上海高三语法填空练习

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上海高考(语法填空训练基础题)

语法新题型基础版专题练习(一)Many people are wondering if it is safe to talk on the cell phones while driving. Most of people think that the use of cell phones should 1 (ban) while they are driving, 2 in that case accidents can easily happen.A growing number of states are making rules to keep young drivers 3 using cell phones while they are driving. When there is 4 car accident, police officers will find out 5 any of the drivers is using a cell phone. There have been some very bad car accidents 6 (cause) by drivers being distracted by cell phones.Drivers sometimes forget 7 （watch）the road carefully when they are using their phones. Not paying attention to the road 8 be dangerous, even deadly. 9 is important for drivers to focus on the road. They need to pay attention to 10 is going on around them. So, stop using your cell phones while driving.Keys:1. be banned2. because3. from4.a5. if/whether6.caused7.to watch8.can9.It 10.what(二)It was my first day in Hangzhou, the Chinese city famous for its natural beauty and history andI didn't have much time to spare. I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days1 I was to return to Guangzhou. My first task was to decide where to go and2 to get there. I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city's well-known tourist attractions and started to read. At that moment3 attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced4 .She said her name was Miss Bai and she kindly offered to show me 5 the city. I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first go to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge. I quite liked the idea of visiting the West Lake but wasn't so sure about 6 (cross)the Broken Bridge.7 it was broken, did she expect me to jump across? And I couldn't swim, so if I fell in then I would drown. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 8 (close) my book and walked away.Keys:1. before2. how3. an4. herself5. around6. crossing7. If/Since/As8. closed(三)I was always told that the three Ps, patience, positive thinking and perseverance(毅力), were a sure path to success. 1 this advice does not always work as planned. My high school maths exam is one example. The exam, 2was originally to be held in our classroom, 3 (change) to the library at the last minute.This,however, didn’t bother me because maths had always been my 4_ (strong) subject. I patiently walked to the library , took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax 5 . But my mood quickly changed when I saw 6 first question. I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered 7 I finally found the solution. With the problem 8 (solve), I felt proud 9 my achievement.Unfortunately, I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 10 (complete) the rest!Keys:1.But 2．which 3. was changed 4．strongest 5. myself6．the 7. until 8．solved 9. of 10．to complete(四)Deciding what present you should give someone is never easy. Many things must be considered such as 1 the person is interested in and how old he is. We must also consider the reaction of the person 2 (receive) the gift. One of the 3 (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. Ms Chen has taught___4 English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided 5 (get) her a present. I asked my classmates about her interests 6 I made my final decision.Then I went to the department store 7 I worked part-time and bought her 8 expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. I was certain she would like it because I 9 (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. I left the box with a card on her desk, and I was sure she would like them.10 was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG !Keys:1. what2. receiving3. worst4. me5. to get6. before7. where8. an9. was told/had been told 10. It(五)An expensive car speeding down the main street of a small town was soon caught up with by a young motorcycle policeman. 1 he started to make out the ticket, the woman 2 the wheel said proudly, ― 3 you go any further, young man, I think you should know the mayor of this city is a good friend of mine.‖ The officer did not say a word, 4 kept writing. ―I am also a friend of chief of police Barrens,‖ continued the woman, getting 5 (much) angry each moment.Still he kept on writing. ―Young man,‖ she persisted, ―I know Judge Lawson and State Senator (参议员) Patton.‖ 6 (hand) the ticket to the woman, the officer asked pleasantly , ―Tell me, do you know Bill Bronson.‖―Why, no,‖ she 7 (answer).―Well, that is 8 man you should have known, ‖ he said, heading back to his motorcycle, ―I am Bill Bronson.‖Keys:1. As2. behind3. Before4. but5.more6. Handing7. answered8. the(六)My sister had dropped out of school and made very unwise decisions with her life. She chose ___1 (spend) her time with people who were lost 2 she was. They all chose to ignore their responsibilities and supported one another in a life 3 involved drinking and partying.Sadly, they were all losing time. They were young and had the potential to become 4 they wanted if they would only choose to respect themselves and believe in a better life.My sister was lost but my father never gave up on her. She may not have even known it but his prayers and faith 5 her may have been the very thing she needed. I remember sitting at the family dinner table 6 everyone had gathered except my sister. Once again she had chosen to drink with friends instead of spending an evening with our family who loved___7 very much. We said she would not come. But my father said she would. We all rallied against him, _8__ (bet) she would not show up and asked why he would say that. We were convinced he was in denial. He simply said, ―I will always bet on her, on all of you.‖Keys:1.to spend2. as3.which4.whatever\what5. in6.where7. her8. betting(七)The Thanksgiving Day was coming, a school teacher asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of something they were thankful for. She_ 1 (think) of how little these children from poor neighborhoods actually had to be thankful for. But she knew that most of them would draw pictures of turkeys or tables with food. The teacher was surprised 2 the picture Douglas handed in – a smile childishly drawn hand.But 3 hand? The class was puzzled by the abstract image. ―I think it must be the hand of God __4__ brings us food,‖ said one child. ―A farmer,‖ said__5___, ―bec ause he grows the turkeys.‖ Finally when the others were at work, the teacher bent over Douglas’ desk and asked whose hand it was. ―It’s 6 hand, Teacher,‖ he answered.She recalled that frequently after class she had taken Douglas, a short lonely child by the hand . She often did that with___7__ children. But it meant so much to Douglas. Perhaps this was everyone’s Thanksgiving, not for the material things8 (give) to us but for the chance, in whatever small way, to give to others.Keys:1. thought2. at3. whose4.that5. another6. your7. the8. given(八)In the days when an ice cream cost much less, Tom, an 8—year—old boy, entered a hotel coffee shop and sat at a table. _ 1 waitress put a glass of water in front of him. ―How much is an ice cream ?‖ ―Fifty-cents,‖ _ 2 (reply) the waitress .The little boy pulled 3 right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. ―How much is a dish of plain ice cream?‖ he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service ___4___the waitress grew a bit impatient . ―Thirty-five cents,‖ she said rudely .The little boy carefully counted the coins again . ―I will have a plain ice cream,‖ he said. Thewaitress walked away. The boy finished the ice cream,___5__(pay)the cashier and left . It was not long 6 the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at _7 she saw. There, __8__(place) neatly beside the empty dish ,were two nickels and five pennies—her tip!Keys:1. A2. replied3.his4. and5.paid6.before7. what8. placed(九)One evening, I came across one of son’s papers with a failing grade. I almost started to yell his name 31 I suddenly remembered he was in bed asleep. It was his year of school 32 his academic career seemed to be in ruins, so I was angry. _ 33 I put the paper aside and turned to the next one, at the top of which were written ―My dad‖. It was a poem about me, 34 included the time I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he 35 (break) his finger. So careless was I 36 I had forgotten all about that.He talked about how I wrestled with him in the evenings and a good many __37 things. That paper was suddenly not nearly as important _ 38 it had been a few minutes before. I don’t know if he planted the poem next to the failing grade to (soft) the blow, but it 39 (work) worked. Instead of a severe lecture, I talked to him about the poem as well as the failed homework, and it began to make sense to me that I could include praise along 40 constructive criticism.Keys:31．when 32．and 33．But 34．which 35．had broken36．that 37．other 38．as 39．worked 40．with(十)A visit to a doctor’s office costs from fifteen to fifty dollars. _1_ is .almost impossible for people to pay for the medical care they need. Many people in the United States think that doctors are overpaid. Most doctors, _2_, disagree. They say that they 3 (require) to study medicine for a long time. Tuition for many years of medical education costs a lot of money. Doctors say that it is necessary for most medical students _ 4 ( borrow) money from bank to pay their tuition.Because their money must be repaid to 5 bank, young doctors need to receive a lot of money for their work. So, they charge(收费) people high prices 6 medical care.Therefore , it is possible that the high cost of (medicine) care in America is unnecessary. 7 high tuition is one cause of high costs, one way to lower costs would be to have medical schools__8__ are free or have low tuition.Keys:1. It2. however3. were required4. to borrow5. the6. for7. Because8. that(十一)Some years ago, SARS broke out in the mainland of China, causing some people to be killed or nearly got close to death. The situation was_ 21 severe that there was no time 22 (debate) who is to blame. The most important thing for the government to do is to find out the cause of this deadly disease. They 22 (invite) all the most experts in this field to discuss and quite a few suggestions 24 (put) forward. Some of the top experts picked out those suggestions and tested _ 25 to see whether they were available .Doctor Zhong Nanshan chose one patient_ 26 was seriously ill and had little hope of picking up and had _ 27 new medicine tested on him. To his great joy, this patient recovered! He made his way_ 28 his office and telephoned to the top official, telling (tell) him this exciting news. For convenience , he 29 (move) to live in his office. His method 30 (do) make sense. Not soon after that, the other hospital also controlled this terrible disease and kicked it out finally.Keys:21. so 22. to debate 23. invited 24. were put 25. them26.who 27. the 28. to 29. moved 30. did(十二)Th e Internet has become part of young people’s life. A report _ 11 (show) that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get useful information 12 the Internet 13 use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it 14 a good way. Some play games too much, and some visit websites 15 shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen 16 students spend too much time on the Internet.__17__ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, 18 uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives them useful advice.Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have _19 face-to-face meeting with your online friends, let your parents _ 20 (know) and meet in a proper place.Keys:11. shows 12. on 13. and 14. in 15. they16. if 17. It 18. which 19. a 20. know(十三)In my free time, I really like surfing the Internet. When I get home from work, I turn on my computer, wait 1 it boots up completely, and then I go online. I usually check my email first and then write a few messages 2 family and friends. I sometimes scan the local news headlines at 3 favorite news Website and read up on the latest local and international news. This Website often provides video news clips 4 you can view online. I sometimes order products or service online to save money and time instead of going to a store and 5 (buy) what I'm looking for.For example, I 6 (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. Whatever I do, I realize that there are problems 7 using the Internet including scams, identify theft, and viruses, so I'm very careful not to give out my personal information. Furthermore, I don't download or open files I don't recognize. Using the Internet can be fun and 8 convenient way of shopping and finding out new information, 9 you just need to be careful.Keys:1 until / till 2. to 3. my 4 that / which 5. buying6. ordered7. with8. a9. but(十四)Storms 1 produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, 2 (destroy) homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, several critically, authorities said.The 3 (bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.The tornadoes damaged several newly built buildings, toppled power lines 4 sparked fires that were later put out in Clovis, police Lt. James Schoeffel said.Thirteen people from 5 area were hospitalized at the Plains Regional Medical Center. Five were in bad condition 6 head trauma(外伤, 损伤), said Liz Crouch, the center's chief operating officer.In Logan, three people 7 (take) to a hospital, 8 others were treated at a local clinic. one o f them was a visitor, saying he wouldn’t have been there if he had watched the weather forecast the day before.Keys:1. that/which2. destroying3. worst4. and5. the6. with7. were taken8. while(十五)Several men hit the Sao Paulo Museum of Art just before dawn on Thursday, December 20th, 2007. Authorities said that 1 thieves must have been well prepared, as 2 took them just three minutes to steal paintings 3 two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. Images from the security camera show that three men began their action at 5:09 am, 5 the guards in the museum were going through their shift change (换岗).They broke through two glass doors, 36 (run) to the museum’s top floor and grabbed the two paintings from different rooms, somehow 7 (avoid) nearby guards. The alarm never rang, and by 5:12 am, they were making their escape. After that, the police were interviewing the 30 museum employees.―Everything indicates the thieves were sent to do it by some wealthy art lover for 8 own collection. He was not rich enough to buy the paintings, 9 he was we althy,‖ said the lead police officer, Marcos Gomes de Moura.Keys:1. the2. it3. by4. and5. when6. ran7. avoiding 8 his 9 . though/although(十六)Were you the first or the last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think 1 matters where you were born in your family. But there are different ideas about what birth order means. Some people say that oldest children, 2 are smart and strong-willed, are very likely 3 (succeed). The reason 4 this is simple. Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention. An only child will succeed for 5 same reason.What happens to the 6 children in the family?Middle children don’t get so much attention, so they don’t feel that important. If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, 7 , often gets special treatment. Often this child grows up to be funny. But a recent study saw things quite differently.The study found that first children believed in family rules. They didn’t take many chances in 8 lives. They usually 9 (follow) orders. Rules didn’t mean as much to later children in the family. They took chances and they often did better in life.Keys:1. it2. who3. to succeed4. for5. the6.other7. however/though8. their9. followed(十七)Crying marriage? Surprising, isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago___1__many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 2 (remain) in fashion 3 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places,especially Tujia people, who view it as a necessity to marriage procedure.It is very much 4 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. Otherwise, the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 5 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases ___6__ the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.In a word, crying at wedding is a way by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 7 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides 8__ cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.Keys:1. in2.remained3. until/till4.the5. her6.where7. arranged8. who(十八)When you start talking about good and bad manners , you immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree __1__ they mean. We asked a lady, who replied thatshe thought you could tell a well-mannered person __2_ the way they occupied the space around them. However, _3__ second person thought that this was __4__(many) a question of civilized behavior than good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story about an American who __5 _ (invite) to an Arab meal in one of the countries of the Middle East.The American hadn’t been told much about the kind of food he might expect. _6__he had known about Arab food, he might have behaved better. Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to him, very much like a napkin. __7__ (pick) it up, he put it into his collar, so that it fell across his shirt. His Arab host, who had been watching, said nothing, _8__ immediately copied the action of his guest. And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.Keys:1. what2. by3. a4. more5. had been invited6. If7. Picking8. but(十九)One day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw 31 elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair. As I looked 32 (close)at this girl, I found that she was fixed on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs , just a head, a neck and upper body, 33 (dress) in a little white skirt. As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head toward the girl. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back 34 the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, 35 smile just melted me 36 almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of 37 life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and 38 (bring) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and warmth. I’m a successful business man now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught me.Keys:31.an 32.closer/closely 33.dressed 34.at 35.whose 36.and 37.what 38.brought(二十)People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage __1__(call) aphasics(失语症患者). Such patients __2__ are mentioned here can be extremely good at something else. From the changi ng expressions on speakers’ faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies __3__ truths.Doctors studying the human brain have even compared this power to _4_ of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs __5_(hide) in the baggage.Recently, scientists carried out tests to see whether all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal while _6_ were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches -- in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not.Dr. Oliver Sacks mentioned a particular case in _7_ hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president _8_(give) a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor _9_(early), making a good speech was no problem for him.But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn’t seem to believehim. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of __10__ he was saying.Keys:1. are called2. as3. from4. that5. hidden6. others7. a8. giving9. earlier 10. what(二十一)It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place for a true friendship to develop. ___1___, there can be no disagreement on the need for each of us 2 (think) carefully about the kind of friendships we want.To most of us, friendships are considered important, but need to have clear in our own minds 3 kinds of friendships we want .Are they to be close or 4 (keep) at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface?For some people, many friendships on the surface are quite enough—and that’s all right .But at some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as our friends’expectations. __5___ one wants more from the friendship than the other, and if this is not talked about, one is likely at last to fell that he’s holding the short end of the stick. The sharing of personal experience 6 (include) our tears as well as our dark dreams 7 (be) the surest way to deepen friendships. But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there signs of interest and action 8 return.Keys:1. However2. to think3.the4. kept5. If6. including7.is8. in(二十二)It was now raining heavily. My husband was away. I did not want to ask anyone else to go with me. So I went to the hospital by _1 . I was taken to a small room. Lina _2_ (lie) sleeping quietly on a table.This wasn’t3__ first time Lina had taken too many pills. I knew she would sleep deeply for about twelve hours 4 the poison had stopped doing its harm.I sat down by Lina’s side and watched her sleep. The room was still. I looked around. The room se emed familiar. ―Have I been here before?‖ I wondered. I looked around again. ―I’m sure I’ve been in this room,‖ I told myself. Then I remembered. It was in this very room __5__ I gave birth to Lina seventeen years ago. __6__ happy I was then!Lina used to be such a bright, healthy and nice child. ―What has turned her into a dope-taker (吸毒者)?‖ I asked myself. ―And why are millions of young people like her __7 (take) dope to destroy themselves? There must be something seriously wrong ___8___ our society. Wha t is it?‖ Keys:1. myself2. lay3. the4. until5.that6. How7. taking8. with。

上海市普陀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末(一模)教学质量调研英语试卷

上海市普陀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末（一模）教学质量调研英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语法填空Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Love from the Apple TreeOnce upon a time, there used to be a tall and big apple tree. A little boy, every day to the tree down, climbed up 1 (pick) apples to eat, and slept in the shade of the tree. He loved the apple tree, and it loved to play with him. The little boy gradually grew up and stopped 2 (come) to play every day. One day he came to the tree, picked all the apples and left happily. Another day, the boy came again, and cut off all the branches, happily away to build a house himself. One summer, the boy came back, cut down her tree trunk, built a boat, 3 (sail) away, and did not come back for a long time. After years, the boy returned at last. He was old and wanted 4 more than a place to rest. “Old root is 5 (suitable) to sit down and rest, come on, sit down and rest with me!” The boy sat down, and the apple tree was so happy that it shed tears.This is a story of everyone. The tree is like our parent. 6 we are young, we love to play with Mom and Dad. Having grown up, we leave them, and only come to them when we need something or when we are in trouble. No matter what, parents will always be there and give everything they 7 to make you happy.8 your parents can give you is not necessarily the best in the world, but they will try their best to give you all, and they are afraid that it is not enough; maybe they never said “I love you”, but love you in their own way for a lifetime, 9 is how most parents around the world show their love. For example, a tired father was watching his two daughters eat fried chicken, but he didn’t order anything, telling his daughters that he was not hungry, 10 more money in his pocket. We grow up to know that the world’s most affectionate lie is what the father and mother said: I do not love to cat it and I am not hungry.二、选词填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in theTextbooks Textbooks represent an 11 billion dollar industry, up from $8 billion in 2014.subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom testers. Textbook publishers connect professors, instructors and students in ways thatconnection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing, butcoming year.It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses, largely due to students renting or buying used print textbooks. But this can be 15 up to the excessively high cost of their books—which has increased over 1,000 percent since 1977. A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in 16 . But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself. While they may not be as dynamic(动态的)as an iPad, textbooks are not 17 or lifeless. From 1800 to the present day, textbooks have done this by raising questions for students to answer. That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to 18 questions.Today’s psychology texts, for example, ask: “How much of your personality do you think you 19 ?” while ones in physics say: “How can you predict where the ball you threw will land?” Experts observe that “textbooks come in layers, something like an onion.” For an active learner, choosing a textbook 20 can be an interactive experience. Readers proceed at their own pace.三、完形填空Global surface temperatures last month were 2.25 degrees warmer than the 20th century average of 60.1 degrees, breaking previous records, from August 2016, by more than half arecord to the next,” said Ellen Bartow, a physical scientist with NOAA’S National Centers for Environmental Information.The report 22 what millions of people have experienced in recent months, including record-breaking heatwaves that have touched almost every corner of the globe. Asia, Africa, North America and South America had their warmest August on record, as did the Arctic, Europe and Oceania — a region that 23 Australia - had their second-warmest August on record, the report said.It wasn’t just the land that 24 : August set a record for the highest monthly sea surface temperature abnormally --- 1.85 degrees above average. The warming oceans 25 experiencing its fourth continuous month with the 26 shrinking sea ice, with Antarctica sea ice extent on record. Globally, sea ice extent in August was about 550,000 square miles less than the previous record low, set in August 2019.“We’ve seen unheard-of warmth in the global ocean, and that’s definitely alarming because its effects 27 beyond just the scope of the ocean,” Bartow-Gillies said. “Not only are you 28 marine habitats, but you’re affecting storm creation, you’re creating more instability in some areas, and you’re creating flooding events in other areas. There’s a whole host of 29 that come along with these warmer ocean surface temperatures that we’re seeing.”In fact, the report comes after a series of severe natural 30 that span the globe. This week, a Mediterranean storm caused serious flooding in Libya, killing more than 11,000 people. In Canada, wildfires burned through more than 42 million acres of forests this summer, and several are still burning. 31 global warming was not the singular cause of any of these disasters, heating of the Earth continues to 32 the likelihood of extreme weather events and wildfire worldwide.“The scientific evidence is 33 -- we will continue to see more climate records and more intense and frequent extreme weather events impacting society and ecosystems, until we stop 34 greenhouse gases,” read a statement from Samantha Burgess, deputy director of the European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service, which also35 that this summer was the hottest on record.21．A．distance B．jump C．travel D．flight 22．A．confirms B．emerges C．quotes D．argues 23．A．holds B．touches C．surrounds D．includes 24．A．boiled B．cooled C．stricken D．disappeared 25．A．contributed to B．suffered from C．resulted from D．devoted to 26．A．slowest B．lowest C．highest D．fastest 27．A．enlarge B．discharge C．extend D．undertake 28．A．creating B．saving C．remaining D．disturbing 29．A．issues B．debates C．events D．proposals 30．A．floods B．disasters C．storms D．earthquakes 31．A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．When 32．A．damage B．destroy C．decrease D．increase 33．A．irresistible B．unchangeable C．inaccessible D．unbearable 34．A．conveying B．releasing C．relieving D．dismissing 35．A．predicted B．expected C．doubted D．determined四、阅读选择The Adventures of Tom Sawyer changed the course of children’s literature in the United States as well as of American literature generally, presenting the first deeply-felt description of boyhood. Mark Twain published the novel in 1876, which centered on a smart naughty young boy living in a town along the Mississippi River. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer marked the further development of Mark Twain realism.An orphan, Tom Sawyer lived with his Aunt Polly and half brother, Sid, in St. Petersburg, Missouri; the fictional town was based on Hannibal, Missouri. The first few chapters highlighted Tom’s troubled tendencies. He angered his aunt by eating jam, and then he got in a fight with another boy. As punishment for his various misdeeds, Aunt Polly ordered him to whitewash the fence. However, Tom managed to convince other children that whitewashing was fun, and they ended up giving him various items for a turn at the fence. Later in the book Tom went to the cemetery with Huckleberry Finn, a wanderer whose father was a heavy drinker. They came across three grave robbers, including Injun Joe and Dr. Robinson. Thetwo men got into a fight, and Injun Joe murdered the doctor. Although Tom and Huckleberry promised never to tell anyone what they had seen, Tom eventually charged the escaped Indian Joc.At one point, Tom, Huckleberry, and a third boy decided to run away from home and became pirates (海盗). While on an island in the Mississippi River, they discovered that people thought they had died. The three dramatically reappeared during their funeral services. Tom and Huckleberry then decided to look for buried treasure in an abandoned house. The boys were forced to hide when Injun Joe and a partner arrived to bury their own treasure there. However, the two men then came across a gold storage in the house and decided to hide it elsewhere. One night Huck followed them, hoping to find the gold. When he overheard their plan to attack the Widow Douglas, Huck got help, and the crime was prevented. Tom later went on a picnic with his classmates. While exploring a cave, they became lost, and Tom later realized that the gold was likely to be in the cave, and he and Huckleberry discovered it. 36．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A．The story outlines the Adventures of Tom Sawyer.B．The story describes Mark Twain’s childhood.C．The story tells the story of Huckleberry.D．This passage comments on Mark Twain’s novels.37．What is the underlined part of the second paragraph trying to illustrate?A．Tom’s helpfulness.B．Tom’s honesty.C．Tom’sfriendliness.D．Tom’s naughtiness.38．What’s the correct order of the happenings in the third story?a. Huck followed those two.b. Then Tom and Huckleberry found gold.c. Tom and Huckleberry decided to search for buried treasure.d. Tom, Huckleberry and another boy ran away from home.A．a-c-b-d B．d-c-a-b C．b-a-d-c D．c-b-a-d39．In the author’s eyes, what kind of novel is the Adventures of Tom Sawyer?A．An interesting adventure novel.B．The most humorous story of children.C．The greatest works of children’s literature.D．The most popular historical novel.40．If you want to know the life of a cook, which novel would you choose?A．Edge of Here by Kelechi Okafor B．Starter Villain by John ScalziC．Creation Node by Stephen Baxter D．Land of Milk and Honey by C．Pam Zhang41．What does the underlined phrase mean in the first paragraph?A．A non-leading role.B．A viewer.C．A directorD．A writing style.42．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．In Fiction 2, the Solar System is getting colder.B．In Fiction 3, a single teacher inherited his uncle’s business.C．In Fiction 4, the author described events in the remote arca.D．In Fiction 5, you can experience black life through brain chips.In recent years, the International Space Field set off a new round of exploration craze, hoping to further master the space secrets and resources. Countries are busy developing rockets and satellites, developing manned space technology, formulating plans to explore the moon and Mars, and conquering space “One step ahead?”.When engineers develop a spacecraft, they ask a few key questions that guide their process, says David Klaus, a professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder, who studies risk assessment and human spaceflight. They are, he explains, “What do we want to do? What does it take to do it? What can go wrong? And what can we do to reduce the chance of the bad things going wrong?” These questions seem simple enough, but the answers are essential.When NASA, SpaceX, Blue Origin or anyone else considers sending humans into space, the vehicle they build must do three things. First, it has to accommodate the crew members by meeting their basic needs such as oxygen, food and water. Second, it should allow them to accomplish mission objectives. Lastly, it must protect the people onboard and on the ground from the risks of spaceflight and reentry. Sometimes meeting one need introduces new risks. The crew needs to breathe, of course, but it was high-pressure tanks of liquid oxygen that caused an explosion on Apollo 13, and it was the fuel powering an oxygen generator that sparked a fire onboard the Mir space station in 1997.Not only do astronauts float through a near vacuum (真空) filled with radiation, but in low-Earth orbit, where the International Space Station (ISS) operates, crews have to deal with a growing cloud of debris (碎片) circling Earth, which are usually from old satellites. The ISS’s debris protective covering can absorb impacts from particles smaller than half an inch, but between 1999 and 2022, the station had to fire pushers 32 times to avoid contact with larger objects. A single hit would be dangerous; at speeds of 17,500 miles per hour, even something the size of a softball can cause severe damage.What is the point of looking decades into space and struggling to explore the vastness of the universe? The development of the space industry has brought humans many benefits, the most important of which is the spread of information. The cell phone signal and TV signal people use now are all benefiting from the development of the space industry. The ultimate goal of mankind is to go deeper into space, and to explore more unknown worlds, that is, the Moon, Mars and beyond, and what humanity is eager to achieve is a common home of freedom and equality.43．Why did the writer mention the explosion on Apollo 13 in Paragraph 3 and the fire onboard the Mir space station?A．To explain the high risks of the space industry.B．To show the disadvantages of the space travel.C．To prove the unexpected risks of the spaceflight process.D．To describe the new risks involved in meeting the requirements.44．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?A．The space environment itself piles on danger.B．Any misstep on a space mission is fatal.C．It is very difficult to complete the space mission.D．Space engineers work hard to clean up space debris.45．What is the ultimate goal of human exploration of space?A．More unknown planets and stars.B．Freedom and equality of human beings.C．More protection against human diseases.D．Space secrets and endless resources. 46．What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?A．Studying space for countless years.B．Living in space for many years.C．Exploring space for some ten years.D．Observing space for several ten years.Is Human Brain Too Full?The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity? The answer is no, because brains are more complicated than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form. Previous behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. 47 In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. 48 And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.49 When we search information, both relevant and irrelevant information will appear. The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life.50 In a sense, forgetting is how our brains categorize memories, so the most relevant memories are ready to be taken out. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesn’t become too full.A．While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability stressful.B．But in a new study researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occursin the brain.C．In the future, with the deepening of brain science research, human beings will eventually unlock the secrets of the brain.D．This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering.E．When we obtain new information, the brain automatically attempts to make it into existing information by forming associations.F．The outside world is a judgment of the brain, but humans just don’t realize it.五、书面表达51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ChatGPT Helps People a LotIn real life, robot customer service in various applications are broadly similar to ChatGPT’s Al products. It is ChatGPT’s ability to learn the most with the highest level of intelligence that has made it a global hit. At the end of November 2022, AI research lab OpenAI launched AI chat software ChatGPT. So what exactly can ChatGPT do, and how can it help us ordinary people?First, chat with ChatGPT as if it were your friend when you’re bored, and it will constantly revise its parameters (参数) and behavior with your advice and guidance. So the more you talk to it, the more it knows what you want, and the more it responds to you. Take travel as an example. While there are a lot of travel recommendation sites out there right now, they can’t be customized to the individual, but you can ask ChatGPT for very specific information to get suggestions.Second, ChatGPT can be used when you want to create content but lack ideas. It can open your mind to ideas as well as create ideas for you. Children in the growth always like to listen to parents tell new stories, and story-telling gives a lot of parents a headache. What should we do when we run out of storybooks? ChatGPT is a great story generator, which generates a whole new story, as many as you want, based on the themes and characters you provide. It’s perfect.Third, let ChatGPT help you out when you’re not sure how to get started with a paper, oran article. Of course, it doesn’t always provide the right content, so we can learn from its framework, and it’s much easier to fill in the content from there. Enter information about the type, title, column name, data, and so on, and ChatGPT will generate the table with one click. You can add columns and rows and do in-table calculations.According to ChatGPT’s own answer, it’s just an unconscious computer program. It can carry on self-active learning and realize task transfer under the regular instruction. Docs the answer ChatGPT gives you have to be the right answer? For conscious humans, it might be better to pick from all the possible answers.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________六、翻译52．网络社交并不能代替现实生活。

上海英语高三试题及答案

上海英语高三试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。

A. 他将乘坐飞机去纽约。

B. 他将坐火车去纽约。

C. 他将开车去纽约。

D. 他将坐船去纽约。

[答案] A2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：Q: 短文中提到了哪些交通工具？[答案] 短文中提到了飞机、火车和汽车。

二、语法填空（共15分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。

In recent years, online education has become increasingly popular. It allows students to learn at their own pace and offers a more flexible schedule. However, some students findit difficult to stay focused for a long time. Therefore, itis important to develop good study habits.a. In recent years, online education has become _______ (popular).b. It allows students to learn at _______ (they) own pace.c. However, some students find _______ (they) difficult tostay focused for a long time.[答案]a. more popularb. theirc. it三、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下面的文章，然后回答问题。

Passage 1The benefits of exercise are well known. Regular physical activity can improve heart health, reduce stress, and boost mood. It is also a great way to meet new people and enjoy the outdoors.1. What are some of the benefits of exercise mentioned in the passage?A. Improved heart healthB. Reduced stressC. Boosted moodD. All of the above[答案] D2. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The importance of meeting new peopleB. The importance of enjoying the outdoorsC. The benefits of exerciseD. The drawbacks of exercise[答案] CPassage 2With the development of technology, more and more people are using smartphones. However, the overuse of smartphones canlead to health issues such as eye strain and poor posture.1. What is the main concern of the passage?A. The benefits of smartphonesB. The drawbacks of smartphone overuseC. The development of technologyD. The importance of good posture[答案] B2. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Smartphones are not useful.B. People should avoid using smartphones.C. The use of smartphones should be moderate.D. Technology is causing health problems.[答案] C四、完形填空（共15分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的选项中选择最佳答案。

上海高考英语语法填空专项练习

上海高考英语语法填空专项练习预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制上海高考英语语法填空专项练习One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He ____25___ (cook) some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he found that he ___26___(run) out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it, neither too much ___27___ too little.”His son looked surprised, “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Fathe r , But if I can pay less, ___28___ not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very ___29___ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ___30___ (we) Nick said.Nick’s guests, ___31___ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply ___32___ they could. Nick replied, “The only reason why a man would sell salt ___33___ a lower price would be ___34___ he was desperate for money. And anyone who took the advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect ___35___ the sweat and struggleof the man who worked very hard to produce ___36___”“But such a small thing couldn’t ___37___(possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only ___38___ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always ___39___ (think) that it was only small and not veryimportant and look where we have ended ___40___ today.”II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Read the following passage. For some blanks there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these b lanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with w ords that are correct in structure and proper in meaning.(A)Sports and games make our bodies str ong, prevent us from getting too fat, andkeep us healthy. ___25___ these not thei r only uses. They give us valuable prac tice in making eyes, brain and muscles ___26___ (work) together. In tennis, __ _27___ our eyes see the ball coming, our brain has to decidewhat to do, an d so send its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs and so o n, so that the ball is met and hit ba ck ___28___it ought to go. All this must happen w ith very greatspeed, and only those who havehad a lot of practice at tennis can ca rry out this chain of events successfull y. For those who work with their brains most of the day, the pracice of such skills is espciallyuseful.Sports and games are also very usefu l for character-training. ___29___ each of students learn to work for his te am and not for himself on the football field, he will___30___ (late) find it natural to work for the good of his country instead o f only for his own benefit.(B)Through a series of experiments an A merican scientist has gained an understan ding ofthe social structure of the most complex of ant societies. The ants___31___(examine) are the only creatures other t han man to have given up hunting and c ollecting for a completely agricultural w ay of life. In their underground nests they plantedgardens on soils made from finely ___32_ __ (cut) leaves. This is a complex oper ation___33___ (require)considerable divi sion of labor. The workers of this type of ant can___34___ (divide) into ou r groups according to size. Each of the groups performs a particular set of jo bs.The making and care of the garden a nd the nursing of the young ants are d one by the smallest workers. Slightly la rger workers are responsible for cutting leaves tomake them suitable for use in the garde ns and for cleaning the nest. ___35___ thirdgroup of still larger ants do the const ruction work and collect fresh leaves fr om outside the nest. The ___36___ (l arge) are the soldier ants, responsible for defending thenest.___ 37___ (find) out how good th e various size-groups are at different t asks,the scientist measured the amount of wor k done by the ants against the amountofenergy they used. He examined first the gathering andcarrying of leaves. He s elected one of the size groups, and the n measured ___38___ efficiently these a nts could find leaves and run back to the nest. Then_he repeated the experiment for each of the other size groups.___39___ this way he could see whether any group could do the job more effic iently than the group normally undertakin g it.高考新题型 2014III.Everyone can live longer by allowing himself a little fun, according to research published in London. Two _________ (depend) scientific studies found that, regardless of background and circumstances, everyone tends to have the same “pleasure quota.”_________ , different groups of people get their pleasure in different ways. Researchers asked over 4,000 people in eight countries to assess their level of enjoyment from 13 everyday activities including sex, a glass of wine, a piece of chocolate, tea or coffee or watching TV. “There is ________ wealth of evidence to suggest that the cumulative effect of these little pleasures and happy moments can make us all live longer,”they said. People ________ low incomes get more fun of simple everyday pleasure such as eating a chocolate bar or watching television while those earning over US$ 100,000 a year prefer _______ (eat) out as an enjoyment Researchers advised us that no matter ________ our personal circumstances are, we can and should try to introduce as much happy moments as possible into our lives.William H. Gates, 40, is chairman and chief executive officer of MicrosoftCorporation, the leading provider of software for personal computers worldwide. With net revenues of $5.94 billion for the fiscal year _______ (end) June 1995, Microsoft employs more than18,000 people in 48 countries.。

上海高考语法填空新题型

上海高考语法新题型Read the following passage and fill in each blank in one of the following two ways: ①according to the context; ②using the correct form of the given words. (阅读下面的短文，用以下两种形式之一完成短文：①根据上下文填空；②用所给单词的正确形式填空。

)（A）What would you choose, if you were sitting in front of a TV and there was a book right next to you? The answer will most probably be the TV! Young people would certainly choose the TV, but you will be surprised to find out that the older 25 will at least hesitate about choosing it. Why is this? Are the books not as interesting as they used to be? Is it that the world 26_______ (change) so much in recent years that our habits are not the same any more ?Nowadays many people have 27______ interest in literature. This may be a possible explanation. Another reason might be the change of lifestyle. We are more likely to visit a club or a bar 28______ (relax) ourselves after a long day's work, rather than read a book in the comfort of our own homes. People are more outgoing than they used to be. All the stress of work makes us want a quick relaxing means. Perhaps, most of us do not have the patience to read any more. It is much 29_______ (simple) to turn on the TV and watch the latest news around the world than read 19th century literature!With all the TV programs, every one of us can find an interesting show or movie to watch. What's better than getting into bed with the remote control and 30______ (fall) asleep whenever you wish? You are 31______ master of all the TV programs. The only disadvantage is that TV will never provide you with all the facts that a book can do. TV is much more superficial (肤浅的)than books, 32 _____ _____ it does get you relaxed in just a moment!（B）There are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit .You can talk to friends who have travelled to the places. Or you can see a color film or read travel books.It would seem 33 _____ there are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travels 34 ______ the author has actually made himself. If they are informative and have a good index（索引）then they can be useful 35_____ you when you are planning your travels. The second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. If a well-read, cultured person has written such a book then it is even more useful. It can be sorted as a selected guide book The third kind are those books 36______ (call) “a guide” to some place or other. If they are good, they will, in addition to their factual information, give an analysis or an explanation. Like the first kind they can be 37______ (inspire) and interesting. But their basic purpose is to help the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way.38_____ kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that 39______ does not describe everything as “wonderful”,“excellent”or “magical”. You must also note its date of publication because travel is a very practical affair and many things change quickly in the 21stcentury. Finally, you 40 ______ make sure that the contents are well presented and easy to find. （A）ones 26. has changed 27. no/little/less 28. to relax 29. simpler/ more simple 30. falling 31. the 32. even if（B）33. that34. which 35. to 36. called37. inspiring 38. Whatever 39. It 40.should/ must。

上海高中英语语法填空专项训练

上海高中英语语法填空专项训练英语语法是英语学习中的重要组成部分，它不仅关系到语言的准确性，也是英语考试中常见的题型之一。

本专项训练旨在帮助上海高中生提高英语语法填空的能力，通过练习，加深对英语语法规则的理解和应用。

一、名词的数和格1. 在英语中，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单数和复数形式，如：apple - apples，而不可数名词通常保持不变，如：water。

2. 名词的格主要体现在所有格上，表示所属关系。

单数名词的所有格通常在词尾加's，如：the boy's book；复数名词以s结尾的，只加'，如：the boys' room。

练习：- The ___ (child) books are on the shelf.- She is one of my ___ (friend).二、动词的时态和语态1. 英语动词有多种时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等，每种时态都有其特定的用法和结构。

2. 动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

练习：- The letter ___ (write) by Tom yesterday.- They ___ (not invite) to the party last week.三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。

比较级用于两者之间的比较，最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。

2. 规则形容词和副词的比较级通常在词尾加-er，最高级加-est；不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式需要特别记忆。

练习：- Of the two sisters, Lily is ___ (tall) than Lucy.- This is the ___ (interesting) story I have ever read.四、冠词的使用1. 冠词分为不定冠词（a/an）和定冠词（the）。

上海市高考语法填空21篇(有答案)

(1)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a sophomore (二年级学生），I am feeling the time flies. Recalling about the past one year, so many thoughts (1) _________ (flood) in my mind. At this time, 1 just can’t tell my real idea. The memory is just like so fresh, and all (2) _________ things happened yesterday!When first day I came to University, I really feel that the school is very good, but at the first sight of the dormitory, something (3) _________ (disappoint) come up to me! The condition of the dormitory is really very poor with only one room, no lavatory! I saw something sad in my father’s eyes, maybe that time he thought of the poor condition! So with a big smile on my face, I told my father “it doesn’t matter, Dad. In this kind of condition, I will get myself (4) _________ (good)!5, My father felt better. But when he was coming back, seeing his back, I just wanted to cry! I felt in this city I was just isolated, from that time, I said to myself, you have no others (5) _________ can help you here, just depend on yourself.And then I came to my dormitory 303. I considered that I would spend four years here (in fact I moved to another one year later) and my dorm mates (6_________ (be) all there. Most of them came from Sichuan and they were chatting with a happy voice, but I can5t understand them! Again, I felt myself (7) _________ (isolate)! I hated that kind of feeling, and then I said hello to them!|To my surprise they are very friendly to me and warm-hearted! I no longer felt afraid. And I got along well with them. But at the first night here, I burst out to tears in that I was missing my family. I don’t know(8) _________ Everyday when I was at home, I was just eager to go to school,(9) _________ (experience) the wonderful college life but when coming here,I am just eager to go back! Ifs quite strange though, you (10)_________ know this kind of feeling!答案： 1， are flooding 2, the 3, disappointing 4, better 5, who 6, are 7, isolated 8, why 9, to experience 10, must!(2)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I felt in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search I found one and (1) _____ ____ my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches, they had taken those. I looked (2) _________ the bars at my jailer (看守）.He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him “Have you got a light” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. (3) _________ he came close and lit the match, his eyes inadvertently (无意地）locked with mine. At that moment^ I smiled. I don’t know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, (4) _________ you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to some. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was (5) ____ _____ a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, (6) _________ (look) at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new impression too. Do you have kids he asked Yes, here, here. I took out my wallet and nervously looked for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes (7) _________ (fill) with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them (8) _________ (grow) up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word,he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the tow a"My life (9) _________ (save) by a smile. Yes, the smile The unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that (10) _________ that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear.答案： 1， Because of 2, through 3, As 4, when 5, as though6, looking 7, filled 8, grow 9, was saved 10, if~(3)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Highways turned into free parking lots; high-speed trains shuttled (穿梭）with the minimum possible intervals but still struggled to take the strain; armed police (1) _________ (be) called to help evacuate (疏散）stranded crowds--------$These are not screen shots from Hollywood film 2012 but rather a reality show (真人秀) currently taking place in China, (2) _________ billion people are on their weeklong National Day holidays.(3) _________ the holiday kicked off on Tuesday, relativelycomfortable weather across the country, toll-free (免费通行）highways, admission ticket discounts, and lower gas prices have combined (4) _________ (make) this so-called Golden Week the best time for traveling. At least that was the theory. But such miracles rarely happen (5) _________ millions of minds think alike —the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘）of crowds have been seen almost everywhere.No other description (6) _________ (allow) better visualization of the situation than the Chinglish phrase “people mountain, people sea,” as netizens re-branded Golden Week as “golden mess.” 98,000 — The number of visitors (7) _________ (receive) by the Summer Palace in Beijing on Wednesday (8) _________ crowds flocked to catch a glimpse of a giant rubber duck installed by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman.The temporary exhibit, (9) _________ has caused quite a buzz in China, was transferred to this former royal garden and residence prior (10) _________ the Golden Week.'答案： 1， were 2， where 3, Since 4, to make 5, when6, allows 7, received 8, as 9, which 10,to(4)#Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This kind of damage is inevitable if cells exist frozen in permafrost (永久冻土层）for thousands of years and cannot make repairs, Christner said. Imagine that a microbe is in ice for (1) _________ (extend) periods of time and its DNA is progressively getting cut into pieces. There will eventually be a point (2) _________ the microbe’s DNA become s sodamaged that it's no longer a viable informational storage molecule. What is left is a corpse.The situation would seem dire for the longevity of microbes in ice. But curiously, researchers have been able (3) _________ (revive) microbes buried in ice and permafrost for hundreds of thousands to millions of years. In fact, Christner managed to revive several different types of bacteria from near (4) _________ bottom of the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghan-Tibetan plateau in Western China — ice that is 750,000 years old, from long (5) _________ the age of humans.But (6) _________ is it possible for microbes to counter expectations and survive (7) _________ such long periods when frozen The survival of microorganisms in ancient glacial ice and permafrost has typically been ascribed to their ability to persist in a dormant, metabolic ally inert state. But even this explanation (8) _________ (not account) for the background levels of ionizing radiation (9) cause damage to these microbes’ DNA, frozen (10) _________ the bottom of a glacier or not.、答案： 1，extended 2, when 3, to receive 4, the 5, before6, how 7, for 8, the 9, infecting 10, even though(5)\A simple change — switching on captions (字幕）一can make a big difference when students watch educational videos, an SF State professor has discovered. Robert Keith Collins, (1) _________ assistant professor of American Indian studies, found that students test scores and comprehension improved dramatically (2) _________ captions were used while (3) _________ (watch) videos. The tool is often utilized for students with learning disabilities, but Collins says his results showcaptions can be beneficial to all students.Collins developed the idea (4) _________ he was a member of a faculty learning committee(教师学习委员会）focused on ways to make the classroom (5) _________ (many) accessible to all students. During the first year of a two-year case study, he showed videos (6) _________ captions to establish a baseline of student comprehension. (7) _________ that baseline was established, he turned captions on and began to see improvements. Those improvements continued into the second year of the study.Not only were students talking about how much having the captions (8) _________ (help) them as they (9) _________ (take)notes，their tests cores went up, Collinssaid. During the baseline year, there were a lot of Cs. In the second years, they went from Cs, Ds and Fs to As, Bs and Cs. (10) _________ was really significant improvement.答案：~1, an 2, when 3, watching 4, while 5. more6, without 7. Once 8. doesn’t account 9. that 10. at(6)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that.best fits each blank.When people want to direct the attention of others, they naturally do so by pointing, starting from a very young age. Now, researchers (1) _________ (report) in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, on October 10 have shown that elephants spontaneously get the main idea ofhuman pointing and can use it (2) _________ a cue for finding food.That’s all the more impressive given that many great apes (3) _________ (fail) to understand pointing (4) _________ it’s done for them by human caretakers, the researchers say. By showing (5) _________ African elephants spontaneously understand human pointing, without any training to do so, we (6) _________ (show) that the ability to understand pointing is not uniquely human but has also evolved in a lineage of animal very remote from the primates, says Richard Byrne of the University of St Andrews, noting that elephants are part of an ancient African radiation of animals, including the hyrax (蹄兔）， golden mole (金驢鼠），aardvark (土膝），and manatee (海牛）.What elephants share with humans is (7) _________ they live in an elaborate and complex network in which support, empathy, and help for others are critical for survival.It may be only in (8) _________ a society that the ability to follow pointing has adaptive value, or, more generally, elephant society (9) _________ have selected for an ability to understand when otha's are trying to communicate with them, and they are thus able to work out (10) _________ pointing is about when they see it..]答案：1. reporting 2, as 3, fail 4, when 5, that6, has shown 7, that 8, such 9, may 10, What：(7)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The influence of genes outside the nucleus was known to an earlier generation of field ecologists and crop breeders, said Dan Kliebenstcin, professor in the UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences and Genome Center and senior author (1) _________ the paper published Oct. 8 in the online journal eLife. This is the first time (2) _________ the effect has been quantified (3) _________ a genomic approach, he said.Bindu Joseph, a postdoctoral researcher in Kliebenstein5s lab, and Kliebenstein studied how variation in 25,000 nuclear genes and 200 organellar genes (4) _________ (affect) the levels of thousands of individual chemicals, or metabolites, in leaf tissue from 316 individual Arabidopsis plants.They found that 80 percent of the metabolites (5) _________ (measure) were directly affected by variation in the organellar genes —about the same proportion (6) _________ were affected by variation among the much (7) _________ (large) number of nuclear genes. There were also indirect effects, (8) _________ organellar genes regulated the activity of nuclear genes that in turn affected metabolism.[At first ifs surprising, but at (9) _________ level you almost expect it, Kliebenstein said. These organelles produce energy and sugar for cells, (10) _________ they are very important.答案： 1，on 2, that 3, with 4, affected 5, measured6, that 7, larger 8, where 9, another 10, so(8)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Earlier studies have suggested that texting while driving is on a par with (和一样） driving while intoxicated with alcohol as a significantrisk factor for highway accidents. Indeed, some research suggested that texting (1) _________ (slow) driver reaction times more than being drunk. Other studies reinforce the myth of multitasking and show that very few %) people can competently undertake two or (2) _________ (many) tasks at once. Moreover, our brains allow us (3) _________ (focus) completely only on a single task at any given time, so those people demonstrated as multitaskers are simply better at switching seamlessly between two activities. Texting (4) _________ driving is already banned in some countries, (5) _________ (include) the UK for this reason.There seems to be a mentality that use of electronic devices is dangerous (6) _________ everyone but me, the team says. While the US government has introduced a public awareness campaign (7) _________ (base) around the “” web site, the means to correct for such a risky practice as texting while driving is in dispute. The team’s study provides useful evidence (8) _________ (regard) attitudes to this issue.If further research conclusively demonstrates that texting while driving is as dangerous as driving drunk this study suggests that a promotional campaign should be undertaken to assure that this point (9) _________ (understand), the team suggests. Lantz points out that, our study, particularly our measurement of impulsiveness, is exploratory. We have been working (10) _________ (develop) that measurement and it is still a work in progress, he says.<答案：1， slows 2, more 3, to focus 4, while 5, including6, for 7, based 8, regarding 9, is understood 10, to develop，(9)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagescoherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New research on the reproductive habits of zebrafish offers an explanation as to why some animals5 bodies repair tissues. The research team previously (1) _________ (notice) that male zebrafish regenerate their pectoral fins (胸鳍）poorly, as (2) _________ (compare) to females. Their latest findings, (3) _________ (publish) in the October 14 issue of the Cell Press journal Developmental Cell, reveal the basis for this sex-specific regenerative deficiency: structures that are used (4) _________ (improve) reproductive success. The scenario represents an example of the tradeoffs (权衡，折衷）between reproduction and survival.(5) _________ (lead) by first author Junsu Kang, the scientists identified anatomical (解-剖的）structures (6) _________ male fish use during mating that produce a signal (7) _________ impedes regeneration of the pectoral fins after injury. As such, fish (8) _________ (appear) to trade an ancient ability to regenerate tissue easily for a new-found way of enhancing reproductive success. This valuable information could help scientists begin to explain (9) _________ humans are less able to regenerate tissue and (10) _________ also be us ed to improve the body’s tissue regenerative capacity..答案：1， noticed 2, compared 3, publishing 4, to improve 5, Led6, that/ which 7, that 8, appear 9, is understood10. to develop{Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Researchers studying young bonobos (倭黑猩猩）in an African sanctuary have discovered striking similarities (1) _________ the emotional development of the bonobos and that of children, suggesting these great apes regulate their emotions in a human-like way. This is important to human evolutionary history (2) _________ it shows the socio-emotional framework commonly applied to children works equally well for apes. Using this framework, researchers can test predictions of great ape behavior and, as in the case of this study, confirm humans and apes (3) _________ (share) many aspects of emotional functioning. Zanna Clay, PliD, and Frans de Waal, PhD, of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, conducted the study at a bonobo sanctuary near Kinshasa, (4) _________ capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The results (5) _________ (publish) in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Detailed video analysis of daily social life (6) _________ the sanctuary allowed Clay and de Waal to measure how bonobos handle their own emotions as well as (7) _________ they react to the emotions of others. They found the two were related in that bonobos that recovered quickly and easily from (8) _________ own emotional upheavals (剧变，隆起），(9)_________ (lose) a fight, showed more empathy for their fellow great(10)________ (note) those bonobos more often gave body comfort (kissing, embracing, touching) to those in distress.~答案：1， between 2, Because 3, share 4, the 5, the6, at 7, how 8, appear 9, why 10, could~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurs in the Pacific Ocean but plays an important part in the world’s climate system. Researchers have (1) _________ now been unsure as to how (2) _________ (rise) temperatures would affect ENSO in the future. But this new study suggests that droughts and floods (3) _________ (drive) by ENSO will be more intense.(4) _________ ENSO phenomenon plays a complicated role in the global weather system. The El Nino part of the equation sees a warming of the eastern and tropical Pacific, (5) _________ its cooler sister, La Nina, makes things chillier in these same regions.Like water in a bathtub, the warmer or cooler waters slosh back and forth across the Pacific Ocean. They are responsible for rainfall patterns (6) _________ Australia and the equatoria（赤道的）region, but their effects are also felt much (7) _________ (far) away. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, for example, you can get more intense rainfall over the southern part of the US in a (8) _________ (warm) El Nino phase.For years, scientists have been concerned about how this sensitive weather system (9) _________ be changed by rising temperatures from global warming. Now, in this new paper, published in the journal Nature, researchers (10) _________ (give) their most “robust” projections yet. Using the latest generation of climate models, they found a consistent projection for the future of ENSO.,答案： 1，until 2, rising 3, driven 4, The 5, while6, across 7, further 8, warmer 9, might 10, give(12)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.People like to climb mountains on this festival, so Double Ninth Festival Ls also called “Mountain-climbing Festival”. The 9th lunar month, (1) _________ clear autumn sky and bracing air, is a good time for sightseeing. So people, both ancient (2) _________ present, love to go sightseeing this month.Apart from expelling bad luck and disasters, climbing mounting also indicates “climbing to a (3) _________ (high) position”，and it is also an important reason why ancient people pay much attention about this custom. Another reason (4) _________ climbing mountains are valued by people, especially by the elderly is that is has a meaning of “climb toa longevous life”. Also for this reason people believe that (5) _________ (climb) mountains can make people live a more longevous life.It is really (6) _________ (refresh) to climb mountains and enjoy the beauty of nature at this bright and clear time in autumn. Climbing mountains on Double Ninth Festival was already prevailing in the Tang Dynasty, and a lot of poems were devoted to this custom./Chrysanthemum (7) _________ (originate) in China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century . Chrysanthemum blossomin the ninth lunar month have a beautiful name of “flower of longevity”. The chrysanthemum flowa- wine is unique in brewing. In ancient times, people usually picked fresh chrysanthemum flowers and leaves on the 9th of the 9th lunar month, and brewed the mixture of them and grains into the wine, (8) _________ would not be drunk until the same day next year.The wine is said to have wholesome effects on sharpness of the eye, alleviation of headache, drop of hypertension, reduction of weight and removal of stomach trouble, thus (9) _________ (contribute) to longevity. It is said that the drinkers of the chrysanthemum wine would be free from evil and have strong physique (10) _________ cold weather.答案： 1， with 2, and 3, higher 4, that 5, climbing6, refreshing 7, originated 8, which 9, contributing10, against、(13)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The authors examined how discounts influence pleasure-related consumption experiences. They found that discounts generally make consumers happier. But they also found that (1) _________ (pay) a lower price for a product reduces the need to justify the expenditure, (2) _________ causes people to pay less attention during consumption, dampening enjoyment. The relative strength of these opposing forces (3) _________ (depend) on when the product is consumed after payment —right away or after a delay.The authors conducted four experiments involving real spending and consumption, (4) _________ (use) a variety of products (chocolates, music, orange juice) and different durations of consumption delay. In one of the experiments, participants (5) _________ (purchase) one of two types (6) _________ chocolate truffles (松露）at either the regular price of $1 or a discount of 50 cents. Half of (7) participants consumed the chocolate right away, and the other half waited for a week (8) _________ consuming the chocolate. Consumers enjoyed the chocolate less when theyhad to wait a week.！"'Our research provides new insight for better understanding the mixed effects of discounts on sales and loyalty, (9) _________ (offer) an explanation for why discounts may increase sales in the short run, but (10) _________ have negative long-term effects on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty,” the authors conclude.答案： 1， playing 2, which 3, depends 4, using 5, purchased 6, of , 7, the 8, before 9, offering 10, could；(14)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the study, researchers looked at a group of about 100 patients with speech and language disorders and noticed many of them were teachers. For a control, they compared them (1) _________ a group of more than 400 Alzheimer’s patients from the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging. Teachers were about times (2) _________ (many) likely to develop a speech and language disorder than Alzheimer's disease. For other occupations, there was no difference (3) _________ the speech and language disorders group and the Alzheimer^ group.(4) _________ compared to the 2008 . census, the speech and language cohorthad a higher proportion of teachers, but it was consistent with the differences (5) _________ (observe) with the Alzheimer^ dementia group.This study has important implications for early detection of progressive speech and language disorders, says Mayo Clinic neurologist, Keith Josephs, ., (6) _________ is the senior author of the study. A largecohort study (7) _________ (focus) on teachers may improve power to identify the risk factors for these disorders. "Teachers are (8) _________ daily communication,” says Dr. Josephs. “It’s a (9)_________ (demand) occupation, and teachers may be more sensitive to (10) _________ development of speech and language impairments (损伤）《答案： 1， to , 2, more 3, between 4, When 5, observed6, who 7, focusing 8, in 9, demanding 10, the^(15)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Shoppers are more likely to buy a product from a different location when a pleasant sound coming from a particular direction draws attention to the item, according to a new study in (1) _________ Journal of Consumer Research. "Suppose that you are standing in a supermarket aisle (通道)，（2) _________ (choose) between two packets of cookies, one placed nearer your right side and the other nearer your left. (3) _________ you are deciding, you hear an in-store announcement from your left, about store closing hours," write authors Hao Shen and Jaideep Sengupta. "Will this announcement, (4) _________ is quite irrelevant (5) _________ the relative merits of the two packets of cookies, influence your decision”]In the example above, most consumers would choose the cookies on the。

上海市七宝中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题

上海市七宝中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题一、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soliders, while the people 1 (help) civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat or calculated the length of the year, or manured (施肥) a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars (纪念柱) in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a solider. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are 2 that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not 3 (civilized). Animals fight; so 4 savages (野蛮人); so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently — this, after all, is 5 conquerors and generals have done — is not being civilized. People fight 6 (settle) quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side 7 kill off greater number of the other side, and then saying that the side which has killed most 8 (win). It means 9 (say) that power is right.This is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars,10 millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life-nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.二、选词填空Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the bad distinction by setting up paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States - we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It 11 workers to as much as 12 week’s unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the 12 of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent (先例)”. In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly 13 .As Yale law professor Anne Alstott, argues, 14 parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. Parents are 15 in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. Society expects parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the 16 and intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.While most parents do this out of love, there are public punishments for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep 17 to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only 18 urgent but important to the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children’s welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society 19 . To classify parenting as apersonal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting, really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (累积) to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow’s citizens. In fact, by some 20 , the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money, is equal to 20%-30% of GDP. If these investments bring huge social benefits-as they clearly do-the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.三、完形填空Before 1815 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans. As master craft workers, they imparted the knowledge of their trades to apprentices (学徒) and journeymen (熟练工). 21 women often worked in their homes part-time, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. After 1815 this older form of manufacturing began to 22 factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. 23 transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated the shift to factory production.Apprentices were considered part of the family, and masters were responsible not only for teaching their apprentices a trade but also for providing them with some education and for 24 their moral behavior. Journeymen knew that if they 25 their skill, they could become respected master artisans with their own shops. Also, skilled artisans did not work by the clock.The factory changed that. Goods produced by factories were not as finished or elegant as those done by hand, and pride in craftsmanship gave way to the 26 to increase rates of productivity. The new methods of doing business involved a new and stricter sense of time. Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and, since work was specialized, 27 the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it 28 the very nature of work.The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally 29 complained revealingly about “obedience to the ding-dong of the bell-just as though we are so many living machines.” With the 30 of personal freedom also came the loss of standingin the community. Unlike artisan workshops in which apprentices worked 31 with the masters supervising them, factories sharply separated workers from management. Few workers rose through the ranks to supervisory positions, and even well-paid workers sensed their 32 in status.In this newly emerging economic order, workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. The labor movement gathered some momentum (动力，势头) in the decade before the Panic of 1837, but in the depression that followed, labor’s strength 33 . During hard times, few workers were willing to strike or 34 collective action. And skilled craft workers, who led the union movement, did not feel a particularly strong bond with semiskilled factory workers and unskilled laborers. More than a decade of agitation (激烈争论) did finally bring a workday shortened to 10 hours to most industries by the 1850s’, and the courts also recognized workers’ right to strike, but these 35 had little immediate impact. 21．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore 22．A．give way to B．make up for C．get rid of D．end up with 23．A．Expensive B．Public C．Difficult D．Cheap 24．A．displaying B．supervising C．respecting D．predicting 25．A．shared B．assessed C．perfected D．applied 26．A．pressure B．hatred C．freedom D．disappointment 27．A．followed B．broke C．established D．fixed 28．A．ignored B．demanded C．guaranteed D．transformed 29．A．succeeded B．recovered C．quitted D．revenged 30．A．restoration B．change C．loss D．protection 31．A．closely B．efficiently C．independently D．diligently 32．A．stability B．independence C．decline D．security 33．A．maintained B．developed C．returned D．collapsed 34．A．protest against B．give up C．account for D．engage in 35．A．emphases B．limits C．evidences D．gains四、阅读理解The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd. When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949, I was a nine-year-old war refugee, who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know. My mother, Eleni Gatzoyiannis, had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High. Shortly after I arrived, I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.” The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears, but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class. She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd, the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones. She drilled us in grammar, assigned stories for us to read and discuss, and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper. Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-tom homeland, making me proud of my origins. Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language. Owing to her inspiration, during my next twenty-five years, I became a journalist by profession.Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62. By then, she had taught for a total of 41 years. Even after her retirement, she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential. The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire.Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.36．Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently?A．Stepping on the American soil for the first time.B．Her mother’s miserable deathC．Being exposed to Greek literary works.D．Following the prettiest girl in his class. 37．It can be inferred from Paragraph Four that ________.A．Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nation.B．Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching styleC．The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally firedD．Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students38．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.A．how the author became a journalist B．the importance of inspiration in one’s life C．the teacher who shaped the author’s life D．factors contributing to a successful careerWhen you first arrive in Oxford，it may take a little while for you to find your way around. The university is a large organization that is fully integrated into the city and has been evolving for 800 years. Some of the first things our students do when they arrive include finding a bike ( most students in Oxford find cycling is the best way to go around), setting up a bank account , getting their computer and mobile phone working , finding their department, getting to know their college and working out the best places to socialize.One of the major events you will experience shortly after "coming up" to Oxford is matriculation. Matriculation is held at the University's Sheldonian Theatre and is the ceremony at which you are formally admitted to the university.International students are invited to an orientation day at the start of the academic year. Sessions run throughout the day that will give you practical information about living and studying in UK and introduce you to other graduate students from all over the world who are starting their studies at Oxford at the same time as you , as well as to current Oxford graduate students and staff who will be able to help and advise you . The day covers topics such as studying and learning in the Oxford system, University services, information on living in Britain and culture differences, as well as addressing practical issues such as employment, immigration and visas, health and safety. You can choose which talks to attend and at the end of the day there is a social hour so you can meet fellow student.Another good thing to experience early on is college dining. Most colleges have a tradition of regular formal hall dinners, which consist of three or four courses and the atmosphere of an evening out in a nice restaurant. On some of these occasions you can invite people around to your college for dinner and then they may return the favor. In this way you can get to know people studying your own and other subjects at the same time as visiting many often historical college grounds and dining halls.Further information on your first few weeks at Oxford is available via the Students Gateway on our website and you can get first-hand accounts of what life at Oxford is like bywatching videos of students talking about their experiences on our Wall of 100 Faces. 39．Which of the following is not the first thing for a newcomer to Oxford to do_______？A．to find a best place to socializeB．to set up a bank accountC．to go to the Sheldonian TheatreD．to get mobile phone working40．When do students feel they are truly admitted to Oxford University______？A．They arrived in Oxford and settled down on campus．B．They received the offer from the admission office．C．They met the staff and took some required courses．D．They experienced the matriculation in the university．41．Why is an orientation important for international students？A．It is a good chance to ask the staff for help．B．It offers practical information about living and studying．C．It helps get students' computers hooked to the Internet．D．It can help deal with the problem of culture differences．42．"Return the favor"in the passage probably means___．A．inviting you for dinnerB．visiting your historic college in returnC．sharing favorite videosD．providing you with some good advice．In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters. We’re pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes to they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them. So we’ve come up with various justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to goaround. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. Underlying the hysteria (歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All that is plausible--and mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools, On two measures- professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams selective schools do slightly worse.By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is considered at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke (偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and its significance is declining. The reason: so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college is not life’s only competition. In the next competition--the job market and graduate school-the results may change. Old-boy networks are breaking down. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D．program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of prestigious universities didn’t.So, parents, lighten up. The stakes (风险) have been vastly exaggerated. Up to a point, we can rationalize (合理化) our pushiness. America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that. But too much pushiness can be destructive. The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment. One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction. They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints. 43．Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars?A．They have the final say in which university their children are to attend.B．They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.C．They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.D．They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application. 44．What does the author mean by “kids count more than their colleges” Line 1, para.4?A．Continuing education is more important to a person’s success.B．Kids’ actual abilities are more important than their college background.C．A person’s happiness should be valued more than their education.D．What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.45．What does Krueger’s study tell us?A．Getting into Ph.D．programs may be more competitive than getting into college.B．Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.C．Connections built in prestigious universities may be sustained long after graduation.D．Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs. 46．According to the passage, one possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that ________.A．they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduationB．they earn less than their peers from other institutionsC．they turn out to be less competitive in the job marketD．they overemphasize their qualifications in job applicationDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important firm leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. 47In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.48 They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that oftenleads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. 49 And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast, performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. 50 That kind of strategy must come from the top.A．How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better?B．Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals.C．More haste, less speed, which in the study proves wrong.D．Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.E．They valued efficiency rather than consideration.F．They encouraged new ways of thinking.五、书面表达51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is found that American students spend less than 15% of their time in school. While there’s no doubt that school is important, a number of recent studies remind us that parents are even more so. A study published earlier this month by researchers at North Carolina State University, for example, finds that parental involvement-checking homework, attending school meetings and events, discussing school activities at home — has a more powerful influence on students’ academic performance than anything about the school the students attend.So parents matter. But it is also revealed in researches that parents, of all backgrounds, don’t need to buy expensive educational toys or digital devices for their kids in order to give theman advantage. What they need to do with their children is much simpler: talk.But not just any talk. Recent research has indicated exactly what kinds of talk at home encourage children’s success at school. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the UCLA School of Public Health found that two-way adult-child conversations were six times as potent in promoting language development as the ones in which the adult did all the talking.Engaging in this back-and-forth gives children a chance to try out language for themselves, and also gives them the sense that their thoughts and opinions matter.The content of parents’ conversations with kids matters, too. Children who hear talk about counting and numbers at home start school with much more extensive mathematical knowledge. While the conversations parents have with their children change as kids grow older, the effect of these exchanges on academic achievement remain strong. Research finds that parents play an important role in what is called “academic socialization” — setting expectations and making connections between current behavior and future goals. Engaging in these sorts of conversations has a greater impact on educational accomplishment._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _六、翻译52．意识到犯了大错，我马上向在场所有的人表达了诚挚的歉意。

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Grammar
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Since early times, people (25) ______ (fascinate) by the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, scientists believe that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw other evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even (26) ______ (near) in our own solar system.
One place scientists are studying closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Space probe has provided evidence (27) ______ Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probe has also made scientists think that under its surface is a rocky core (地核) (28) ______ (give) off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions (29) ______ (need) for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe that there may be such lyi ng at the bottom of Europa’s ocean. They may already create life or may be about to. You may wonder (30) ______ light is also needed for life to form.
Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now places have been found on earth, (31) ______ are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface. And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there. So the lack of light in Europa’s sub-surface ocean doesn’t automatically rule out life forming.
(B)
Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However, some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (32) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can serve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (33) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless. However, you (34) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refuse to let others in. Starting off with (35) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough.
(36) ______ you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there.
Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk.。