轮机英语新版教材译文(党坤)
船舶类型 根据载运货物以及货物装卸方式的不同，船舶可分成不同的种类、船级、类型，详见表 1。 最大的三类船型是集装箱船、散货船(装运散装货物如谷物、煤炭、矿石等)和液货船。 上述船型又可根据船级和船型进行更详细的划分。因此，液货船又可以划分为油船、液化气 体船和散装液体化学品船，但是有些时候是组合式的，比如油船/化学品船。 表 1 仅给出了大体的分类。实际中，还有其他组合船型，如多用途散货集装箱船就是一 例。
二冲程循环从活塞离开其行程底部，即下止点(BDC)向上运行开始，气缸侧面的进气口 即扫气口是打开的(图 2-1(a))，排气口也是打开的。经压缩的新鲜空气充入气缸，通过排气 口将上一行程的残余废气吹出。
船舶可明显划分成不同的三个区域：货舱区、居住区和机舱。根据船舶的类型，每艘船 舶各个部分的大小和功能都多种多样。比如油船，货物区由多个纵向和横向隔壁分割成货舱。 其甲板上下均有大量的货物管系。杂货船有多个货舱，其宽度和船宽相当，沿船长方向由多 个横向隔壁分割而成。甲板装有货物装卸设备，并且货舱开口使用钢制货舱盖封闭。船上居 住区的面积将足够满足船员生活的需要，同时还为驾驶台和通信中心提供空间。机舱大小由 所安装的机器的类型以及必要的辅助设备所决定。不过，客船拥有较大的居住区以满足旅客 的需要。(客船)机舱因为需安装空调、减摇鳍以及其他和旅客相关的设备，所以空间可能会 较大。
低速柴油机 常见的典型低速柴油机的平面图和正面图如图 1-1 所示。在该布置图中，柴油机为六缸 直接驱动式。(图中)唯一可见的辅助设备为位于上层的柴油发电机和下层的空压机。机舱中
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的其他辅助设备包括另外的发电机、油水分离器、造水机、若干泵和换热器。辅锅炉和废气 换热器可安装于通往烟囱的机舱上部空间。在(机舱)上层，还有各种各样的工作间、仓库和 机械控制室。
√拖网渔船 √其他捕鱼船
√耙吸式挖泥船ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้√绞吸式挖泥船 √废石倾倒船
√起重船 √布缆船 √浮筒带缆船 √溢油回收船 √人字起重架
辅助小船 √远洋拖船 √港内拖船 √破冰船 √引航船 √巡逻船 √科考船
娱乐船
√摩托游艇 √帆船
（3） 其他各式船舶
√水翼艇 √浮船坞 √半潜平台 √浮桥、驳船
近海
√钻井装置 √钻探船 √管道铺设船 √浮式储油和卸油船
船舶尺寸 当船舶载货浮于水面时，其排水量与船舶所排水的重量相等，因此，船舶排水量与在密 度为 1.025 t/m3，的海水中不同装载的船舶总重量相等。船舶排水量包括船舶空载排水量及 船舶载重量，其中，船舶载重量即为船舶装载容量，包括船舶推进所需的燃料以及其他必需 品。因此，在任何情况下，船舶载重量代表了船舶实际排水量与空载排水量之间的差值，以 吨为单位表示为：
三台柴油发电机、焚烧炉和其他辅助设备位于一单独发电机房，其前面为集控室。
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第 2 课 船用柴油机是如何工作的
柴油机是一种内燃机，通过把燃油喷入高温高压的燃烧室而发火。船用柴油机是一种在 船上使用的柴油机。其工作原理如下：
一定量的新鲜空气被吸入或泵入气缸并被运动的活塞压缩至很高的压力。 空气被压缩时，温度升高，便点燃喷入气缸的油雾。燃油的燃烧对缸内空气的加热，使 空气膨胀并迫使发动机活塞对曲轴做功，随之驱动螺旋桨。 两次喷油期间的运转过程叫一个工作循环。它由一些程序固定的过程组成。这个循环可 在二行程或四行程内完成。四冲程柴油机的工作循环需要四个独立的活塞行程，即吸气、压 缩、膨胀和排气。如果我们把吸气和排气行程与压缩和膨胀行程结合起来，四冲程柴油机就 变成了二冲程柴油机。如图 2-1 (a)~(d)所示。
船舶载重量=船舶排水量一船舶空载排水量(t)
有时候，“吨”一词并不总能表示同样的重量。除公吨外，还有英吨(1 016 kg)，也叫“长 吨”，而“短吨”约为 907 kg。
船舶空载排水量并不常用来指示船舶尺寸大小，相反，基于船舶载重能力的船舶载重量， 包括燃油、滑油等常用来指示船舶的尺寸。
机械
布置 当今船上主要安装有三种类型的机械。它们各自的优点随着技术的进步和提高以及经济 方面的因素(如燃料价格)而变化。因此，在这里仅从工程的角度来谈机械的布置。这三种布 置涉及直接传动低速柴油机、带有齿轮箱的中速柴油机和带有齿轮箱驱动螺旋桨的蒸汽轮 机。 为有效工作，螺旋奖必须在低转速下运转。因此，不管原动机的转速如何，螺旋桨必须 保持转速为 80~100 r/min。低速柴油机的转速在此低转速范围之内，因此其曲轴可以和螺旋 桨轴直接相连；而中速柴油机的转速范围为 250~750 r/min，因此不能直接和螺旋桨轴直接 相连，(但)可采用减速齿轮箱来降低转速用于驱动螺旋桨。蒸汽轮机的转速很高，可达 6 000 r/min。同样，必须采用减速齿轮箱来降低转速用于驱动螺旋桨。
干货
单元货物(杂货)：
√集装箱船 √滚装船 √重货船 √冷藏船
散货： √散货船 √矿砂船
√牲畜船
表 1 船舶类型 （1） 液货
旅客
√原油船 √成品油船 √化学品船 √液化石油气/液化天然气船
√客船 √客、货轮渡 √游船
海军
渔业
（2） 多功能船
挖泥等
工程船
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√航母 √巡洋舰 √驱逐舰 √护卫舰 √潜艇 √扫雷舰
带齿轮减速器的中速柴油机 图 1-2 所示的火车轮渡船的机舱布置采用四台中速柴油机(500 r/min )。其齿轮装置以 170 r/min 的转速双螺旋驱动两个变距桨。减速装置驱动轴带发电机，用于提供海上所需电力。 在最低高度的机舱空间中，这种在机舱底部还布置有各种各样的泵及辅助机械。废气锅炉及 其烟囱位于左右两舷，紧靠船体板。
Part One Reading
第一篇 专业阅读
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第 1 单元 主推进装置
第 1 课 船舶和机械
船舶
船舶是大型、复杂的交通工具，必须具有较高的可靠性并能在其所在环境条件下，长时 间自行维持运行。船舶主要是两个技能领域的产品：造船工程师和轮机工程师。造船工程师 与船体、建造、船型、居住舱室以及适航性有关，而轮机工程师则负责用于船舶推进和操纵 的各种各样的系统。更确切地说，这些系统是指船舶推进、操舵、锚泊，以及船舶系固、货 物装卸、发电和配电所需的机械设备。造船和轮机工程师在某些方面的职责有重合，如螺旋 桨设计、降低噪声和减少船体振动，以及为船上的许多区域提供工程服务。
新版轮机英语Lesson29-satnd-by-engine
19. Open shut-off valve(截止阀) for starting air tank, close the drain valve on the starting air manifold（管路）.
打开起动空气瓶截止阀, 关闭主起动空 气管路放残阀。
油头冷却水柜加热系统投入使用, 加 热温度至60℃持续约2h。
If the engine is to be started on high viscosity fuel the temperature of the water should be raised to 77 to 82℃.
若柴油机用高黏性燃油起动, 则水温应 加热至77~ 82℃。
8. If hoppers（观察镜） or sight glasses are fitted check that there is an adequate flow of coolant through each piston, cylinder head, cylinder jacket, turbocharger casing and injector（油头）.
16. All hand oil- and greaselubricated （ 油 脂 润 滑 ） bearing must be checked to see that their lubrication is correct, the control linkage （连接） is well lubricated and easily operated（操控）.
4. Start up jacket water pumps and check pressures. Bring into operation the heating system of the cooling water.
Lesson 19 Cargo handling equipment (货物装卸设备) 轮机英语教学
Because of the availability of standard low cost gearboxes this arrangement is popular on light cranes.
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Variable capacity axial piston motors have the important advantage that light hook speeds can be increased up to four times from a given oil flow by reducing the motor capacity to 25 per cent of the maximum.
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In the cargo winch, spur reduction gearing transfers the motor drive to the barrel shaft.
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A warp end(卷绕端) may be fitted for operating the derrick topping lift (顶牵索) (the wire which adjusts the derrick height).
c) High static forces or torques can be achieved and maintained indefinitely(无限期 地).
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d) Complete safety and reliability is assured under the most difficult environmental conditions;
轮机英语考证单词讲诉
Lesson 1 Types of Diesel Engine 柴油机的类型Terms in the textParagraph 1diesel engine 柴油机mechanical engineer 机械工程师shipping industry 航运业propulsion 推进steam turbine 蒸汽涡轮机gas turbine 燃气涡轮机compression ignition engine 压燃机slow-speed engine 低速机medium-speed engine 中速机high-speed engine 高速机Paragraph 2two-stroke cycle 两冲程工作循环engine power 发动机功率KW (kilowatt) 千瓦component 部件rotational speed 转速power output 输出功率Paragraph 3large, slow-speed ,two-stroke marine diesel engine 大型，低速两冲程船用柴油机cylinder 气缸moving part 运动部件be coupled to 被连接到propeller 螺旋桨gearbox(reduction gear box) 减速齿轮箱reversible 可换向的reversing gear 换向齿轮controllable pitch propeller 可调螺距螺旋桨Paragraph 4merchant ship 商船fixed pitch propeller 固定螺距螺旋桨thrust force 推力be transferred to 被传递到hull 船体thrust bearing 推力轴承Paragraph 5speed range 速度范围r/min(revolutions per minute) 每分钟转速Ro-ro ship 滚装船passenger ship 客船electrical power generation engine 发电机cargo ship 货船Paragraph 6compact 紧凑的low quality heavy oil 质量差的重油application 应用Paragraph 7non-reversible 不可换向的astern thrust 倒车推力Paragraph 8utilize 利用tug 拖轮ferry 渡轮barge 小驳船emergency power generation 发电diesel driven emergency pump 柴油机驱动的应急泵compressor 压缩机Lesson 2 How does a marine diesel engine work? Terms in the textParagraph 1internal combustion engine 内燃机combustion chamber 燃烧室on board ship 在船上principle of operation 操作原理Paragraph 2a charge of fresh air 一股新鲜空气compress 压缩moving piston 正在运动的活塞Paragraph 3fine spray of fuel 细雾状的燃油air charge 充入的空气do work on 做功Paragraph 4working cycle 工作循环suction 吸气compression 压缩expansion 膨胀exhaust 排气revolution 转动，转速Paragraph 5revolve 转动clockwise 顺时针top dead centre 上止点fuel injector 喷油器，油头atomize 雾化droplet 滴fuel burning 燃油的燃烧work energy 工作能量burning fuel 燃烧的燃油exhaust valve 排气阀exhaust gas 废气nitrogen 氮气carbon dioxide 二氧化碳water vapor 水蒸汽scavenge port 扫气口pressurized air 增压空气scavenging 扫气bottom dead centre 下止点timing diagram 定时图Paragraph 7working stroke 工作冲程power stroke 动力冲程theoretically 理论上地swept volume 气缸工作容积inefficient scavenging 无效的扫气power advantage 功率优势valve operating mechanism 气阀操纵机构offset 抵消consume 消耗lubricating oil 滑油Paragraph 8result in 导致slow-speed main propulsion diesel低速主推进柴油机auxiliaries 辅机alternator 交流发电机Lesson 3 Diesel Engine Construction (Ⅰ)柴油机的结构Terms in the textParagraph 1bedplate 机座frame 机架welded design 焊接设计be bolted to 被螺栓连接到seating 底座double bottom of the ship 船舶的双层底secure 固定in transverse direction 在横向上by means of 借助于side-choke bolt 侧气垫螺栓in longitudinal direction 在纵向上end-choke bolt 端气垫螺栓Paragraph 2crankshaft 曲轴bearing 轴承cross girder 横梁main bearing 主轴承shell 轴瓦housing 瓦座machine 车削stud 双头螺栓bearing cap 轴承盖thrust block 推力快thrust bearing 推力轴承be integral with 与…成整体Paragraph 3A-shaped frame A字型机架entablature 气缸体be manufactured of 由…制成cast iron 铸铁fabricated steel 锻钢cast iron casing 铸铁框架scavenging air box 扫气箱vertical flange 垂直法兰chain transmission 链条传动camshaft 凸轮轴enclose 封闭cast iron casing 铸铁箱chain drive casing 链条传动箱Paragraph 4cylinder block 气缸体cooling jacket 冷却水套Paragraph 5tie rod 贯穿螺栓rigid construction 坚固结构deformation 变形in service 在使用中vibration 振动Paragraph 6cylinder liner 缸套alloyed cast iron 合金铸铁chromium-plated 镀铬的sealing 密封rubber ring 橡皮环slot 槽machine-turned 车削的Paragraph 7scavenging air port 扫气口expose 暴露，露出upper edge of the piston 活塞上边缘drill 钻孔at angle of 以…角度scavenging air 扫气空气rotary movement 旋转运动Paragraph 8cylinder cover 气缸盖special heat-resistant steel 特殊的耐热钢mount 安装guide 导板insert 插入groove 环槽conical part 锥体be carried out with care 小心完成sealing ring 密封环screw into 旋入cylinder frame 气缸体Paragraph 9drilling 钻孔cylinder lubrication 气缸润滑cooling water 冷却水uppermost part 最上部Paragraph 10exhaust valve 排气阀fuel valve 喷油阀starting valve 启东阀safety valve 安全阀indicator cock 示功旋塞cooling water inlet 冷却水的进口cooling water outlet 冷却水的出口exhaust valve cooling chamber 排气阀冷却水腔Lesson 4Diesel Engine Construction (Ⅱ)柴油机的结构Terms in the textParagraph 1piston 活塞piston rod 活塞杆a lower part 下部piston skirt 活塞裙an upper part 上部piston crown 活塞头piston rod 活塞杆machine-turned recess 车削的凹槽dowel pin 定位销piston ring 活塞环chromium-plated groove 镀铬的环槽narrow ring 窄环diagonal cut 斜切口overlapping end joint 重叠搭口oil distribution ring 布油环round 开倒角oil film 油膜running-in period 磨合期Paragraph 2thermal stress 热应力thin-wall intensively cooled piston 薄壁强冷活塞insert 插件cooling liquid flow 冷却液流intensify 加强cocktail effect 鸡尾振荡的冷却效果Paragraph 3bore 镗孔top flange 顶部法兰outside diameter 外径annular space 环形空间Paragraph 4nut 螺母dowel pin 定位销correct assembly of the components 部件正确的组装Paragraph 5journal 轴颈crosshead shoe 十字头滑块built-in 内装的crosshead guide 十字头导板engine frame 机架tap-bolt 锥体螺栓Paragraph 6white metal lined 内衬有白合金的groove 环槽cut horizontally 水平切割lubricating oil 滑油Paragraph 7bearing pressure 轴承承受的压力distribute evenly 平均分配peripheral speed 圆周速度later design 新型的设计Paragraph 8forced lubricating system 强制润滑系统cooling oil 冷却油cooling space 冷却空间telescopic pipe 伸缩管articulated pipe 铰链管duct 管子slotted pipe 开槽管control box 控制箱sight glass 观察镜Paragraph 9piston rod stuffing box 活塞杆填料箱scraper ring 刮油环coil spring 圈弹簧Paragraph 10connecting rod 连杆main bearing 主轴承crosshead bearing 十字头轴承crankpin bearing 曲柄销轴承cast steel 铸钢fitted bolt 拂配螺栓compression shim 压缩片bottom end bearing 下端轴承palm 端Paragraph 11white mental bearing surface 白合金轴承表面lubrication groove 滑油槽lubricating and cooling oil 滑油冷却油shims of different thickness 不同厚度的垫片shell 轴瓦adjustment of the bearing clearance 轴承间隙的调节Paragraph 12lubricating groove 滑油槽bearing cap 轴承盖stud 双头螺栓Paragraph 13forced feed lubrication system 强制润滑系统main bearing cap 主轴承盖channel 通道crankpin bearing 曲柄销轴承Paragraph 14built-up type 组合型semi-built type 半组合型forge 锻造be shrunk into 以红套方式嵌入crank throw 曲拐crank journal 曲柄销fully-built type 全组合型main journal 主轴颈displace from 错开balancing purpose 平衡的目的Lesson 5 Fuel Oil System 燃油系统Terms in the textParagraph 1heavy residual fuel oil 重油vary 变化quality 质量analysis 分析成分crude oil 石油原油refinery 精炼，提炼Paragraph 2specification 规格parameter 参数samples of the oil 油样Paragraph 3density 密度consignment 交货centrifuge 离心式分油机purification 净化Paragraph 4viscosity 粘度treat 处理Paragraph 5flash point 闪点Paragraph 6cetane number 十六烷值calorific value 发热值sulphur 硫carbon residual 残碳ash 灰分combustion product 燃烧产物maintenance 维护保养have a lot to do with 与…有很大关setting point 凝点specific gravity 比重water content 水分mechanical impurity 机械杂质Paragraph 7fuel oil system 燃油系统fuel supply system 燃油供应系统fuel injection system 燃油喷射系统deal with 涉及provision 供应Paragraph 8transfer 驳运storage tank 储油柜settling tank 沉淀柜sludge 油渣settle out 沉淀by gravity 依靠重力be drained off 被泄放purification system 净化系统discharge 排放dairy tank 日用柜service tank 日用柜lag 包扎conserve 保持Paragraph 9treated oil 已处理的油pressurized fuel system 已增压的燃油系统circulation connection inhibit 抑制boiling 蒸发gasification 气化cavitations 气蚀Paragraph 10(fuel) supply pump 供油泵returns 回流circulating pump 循环泵booster pump （燃油）增压泵heater 加热器viscosity regulator 粘度调节器fine filter 细过滤器oil at the correct viscosity 适当粘度的油Paragraph 11prime 灌注at uniform temperature 以相同的温度buffer 缓冲器venting tank 放气柜Paragraph 12safety device 安全装置alarm 报警detect 探测quick closing valve 速闭阀remote switch 遥控开关in emergency 在紧急情况下Paragraph 13a metered amount of fuel 计量的油timing mechanism 定时机构delivery 输送means 方法atomize the fuel 雾化燃油Paragraph 14Jerk pump (injection) system 脉动泵喷油系统barrel 套筒plunger 柱塞cam 凸轮dimension 标出尺寸displace 排放port 油口in combination with 合并slot 油槽timing of its entry to the cylinder 燃油进入气缸的定时spring-loaded needle valve 弹簧加载的针阀atomization 雾化Paragraph 15governor 调速器regulate the engine’s speed 调节发动机的速度quantity 数量flyweight type governor 飞重式调速器adjustable 可调节的regulating movement 调节动作be transmitted to 被传递到rod 杆built-in 机内的servomotor 伺服电动机gear-type 齿轮型Paragraph 16indication 迹象clear exhaust 清晰的废气power produced 产生的功率throttle 节流uneven 不均匀的knocking from cylinder 敲缸Paragraph 17resistance to flow 流动的阻力cSt(centistokes) 厘池Paragraph 18split up 分裂atomizer 雾化器Paragraph 19penetration 穿透力mix with 混合velocity 速度Paragraph 20turbulence 紊流compressed air 压缩空气Lesson 6 Cooling Water System 冷却水系统Terms in the textParagraph 1heat engine 热机heat energy 热能damage 损害respectively 分别地term 术语上称为fresh water cooling system 淡水冷却系统sea water cooling system 海水冷却系统Paragraph 2cylinder jacket 气缸冷却水套water cooled turbocharger 水冷的涡轮增压器Paragraph 3in duplicate 一式两份stand by 备用pressure relief valve 压力释放阀warning of pressure loss 失压警报warning of High or low tank level 高或低液位警报Paragraph 4fresh water cooler 淡水冷却器bypass valve 旁通阀possibility of sea water leakage into the system 海水泄露入系统的可能性Paragraph 5deposit of scale 水垢的沉积distilled water 蒸馏水pitting 起麻点，凹陷erosion 侵蚀acidic 酸性的corrosion 腐蚀inhibitor 抑制剂alkaline agent 碱性剂Paragraph 6chemical additive 化学添加剂nitrite-borate 亚硝酸盐a thin passive oxide surface layer 一层薄薄的氧化层treatment 处理zinc anode 锌阳极galvanized piping 镀锌管solder joint 焊接点Paragraph 7line diagram 管路图jacket water cooling 缸套冷却oil-cooled piston 油冷活塞Paragraph 8jacket cooling water system 缸套冷却水系统 a closed circuit 闭式水路reverse 相反provision 装置expansion of the water 水的膨胀entrain 夹带water make-up 水补给leakage 泄露a head tank 高置水柜an expansion tank 膨胀水柜atmosphere 大气small changes in volume 水量少量的变化accommodate 容纳，适应Paragraph 9closed system 闭式系统vent 放气steam pocket 气穴air lock 气塞vent pipes of small-bore tube 小口径的放气管release of air 放气facilitate 使…便利warming of the engine 暖机，暖缸prior to 在…之前auxiliary engine 副机couple 连接standby period 备车期间fresh water generator 造水机waste heat 废热Paragraph 10regulate 调节 a bypass (valve) 旁通阀jacket water cooler 缸套水冷却器proportion 比例bypass 旁通 a three-way valve 三通阀maintain a constant outlet water temperature 保持稳定的出口水温regardless of 不管，不顾Paragraph 11piston cooling water system 活塞冷却水系统be independent of 独立于contamination 污染in the event of 万一发生piston gland 活塞密封压盖Paragraph 12fuel valve cooling system 喷油阀冷却系统incorporate 包括Paragraph 13cooling liquid 冷却液individual cooler 单个的冷却器a central cooling system 中央冷却系统sea water circulated cooler 海水循环冷却器in contact with 与…接触Paragraph 14sea water circulating pump 海水循环泵lubricating oil cooler 滑油冷却器discharge overboard 排到舷外cool charge air 冷却增压空气Paragraph 15fresh water cooler 淡水冷却器fresh water generator 造水机merely 仅仅blind-flange 盲板法兰Lesson 7 Starting Air System 启动空气系统Terms in the textParagraph 1starting system 起动系统compressed air 压缩空气in the appropriate sequence 以适当的顺序a supply of compressed air 一定量的压缩空气air reservoir/bottle/receiver 空气瓶12 starts 十二次起动interlock 联锁装置not in order 处于异常状态Paragraph 2air compressor 空压机 a large bore pipe 大口径管道remote operating non-return valve 遥控操作的止回阀cylinder air start valve 气缸起动阀pilot air system 控制空气系统Paragraph 3pilot air 控制空气pilot air control valve起动控制阀air start lever 起动操纵杆，起动手柄air distributor 空气分配器camshaft 凸轮轴control cylinders of the cylinder air start valves 气缸起动阀的控制缸spring 弹簧Paragraph 4remote operating valve line 遥控阀管路turning gear 盘车机engage the turning gear 合上盘车机disengage the turning gear 脱开盘车机Paragraph 5be capable of 能够Multi-cylinder Vee type engine 多缸V型机one bank of cylinder 一组气缸Paragraph 6air start explosions 起动空气爆炸start air line 起动空气管路air start manifold 起动空气总管regular maintenance work 定期的维护保养工作take safety precautions 采取安全的预防措施occurrence 事故Paragraph 7deposit 沉积in the event of 万一adjacent to 相邻feed the fire 加剧火焰的燃烧lead to 导致an explosion in the pipeline 起动空气管路的爆炸maintain 维护保养drain 放残oil discharged from compressors 空压机排出的滑油Paragraph 8in an attempt to 试图flame trap 阻燃器relief valve 安全阀bursting cap 防爆帽disc 防爆片in addition 另外，此外an isolating non-return valve 独立的止回阀overheated air discharge 过热的压缩空气的排出pipeline 管线，管路，管系high temperature alarm 高温警报器fusible plug 易熔塞guard against 预防Lesson 8 Operation and maintenance of main engine主机的操作和维护保养Terms in the text.1.operating procedures 操作程序2.manoeuvring 操纵3.reversing gearbox 换向减速齿轮箱4.controllable pitch propeller 变距桨5.engine reversing 发动机的倒转6. a manufacturer’s instruction book 制造商的使用说明书7.consult 查阅8.preparation for standby 备车的准备9.warm through (up) the engine 暖缸10.circulate hot water through the jackets 循环热水通过缸套11.in relation to 与…有关12.supply tank 补给柜13.filter 过滤器14.drains 放残装置15.lubricating oil pump 滑油泵16.circulating water pump 循环水泵17.visible return可视的回流18.indicator cock示功考克19.turning gear 盘车机20.engage/put in 合上21.disengage/take out/remove脱开22.auxiliary scavenge blower 辅助扫气泵23.manually operated 手动地24.turn over the engine on (compressed)air依靠压缩空气转动发动机25.Engine starting26.direction handle 方向手柄27.ahead 正车28.astern 倒车29.telegraph reply lever 车钟应答手柄30.manoeuvring handle 操纵手柄，操车手柄31.separate air start button 独立的起动按钮32.firing speed 发火速度33.accelerate 加速34.air admission 空气的进入35.cease 停止36.Engine reversing 发动机换向37.manoeuvring speed 机动速度38. auxiliary blower 辅助鼓风机38.Maintenance39.routine maintenance 日常的维护保养40.nozzle 喷嘴41.free from coke 积碳42.heavy oil containing asphalt 含有沥青的重油43.deposit 沉积44.nozzle hole 喷嘴小孔45.impair 受损害46.smoky exhaust 冒黑烟的废气47.When necessary48.insert/element 滤芯49.defect 缺陷，不足50.nipple 喷嘴51.scavenging pump 扫气泵52.catch device 接合处53.manoeuvring segment 操纵部件54.grease 油脂55.lubricant 润滑剂56.turbocharged engine 增压式的发动机57.protecting cap 保护罩58.After about 300 hours’ running59.air intake strainer 进气空气的过滤器60.tightening 上紧，预紧力61.stay-bolt nut撑杆螺栓的螺母62.After about 2000 hours running63.scraper ring 刮油环64.under unfavorable working condition 在不利的工作情况下65.poor quality 质量差的66.ring piston blower 环形活塞式扫气泵67.dismount 拆下68.charge valve 排气阀69.slackness 松紧度70.partition （cylinder）wall 部分缸壁71.outer radial clearance 外向径向间隙72.housing 外壳73.elastic coupling rubber bushes 弹性连接器橡皮垫子74.After about 4000 hours running75.plant having lubricating oil tank 带有滑油柜的装置76.wet sump 湿的油底壳77.replacement 更换78.gear wheel 齿轮79.tightness of water and oil system 油水密封系统80.alignment 对中81.misalignment 失中80 After about 8000 hours running81.. dismantle 拆卸82.working piston 工作活塞83.oil chamber 油腔84.deposit 沉积物85.bottom and top end bearings 上下端轴承86.silencer 消音器87.soot 灰88.coke deposit 积碳89.After about 16000 hours running90.brass 铜套91.measure the wear 测量磨损量92.crack 裂纹Unit 2 Auxiliary Machinery辅助机械Lesson 9 Marine Boiler 船用锅炉Terms in the text.Paragraph 1steam turbine 蒸汽涡轮机auxiliary machine 辅机windlass 起锚机fire-tube boiler 火管锅炉smoke tube boiler 烟管锅炉donkey boiler 辅助锅炉water-tube boiler 水管锅炉Paragraph 2diagram 图 a cylindrical steel shell 圆柱形钢外壳furnace 炉膛 a smoke box 烟箱horizontal tube 水平管uptakes 上升烟道waste gases 废气Paragraph 3riveted and welded construction 铆接和焊接结构poor quality feed water 质量差的给水generate more power 产生更多的动力low pressure steam production 低压蒸汽的产生auxiliary purpose 辅助目的Paragraph 4replace 更换generate high-pressure ,high-temperature, high capacity steam 产生高压高温大产气量的蒸汽cargo pump turbine 货油泵涡轮机steam drum 汽筒water drum 水筒banks of tubes 管束a fireproof casing 耐热的外壳downcomer 下降管feeder 给水器paragraph 5transfer to 传递到a reservoir of relatively cool water 相当冷的水柜convection current 对流generating tubes 产汽管radiant heat 辐射热furnace gases 炉膛烟气superheater 过热器rows of tubes 排管paragraph 6gauge 仪表attach to 连接boiler mountings 锅炉附件safety valve 安全阀to protect the boiler against overpressure 保护锅炉以免超压a main (steam) stop valve 主蒸汽截止阀to control the passage of steam to the engine 控制蒸汽进入发动机feed check valve 给水止回阀to control the final entry of water into the boiler 控制给水最后进入锅炉water lever indicators 水位显示器to show the level in the boiler 显示锅炉的水位a blow-down valve 下排污阀to enable water to be blown down or emptied from the boiler 使水能够从锅炉里排放及放空a scum valve 上排污阀removal of scum and impurities 去除浮渣和杂质thermometer 温度计to blow away soot 吹灰productions of combustion 燃烧产物soot blower 吹灰器salinometer valve 盐度计阀sample of water 给水水样chemical dosing valve 化学品投放阀Lesson 10 Boiler Management 锅炉管理Terms in the text.Paragraph 1general management principles 一般的管理原则operating procedures 操作程序mishap 故障Paragraph 2small package boiler 小型组装锅炉automatic control sequence 自动控制顺序a diesel oil supply 柴油供油facilitate 便利starting from cold 冷炉启动flush through with diesel oil 用柴油彻底冲洗on light duty 低负荷secure the boiler 停炉diesel fuel 柴油burner tip 燃烧器的前端light 点火shut off fuel 切断燃油vent furnace 炉膛通风Paragraph 3complete ignition of fuel 燃油的完全燃烧smoke indicator 排烟指示器funnel 烟囱incandescent 发白热光的an orange shade 橘色色调flame tip 火焰前端a faint brownish haze 淡灰色的轻烟primary swirler 主配风器air register 调风器Paragraph 4PH value PH值density 浓度PPM 百万分之concentration 浓度suspended matter 悬浮物blowdown 下排污sludge content 渣含量low water cut-out 低水位切断floating scum 浮渣Paragraph 5igniter electrodes 点火器电极carbon deposit 积碳Paragraph 6brush 冲刷at six-month intervals 每六个月的间隔oil-burning section 燃油部件 a wire bristle brush 短毛钢丝刷feed water treatment 给水处理Paragraph 7steaming 产汽input 输入waste heat recovery plant 废气回收装置free from hazard 无危险deterioration 恶化scale 水垢water level controller 水位控制器operable 可操作的external steam-using plant 外部使用蒸汽装置water carry-out danger 汽水共腾Paragraph 8closed dry storage 干燥密封储存desiccant 干燥剂steam-heated coil 蒸汽加热盘管Paragraph 9boiler protecting device 锅炉保护装置Paragraph 10drum-mounted water level indicator 安装在锅筒上的水位显示器remote water level indicator 远距离水位器discrepancy 差距contribute to 归于failure 故障shortage of water 缺少oil-fired 燃油的sigh glass 观察镜resolve 恢复Paragraph 11bulge 飘曲变形fracture 破裂Burst 爆裂remote tripping of fuel supply valve 燃油阀的速闭阀forced draught air pressure 强制通风压力relieve 释放metallic fracture 金属破裂practicable 实践可行的Paragraph 12air/fuel ratio 燃油空气比grease 加油脂润滑Paragraph 13high salinity alarm 高盐度报警condensate system 冷凝系统elimination 去除contamination 污染Paragraph 14take safety precautions 采取安全的预防措施boiler under steam 产汽锅炉Lesson 11 Type and Construction of Marine Pump船用泵的类型和结构Terms in the Text.Paragraph 1build up a pressure 建立压力pumping action 泵作用pipe work 管路characteristics 特点Paragraph 2(positive) displacement pump 容积式泵centrifugal pump 离心泵reciprocating pump 往复泵rotary pump 回转泵direct acting reciprocating pump 直接作用式往复泵power type reciprocating pump 动力驱动式往复泵crank-fly wheel type reciprocating pump 曲轴飞轮驱动式往复泵gear pump 齿轮泵vane pump 叶片泵screw pump 螺杆泵piston type rotary pump 柱塞式叶片泵volute type w蜗壳式diffuser type 导轮式mixed-flow type 混流式axial-flow 轴流式turbine type 涡轮式regenerative type 再生式Paragraph 3volume 容积 a reciprocating action 往复作用a rotating unit 回转装置Paragraph 4double-acting 双作用的discharge valve 排出阀suction stroke 吸入冲程Paragraph 5a relief valve 释放阀suction and discharge chamber 吸排室discharge line 排出管Paragraph 6self-priming 自吸式的suction lift 吸入高度discharge pressure 排出压力vapor 气体entrained gases 携带的气体complicated in construction 结构复杂Paragraph 7lift 抬起damage 损害Paragraph 8regardless of 不管rupture 破裂throughput 流通量abrasive 磨蚀的helices(helix的复数) 螺旋管clearance 间隙Paragraph 9impeller rotating at high speed 高速旋转的叶轮centrifugal force 离心力periphery 外围delivery outlet 排出口Paragraph 10a vertical, single stage ,single entry ,centrifugal pump 直立，单极，单侧吸入离心泵general marine duties 通用船用pumping element(assembly) 泵转子组件top cover 顶盖pump shaft 泵轴bearing bush 轴承套sealing arrangement 密封装置a packed gland 填料箱式密封压盖 a mechanical seal 机械密封replaceable wear ring 可更换耐磨环Paragraph 11priming unit 自吸装置prime 引水灌注delivery valve 输出阀Paragraph 12shaft seal 轴封gland 密封压盖loss of performance 失去性能minor or major overhaul 小修或大修suction strainer 吸口过滤器priming system 自吸系统choke 堵塞Paragraph 13discharge a near constant amount of liquid 排出几乎等量的液体a bursting pressure 破坏性的压力stall 堵转nonpositive 非容积式的Paragraph 14moderate 中等的 a number of impellers in series 叶轮串联to attain a high final delivery pressure 获得很高的最终输出压力nonpulsating 无脉动的Lesson 12 Centrifugal Pump-Maintenance, OperationProblems and Remedies离心泵- 维护保养，操作问题和解决办法Terms in the Text.trouble-free service 无故障使用typical 典型的cavitation 气蚀atmospheric pressure 大气压wear and tear 磨损Operational problems 操作中的问题water mass 水团eye of impeller 叶轮中心的小眼vacuum 真空saturation temperature 饱和温度prevailing vacuum 当时的真空evaporate 蒸发vapor bubble 气泡unstable 不稳定的implosion 内向爆炸pitting 麻点状腐蚀adjoining material 临近的材料wastage 损耗net positive suction head 负吸力压头replacement 更换remedy 修复apart from 除外…还有be coated with 涂…hard epoxy layer 坚硬的环氧层friction 摩擦wear rings 耐磨环reduction in volumetric efficiency 容积效率的降低gland packing 密封压盖sleeve 轴套wearing off 磨损consume 消耗Removal of Pump for Inspection and Maintenance 拆下泵检查和维护保养1 isolate 独立的electrical circuit breaker 电路断路器main switchboard主配电盘 a warning notice 警告2 switch off 关local supply panel 机旁供电板3 hand wheel 手轮4 drain valve 放残阀cease 停止crack open 稍稍打开5 shackle 卸扣lifting pad eye 吊眼chain block 差动滑车SWL 安全工作负荷sling 吊货索6 center-punch 冲子match 匹配7 motor supply cable 马达供电线tap 轻敲bare ends 裸露insulating tape 绝缘带8 eyebolt 吊环螺栓clear of 远离overhead 高处的out of harm’s way 安全地带cardboard 纸板masking tape 遮蔽胶带9 disconnect 脱开10 scrape off 刮去mating surface 啮合面gasket 密封圈assembly 组件smear of 涂13 reassemble 重新组装stagger 错开Inspection Procedure for Pump and Motor泵及驱动马达的检查程序Pump1 volute 蜗壳2 two-part alloy epoxy putty3 main drive shaft bearing 主驱动轴的轴承thrust bearing 推力轴承4 feeler gauge 塞尺5 keyway 键槽unscrew 拧出thread 螺纹retighten 重新上紧manufacturers torque settings 制造商的转矩设定值6 residue 残留物7 enter 记录maintenance record card 维护保养记录卡Drive motor1 grip 夹住axial and longitudinal movement 轴向和纵向运动2 Megger 兆欧表motor windings 马达线圈dampness 潮湿rotor and stator 转子和定子3 grease bearing 用油脂润滑轴承Procedure to start the pumpexpel air 驱气reinstate breaker 重新恢复断路器current 电流Lesson 13 Marine Refrigeration 船舶制冷Terms in the Text.Paragraph 1refrigeration 制冷surroundings 环境space being cooled 被冷却的空间air conditioning 空调entail 需要marine refrigeration plant 船用制冷装置vapor refrigeration cycle 蒸汽制冷循环Paragraph 2compressor 压缩机condenser 冷凝器expansion valve 膨胀阀evaporator 蒸发器cooling coil 冷却盘管refrigeration fluid 制冷液refrigerant 制冷剂vaporize 蒸发liquefy 液化refrigeration cycle 制冷循环boil 沸腾condense 冷凝saturation temperature 饱和温度vaporized refrigerant 已蒸发的制冷剂promote 促进Paragraph 3domestic refrigerator 船内的冰机latent heat 潜热cooling medium 冷却媒介物(liquid) receiver 储液器Paragraph 4regulator调节器throttling effect 节流作用delivery pressure 排出压力Paragraph 5pressure drop 压降boil off 蒸发remainder 剩余物Paragraph 6throttle 节流maintain the pressure difference 保持压差thermostatically 热力地Paragraph 7evaporator coil 蒸发器盘管give up 释放Paragraph 9overcharge 充剂过多Paragraph 10refrigerant charge 制冷剂的充注purge valve 驱气阀vent off air 放气Paragraph 11under-charge 充剂不足sight glass 观察玻璃镜rectification 修复Freon plant 氟利昂装置a leak detector lamp 检漏灯concentration 溶度Paragraph 12drier 干燥器drying chemicals 干燥剂Paragraph 13high pressure cut-outs 高压继电器low pressure cut-outs 低压继电器(lubricating) oil failure cut-outs 滑油失压继电器bursting discs 防爆片Lesson 14 Air Conditioning System 空调系统Terms in the Text.Paragraph 1climate condition 气候条件acceptable 可接受的relative humidity 相对湿度in conjunction with 连同human comfort 人体的舒适water vapor pressure 水蒸汽的压力saturated vapor pressure 饱和蒸汽的压力Paragraph 2individual unit system 独立空调系统fan 风机air cooler 空气冷却器central system 中央空调系统output 输出 a variety of means 各种方法a simple direct expansion ducted system 简单的直接膨胀式风管系统the single duct 单风管the twin duct 双风管single duct with reheat 带有再加热的单风管Paragraph 3conditioned air 已被调节的空气cabin 舱室via 通过re-circulated air 再循环的空气dehumidify 除湿humidify 加湿electric heating element 电加热部件conditioned space 空调间variation of the volume flow of air 空气流动量的变化Paragraph 4flexibility 灵活性Paragraph 5treated space 被处理空间thermostat setting 温控器的设定Paragraph 6a direct-expansion system 直接膨胀系统a reciprocating compressor 往复式压缩机sea water cooled condenser 海水冷却的冷凝器a thermostatically controlled regulating valve 温控调节阀air to be cooled 将被冷却的空气cooling effect 冷却效果facility 便利Paragraph 7air conditioning appliance 空调设施thermostat 温控器in extreme weather conditions 在极端天气下capacity 调节量under tropical condition 在热带天气下arise 出现in intermediate weather condition 在中等天气下by trial and error 反复试验ease 缓和chilled brine 冷盐水lower 降低progressively 逐渐地Paragraph 8porthole 舷窗go through accommodation 巡视生活去wet and dry bulb temperature 干湿球温度keep a log of 保留记录malfunction 故障Paragraph 9quantity of cooled air delivered by an conditioning unit空调输出冷风量quantity of air recirculated to the unit 再循环回空调的风量quantity (of air) mechanically exhausted 机械排风量supply fan 供风机exhaust fan 排风机upset the balance 破坏平衡Paragraph 10air filter 空气过滤器washable 可洗的disposable 一次性的Paragraph 11fan belt 风机皮带greasing of linkage 连接器的油脂润滑cooled air duct 冷风管insulation vapor seal 隔热气密a plastic film vapor seal 塑料膜气密drip patch 水滴块damp patch 潮湿块ceiling 天花板Lesson 15 Oily Water Separator油水分离器Terms in the textParagraph 1oily water separator 油水分离器aboard 在船上discharge of oil overboard 排油到舷外bilges 舱底水deballast 排压载水international legislation 国际立法oily emulsion 油类乳化物photosynthesis 光合作用re-aeration 再充气algae 藻类plankton 浮游生物inshore 近岸的compulsory 强制的ocean going ship 远洋船annexure 附录Paragraph 3criteria 标准type-approval certificate 型号认可的证书inter-connected 互相连接的common bed 共同的底座water passage pipe 出水管oil discharge pipe 排油管1st chamber 第一腔室rough separation 粗分离specific gravity 比重relative density 相对密度multiple parallel plate 多层平行的分离盘separating compartment 分离室layer 层micron 微米2nd chamber 第二腔室coalescer 凝聚过滤器coagulate 凝固stainless steel 不锈钢heat/corrosion resistant glass fibre 抗热和抗腐蚀玻璃纤维fine filter element 细过滤器的部件contaminate 污染Pipe between the 1st and 2nd chamber 第一腔室和第二腔室间的管子T-shaped strainer T型过滤器 a non-return valve 止回阀T-shape strainer T型过滤器self-cleaning type 自清型的arrest 捕集foreign matter 外来物质50 mesh/inch 50英寸的筛孔Oil discharge pipe 排油管solenoid valve 电磁阀globe valve 球阀Automatic oil discharge device 自动排油装置an oil level detecting probe 油位探针direct drive type 直接驱动式Y-type strainer Y型过滤器Oil level detector 油位探测器oil level detector 油位探测器activate alarm 启动报警oil/water interface 油水混合物的分界面Heating equipment 加热设备steam heater 蒸汽加热器separated oil 被分离出来的油Lesson 16 Sewage Treatment Device生活污水处理装置Terms in the text1 Summaryclean SBT Series 干净的专用压载舱系列compact sized sewage treatment system 紧凑型生活污水处理系统superior performance capabilities 高性能marine installation 船用装置submerged Bil-filter Treatment System 淹没式生物滤器处理系统transposition 调换sterilization compartment 灭菌室pitch and roll 纵摇横摇accommodate 容纳effluent 污水Marine Sanitation Device 船用污水装置U.S. Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队BOD 生物耗氧量SS 悬浮固体量Coliform bacteria 大肠型细菌2 Construction2.1 General of Bio-filter Methodbiological film 生物膜packing media 填料aeration 曝气organic matter 有机物质biochemical oxidation 生化氧化2.2 Constructiona. Bio-filter Tank 生物过滤柜foreign object 外来物质screen 网break up 分裂microorganism 微生物b. sterilization compartment 灭菌室disinfect 消毒chemical sterilizing tube 化学消毒管Lesson 17 Oil Separator 分油机Terms in the textparagraph 1suspended solids 悬浮固体物immiscible 不溶的。
《轮机英语》汉英互译
二、气缸 和气 缸盖
在扫气箱上部，每个气缸装有一个坚固的铸铁框架。这些框架称作气缸体或冷却水套，并
带有垂直法兰，与扫气箱一样，可用螺栓将各框架连成首尾两组。
基座、机架和气缸体用长贯穿螺栓连到一起，形成一个较大的坚实结构，减少了使用时产
生的变形及振动。
气缸套由铸铁制造，缸套表面有时镀铬。气缸套向下延伸到扫气箱。缸套与扫气箱顶部
当活塞上行到行程底部，即上止点（
时空气的压力和温度都上升到很高的数值。此时喷
油器把很细的油雾喷入炽热的空气中，燃烧开始，在气体中产生更高的压力。
随着高压气体的膨胀，活塞被推动下行「图
」直到它打开排气口，燃烧过的气体开始
排 出［ 图
，活塞继续下行直到它打开进气口，另一个循环开始。
在二冲程柴油机中，曲轴转一周产生一个动力行程，即做功行程；而在四冲程柴油机中，曲
使发动机活塞对曲轴做功，随之驱动螺旋桨． 两次 喷油期间 的运转过 程叫一个 工作循环 。它
由一些程序固定的过程组成。这个循环可在二个行程或四个行程内完成。四冲程柴油机的工
作循环需四个独立的活塞行程，即吸气、压缩、膨胀和排气。如果我们把吸气和排气行程与压
缩和膨胀行程结合起来，四冲程柴油机就变成了二冲程柴油机，如图
课文注释
机座在大多数情况下是焊接结构，用螺栓固定在构成船舶双层底的底座上。
该句为复合句，包含由
引导的两个定语从句，分别限制主语
和宾语
它在横向借助于侧楔垫螺栓，在纵向借助于端楔垫螺栓固定。 该句为并列句，由 连 接 。第二个分句省略了“
形机架顶部有一个结实的框架结构叫扫气箱。 该扫气箱分若干段，每段均带有垂直法
兰，通过螺栓可将它们在链传动装置前
缸的部分连成一体，链传动装置后
新版轮机英语UNIT2_how_does_a_diesel_engine_work
Fuel injector Exhaust valve Inlet valve Combustion chamber Piston ring Piston pin Piston Cylinder crankshaft Crank web Connecting rod
Four-stroke diesel engine
The
exhaust ports are uncovered also. Pressurized fresh air charges into the cylinder, blowing out any residual exhaust gases from the last stroke through the exhaust ports.
Fuel injector
Fuel injector
扫气口 Scavenge port
Exhaust valve
Exhaust port
Piston pin Piston rod
Crosshead
Two-stroke Engine
Cross scavenge system
Connecting rod
The
marine diesel engine is a type of diesel engine used on ships. The principle of its operation is as follows:
A charge of fresh air is drawn （吸入） or pumped into the engine cylinder( 气 缸 ) and then compressed（压缩） by the moving piston( 活 塞 ) to very high pressure.
新版轮机英语UNIT11_a leap in techology for marine engines
• as well as offer full control of energy management, giving fuel economy that is second to none in its class down to 170g／kW· h.
• Like on the larger ME-engine, the Alpha Lubricator is standard, with the benefit （受益） of very low total lube oil consumption.
• Speed
• Mean piston speed • Power • SFOC
146 r／min
8.6 m／s 1,135 kW／cyl 170-175 g／kW· h
• Advanced, user-friendly（用户友好的）, electronic control of fuel injection provide owners with an efficient way for emission control（排放控制） to meet current（现在的，通用的） and future environmental requirements,
• Thus there are at least two highpressure pumps to every machine, ensuring that the pressure necessary for fuel injection is available, even if one pump fails.
New marine engines
• In June, 2006, MAN B＆W Diesel introduced two new engines S35ME-B and S40ME-B.
新版轮机英语
Average cable speeds vary between 5-7 m/sec during this operation
2.The windlass must be able heave a certain weight of cable at a specified speed（额定转速） .
3.The braking effort（刹车效果） obtained at the cable lifter must be at least equal to 40 percent of the breaking strength of the cable .
Most anchor handing equipments incorporate（包含） warp ends for mooring purposes（系泊） and line speeds of up to 0.75 to 1.00 m/sec are required .
The efficient working of the anchor windlass is essential to the safety of the ship .
An anchor windlass can expect to fulfill（满足） the following:
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1.The windlass cable lifter brakes must be able to control the running anchor and cable when the cable lifter is disconnected from the gear during “letting go”（放锚）.
One unit of a split windlass(分离 式锚机） is shown in Fig.25-1.
新版轮机英语unit24课部分课件
Cranes have replaced derricks on many modern ships. Positioned between the holds, often on a platform（平台） which can be rotated through 360,
the deck crane provides an immediately operational unit requiring only one man to operate it .
Some cranes are mounted in pairs on a common platform which can be rotated through 360.
The cranes can be operated independently or locked together and operated as a twin-jib crane of double capacity; usually to give capacities of up to 50 tons.
A combination of movements from the two winches enables lifting, transfer（转移） and lowering of the cargo.
This is only one of several possible derrick arrangements or rigs（索具） .
A fixed outreach system uses two derricks, one “topped” to a position over the ship’s side and the other to a position over the hold（货仓） .
船舶轮机英语集成原版
船舶英语目 录一.职位及工种(Titles and type of work) ····· 1 二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) ····· 3 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) ·· 11 四、阀门(Words about valve) ···· 14 五、泵类(Words about pump) ·········· 16 六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery ）······ 18 七、工具类(Word about tools) ········ 20 八、常用物料(Material in common use) 26 九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) ··· 28 十、常用油类(Oil in common use) ·····28 十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) ·········29 十二、国家名称(Name of country) 。
30 十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) ·····31 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 32 十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) ·33 十六、故障常用单词(words about malfunction) ····· 35 十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination) 38 十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 40 十九、时间、季节与方向(Time 、Season and Direction) ·····42 二十常用词组（Phrases in common use ）·45 二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example) ····48 二十二、问候和常用表达语(Greeting and common expression) ····67 二十三、主机提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for main engine) 68 二十四、空压机和空气系统用语(Air compressor and Air system) ···· 75 二十五、锅炉提交用语(Delivery expressions for boiler) ···77 二十六、锚绞车提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for anchor windlass) 79 二十七、舵机提交过程用语(Steering gear delivering) ··· 87 二十八、付机提交过程用语（Delivery expression for A/E ）····· 91 二十九、救生艇提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for lifeboat) ··92 三十、其他提交项目 (Delivery expressions for other items) ···95 三十一、甲板机械系泊试验 (Mooring test for deck machinery) ········96 三十二、机舱设备系泊试验 (Mooring test for the equipment in E/R) ···98 三十三、谈论故障常用语（Expressions for trouble ）············100 三十四、谈论检修常用语(Expressions for overhaul) ············101 三十五、谈论试验和检验(Talking about test & check) ···········103 三十六、谈论技术要求(Talking about technology required) (105)一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain2．大副 Chief officer3．二副 Second officer 4．三副 Third officer 5．四副 Fourth officer 6．水手长 Boatswain7．水手 Sailor & Seaman 8．木匠 Carpenter9．轮机长 Chief engineer 10．大管轮 Second engineer 11．二管轮 Third engineer 12．三管轮 Fourth engineer 13．机匠长 Chief motorman 15．机匠 Fitter 16．加油工 Oil man17．大电 Chief electrician 18．电工 Electrician19．车间主任 Workshop director 20．工长 Section chief 21．班长 Fore man 22．钳工 Fitter23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge 24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner 25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer 26．验船师（机）Register 27．验船师（船）Surveyor 28．油漆工 Painter 29．焊工 Welder 30．大橱 Chief cook 31．物料员 Store keeper 32．加油工 Oiler33．机工 Mechanic 34．甲板员 Deck man 35．电线工 Wireman 36．外包工 Laborer 37．铸工 Molder38．管子工 Pipe fitter 39．起重工 Crane operator二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) 1．主机 Main engine2．二冲程柴油机 Two-stroke diesel engine 3．四冲程柴油机 Four-stroke diesel engine 4．高速柴油机 High speed diesel engine 5．中速柴油机 Middle speed diesel engine 6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine 7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head 8．安全阀 Safety valve 9．释放阀 Relief valve 10．示功阀 Indicator valve 11．示功考克 Indicator cock 12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector 15．排气阀 Exhaust valve 16．气缸套 Cylinder liner17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket 18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator 19．活塞 Piston20．活塞头 Piston crown 21．活塞裙 Piston skirt 22．活塞销 Piston gudgeon pin 24．活塞杆 Piston rod 25．活塞环 Piston ring26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove 27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring 28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring 29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring) 30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe 31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space 32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box 33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver 37．扫气口 Scavenging port 38．排气口 Exhaust port 39．十字头 Cross head 40．十字头销 Crosshead pin 41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing 42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper 43．滑块 Guide shoe44．十字头导板45．连杆46．连杆大端轴承47．连杆小端轴承48．曲柄轴承49．曲柄销 Crank pin 50．曲轴 Crank shaft 51．曲轴颈 Crank journal 52．曲柄臂 Crank web53．拐档差 Crank deflection 54．主轴承 Main bearing 55．主轴颈 Main journal 56．轴承瓦 Bearing bush57．上轴瓦 Upper bearing bush 58．上轴瓦 Upper half59．下轴瓦 Lower bearing bush 60．下轴瓦 Lower half 61．推力轴承 Thrust bearing 62．推力块 Thrust pad 63．推力盘 Thrust disc 64．推力轴 Thrust shaft 65．底座 Bed plate 66．机架 Frame67．曲柄箱 Crank case68．曲柄箱导门 Crank case door 69．曲柄箱防爆门 Explosion-proof Crank case. 70．定时齿轮 Timing gear 71．飞轮 Flying wheel 72．凸轮 Cam73．凸轮轴 Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮 Fuel injection cam 75．链条 Chain76．链条轮 Chain wheel 77．链条箱 Chain box 78．推杆 Push rod 79．摇臂 Rocker arm 80．排气阀 Exhaust valve 81．吸气阀 Suction valve 82．排气总管 Exhaust manifold 83．进气总管 Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管 High pressure fuel pipe 85．活塞冷却水管 Piston cooling water pipe 86．法兰 Flange87．贯穿螺栓 Tie bolt (tie rod) 88．端盖 Side cover89．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 90．燃油泵 Fuel oil pump 91．滑油泵齿轮 Gear for lubricating oil pump 92．燃油泵齿轮 Gear for fuel oil pump 93．叶轮 Impeller 94．柱塞 Plunger 95．导杆 Guide rod 96．导套 Sleeve97．滚动轴承 Ball bearing 98．滑动轴承 Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing 100．推力面 Thrust surface (thrust side) 101．盘车机 Turning gear 102．增压器 Turbocharger 103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine104．涡轮 Turbine wheel 105．涡轮叶片 Turbine blade 106．喷嘴 Nozzle 107．废气叶轮 Exhaust impeller 108．废气叶轮片 Exhaust blade 109．废气端 Exhaust side 110．透平端 Turbine side 111．转子轴 Rotor shaft 112．油泵 L.O.pump 113．换向装置 Reversing device 114．换向伺服期 Reversing servomotor 115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower 116．膨胀接 Expansion joint 117．调速器 governor 118．飞重 Flying weight 119．补偿阀 Compensate valve 120．针阀 Needle valve 121．开口销 Cotter pin 122．轴封 Shaft seal 123．机械密封 Machinery seal 124．配电盘 Switchboard 125．应急配电盘 Emergency switchboard 126．应急发电机 Emergency generator 127．滤器 Filter 128．细滤器 Filter 129．粗滤器 Strainer 130．滑油滤器 L.O. filter 131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter 132．空气消音器 Air intake silencer 132．空气滤器 Air intake filter 133．空气瓶 Air bottle (receiver) 134．分油机 Separator 135．油水分离器 Water-oil separator 136．净油机 Purifier 137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier 138．二氧化碳 CO2 139．二氧化碳瓶 CO2 bottle 140．正时齿轮 Timing gear 141．导向棒装置 Guide bar 142．注油器驱动 Lubricator driver 143．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 144．凸轮轴传动轮 Chain wheel on cam shaft 145．中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel 146．注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive 147．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 148．滚筒导座 Roller guide housing 149．应急操纵台 Emergency console 150．力矩平衡器 Moment compensator 151．主启动阀 Main starting valve 152．启动空气分配器Starting air distributor 153．喷油器 Fuel valve 154．扫气系统 Scavenge air system 155．安全帽 Safety cap 156．机座 Bed plate 157．轴向振动减振器 Axial vibration damper 158．贯穿螺栓 Arrangement of stay bolt 159．示功器驱动装置 Indicator driver 160．端罩 End shields 161．气缸架 Cylinder frame 162．气阀传动装置 Valve operating device 163．摇臂润滑油泵 Rocker arm lubricating oil pump 164．摇臂润滑油柜 Rocker arm lubricating tank 165．摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating filter 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) 1．船用锅炉 Marine boiler 2．废气锅炉 Exhaust boiler 3．辅锅炉 Donkey boiler 4．组合式锅炉 Combined boiler 5．火管 Fire tube 6．给水管 Feed pipe 7．炉膛 Furnace 8．炉墙 Furnace wall 9．火侧 Fire side 10．水侧 Water side 11．燃烧器 Oil burner 12．安全阀 Safety valve 13．上排污 Upper drain 14．下排污 Lower drain 15．锅炉皮阀 Mounting valve 16．水位计 Water level gauge 17．压力表 Pressure gauge 18．主汽门 Main steam valve 19．玻璃管 Glass tube 20．空调装置 Air-conditioning plant 21．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 22．冰机 Fridge. Machine 23．空气压缩机 Air compressor 24．造水机 Fresh water generator 25．板式冷却器 Plate type cooler 26．机舱天车 Engine room crane 27．天车导轨 Crane rail 28．电磁阀 Solenoid valve 29．舵机 Steering gear 30．舵承 Rudder bearing carrier 31．液压缸 Hydraulic cylinder 32．废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger 33．弹簧阀 Spring loaded valve 34．冷凝器 Condenser 35．分油器 Oil separator 36．轴带发电机 Shaft generator 37．焚烧炉 Oil burner 38．分油机 Separator 39．分离筒 Separator bowl 40．配水盘装置 Paring disc device 41．转数计 Revolution counter 42．控制阀 Control valve 43．辅机 Auxiliary machinery 44．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 45．海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant 46．热交换器 Heat exchanger 47．船用气瓶 Marine air bottle 48．冷风机 Cooler unit 49．防水风门 Fire damper 50．气密挡板 Gas tight damper 51．排气风机 Exhaust fan 52．舱室通风机 Cabin fan 53．机舱通风机 Engine room fan 54．应急鼓风机 Emergency blower 四、阀门(Words about valve) 1．吸气阀 Suction valve 2．排气阀 Exhaust valve 3．控制阀 Control valve 4．导 阀 Pilot valve 5．单向阀 Non-return valve 6．口琴阀 Flap valve 7．调节阀 Regulating valve 8．液压阀 Hydraulic valve 9．膨胀阀 Expansion valve 10．给水阀 Feed valve 11．排水阀 Discharge valve 12．截止阀 Stop valve 13．吹泄阀 Blow-off valve 14．空气阀 Air valve 15．泄放阀 Drain valve 16．止回阀 Check valve 17．海底阀 Sea valve 18．回流阀 Retune valve 19．节流阀 Throttle valve 20．进气阀 Inlet valve 21．出气阀 Outlet valve 22．热力阀 Thermal valve 23．中央阀 Center valve 24．单向阀 One way valve 25．二通阀 Two way valve 26．三通阀 Triple valve 27．旁通阀 By-pass valve 28．换向阀 Change-over valve 29．减压阀 Pressure-reducing valve 30．溢流阀 Overflow valve 31．自闭阀 Self-locking valve 32．针阀 Needle valve 33．平衡阀 Balance valve 34．循环阀 Circulation valve 35．主 阀 Main valve 36．滑 阀 Slide valve 37．蝶 阀 Butter-fly valve 38．截止阀 Shut-off valve 39．闸板阀 Gate valve 40．通海阀 Sea suction valve 41．吹除阀 Sea chest cleaning valve 42．防浪阀 Storm valve 43．舱壁阀 Bulkhead valve 44．快关阀 Emergency shut off valve 45．呼吸阀 Breather valve 五、泵类(Words about pump) 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 8．真空泵 Vacuum pump 9．螺杆泵 Screw pump 10．喷射泵 Ejector pump 11．冷却泵 Cooling pump 12．淡水泵 Fresh water pump 13．海水泵 Sea water pump 14．给水泵 Feed water pump 15．循环泵 Circulating pump 16．锅炉给水泵 Boiler feed pump 17．卫生水泵 Sanitary pump 18．压载泵 Ballast pump 19．舱底泵 Bilge pump 20．污水泵 Sewage pump 21．燃油泵 Fuel pump 22．高压油泵 High pressure pump 23．底压油泵 Low pressure pump 24．驳运泵 Transfer pump 25．增压泵 Booster pump 26．消防泵 Fire pump 27．通用泵 G.S. pump 28．旋涡泵 Regenerative 29．蜗壳泵 Volute pump 30．导叶泵 Diffuser pump 31．单联泵 Simplex pump 32．双联泵 Duplex pump 33．多联泵 Multiplex pump34．活塞泵 Piston pump35．减摇泵 Anti-roll pump 36．总用泵 General service pump 37．应急消防泵Emergency fire pump 38．扫舱泵 Stripping pump 39．货油泵 Cargo oil pump40．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery）1．锚机 Windlass2．锚机轴 Windlass shaft3．刹车带 Brake lining4．离合器 Clutch5．锚链轮 Anchor Chain wheel 6．轴承瓦 Bearing bush7．轴承盖 Bearing cover8．绞揽机 Capstan9．系揽绞车 Mooring winch10．卷缆车 Reel11．钢丝绳 Wire rope12．卡环 Shackle13．缆绳 Mooring rope14．滑轮 Block15．刹车装置 Brake device16．制链器 Anchor chain stopper 17．舱盖滚轮 Hatch cover wheel 18．舱盖铰链 Hatch cover hinge 19．液压油缸 Hydraulic jack20．起货机 Cargo winch21．可令吊 Crane22．生活吊 Accommodation crane 23．吊杆 Derrick boom24．桅杆 Mast25．救生艇 Lifeboat26．艇架 Davit27．艇机 Lifeboat capstan28．救生筏 Life raft29．救生衣 Life jacket七、工具类(Word about tools)1．车床 Lathe2．刨床 Planing machine3．钻床 Drill machine4．砂轮机 Grinding machine 5．磨床 Grinder6．铣床 Milling machine7．镗床 Boring machine8．手锤Engineer’s hammer 9．冲击板手 Impact wrench10．板手 Spanner11．活络板手 Screw spanner12．梅花板手 Ring spanner13．呆扳手 Open spanner15．套筒板手 Socket spanner16．管子钳 Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀 Screw driver18．钢丝钳 Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳 Long nose pliers 20．钢锯 Hack saw21．剪刀 Scissors22．手电筒 Torch23．扁铲(凿子) Chisel24．锉刀 File25．丝攻 Thread tap26．板牙 Thread die27．绞刀 Reamer28．刮刀 Scraper29．油石 Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布 Emery cloth32．破布 Rag 33．卷尺 Measuring tape34．空心冲 Hole punch35．样冲 Joint punch36．油壶 Oil gun37．牛油枪 Grease gun38．手电钻 Handle drill39．钻头 Drill40．液压千斤 Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺 Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺 Vernier caliper43．外卡尺 Outside calipers44．内卡尺 Inside calipers45．螺纹量规 Screw gauge46．桥规 Bridge gauge47．电焊机 Electrode welding machine48．气焊机 Gas welding machine49．电焊钳 Electric welding pliers50．气割枪 Cutting touch51．电焊条 Electric soldering iron52．电工刀 Electrician knife53．电笔 Test pen54．剥线钳 Wire stripping pliers55．圆规 Compass56．量表 Gauge57．拐档表 Crank deflection gauge58．深度规 Depth gauge59．千分表 Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳 Table vice61．柴油 Diesel oil62．滑油 Lubricating oil63．液压油 Hydraulic oil64．重油 Heavy oil65．燃油 Fuel oil66．黄油 Grease67．螺栓 Bolt68．螺帽 Nut69．垫片 Washer70．研磨沙 Grinding sand71．研磨膏 Grinding paste72．石棉板 Asbestos plate73．青壳纸 Fish paper74．盘根 Packing75．细钢丝 Thin steel wire76．密封圈 Rubber seal ring77．塑料管 Plastic pipe78．胶皮管 Rubber hose79．电灯泡 Electric bulb80．工作灯 Working lamp81．插头 Electric plug82．插座 Electric socket.93．喷砂机 Sand blaster outfit94．空气马达 Air motor95．油柜清洁器 Tank cleaning machine96．高压冲水机High pressure hose forhydraulic97．真空泵 Vacuum pump98．套筒扳手组 Socket wrench set99．深头套筒 Deep socket wrench100．套筒扳手 Box wrench101．单开口扳手 Single open end wrench102．双开口扳手 Double open end wrench103．转矩扳手 Torque wrench104．电动机扳手 Motor wrench105．侧剪钳 Slide cutting plier106．活节钳 Combination plier107．可调快速扳手Speed wrench108．螺丝起子 Screwdriver109．偏向螺丝起子Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set111．手摇钻 Straight hand drill112．手工锯 Hacksaw frame113．锯片 Hacksaw blade114．砂纸 Silicon paper115．手拉葫芦 Chain block116．高压管 High pressure hose117．液压千金顶 Hydraulic jack118．锤子 Hammer119．平錾 Cold chisel120．活动扳手 Adjustable wrench121．螺丝刀 Screwdriver122．侧剪铗 Side cutting hipper123．螺栓剪 Cable cutter124．敲击管钳 Rap wrench125．砂轮 Grinding wheel126．老虎钳 Utility vise127．直梯 Straight ladder128．踏梯 Step ladder129．平台推车 Platform trunk130．搬平车 Gas cylinder carrier131．给油机 Grease lubricator132．强力油泵 Heavy duty pump oiler133．油壶 Oil jag134．麻花钻 Twist drill135．绞刀 Pin reamer136．旋转中心钻Rolling center137．外径测微计Outside micrometer withcounter138．六折式尺 Six-folding rule139．弹性带尺 Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺 Stainless steel straightrule141．平面规 Surface gauge142．平行直角定规Precision flat try square143．温度计 Thermometer八、常用物料(Material in common use)1．阀研磨剂 valve grinding compound2．电焊条 steel electrode3．气焊条 Steel welding wire4．细钢丝绳 Seizing wire5．刚焊条 Steel welding rod6．紫铜管 Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶 Acetylene cylinder8．木屑 Saw dust9．水泥 Cement10．石灰 Lime11．帆布手套 Canvas glove12．垫片 Gasket.13．氧气瓶 Oxygen cylinder14．抹布 Rag15．垫隙片 Shim16．电线 Wire17．电缆 Electric cylinder18．电池 Rag19．灯泡 Bulb20．胶布 Insulating tape21．插头 Plug22．插座 Socket23．保险丝 Fuse24．不锈钢 Stainless steel25．铸铁 Cast iron26．黄铜 Brass27．青铜 Bronze28．铝合金 Aluminium alloy29．橡胶 Rubber30．石棉 Asbestus31．低碳钢 Soft steel32．高碳钢 High-carbon steel33．合金钢 Alloy steel34．木材 Wood35．塑料 Plastic36．球墨铸铁 Nodular iron九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) 1．螺栓 Bolt2．螺丝 Screw3．螺母 Nut4．方头螺栓 Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓 Counter sunk head screw 6．套筒螺栓 Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓 Set screw8．十字接头 Cross9．锥形销 Taper pin10．锁紧螺母 Lock nut11．六角头螺栓 Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油 Gas oil2．煤油 Kerosene3．润滑油 Lubricating oil4．汽缸油 Cylinder oil5．压缩机油 Compressor oil6．齿轮油 Gear oil7．机油 Motor oil8．凡士林 Vaseline9．燃油 Fuel oil10．油脂 Grease11．柴油 Diesel oil十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) 1．件，只，个 Piece2．条，张，片 Sheet3．双 Pair4．套，组，副 Set.5．盒 Box6．箱 Case7．瓶 Bottle8．米 Meter9．厘米 Centimeter10．毫米 Millimeter11．公斤 Kilogram12．克 Gram13．公升 Liter14．平方 Square15．袋 Bag16．码 Yard17．吨 Ton18．磅 Pound19．加仑 Gallon20．立方 Cubic十二、国家名称(Name of country)1．中国 China2．美国 American3．日本 Japan4．英国 Britain5．法国 France6．德国 German7．韩国 South Korea8．希腊 Greece9．泰国 Thailand10．印度 India11．挪威 Norway12．俄罗斯 Russia13．新加坡 Singapore14．澳大利亚 Australia15．伊朗 Iran16．丹麦 Denmark17．加拿大 Canada18．丹麦 Denmark19．芬兰 Finland 20．巴基斯坦 Pakistan21．意大利 Italy十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use)1．主机 M/E2．付机 A/E3．阀 V/V4．泵 P/P5．备车 St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三 FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二 H.Ahd10．高压 H.P.11．低压 L.P.12．重油/柴油 H.O./D.O.13．前后 F/A14．左舷 P: port15．无人机舱 UMS16．自动 Auto17．气缸 Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜 20．沉淀柜 .21．排出 Disc22．吸入 Suct23．柴油柜 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word)1．停靠 Alongside2．接近 Approach3．停泊 Berth4．浮筒 Buoy5．码头 Pier6．港口 Port7．移泊 Shift8．航次 Voyage9．试验 Try10．值班 Watch11．航行 Sail十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment)1．调整 Adjust2．压载 Ballast3．转换 Change over4．清洁 Clean5．联接 Connect6．排放压载 Deballast7．放残水 Drain8．卸载 Off9．油漆 Paint10．接通 Put on11．吹灰 Soot blown12．开始 Start13．顶端 Top14．洗 Wash15．吹 Blow16．检查 Check17．铲 Chip18．断开 Cut out19．排放 Discharge20．除垢 Descale21．检验 Examine22．受载 On(load)23．用泵排出 Pump out24．调整 Set25．停止 Stop26．调驳 Transfer27．加满 Top up十六、故障常用单词 (words about malfunction)1．失常的 Abnormal2．烧坏 Burn3．堵塞 Clog4．裂缝 Crack5．变形 Deform6．毁坏 Destroy7．磨损 Wear8．出故障 In trouble9．敲击 Knock10．松开 Loose11．不对中 Misalign12．不足的 Insufficient13．失灵 Out of order14．过载 Overload15．过度磨损 Over-worn16．尺寸过大 Oversized17．尺寸过小 Under-sized18．振动 Vibrate19．不平的 Uneven20．不准确 Inaccurate21．全船断电 Black out22．出故障 Fail23．关掉 Shut off24．弯曲 Bend25．停车 Break drown26．腐蚀 Corrode27．腐蚀的 Corrosive28．损坏 Damage29．有毛病的 Faulty30．有缺陷的 Defective31．破裂 Fracture32．卡住 Jam33．漏泄 Leak34．漏泄的 Leaky35．融化 Melt36．噪声 Noise37．过热 Overheat38．咬住 Seize39．紧的 Tight40．松的 Loosen41．发现 Find42．停止 Stop43．脏的 Dirty44．油污的 greasy45．失效的 ineffective46．椭圆形的 oval47．点不着火 misfire48．接错 misjoin49．放错 misplace50．老化 perish51．麻点 pit52．凸起 ridge53．划伤 score54．拉痕 scuff十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination)1．卡死 Blind2．用卡钳量 Caliper3．关闭 Close4．解体 Disassemble5．安装 Fix6．组装 Box up7．检验 Check8．拆卸 Dismantle9．装配 Fit10．紧固 Fasten11．测量 Gauge12．安装 Install13．测量 Measure14．打开 Open 15．上油漆 Paint 16．换新 Renew 17．上紧 Tighten 18．洗 Wash 19．涂油脂 Grease 20．松开 Loosen 21．加油 Oil22．检修 Overhaul 23．重新组装 Reassemble 24．测取读数 Take reading 25．拧开螺栓 Unbolt 26．抽出 Withdraw十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 一 One 二 Two 三 Three 四 Four 五 Five 六 Six 七 Seven 八 Eight 九 Nine 十 Ten 十一 Eleven 十二 Twelve 十三 Thirteen 十四 Fourteen 十五 Fifteen 十六 Sixteen 十七 Seventeen 十八 Eighteen十九 Nineteen 二十 Twenty 三十 Thirty 四十 Forty 五十 Fifty 六十 Sixty 七十 Seventy 八十 Eighty 九十 Ninety 百 Hundred 千 Thousand 万 Ten thousand 百万 Million 第一 First 第二 Second 第三 Third 第四 Fourth 第五 Fifth 第六 Sixth 第七 Seventh 第八 Eighth 第九 Ninth 第十 Tenth 第十一 Eleventh 第十二 Twelfth 第二十 Twentieth十九、时间、季节与方向(Time 、Season and Direction) 1．星期一 Monday 2．星期二 Tuesday 3．星期三 Wednesday 4．星期四 Thursday 5．星期五 Friday 6．星期六 Saturday 7．星期日 Sunday8．春季 Spring 9．夏季 Summer 10．秋季 Autumn 11．冬季 Winter 12．一月 January 13．二月 February 14．三月 March 15．四月 April 16．五月 May 17．六月 June 18．七月 July 19．八月 August 20．九月 September 21．十月 October 22．十一月 November 23．十二月 December 24．小时 Hour 25．分钟 Minute 26．秒 Second 27．月 Month 28．天 Day 29．夜 Night 30．周 Week 31．早晨、上午 Morning 32．下午 Afternoon 33．傍晚 Evening 34．正午 Noon 35．今天 Today 36．昨天 Yesterday 37．明天 Tomorrow 38．前天 The day before yesterday 39．后天 The day after tomorrow 40．本周 This week 41．上周 Last week 42．下周 Next week 43．九月十日 Sep.10th44．去年 Last year 45．明年 Next year 46．上周二 Last Tuesday 47．下周一 Next Monday 48．东 East 49．西 West 50．南 South 51．北 North 52．西北 Northwest 53．东北 Northeast 54．东南 Southeast 55．西南 Southwest 56．世纪 Century 二十、常用词组（Phrases in common use ） 1234．发现不正常 found out of order 5．发现不合标准 found not up to standard 6．发现不准确 found inaccurate 7．发现失去作用 found out of function 8．发现轧住 found seized 9．发现过热 found overheated 10．发现过度磨损 found excessive wear 11．发现过度磨掉 found worn out 12．发现有一点倾斜 found a little bit inclined 13．发现不正常 found abnormal 14． 发现因过热而损坏found destroyed by overheating 15．发现龟裂 found chapped 16．发现塌陷 found collapsed 17．发现运转失灵 found out of operation 18．发现呈椭圆形 found oval 19．发现拉痕 found scored 20．发现拉毛 found scuffed 21．发现变形 found deformed 22．发现松动 found loose 23．发现油污 found greasy 24．发现肮脏 found dirty 25．发现咬住 found stuck 26．发现挤压 found squeezed 27．发现弯曲 found bent 28．发现故障 found faulty 29．发现损坏 found damaged30．发现破碎成片 found broken to pieces 31．发现部分剥离 found partly detached 32．发现部分堵塞 found partly choked 33．发现剧烈震动 found violent vibration 34．发现烧坏 found burnt 35．发现断裂 found fractured 36．发现接地 found earthed 37．发现敲缸 found knocking 38．发现溶化 found melted away 39．发现泄漏 found leaking (found leaky) 40．发现冻结 found stuck fast by icing 41．发现锈蚀 found rusty 42．发现失效 found ineffective 43．发现故障 found out of order 44．发现结霜 found frosted 45．发现丢失 found lost 46．发现出故障 found in trouble 47．发现失灵 found out of order 48．发现失灵 found out of action 49．发现不一致 found out of operation 50．发现错位 found out of place 二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example) 1．借 borrow 我要向你借这份图纸 I want to borrow the drawing from you. 我可以向你借这个手锤吗? May I borrow the hammer from you? 2．裂 break 阀杆断裂了 The valve spindle is broken. 滚动轴承断裂成碎片了 The ball bearing are broken to pieces. 3．加强 build up 叶轮应该堆焊 The impeller should be built up by welding. 4． 烧 burn 电动机烧了 The motor is burnt. 5． 进行 carry out 应进行负载试验 The load test should be carried out. 6．吹blow管子必须用压缩空气吹清 The pipe should be blown with compressed air. 7．铸 cast 按原样铸造一个Cast one piece as per sample. 8．引起 cause 损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration. 9．倒角 chamfer 油槽须倒角 Oil groove is to be chamfered. 法兰切削后须倒角The flange should bechamfered after being machined.10．换掉 change 把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收Have them changed, otherwise I refuse toaccept them.11．龟裂 chap轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了The white metal on the bearing bush is chapped.12．核查 check用桥规核查主轴承Check the main bearing with bridge gauge.修理前后要核查拐档Check the crankshaft deflection before and after repair.13．清洁 clean装前须清洁 Clean it before fit back. 14．阻塞 clog燃油滤器阻塞了 The fuel filter is clogged. 15．涂漆 coat用红丹涂管子 Coat the pipe with red lead. 泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with anti-fouling.16．完成 complete finish你什么时候能完成修理工作?When can you complete (finish) the repair job? 17．连接 connect把电动机和淡水泵连接起来Connect the motor with the fresh water pump 18．腐蚀 corrode泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀The pump casing and impeller are corroded.19．盖 cover请把所有卸下的部件盖起来Please cover all the removed parts. 20．裂二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间No.2 cylinder head is cracked.21．吊 crane把液压马达吊上岸去修理Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair.22．割 cut把底座割掉Cut off the bedplate.23．损坏 damage滚动轴承严重损坏The ball bearings are seriously damaged. 24．脱落 detach白合金部分脱落了The white metal is partly detached.25．查看 detect查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体 disassemble解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump.27．脱开 disconnect把起动空气管脱开Disconnect the starting air pipe.将发电机与原动机脱开。
大连海事大学轮机工程课程英文翻译
机械制图Mechanical Drawing< xmlnamespace prefix ="o" ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />体育Physical Education大学英语College English思想道德修养Morals and Ethics毛泽东思想概论Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought马克思主义哲学原理Marxist Philosophy邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想Introduction to Deng XiaoPing Theory and Three Representatives军事理论Military Theory法律基础Fundamentals of Law计算机应用技术基础Basis of Computer Application Technology计算机技术基础Basis of Computer Technology高等数学Advanced Mathematics大学英语English of lisening ,Speaking and Writing大学物理College Physics大学物理实验Experiments in Physics英语口语Oral English工程力学Engineering Mechanics机械设计基础The Fundamental of Machine Design电路与电子技术Electronics in Electrical Engineering轮机工程材料Marine Engineering Materials工程热力学与传热学Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer流体力学Fluid Mechanics船舶电气设备及系统Shipping electrical devices and systems船舶电站及其自动装置Ship power station & automatic device船舶管理Ship Management微机原理及其应用Principle and Application of Microcomputer船舶柴油机Marine Diesel Engine船舶辅机Naval Auxiliary Machinery轮机英语会话Conversation of Marine Engineering English轮机英语Marine Engineering English专业英语阅读Professional English船舶动力装置技术管理Marine Diesel Power Plant Regarding Management 轮机维护与修理Maintenance and repair of ships轮机自动化Marine Automation。