上海 英语试卷
上海高考英语真题
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（一）上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At theend of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations andthe questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answerson your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to thequestion you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop.B. At a laundry.C. At the dentist’s.D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor.B. A salesman.C. A translator.D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.B. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory.B. Find a person to share their apartment.B. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked threequestions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will bespoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café.B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10%.B. 12%.C. 6%D. 7%.16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will beread twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blankswith the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherentand grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the properform of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good,I (26)________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car sp ot earlier. She was giving me (27) ______ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) ______ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) ______ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) ______ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seem ed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _________(shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) ______(nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _______ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) ________ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) ______ _______ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _______ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37)_______ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _______ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) ______ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _______ is a real illness people can suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culturewe live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies(等级制度)have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowing the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competingand often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists.51, you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient peopleseemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more52 to people’s lives. The53is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be54. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that55attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the56of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 mi nutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to57what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their58judgments often held true. Students seemed to59at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The60KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is eitherready to fight or is feeling61to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as62as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we64attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to65words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise52. A. romanticB. stressfulC. centralD. beneficial53. A. priorityB. proofC. possibilityD. principle54. A. testedB. imposedC. changedD. created55. A. appearancesB. virtuesC. similaritiesD. passions56. A. illustrationsB. implicationsC. ingredientsD. intensions57. A. predictB. investigateC. diagnoseD. recall58. A. criticalB. initialC. randomD. mature59. A. memorizeB. distinguishC. negotiateD. question60. A.Nose B.Eye C.Heart D.Hand61. A. openB. alertC. resistantD. superior62. A. disappointedB. amazedC. confusedD. gifted63. A. emotionsB. attractivenessC. individualityD. signals64. A. enhanceB. possessC. maintainD. assess65. A. familiarB. plainC. positiveD. insultingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen.It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Bӧӧgg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Bӧӧgg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66.According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A.People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B.People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C.Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D.Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67.“The heyday of the snowman ” (Paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A.snowmen were made mainly by artistsB.snowmen enjoyed great popularityC.snowmen were politically criticizedD.snowmen caused damaging floods68.In Zurich, the blowing up of the Bӧӧgg symbolizes__________________.A.the start of the paradeB.the coming of a longer summerC.the passing of the winterD.the success of tradesmen69.What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A.They were appreciated in history.B.They have lost their value.C.They were related to movies.D.They vary in shape and size.(B) 70. In the film review, what is Paragraph A mainly about? A. The introduction to the leading roles.B. The writer’s opinion of acting .C. The writer’s comments on the story .D. The background information. 71. According to the film review, “themonster ” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film? A. It’s full of wit and humour. B. Its characters show feelings without words. A The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first fulllength feature film made by directors Nick Park andSteve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’san absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.A Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect t he town’svegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is eating all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. Thecompetition organiser, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunterVictor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it. B The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutelyperfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life he can express a huge rangeof emotions without saying a word. And both HelenaBonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.CTo sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is anamazing film which is suitable for both children andDC. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an hono u rable man,” he said. “He was a traitor(叛徒). And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeare s”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s slyprovocation(狡诈的挑唆)of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was the basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmescontain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases(偏向): their reading of Henry V minimises his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasise the story of the youth who seizes opportunity andbecomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honourable.D. Rude.74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeare s” to ________.A. help exec utives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analys ing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s play s.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: A lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult-sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behaviour (whether they win or lose) than with the behaviour (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviours, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behaviour focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skill in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, playerscould more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to____________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play,deliberate practiceis aimed at____________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2023年上海市高考英语试卷及解答
2023年上海市高考英语试卷及解答第一部分：听力理解（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do?A. Go shopping.B. Have a rest.C. Go to the cinema.2. What does the man think of the movie?A. Exciting.B. Boring.C. Disappointing.3. What does the woman mean?A. She doesn't like the color.B. She doesn't want to buy the dress.C. She wants to try on another dress.4. What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Have a cup of coffee.C. Go to the bookstore.5. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Take a taxi.B. Walk to the station.C. Take a bus.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
上海版中考英语试卷(I)卷
上海版中考英语试卷（I）卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题。
从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部 (共15题；共30分)1. （2分）Jane can speak English _____________. She wants to work for the Olympic Games.A . correctB . niceC . sweetD . well2. （2分）Tom went to work late the snowstorm.A . ifB . forC . becauseD . because of3. （2分）If you become a ________ of a group or an organization, you join it.A . friendB . fanC . member4. （2分）— If you _____ to finish the work on time, you should try your best.— I will keep my word.A . promisedB . challengedC . wantedD . would like5. （2分）Except for working hard, we should give more attention to proper exercise and enough sleep. , health always comes first.A . For exampleB . After allC . So far6. （2分）We are getting ready __________ Christmas.A . toB . withC . forD . of7. （2分）If you work harder, you'll have another______ to play the violin at a concert.A . sleepB . chanceC . mistakeD . problem8. （2分）His hair is ______than mine.A . blackB . longC . very shortD . Longer9. （2分）There was something wrong with the line. We couldn't each other clearly.A . listenB . soundC . hearD . speak10. （2分）—Who is your math teacher?—The man ____ curly hair. He is very funny.A . hasB . withC . wearsD . in11. （2分）—A ship with 456 people sank in the Changjiang River on the night of June 1.—I could ________ control my feelings at the moment.A . reallyB . hardlyC . nearlyD . clearly12. （2分）The program "I'm a Singer" is quite popular ______ students these days. They often talk about it between classes.A . forB . withC . in13. （2分）— If you break the school rules, you will be punished.—I see. I will learn them by heart.A . copy... downB . keep ... in mindC . give ... up14. （2分）We just need one of you for the game. ________ you ________ your brother can join us.A . Both; andB . Neither; norC . Either; orD . Not only; but also15. （2分）The little girl was lost and her parents are really her.A . interested inB . afraid ofC . busy withD . worried about二、完形填空。
2023年上海中考英语试卷-(含答案)
2023年上海中考英语试卷-(含答案)第一部分听力测试（共25小题，计25分）Part I Listening Test (25 questions in total, 25 points in total)1. (A)2. (B)3. (C)...25. (B)第二部分知识运用（共30小题，计30分）Part II Language Use (30 questions in total, 30 points in total)26. (A)27. (C)28. (B)...55. (D)第三部分阅读理解（共25小题，计50分）56. (C)57. (A)58. (D)...80. (B)第四部分写作（共1题，计20分）Part IV Writing (1 question in total, 20 points in total)Write an essay of about 150 words on the topic: "The Importance of Sports in Education."第五部分任务型阅读（共10小题，计25分）Part V Cloze Test (10 questions in total, 25 points in total)81. (the) 82. (in) 83. (to)...90. (has)附加题：TranslationExtra: TranslationTranslate the following sentence into English: "他们今天去了哪个博物馆？"ANSWER: Which museum did they go to today?答案解析Answer ExplanationPlease refer to the attached answer sheet for detailed answer explanations.---*Note: This document is created based on the information provided and may not reflect the exact content of the 2023 Shanghai Junior High School Entrance Exam English Paper. It is for reference purposes only.*。
2023上海高考英语试卷
2023上海高考英语试卷This section tests your ability to understand spoken English. You will listen to a series of conversations and questions, and choose the best answer from the options provided.1. (5 points)- Conversation: You will hear a conversation between two people.- Question: What time is the train to Beijing?- A) 8:30 am- B) 9:00 am- C) 10:30 am- D) 11:15 am2. (5 points)- Conversation: You will hear a conversation between a student and a teacher.- Question: What is the assignment about?- A) History- B) Science- C) Literature- D) MathThis section tests your ability to understand written English. You will read a series of passages and answer questions based on the information provided.Passage 1:Subject: Birthday PartyHi Emma,Best,Sally3. (5 points)- What is the purpose of the email?- A) To invite Emma to a birthday party.- B) To ask Emma for a favor.- C) To inform Emma about the party details.- D) To share news about a recent event.Passage 2:According to a recent study, spending time in nature can have a positive impact on mental health. The study found that people who spent at least two hours in nature per week reported lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. This suggests that spending time outdoors can be a simple and effective way to improve mental well-being.4. (5 points)- What did the study find about spending time in nature?- A) It can cure mental health disorders.- B) It is essential for physical health.- C) It can reduce levels of stress and anxiety.- D) It is only beneficial for certain age groups.Section 3: Grammar and Vocabulary (语法和词汇)5. (5 points)- I have ________ books to read this summer.- A) much- B) many6. (5 points)- The bus ________ just as I arrived at the stop.- A) left- B) leaveSection 4: Writing (写作)In this section, you will choose one of the given topics and write an essay of no less than 200 words.Choose one topic:1. The advantages and disadvantages of social media.2. The importance of physical exercise for overall health and well-being.Please indicate the topic number you have chosen at the beginning of your essay. You will be assessed on your ability to present a clear andcoherent argument, use appropriate language and vocabulary, and organize your ideas effectively.End of Exam (考试结束)。
上海中考英语试卷及答案版
上海市初中毕业统一学业考试英语试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有7大题，共99小题。
试题均采用持续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完毕，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I.Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到旳内容，选出相应旳图片) (6分)1. _______2. _______3. _______4. _______5. _______6. _______B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到旳对话和问题，选出最恰当旳答案) (10分)7.A) In March. B) In April. C) In May. D) In June.8.A) Once a week. B) Twice a week. C) Once a month. D) Twice a month.9.A) By bus. B) By underground. C) On foot. D) By taxi.10.A) The brown one. B) The blue one. C) The red one. D) The green one.11.A) To watch TV. B) To play football. C) To see a film. D) To hold a match.12.A) In a car park. B) In a post office. C) In a coffee bar. D) In a school hall.13.A) A librarian. B) A shop assistant. C) A secretary. D) A tour guide.14.A) A film. B) A novel. C) A game. D) A person.15.A) Jane should change a bus. B) Jane stayed up too late last night.16.C) Jane always gets up early. D) Jane used the same excuse again.17.A) Because painting is fun to her. B) Because she is good at painting.18.C) Because her parents are artists. D) Because she wants to be an artist.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子与否符合你听到旳内容, 符合旳用“T”表达，不符合旳用“F”表达) (7分)17.Jack was in charge of the sales department in a big company.18.Jack took some work home to complete for a meeting one day.19.While Jack was working, he took several breaks as he was tired.20.In order to make Tim busy, Jack gave Nm a newspaper to read.21.It took Tim only about four minutes to finish the task from his dad.22.When Tim said he had completed his task, Jack was excited.23.Tim was familiar with the world map so he put it together quickly.D.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完毕下列内容。
上海中考英语试题
上海中考英语试题2023年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试英语试卷（满分150分，考试时光100分钟）Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（按照你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear （按照你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）7. A. In March. B. In May C. In June D. In July8. A. His son. B. His daughter. C. His father. D. His mother.9. A. 11. B. 12. C. 13. D. 14.10. A. Lions. B. Elephants. C. Monkeys. D. Tigers.11. A. Because the car is too old. B. Because he needs money.C. Because there is too much traffic.D. Because he wants to buy a new car.12. A. At home. B. In the museum. C. At school. D. In the hospital.13. A. Make some cakes. B. Order a meal.C. Take him to a restaurant.D. Buy some milk.14. A. Sleep. B. Fans. C. The kids. D. The weather.C. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false（推断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）15. Amy often stays up late at night to learn English.16. The programmes Amy listens to are Canadian and American.17. Amy thinks that talk channels are better than music channels.18. Amy’s progress is slow, but her English is getting better t han before.19. Tom isn’t interested when Amy tells him a bout listening online.20. Tom and Amy are talking about a good way to learn English.to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列句子。
上海中考英语试卷
上海中考英语试卷一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）1. —What do you think of the film?—It’s _______. I’ve seen it twice.A. excitingB. excitedC. excitinglyD. excitedly答案：A. exciting2. —What do you think of the new teacher?—He is _______. He always encourages us to think independently.A. strictB. seriousC. patientD. inspiring答案：D. inspiring3. —What do you think of the new restaurant?—It’s _______. The food is delicious and the service is excellent.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. terrible答案：B. wonderful4. —What do you think of the new movie?—It’s _______. I’ve seen it three times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting5. —What do you think of the new book?—It’s _______. I’ve read it twice.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：B. wonderful6. —What do you think of the new game?—It’s _______. I’ve played it three times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting7. —What do you think of the new TV show?—It’s _______. I’ve watched it four times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：B. wonderful8. —What do you think of the new song?—It’s _______. I’ve listened to it five times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：B. wonderful9. —What do you think of the new play?—It’s _______. I’ve seen it six times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting10. —What do you think of the new computer game?—It’s _______. I’ve played it seven times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting11. —What do you think of the new magazine?—It’s _______. I’ve read it eight times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：B. wonderful12. —What do you think of the new movie?—It’s _______. I’ve watched it nine times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting13. —What do you think of the new song?—It’s _______. I’ve listened to it ten times. A. terrible B. wonderful C. boring D. exciting答案：B. wonderful14. —What do you think of the new book?—It’s _______. I’ve read it eleven times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：B. wonderful15. —What do you think of the new game?—It’s _______. I’ve played it twelve times.A. terribleB. wonderfulC. boringD. exciting答案：D. exciting。
2024届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题(原卷板+解析版)
虹口区2023学年度第二学期期中学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones “Please, no flash photography.”Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of ____21____ they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places ____22____ people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.The patent, ____23____ (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by thesmartphone as a command ____24____ (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows ____25____ they object to the free footage circulating around the web. ____26____ this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent ____27____ (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to ____28____ with more immoral intentions.Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just ____29____ (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid _____30_____ (use) the prohibitive software.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from thebox. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. chaosB. consumeC. plentifulD. dischargeE. evolutionarilyF. extentG. freezeH. mechanismI. novelJ. subsequentlyK. unstable Science in ImagesOyster mushrooms feature in cuisines around the world, but they should be off the menu for hungry worms -- which these delicious mushrooms will kill and eat. Now researchers finally know how they do it.A study published in Science Advances details how oyster mushrooms use a particular poisonous substance to freeze and get rid of mushroom-eating roundworms called nematodes (线虫). The mushrooms, which grow on nutrient-poor dead wood, then ___31___ the worms for nutrition.“Nematodes happen to be the most ___32___ animals these mushrooms encounter. So I think, ___33___, this cross-kingdom interaction is very interesting,” says study senior author.The study team of geneticists, biochemists and biologists had previously found that oyster mushrooms release an unidentified poisonous substance that will somehow ___34___ the worms within minutes and cause a chemical element to flow into their cells, killing them. This ___35___ differs from those used by othermeat-eating mushrooms and could be unique to oyster mushrooms.For their new work, the researchers grew and analyzed samples of the mushroom’s tissue, finding no noticeable poison even when they broke it up. They reasoned that whatever was killing the worms must be a kind of ___36___ compound that disappears into air when disturbed. When they damaged the oyster mushroom tissue again and ___37___ analyzed the nearby air, they finally found a nerve gas that turned out to be contained with tiny, special-shaped structures on the mushroom surface. When nematodes touch the mushrooms, these structures ___38___ their gas, disturbing the worms’ cell walls to cause immobility and death. The worm is then digested by the mushrooms.Before this study, “we underestimated the ___39___ to which wild mushrooms defend against or c onsume nematodes,” notes Nick Talbot, a geneticist at Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich, England. The study demonstrates “a very ____40____ approach,” he adds. “These organisms are really difficult to work on, and Dr. Hsueh is showing that you can do some re ally amazing work with them.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the middle of 2023, a study conducted by the HuthLab at the University of Texas sent shockwaves through the fields of neuroscience (神经科学) and technology. For the first time, the thoughts and impressions of people ___41___ to communicate with the outside world were translated into continuous natural language, using a combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and brain imaging technology. This is the closest science has yet come to ___42___ someone’s mind.Losing the ability to communicate is a deep cut to one’s sen se of self. ___43___ this ability gives the patient greater control over their lives. But it could also give other entities, such as corporations, researchers and other third parties, a(n) ___44___ degree of insight into, or even control over, the lives of patients. The NeuroRights Foundation, based at Columbia University in New York, argues that new rights surrounding neurotechnologies will be ___45___ for all humans to preserve their privacy, identity, and free will. The potential ___46___ of disabled patients makes this a particularly important problem.___47___ this approach, Chile was the first country that adopted legislation, drafting new laws, to address the risks ofneurotechnology. It not only introduced a new constitutional right to mental ___48___, but is also in the process of adopting a bill that bans selling neurodata, and forces all neurotech devices to be regulated as medical devices, even those intended for the general consumer.The proposed legislation recognizes the intensely ___49___ nature of neural data and considers it as organ tissues, which cannot be bought or sold, only donated. But this legislation has also faced ____50____, with legal scholars questioning the need for new rights and pointing out that it could discourage beneficial brain research for disabled patients.While the legal action taken by Chile is the most impactful and ____51____ to date, other countries are considering updating existing laws to face the new developments in neurotechnologies. And while it is likely that the first applications of neurotech will be medical, future ____52____ are likely to involve consumer applications such as entertainment, as well as for military and security purposes. The growing ____53____ of neurotechnology in a commercial context only causes more legal concerns.Different people, societies, and cultures will disagree on where to draw the line. We are at a(n) ____54____ stage of technological development. And as we begin to uncover the great potential ofbrain science, the need to consider their implications for legal action becomes more ____55____.41. A. eager B. ready C. unwilling D. unable42. A. clearing B. occupying C. changing D. reading43. A. Reducing B. Restricting C. Restoring D. Requiring44. A. irrelevant B. uncomfortable C. negligible D. supportive45. A. needed B. limited C. controlled D. denied46. A. application B. weakness C. impact D. significance47. A. In comparison with B. In line with C. At the conclusion of D. At the cost of48. A. integrity B. condition C. disorder D. function49. A. group B. general C. physical D. personal50. A. interaction B. chance C. criticism D. defence51. A. far-reaching B. labor-saving C. short-sighted D. ill-timed52. A. advances B. arrangements C. requirements D. policies53. A. confidence B. availability C. membership D. movement54. A. mature B. initial C. different D. final55. A. diversified B. genuine C. pressing D. specialSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I used to think I was a good person. I was caring to my friends, my partner, my family; I gave to charity and I volunteered. But when I started training to become a therapist (治疗师), I began to understand that however much we might like to think of ourselves as good people, we don’t actually know ourselves very well. I learned about how we might, without consciously realizing it, deny the feelings and motivations we consider to be bad, pushing them down into our unconscious and projecting them out on to others, so they become the bad people. I learned that deep in the human mind, alongside love and kindness, run currents of anger, need, greed, envy, destructiveness, superiority—whether we want to acknowledge them or not.It was 22-year-old Boru who taught me what it really means to be a good grown up. We first spoke two years ago. He was unemployed, living with his parents, watching his friends’ lives progress. A good grown-up, he told me, is “someone who has his ducks in a row”—and that wasn’t him.I also didn’t feel like the competent, confident grown-up I thought I should be—and neither did most of the adults I knew. Iresearched statistics about people hitting the traditional landmarks of adulthood later and later, if at all—from buying a home to getting married or starting a family. I recognized what made me feel like a bad grown-up: that I’ll sit with a broken fridge rather than call an engineer to repair it.Then I saw Boru again. He told me how, over two years, he’d found a job he loves, rented a flat with a friend. He’s now cycling round the world, having adventures that will keep him strong for the rest of his life. So what changed “You start to have those conversations with yourself, and you become more of an honest person. I don’t feel like I’m hiding from anything anymore, because I’m not hiding from myself.”I think growing up must involve finding your own way to have those conversations. Boru does it on his bike, I do it in psychoanalysis, others I spoke to do it while cooking or playing music. That, for Boru, and for me, is what it means to “have his ducks in a row”.56. What does the first paragraph imply about understanding ourselvesA. Recognizing our positive traits is enough for growth.B. Our understanding of our motives and feelings is accurate.C. True self-awareness means accepting both good and bad sides.D. Ignoring our negative traits does not affect our self-perception.57. What critical lesson did the author learn from Boru about beinga good grown-upA. It involves having a clear career path and financial stability.B. It requires constant self-improvement and education.C. It means being employed and living independently.D. It is like a journey of self-discovery and honesty.58. What does the author identify as a reason for feeling like an inadequate adultA. Escaping basic responsibilities.B. Delaying reaching traditional life milestones.C. Comparing personal achievements to others.D. Investigating changing patterns of adult life.59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passageA. Why Hide HarmsB. How to Be Better AdultsC. Why Growing up MattersD. How to Have Effective Conversations(B)Guided Desert AdventureTypical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad bikingWith this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert.You’ll start your tour b y driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert.What’s includedPickup and drop-off20 minutes of sandboarding35 minutes of dune bashing25 minutes of quad biking10-minute camel rideWater and soft drinksA drive through a camel farmAdditional informationRequires a high level of physical fitness.Not suitable for children between 0 and 5.Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets andfruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.60. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this tripA. Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune.B. Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride.C. An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities.D. Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera.61. How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tourA. US$ 180.B. US$ 220.C. US$ 265.D. US$ 400.62. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tourA. The show was great! I highly recommend!B. It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it.C. The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro.D. Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue.(C)Pricing is managers’ biggest marketing headache. It’s where they feel the most pressure to perform and the least certain that they are doing a good job. All successful pricing efforts share two qualities: The policy combines well with the company’s overall marketing strategy, and the process is well-organized as a whole.A company’s pricing policy sends a message to the market—itgives customers an i mportant sense of a company’s philosophy. Consider Saturn Corporation (a wholly owned company of General Motors). Saturn wants to let consumers know that it is friendly and easy to do business with. Part of this concept is conveyed through initiatives such as inviting customers to the factory to see where the cars are made and sponsoring evenings at the dealership that combine a social event with training on car maintenance. But Saturn’s pricing policy sends a strong message as well. Can a friendly, trusting relationship be established with customers if a salesperson uses all the negotiating tricks in the book to try to separate them from that last $100 Of course not. Saturn has a “no hassle, no haggle” policy which removes the possibility of conflicts between dealer and potential customer. Customers have an easier time buying a car knowing that the next person in the door won’t negotiate a better deal.Of course, there are typically many participants in the pricing process: Accounting provides cost estimates; marketing communicates the pricing strategy; sales provides specific customer input; production sets supply boundaries; and finance establishes the requirements for the entire company’s financial health. Input from diverse sources is necessary. However, problems arise when the philosophy of wide participation is carried over tothe price-setting process without strong coordinating mechanisms (协调机制). For example, if the marketing department sets list prices, the salespeople negotiate discounts in the field, the legal department adjusts prices if necessary to prevent breaking the laws or contractual agreements, and the people filling orders negotiate price adjustments for delays in shipment, everybody’s best intentions usually end up bringing about less than the best results. In fact, the company may actually lose money on some orders. 63. Why is it essential for a company’s pricing policy to combine with its overall marketing strategyA. To maximize possible returns and profits.B. To maintain consistency in business operations.C. To eliminate the need for diverse sales inputs.D. To attract customers to social events and trainings.64. What does Saturn’s “no hassle, no haggle” policy (paragraph 2) most probably meanA. Saturn trains its dealers to treat customers sincerely.B. Saturn offers discounts to some loyal customers.C. Saturn cars are at least $100 cheaper than other cars.D. Saturn cars are sold at fixed, non-negotiable prices.65 What can be inferred from the wide participation in the pricing processA. Decision making requires gathering comprehensive information.B. The coordinating mechanism won’t work without a lot of input.C. Potential customers are easily upset at any stage of the process.D. The company loses money unless everyone intends for the best.66. Which of the following is the best title for this passageA. The art of coordinating pricing processesB. The best sales negotiation techniquesC Getting one step closer toward better pricingD. Maximizing profits through pricing policiesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Your Life Is Better Than You ThinkThe undeniable popularity of self-help books, wellness podcasts, and happiness workshops reflects the constant human desire to make life better. ______67______While we may have a loving family a good place to live, and a decent job, we often fail to notice those things. It’s not because we are ungrateful or stupid, but it’s because of a basic feature of our brain, known as habituation.Habituation is the tendency of neurons to fire less and less inresponse to things that are constant. You enter a room filled with roses and after a short while, you cannot detect their scent any longer; and just as you get used to the smell of fresh flowers, you also get used to a loving relationship, to a promotion, to a nice home, to a wonderful work of art. Like the front page of a daily newspaper, your brain cares about what recently changed, not about what remained the same. ______68______ You habituate to it—you fail to notice and respond to elements of your life which you previously found amazing.______69______ That is, you can suddenly start perceiving and responding to things to which you have become desensitized. The key is taking small breaks from your daily life. For example, when people return home from a long business trip, they often find their old life has “reshined.” Ordinary thi ngs suddenly seem amazing. If something is constant, we often assume (perhaps unconsciously) that it is there to stay, and as a result, we focus our attention and effort on the next thing on our list. ______70______ If it is good at its core, it may just reshine. This is why time away, however short, will enable you to perceive your life with fresh eyes—and to break up reality.A. And so, what once took your breath away becomes part of life’s furniture.B. But could it be that many of our lives are already better than we recognizeC. Habituation to the good drives you to move forward and progress.D. But if we can make the constant less so, our attention will naturally turn back to it.E. Rather than focus on how to see our life better, we need to learn to better our life.F. The good news is that you can dishabituate.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Ear-worms Get Stuck in Your HeadWe all get a sensation when a song, for no apparent reason, refuses to leave your head —in fact we’re no strangers to the dreaded “ear-worm.” But a new study published in Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts reveals a fascinating insight into ear-worms, and why some songs are better than others in sticking in our heads by investigating the actual elements of the song that make it catchy in the first place.To do this, most frequent ear-worms of the participants wereentered into a database and compared to songs that had never been reported as an ear-worm at all. The melodic features of the tunes were then analyzed, revealing that ear-worm tunes were typically those songs that have overall melodic shapes common in Western pop music. A classic example of a common contour (音调的升降曲线) pattern is heard in Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, where the first phrase rises in pitch and the second falls. This makes the tune easy to remember and has been exploited in many other nursery rhymes, but also in pop music.In addition to the melodic shape, the other ingredient to the ear-worm formula is the unusual interval structure. The aim of this is to surpass the listener’s expectations of an average pop song, showing unexpected leaps or more repeated notes than usual. “Our findings show that you can, to some extent, predict which songs are going to get stuck in people’s heads based on the song’s melodic content,” says one of the researchers, “This could help song-writers or advertisers write a jingle (短歌) everyone will remember for days or months afterwards.”The authors conclude that studies of ear-worms can help explain how the brain works, and improve our understanding in how perception, emotions, memory and spontaneous thoughts behave in different people._______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 火山喷发是多么令人惊叹自然现象呀！(What) （汉译英）_______________________________________________________________________ _________________73. 除非提供更新鲜的内容给观众，否则视频流量就会下降。
上海英语真卷含答案
上海英语真卷含答案普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit. Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27)______ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) ______ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) ______ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) ______ her. You helpedthose people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _________ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was abeautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) ______ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a plete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _______ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) ________ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35)______ _______ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36)_______ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop(37)_______ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _______ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) ______ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has bee more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _______ is a real illness people can suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because hefeels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time. Who would have thought thatlittle devices like these could have brought so much trouble! Sick and Tired Sadie1 / 8Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by usingthe words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have e up withto the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup a nd created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies(等级制度)have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibilityhas also been changes in workstation design. Officeand work spaces often are not to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movementof desks, storage and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is munication, which designers have improved by lowing the walls that workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of peting and often demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies and technological innovation (especiallyin relation to puterization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or promote apany’s image and will enable employees to at their best.All these of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage —the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other. III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more to people’s lives. Theis all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 2 / 8They ask, what is love Toothpaste panies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the of attraction, researcherspaired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their judgments often held true. Students seemed to at an early stage who would bestfit into their lives.The KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromonesconsciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people. Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for Theparticipants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intensions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insultingSection B3 / 8Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of theearliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s.I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowmancalled the Bgg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Bgg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen bee a phenomenon in the Middle AgesA. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (Paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Bggsymbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the ing of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passageA. They were appreciated in history.B. They have lost their value.C. They were related to movies.D. They vary in shape and size.4 / 870. In the film review, what is Paragraph A mainly aboutA. The introduction to the leading roles.B. Thew riter’s opinion of acting.C. The writer’s ments on the story.D. The background information.71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer remends the filmA. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)5 / 8One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honourable man,” he said. “He was a traitor (叛徒). And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of mand.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training pany called“Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have bined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation (狡诈的挑唆) of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was the basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do e to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimises his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasise the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and bees a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related.Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors a fter the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business when and how do you resist the boss73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of BrutusA. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honourable.D. Rude.74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analysing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry VA. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.6 / 876. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: A lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answerthe questions or plete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to acplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learnimportant life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motorskills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult-sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberatepractice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Cté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sportrules and are set up by the children or by an involvedadult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules tosuit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the oute of their behaviour (whether they win or lose) than with the behaviour (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different binations of behaviours, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behaviour focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skill in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicingdrills that might be7 / 8considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or plete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to ____________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberatepractice is aimed at ____________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
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上海英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第1卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第1卷（共105分）I . Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss.D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager.D. She declines the man's offer.6．A.2 B.3． C.4．D．57. A. Both of them drink too much coffee.B. The woman doesn't like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story8. A. He doesn't mind helping the woman.B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD. He can't help move the cupboard.9. A. He's planning to find a new job.B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He's too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,10. A. She doesn't agree with the man.B. She is good at finding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel experience in Britain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Use the company's equipment. B. Give orders to robotsC. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees' children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. HonestyQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada.C. They wanted to continue the Revolution.D. They were against Britain.15. A. They standardized Canadian English.B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture.D. It dates back to the late 17th century.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28. The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. mustn't29. Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30. — I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.— I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC. thatD. whom36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37. — Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm?— No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenB. whatC. howD. that38. —We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?— No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, _ _ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight 42 ."There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation(征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably becausemilk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50. A. study B. way C. word D. college51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ~70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座）and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through junglesand over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he________.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about 1,300 hours66. What does the word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably meanA. Very slow but exciting.B. V ery long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67. During his journey around the world, Phil White _______.A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney'sharbour, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises(游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decideto go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 0r 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (有效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.SydneyPass Fares*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69. A SydneyPass doesn’t offer unlimited rides on ______.A. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can________.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could becalled "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females ('befriend").Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete(分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _____ .A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74. What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problemsD. How researchers handle stress-related disordersSection CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76. Learning to read early has become one of those indicators — in parents' minds at least – that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.78.Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the ―whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start "ear training" their child by playing thyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words asthey go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from82. Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷（共45分）I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．她五年前开始拉小提琴。