Tired and hungry, they decided to find a restaurant first.
形容词在句子中的作用
作宾语补足语： 作宾语补足语：形容词作宾语补足语一般与 一些动词进行搭配使用。 一些动词进行搭配使用。常用的动词有 make(使得 keep(保持 get(变得 leave(保 使得), 保持), 变得), 使得 保持 变得 保 留)等。 等 Please keep the windows open. She has got everything ready.
Adjective and Adverb
形容词
形容词用以修饰名词或代词,描 形容词用以修饰名词或代词 描 绘人和事物的特征
形容词在句子中的作用
作定语： 作定语：大多数形容词可以作定语修饰名 词， 一般放在名词之前。 一般放在名词之前 A handsome boy is reading an interesting book.
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 :倍数表达法 倍数表达法 倍数+as+原级 原级+as 倍数 原级 This room is three times as large as that one. I study twice as hard as you. 倍数+ 倍数 比较级 + than… This room is two times larger than that one.
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 :最高级 最高级
表示两者之最： 比较级+of the two 表示两者之最：the+比较级 比较级 He is the taller of the two boys. 三者（以上）中之最： 最高级+of+个体名词 三者（以上）中之最： the+最高级 最高级 个体名词 He is the thinnest of the four brothers. 集体中之最： 最高级+in+集体名称 集体中之最：the+最高级 最高级 集体名称 Who is the best student in your class? “最……的之一 的之一”：one of+ the+最高级 复数名词 最高级+复数名词 最 的之一 最高级 The next is one of the easiest questions in this test.
形容词的位置
在下列情况下,形容词只能放在它所修饰的名词之后。 在下列情况下 形容词只能放在它所修饰的名词之后。 形容词只能放在它所修饰的名词之后 (1)形容词修饰 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything, someone, anyone 形容词修饰 等复合不定代词时后置。 等复合不定代词时后置。 Is there anything important in today’s paper? There’s nothing new in this clothes store. (2)大部分表语形容词，如ill(生病的 ，以及以 开头的形容词作定语时，常 大部分表语形容词， 生病的)， 开头的形容词作定语时， 大部分表语形容词 生病的 以及以-a开头的形容词作定语时 放在它们修饰的名词之后。 放在它们修饰的名词之后 The baby awake is my nephew. (3)为了表示强调，两个或两个以上的形容词并列出现，常放在所修饰的名 为了表示强调， 为了表示强调 两个或两个以上的形容词并列出现， 词之后。 词之后。 She is a beautiful girl, brave, clever and polite. (4)形容词短语一般后置，相当于一个定语从句 形容词短语一般后置， 形容词短语一般后置 相当于一个定语从句。 She has a small box full of diamonds. 。 (5)和表示空间，时间单位的词连用时。 和表示空间， 和表示空间 时间单位的词连用时。 a building thirty meters high a well ten meters deep
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 :原级比较 原级比较
表示两者同等程度 as+原级 原级+as (否定：not as+原级 原级+as ) 原级 原级 He is just as strong as I (am). This ball-pen is as good as that one. as+原级 原级+a/an+名词 名词+as 原级 名词 Tom is as clever a boy as Jack. as many+复数名词 复数名词+as 复数名词 I have as many stamps as you (have). as much+不可数名词 不可数名词+as 不可数名词 He can drink as much beer as his father（can）.
练习
2 Who do you think is the best writer A. live B. living C. lovely D. alive in the world?
3 _____help we got from him, the work seemed to be . A .Because, so B. If, so C. Neither, nor D. The more, the easier 4 I have never seen_____film. A. a less interesting B. the less interesting C. an interesting D. the most interesting 5 The weather was_____worse than I had expected. A.fairlyB. quite C. prettyD. rather 6 I paid_____I should pay. A. twice as much as B. twice as much C. twice so much D. much twice
练习
7 It is (certain) that our team will win in the competition. 8 (Obvious) the biggest difference between America and Britain is the people. 9 I went to bed (early) last night than usual. 10 Compared with Japanese, English is much to learn. (difficult) 11How wonderful. No one else can do any . (well)
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 :比较级 比较级
比较级+ande weather is getting warmer and warmer. I’m getting fatter and fatter. the+比较级 比较级…，the+比较级 “越…，就越 比较级… 越 ，就越…” 比较级 比较级 The more you read, the more knowledge you will get. The sooner, the better.
用作表语 She is not in. Mr.Lee was away.
形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
不规则变化表 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/ill worse old older/elder much/many more little less far farther/further 最高级 best worst oldest/eldest most least farthest/furthest
形容词比较级和最高级的用法 :比较级 比较级
比较级＋than （状语）＋比较级 状语） 比较级 He works much harder than you do. 真题 (2005年12月) 年 月 The survey shows that green food is becoming (popular)_____than traditional food. less+原级 原级+than(不如 不如) 原级 不如 He is less rich than the president.