对文章的体裁和来源作出判断

对文章的体裁和来源作出判断

考试大纲就明文规定：体裁避免单一化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。而文章的来源指的是该文的出处，是选自小说，报刊杂志，还是科技论文，书评等，这就得靠考生自己作出判断了。

1.通常这类问题的提问方式有以下几种：

1.This selection （节选）might be some parts of a book concerned with...

2. This passage might be taken out of a book dealing with...

3. Where did this passage most probably appear?

4.These extracts （摘录）are probably taken from...

5.This passage would most likely be found in ______ ?

2. 解题技巧

这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：

(1)报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称

(2)广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认

(3)产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等

Passage 1

More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured （受伤）each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt （安全带）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.

Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility （责任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind.

However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing （倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery （发送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances （情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear you r seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.

Question: This text is taken from _____.

A. a medical magazine

B. a police report

C. an advertisement （广告）

D. a government information booklet （小册子）

Have you ever dreamed of having a fashionable watch of great value?

A small watchmaker in Switzerland in 1922 designed the first automatic(自动的)watch to show the day, month, and date, Only seven of these splendid watches were ever made and these watches were almost lost to history. Today, it is so hard to get an original (首批的) watch that some watch historians are even willing to offer $ 200,000 for one.

These watches attracted a lot of people for their splendid color, fashionable style, and new uses in the 1920s. The owners of the watches were admired and set apart from the crowd. Because the number of the original watches is very limited, owning such a watch will make you feel very special.

Today, you are offered the same kind of watch with improvement. It has a 24-jewel mechanical(机械的) movement, the kind desired by watch collectors, The watchmaker has made the movement of the watch much more modern with an automatic rotor(上弦装置) so that the watch never needs to be wound by hand. The

Design on it. To get a watch in such a perfect design to know history and to wear such a watch will show your

You can get the watch either in person or by mail all an affordable price. You will also receive good service from the watch seller. If you are not satisfied with the watch after you get it, you may simply return it within 30 days. Don?t miss the chance to realize your dream.

1. The purpose of the passage is to encourage the readers to .

A. buy the watch B。return the watch C. wear the watch D. receive the service

2. The passage is probably taken from a .

A. report

B. magazine

C. text book

D. science book

Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.

To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.

For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.

Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.

●This text is most probably taken from a ______.

A. textbook

B. newsreel(新闻片)

C. doctor’s notebook

D. bottle of medicine

About 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled

finally in Brunswick, New Jersey, I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my son?s teacher asked me to meet him at his office.

In the teacher?s office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability?”

Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? NO, no, it can?t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.

My son could not follow the teacher?s directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didn?t he know my son did not speak English yet?

He was angry; “Why hasn?t your son been taught to speak English? Don?t you speak English at home?”

No, I didn?t speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didn't want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society?”

Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.”Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.

As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a well-adjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)。Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other places—something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey.

60. This text is likely to be selected from a book of _________.

A. medicine

B. education

C. geography

D. history

C

If Confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. IIe?d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.

While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It?s nothing personal. Most Americans don?t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.

But this doesn?t mean that Americans don?t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China. In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）. Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.

So the old thinker?s ideas are still alive and well.

Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.

As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.

67. The passage is likely to appear in ___________.

A. a biography

B. a history paper

C. a newspaper

D. a philosophy textbook

At exactly eleven Sir Percival knocked and entered, with anxiety and worry in every line of his face. This meeting would decide his future life，and he obviously knew it.

"You may wonder, Sir Percival,??said Laura calmly, “if I am going to ask to be released (免除）from my promise to many you. I am not going to ask this. I respect my father's wishes too much.“

His face relaxed a little, but one of his feet kept beating the carpet.

"No, if we are going to withdraw.(退出）from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.

“Mine?” he said in great surprise. “What reason could I have for withdrawing??

"A reason that is very hard to tell you," she answered. "There is a change in me. ”

His face went so pale that even his lips lost their color. He turned his head to one side.

"What change?" he asked, trying to appear calm.

“ When the promise was made two years ago, ” she said, 44 my love did not belong to anyone. Will you forgive me, Sir Percival, if I tell you that it now belongs to another person?”

“I wish you to understand, “ Laura continued, “that I will never see this person again, and that if you leave me, you only allow mc to remain a single woman for the rest of my life. All I ask is that you forgive mc and keep my secret."

…I will do both those things, “ he said. Then he looked at Laura, as if he was waiting to hear more. "I think I have said enough to give you reason to withdraw from our marriage, “ she added quietly. “ No. You have said enough to make it the dearest wish of my life to marry you, “ he said.

62. The passage is probably taken out of .

A. a novel

B. a report

C. a diary

D. an essay

The Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.

1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?

Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.

Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.

2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?

Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.

Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our

mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most

important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.

3. How often do you think about fighting germs?

Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.

Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the

microwave for 10 seconds.

59. The text probably comes from .

A. a guide book

B. a popular magazine

C. a book review D .an official document

Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as …bracketing?. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desir es, to experience as far as possible someone else?s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far

more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don?t wa nt to hear.

It wasn?t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法),

before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient?s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

70. What type of writing the article likely to be ?

A. Science fiction

B. A news report.

C. A medical report.

D. Popular science

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.

Let?s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn?t flap (摆动). It shouldn?t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can?t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

48. Where can you probably find the text?

A. In a popular magazine.

B. In a tourist guidebook.

C. In a physics textbook.

D. In an official report