自考英语一
《英语一》考试题型及备考建议
一、指定教材
必读书目为全国高等教育自学考试公共课指定新材《英语(一)自学教程》。英语一要求掌握的词汇量为3500。本课程的考试采用闭卷方式，统考采用笔试。考试时间为150分钟。试卷满分为100分，60分及格。本课程考试采用统一设计的答题卡。考生必须将所有试题的答案按要求填涂和书写在答题卡对应的位置。"命题按照标准化测试要求设计。命
题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定。部分命题素材取自《英语（一）自学教程》。统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45%。试卷由七
部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。
二、考试要求及考试题型
考试题型分为客观性和主观性试题，试卷由七部分组成：1．阅读判断
2．阅读选择
3．概括段落大意和补全句子
4．填句补充
5．填词补文
6．完型补文
7．短文写作
1、阅读判断：该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句问关系和语篇结构。该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的l0个句子所表达信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。
该部分共l0小题。每小题1分，共计10分。
2、阅读选择：该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断：根据上下文推断生词的释义，领会作者的意图、观点和态度。短文后设有5个题目，要求考生从每题后4个备选项中选出最佳选项。
该部分共5小题，每小题2分，共计10分。
3、概括段落大意和补全句子：该部分包括1篇短文（350词左右）和2项任务：概括段落大意和补全句子。其中概括段落大意部分旨在考查考生宏观把握文章结构、概括段落大意和提取关键信息的能力。该任务设有5或6个概括句或小标题，这些标题或文字分别是对文章各段落的概括和阐述，
其中1个为干扰项，要求考生根据文章内容选出最恰当的段落大意或小标题。补全句子部分主要考查考生定位查找关键信息的能力。该任务设有5或6个不完整的句子和6或7个备选项：所填内容一般为名词短语、动宾短语、形容词结构、非谓语结构或简短的从句等，要求考生把符合题意的选项填入空格，完成每个句子。
该部分共10小题，每小题1分，期10分。
4、填句补文：主要考查考生对文章语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的识辨能力以及把握文章结构的能力。要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。要求考生在理解文章整体结构以及段落之间，单句之间关系的基础上，从所给的6个备选项中选出对应的5项。
该部分共5小题。每小题2分，共计10分。
5、填词补文：该部分考查考生对文章及语篇中词汇的理解能力。短文中留出10个词汇的空格，要求考生从所给12个备选单词中选择符合上下文语境的词汇填入相应空白处，使短文意思通顺，表达正确。2个非确选项具有干扰性。考查的词汇主要涉及名词、动词、形容词，副词等。短文首
句不设置空格，两个空格之间会有一定间隔，以保证考生对篇章的正确理解。
该部分共10小题。每小题1.5分，共计15分。
6、完形补文：该部分考查考生综合理解和运用语言的能力。要求考生准确掌握词语拼写，熟练掌握派生、屈折变化等构词方法，具备语篇分析能力，能够通过上下文语义和文章结构对具体词语的意义、词性、时体和情态等方面的应用作出有效分析。该部分要求考生在通读1篇约150词短文（被删除10个单词）的基础上，将与空白处对应的提示词转换成适当的词汇形式填入文中，使短文意义完整、语法正确。
该部分共l0小题。每小题1.5分，共计15分。
7、短文写作：该部分考查考生的书面表达能力。要求考生根据所给情境写出不少于120词（不计算标点符号）的文章。提供情境的形式有图画、图表、文字等。考生应能准确使用所学语言知识，根据写作要求清楚，连贯地表达自己的意思。
该部分共l题。共30分。
Unit 1 Foreign Language Learning
A man who does not know a foreign language is ignorant of his own.
一个不懂得外语的人，也不会真正的了解自己的母语。
Text A
Learning a Foreign Language 学外语
There are many ways to learn a foreign language well! Read the suggestions below. Following these steps will give you a firm foundation.
想要学好外语有很多方法。读一读下面的建议，按照这些步骤做将给你打下坚实的基础。
1 spend time
1 一定要花时间
By far the most important factor is how much time you are immersed in the language. 【1】
最为重要的因素在于你花多少时间泡在外语中。Immersion
The more time you spend on the language, the faster you will learn. 【2】
花在一门语言上的时间越多。就会学的越快。
The higher the ground is , the thinner the air becomes.
This means listening, reading, writing and speaking.
这意味着你要去听、去读、去写、去说。
It does not mean sitting in class looking out of the window, or listening to other students who do not speak well, or expecting explanations in your own language about how the language works.
这不是指在教室里看着窗外，或者听班里的其他学生说些不伦不类的外语，或者期待老师用本国语言讲解外语的用法，
It means spending time enjoyably on whatever relates to the language you are learning.【3】
而是说要多花时间心情愉悦地学习任何与所学语言相关的东西。
2 Listen and read every day
2 每天坚持听和读
Wherever you are, listen to the language on your MP3 player and read what you are listening to.
无论在哪里，用你的MP3播放器来听外语，并且把你听到的东西读出来。
Listen to and read materials that you like, materials that you can mostly understand or even only partly understand. 不管是听还是读都要选择自己喜欢的语言材料，选择那些你能基本理解甚至只是部分理解的材料。
If you keep listening and reading，you will get used to the language.【4】
只要你坚持听和读，你就会习惯这种语言。
I used to get up early in the morning. 过去常常做某事
I am used to watching TV in the evening. 习惯于某事One hour of listening and reading each day is more effective than many hours of class time.【5】
每天听读外语一个小时要比在教室里学几个小时更有效。effective 有效的，有效果的，生效的。
Efficient 效率高的，效能高的
Our efficient new machine are much cheaper to run.
3 Focus on words and phrases
3 关注单词和短语
Build up your vocabulary. You’ll need lots. Start to notice words and how they come together as phrases. Learn these words and phrases through listening and reading. Read online, using online dictionaries, and make your own vocabulary lists for review.
不断扩大词汇量。掌握一门外语需要大量的词汇，留意单词的用法以及他们是怎样组成短语的。通过听和读来掌握这些单词和短语。可以在线阅读，使用在线词典，并且制作自己的词汇表以便复习。
Soon you will run into your new words and phrases elsewhere. 【6】Gradually you will be able to use them.很快你会在其他地方碰到你新学会的词和短语，慢慢地就会用了。
Do not worry about how accurately you speak until you have accumulated plenty of words through listening and reading.
在通过听和读积累了大量的词汇之前，先不用担心你的口语的准确性。
4 Take responsibility for your own learning
4 为自己的学习负责
If you do not want to learn the language, you won’t. if you do want to learn the language, take control!
如果你不想学，你就学不会。如果你的确想学的话，那么要掌控自己的学习。
Choose content that interests you that you want to listen to and read. 【7】
选择你感兴趣的内容，那些你想去听和读的内容。
Look up the words and phrases that you need in order to understand your listening and reading.
查一查那些在你听或者读的过程中用得着的单词和短语。
Do not wait for someone else to show you the language or tell you what to do.
不要等着别人来教你怎么学，或告诉你怎么做。
Discover the language by yourself, like a child growing up. 【8】
像个成长中的孩子一样，自己去探索这门语言。
Talk when you feel like it. 【9】Write when you feel like it. 想说的时候就说想写的时候就写。
A teacher cannot teach you to become fluent, but you can learn to become fluent if you want to.
老师不能教会你如何把外语用得流利，但只要你愿意，你就可以学会怎么样才能用的流利
5)Relax and enjoy yourself
5放松并且让自己乐在其中
Do not worry about what you cannot remember, or cannot yet understand, or cannot yet say.
It does not matter. 【10】
不要担心你记不住的，或者还理解不了的、还不会说的那些内容。这不重要
It doesn’t matter about the price, buy it,whatever it costs.
You are learning and improving. 重要的是你一直在学一直在进步。
The language will gradually become cleaner, but this will happen at a pace that you cannot control. So sit back and enjoy.
你所学的语言会在你的头脑中逐渐变得清晰，但这件事情发生的速度不是你能左右的。所以，舒舒服服地坐下来，享受学习外语的快乐。
Above all, make sure you spend enough time with the language.【11】That is the greatest guarantee of success. 最重要的是一定要花足够的时间泡在外语中。这是成功的最大保证。
Unit 1 Text B
Five good reasons to learn a Foreign Language
学外语的五大理由
Still don’t understand why learning a foreign language is a good idea? Read the following and you will get the idea!
还不理解为什么学习外语是个好主意吗？读完下面的文章你就明白了。
1Improve your native language
1 提高母语水平
I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out. 【1】
我知道乍听之下这似乎说不通，但是且听我慢慢道来。
As a person who speaks only one language, you have no basis for comparison; 【2】all [that] you know is your native language.
Compare .....with......
Let compare this article with that one. Compare.....to .....
The hearth is often compared to the pump.
你只会说一门语言的话，就没有比较的基础。你所知道的不过是你的母语。
In different languages the same idea is often expressed in different ways.
在不同的语言中，同一个概念会有不同的表达方法。Knowing another language gives you a great measuring stick.
掌握另一门语言会给你一个很好的参照物。
It will help you better understand tenses, prepositions and all the other parts of speech [that] we normally take for granted. 【3】
它将帮你更好的了解时态、介词、以及语言中其他我们通常习以为常的部分。
Don’t take it for granted that your parents should support you all your life.
You will find yourself speaking and writing more precise and creative sentences. 【4】
你会发现自己能说和写更准确和富有创造性的句子。There is a reason why most great writers and poets are students of many languages.
这就是为什么很多伟大的作家和诗人都曾学习多门语言的原因。
2enhance your experience of travel
2 增加你的旅游体验
Traveling is one of the great joys of life and also one of the most expensive.
旅游是人生一大乐趣，同时也耗资巨大。
Why not get the most out of it?【5】
为什么不最大限度地利用它呢？
If you don’t know the language of the places you visit, you are completely excluded from the culture.
如果不懂当地的语言，你就会被完全排除当地文化之外。The locals shun you and you are relegated to sightseeing and taking cheesy photos.
当地人不搭理你，你只能观光旅游，拍一些俗气的照片。Knowing even a few phrases of the language will make a huge difference. 【6】
就算只知道这门语言中的几个词组，也会为你的旅游带来很大的不同。
You will meet many more people and find it much easier to get around.
你会遇到更多人，发现自己更容易融入当地生活。
People are much more receptive if you make an effort to speak their language.【7】
如果你努力用他们的语言来沟通，当地的人会更热情的接待你。
This can turn a frustrating experience into the trip of a lifetime.
这能将一次糟糕的旅行变成人生旅途中难忘的经历。
3Languages are beautiful
3 语言是美丽的
Language is what makes us human.【8】
我们之所以成为人类，是因为我们有自己的语言。
It is the medium we use to share our thoughts with the rest of the world.
它是我们同世界交谈自己思想的媒介。
Can you imagine thought without language?
你能够想象没有语言的思想是什么样子的吗？
Great language also has a wonderful musical quality.
伟大的语言同时也拥有美妙的韵律。
Learning a new language is like learning a new way to think and a new way to sing.
学习一门新语言，就如同学习一种全新的思维方式和歌唱方式一样。
I am often struck by new phrases that are profoundly meaningful and melodic.
一些意义深远、优美动听的话语经常打动着我。
At those moments I feel grateful to be alive. 【9】
在那些时刻，我感谢生存的美好。
Don’t sell yourself short by stubbornly ignoring every language but one.【10】
不要固执地守着一门语言而怒视其他语言，那样会低估了自己。
4Join the global community
4 加入地球村
Believe it or not, the majority of the world does not speak our mother tongue.
Mandarin
Cantonese
信不信由你，世界上大多数人并不说我们的母语。
We are so isolated that we hardly realize this.
我们如此孤立，几乎没有意识到这一点。
The truth is that new thoughts and ideas are appearing everywhere and they are not being immediately translated. 事实是，新思想，新观念在世界各地随时会涌现，而他们并不会马上被翻译过来。
The world is getting smaller and we are coming into contact with more non-chinese speakers all the time . Gain an advantage for yourself in business and personal relationships by being able to communicate with people in their language. 【11】
世界正在变小，我们会接触到更多不讲中文的人。能够和他们用他们的语言交流，对你的事业和人际关系来说都是一大优势。
This will set you apart and gain you immediate respect and credibility.【12】
这会让你与众不同，并且立刻赢得尊重和信誉。
Last, but not least:
最后，同样重要的一点：
5It’s just pain cool纯粹因为时髦
I’m not saying you should learn a few corny french pick-up lines and go saying them to everyone you meet, but knowing a foreign tongue and applying it tastefully is undeniably attractive.
我并不是要你去学一些法语中的老掉牙的搭讪用语，然后跑去搭讪每一个你碰到的人，而是说掌握一门外语且运用自如，具有一种无可否认的吸引力。
It implies education, good taste and refinement, and it will certainly make you stand out against the competition.
这意味着你有学识、有品位、有教养，这无疑会使你在竞争中脱颖而出。
Imagine saying a beautiful phrase with perfect pronunciation to a lovely coed.
想象一下吧，用美丽的词藻、完美的发音和一个可爱的女生说话。
You will immediately have her attention; she will be dying to know what it means. 【13】
你会立即赢得她的注意；她会急于想知道你说的是什么意思。
I know this from experience.
我是通过亲身经历知道这些的。
Unit 2
Text A
Pre-reading Questions
Cracked or Perfect: We Can Make a Difference!
A water bearer in India had two large pots. Each hung on each end of a pole which he carried across his neck. One of the pots had a crack in it, while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full portion of water at the end of the long walk from the stream to the master’s house. The cracked pot arrived only half full. For fully two years this went on every day, with the bearer delivering only one and a half pots full of water to his master’s house.
Of course the perfect pot was proud of its accomplishments. While the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its imperfection and miserable that is was able to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do
After two years of what it perceived to be a bitter failure, it spoke to the water bearer one day by the stream.
“I am ashamed of myself, and want to apologize to you.”
“Why?” asked the bearer, “what are you ashamed of?”
“For these past two years I have been able to deliver only half my load because this crack in my side causes water to leak out all the way back to your master’s house. Because of my flaws, you don’t get full value from your efforts.” The pot said.
The water bearer felt sorry for the old cracked pot, and out of compassion he said, “As we return to the master’s house, I want you to notice the beautiful flowers along the path.”And so as they went up the hill, the old cracked pot took notice of the sun warming the beautiful wild flowers on the side of the path, and this cheered it up. But at the end of
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全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解 2015年全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解 课程代码：00794 选择题部分 I. 语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20） 1. Down about two hundred yards _____ three logs right across the stream. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】B查看答案 【解析】句意：沿着溪流对面向下二百码的地方，有三根木头。方位副词down 位于句首，句子全部倒装，谓语动词与主语three logs保持一致，用复数形式。B项符合题意，故选B项。 2. She has always enjoyed reading newspapers, magazines and books, all of _____ have been of great help to her in television reporting. A. that B. them
D. which 【答案】D查看答案 【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。D项符合题意，故选D项。 3. The reason _____ his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed. A. of B. in C. for D. with 【答案】C查看答案 【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。the reason for 为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。C项符合题意，故选C项。 4. Keep trying, and you’ll figure it out. You know _____ they say: if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again. A. why B. what C. how