美国文学史及作品选读(级)PPT
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美国文学史PPT课件
2. 19th_century American Literature 1) Romanticism; 2)Realism; 3)Naturalism 3. American Literature of the 20th century and the
present 1)modernism; 2)postmodernism
— John Updike: “Bitter Bamboo”
What is the implication of Updike’s comment ? Do you agderstanding about American literature and culture at present?
B) Simple, fresh, direct, plain, a touch of nobility
7
Periodization of American Literature Key Themes in American Literature
8
Periodization of American Literature
A General Introduction to American Literature
1
Discussions
China, experts agree, is the nation of the future […] The commercial and intellectual success its emigrants have enjoyed in nations from Malaysia to the United States all augur (预示) impending global dominance. In literature, however, the Chinese mainland, as far as Western ears go, is pretty quiet. […] Bookstores, the Times reports, are bustling, but nearly half the purchases consist of textbooks and half the translations are of American books.
present 1)modernism; 2)postmodernism
— John Updike: “Bitter Bamboo”
What is the implication of Updike’s comment ? Do you agderstanding about American literature and culture at present?
B) Simple, fresh, direct, plain, a touch of nobility
7
Periodization of American Literature Key Themes in American Literature
8
Periodization of American Literature
A General Introduction to American Literature
1
Discussions
China, experts agree, is the nation of the future […] The commercial and intellectual success its emigrants have enjoyed in nations from Malaysia to the United States all augur (预示) impending global dominance. In literature, however, the Chinese mainland, as far as Western ears go, is pretty quiet. […] Bookstores, the Times reports, are bustling, but nearly half the purchases consist of textbooks and half the translations are of American books.
外研社美国文学史及选读(第三版)(第一册)教学课件Chapter 22 Kate Chopin
Content
Chapter 21 Henry James Chapter 22 Kate Chopin Chapter 23 O. Henry Chapter 24 Theodore Dreiser Chapter 25 Jack London Chapter 26 Sherwood Anderson
CChhapatpert3er 22 Kate Chopin
Brief Comment
Although Chopin was criticized during her lifetime, she eventually became recognized as a forerunner of feminist authors of the 20th century. Her works were rediscovered during the 1970s, when scholars evaluated her works from a feminist perspective, noting Chopin’s characters’ resistance to patriarchal structures. She was raised in a largely female environment during an era of great change in America.
Chapter 22 Kate Chopin
Life and Works Brief Comment Selections Notes For Study and Discussion
CChhapatpert3er 22 Kate Chopin
Life and Works
Kate Chopin (1850–1904)
美国文学史及作品选读PPT9
(F. Scott Fitzgerald) <<Back
2 Francis Se has been an outstanding novelist in his life time and admired by lots of people. He was once an idol signifying success, wealth, beauty and youth. However, his life was not as happy as the public imagined. He never failed to remain detached and foresee the failure and tragedy of the ―Dollar Decade‖. He is the spokesman of ―the roaring 1920s‖, ―the Jazz Age‖—―Inside he knew it well, outside he saw it ironically.‖)
◆ ―Tales of the Jazz Age‖ : a legend of ―Americans adolescence before pain set in‖ (The 1920s was called ―the Jazz Age‖ because of this book; Fitzgerald became ―the angel of the twenties‖) ◆ ―All the Sad Young Man‖ ◆ ―Taps at Reveille‖
2.1 Works
● Novels
◆ ―This Side of Paradise (life in Princeton, frustration of young men): representing the triumph of matter over form
2 Francis Se has been an outstanding novelist in his life time and admired by lots of people. He was once an idol signifying success, wealth, beauty and youth. However, his life was not as happy as the public imagined. He never failed to remain detached and foresee the failure and tragedy of the ―Dollar Decade‖. He is the spokesman of ―the roaring 1920s‖, ―the Jazz Age‖—―Inside he knew it well, outside he saw it ironically.‖)
◆ ―Tales of the Jazz Age‖ : a legend of ―Americans adolescence before pain set in‖ (The 1920s was called ―the Jazz Age‖ because of this book; Fitzgerald became ―the angel of the twenties‖) ◆ ―All the Sad Young Man‖ ◆ ―Taps at Reveille‖
2.1 Works
● Novels
◆ ―This Side of Paradise (life in Princeton, frustration of young men): representing the triumph of matter over form
美国文学史及作品选读PPT7
◆ The profound portrait of Huck Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. Huck’s inner struggle and growing opposition to slavery are the most interesting parts of the book. Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help salves escape. He is tortured between traditional values and his own sense of good and evil. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.
● Life on the Mississippi (River) (1883), telling a story of Twain’s boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot ● The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Twain’s masterwork, the milestone in American literature, marking the climax of Twain’s literary creativity, from which “all American literature comes” (Hemingway)
美国文学史及作品选读PPT 11
◆ Desire Under the Elms (1924) ◆ Marco Millions (1923-25) ◆ The Great God Brown (1925) ◆ Lazarus Laughed (1926)
◆ Strange Interlude (1926-27) : for which O’Neill received Pulitzer
● From 1905 to 1925 George Pierce Baker’s (1866-1935) theatrical laboratory produced experimental play by such students as Eugene O’Neill, Philip Barry, Samuel Nathaniel Behrman, Sidney Howard, Thomas Wolfe, and John Dos Passos.
◆ Anna Christie (1920) : for which O’Neill received Pulitzer Prize in 1922 ◆ The Emperor Jones (1920) : staged by
the Provincetown Playhouse, bringing
● The Hairy Ape (P286)
◆ It concerns the problem of modern man’s sense of “belonging.” ◆ A stoker on a luxury liner, “Yank” by name, is happy with life until the day when he is forced to realize that he does not “belong” anywhere. ◆ He is disconcerted, becomes violent, and is even rejected by the radical workers. In his quest for self-identity, he wanders to the zoo where he finds affinity with the great ape there. ◆ But Yank had a pathetic realization that he even does not quite belong among the hairy apes after he was wrapped by the great ape. ◆ He dies, without ever finding his place of “belonging.” The general feeling is one of total despair: Man is rootless in an indifferent and impersonal universe.
◆ Strange Interlude (1926-27) : for which O’Neill received Pulitzer
● From 1905 to 1925 George Pierce Baker’s (1866-1935) theatrical laboratory produced experimental play by such students as Eugene O’Neill, Philip Barry, Samuel Nathaniel Behrman, Sidney Howard, Thomas Wolfe, and John Dos Passos.
◆ Anna Christie (1920) : for which O’Neill received Pulitzer Prize in 1922 ◆ The Emperor Jones (1920) : staged by
the Provincetown Playhouse, bringing
● The Hairy Ape (P286)
◆ It concerns the problem of modern man’s sense of “belonging.” ◆ A stoker on a luxury liner, “Yank” by name, is happy with life until the day when he is forced to realize that he does not “belong” anywhere. ◆ He is disconcerted, becomes violent, and is even rejected by the radical workers. In his quest for self-identity, he wanders to the zoo where he finds affinity with the great ape there. ◆ But Yank had a pathetic realization that he even does not quite belong among the hairy apes after he was wrapped by the great ape. ◆ He dies, without ever finding his place of “belonging.” The general feeling is one of total despair: Man is rootless in an indifferent and impersonal universe.
美国文学史总结PPT课件
人之福，也是众人之父“a common blessing and father to them all”
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John Winthrop
John Winthrop:《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”. 1630年登上“阿贝亚”（Arbella）to Massachusetts并开始写日记keep a journal
其还是美国第一位主要作家the first major writer非凡表达能力，简洁明了，有点幽默，还是一位讽 刺天才as an author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor. He was also sarcastic.
美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.
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Edward Taylor
清教徒诗人中最杰出的一位the best of the Puritan poets 他的作品遵循了十七世纪中期一些杰出诗人风格和形式his work followed they
style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid-seventeenth century。 他大部分作品关于宗教的，大部分诗歌直接以赞美诗为基础进行创作的most of
2019/9/12
2019/9/12
6
John Winthrop
John Winthrop:《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”. 1630年登上“阿贝亚”（Arbella）to Massachusetts并开始写日记keep a journal
其还是美国第一位主要作家the first major writer非凡表达能力，简洁明了，有点幽默，还是一位讽 刺天才as an author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor. He was also sarcastic.
美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.
2019/9/12
10
Edward Taylor
清教徒诗人中最杰出的一位the best of the Puritan poets 他的作品遵循了十七世纪中期一些杰出诗人风格和形式his work followed they
style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid-seventeenth century。 他大部分作品关于宗教的，大部分诗歌直接以赞美诗为基础进行创作的most of
2019/9/12
美国文学史及作品选读PPT5
Whitman’s great work: Leaves of Grass
(Marking the birth of true American poetry) ● Went through 9 editions: 1855, 1856, 1860, 1867, 1871, 1876, 1881, 1889, 1891-92.
Discussion of Dickinson’s Poem “Success Is Counted Sweetest”
◆ Who are “the purple host”? ◆ Who is “he” in the last stanza?
◆ Why is success “counted sweetest by those who never succeed”?
Whitman’s Poetics
● Whitman’s poetic style is marked, first of all, by the use of the poetic “I” (usually a triangular relationship: “I” the poet, subject in the poem and “you” the reader. ● Whitman is also radically innovative in terms of the form of his poetry. What he prefers is “free verse”.
Whitman has been compared to a mountain in American literary history.
His innovations in diction and versification, his frankness about sex, his inclusion of the commonplace and the ugly and his censure of the weakness of the American democratic practice paved his way to a share of immortality in American Literature.
《美国文学史及选读》(第三版)(第一册)教学课件Chapter 4 Benjamin Frankli
CChhapatpert3er 4 Benjamin Franklin
Brief Comment Successful in business, renowned in science, this most modern-spirited man
of early Americans also served his nation brilliantly.
born in Boston
went to Philadelphia as a young man and began his career as a printer
was the sole owner of a successful printing shop, and was the editor and publisher of The Pennsylvania Gazette (later The Saturday Evening Post) at twenty-four
CChhapatpert3er 4 Benjamin Franklin
Selections
my Father was impatient to have me bound8 to my Brother. I stood out some time, but at last was persuaded and signed the Indentures9, when I was yet but 12 Years old. I was to serve as an Apprentice till I was 21 Years of Age, only I was to be allow’d Journeyman’s Wages10 during the last Year. In a little time I made great Proficiency in the Business, and became a useful Hand to my Brother. I now had Access to better Books. An Acquaintance with the Apprentices of Booksellers enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean. Often I sat up in my Room reading the greatest Part of the Night, when the Book was borrow’d in
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● When he was born, his family declined. He was aware of his ancestors’ misdeeds and thus “blackness of Hawthorne” formed. He thought that the reason of his family’s decline is his ancestors’ misdeeds. And he didn’t agree with the optimism held by Transcendentalists towards human nature. He wrote lots of works on everlasting evil side in human nature.
● Like Emerson, Hawthorne thinks that man’s eyes should pierce the veil of surfaces to discover the human nature.
● For Hawthorne, as for Emerson, external reality, nature, objects, tangible forms are merely symbols of a deeper, more inward, ultimately spiritual reality, and Hawthorne’s language, like Emerson’s, is an attempt to extract the secret meaning from reality.
● He graduated from Bowdoin College. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Mr. Pierce, the 14th American president were his classmates.
● After graduation, he lived in seclusion and wrote.
● Later, he worked in the US Custom House.
● After Pierce became president, he was asked to be the consul in Liverpool and Italy.
● The appearance of The Scarlet Letter in 1850 makes him become famous as the greatest writer then living and the first great American writer of fiction.
1.Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804 - 1864)
1.1 Life
● He was born in a prestigious New England family closely related with Puritan church; his ancestors attended the persecution of people belonging to different churches, such as Quakers.
Lecture 4
American Romanticism and New England Literature:
Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville
Content
Nathaniel Hawthorne Herman Melville
Teaching Objectives and Reqtics
Attitude towards Emersonian Transcendentalism Black vision of human nature Theory of Romance
Attitude towards Emersonian Transcendentalism
● But while for Emerson, the result of such a quest is nearly always positive, a joyous revelation or rather a confirmation, for Hawthorne, it is far more frequently a revelation of evil, of death in life, of the mystery and ambiguity which surround us.
1 Help the students to know about Nathaniel Hawthorne
2 Help the students to have a good understanding of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter 3 Help the students to know about Herman Melville and his Moby Dick
● For him, human beings are evil-natured and sinful and this sin and evil is ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another. His writings are to show how we are all wronged and wrongers, and avenge one another.
Black vision of human nature
● Obsessed, or haunted by the Calvinistic concept of the original sin, Hawthorne cannot look upon any aspect of reality, either human or natural, without finding the germ that corrupts and destroys.