2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析
2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析TEXTA1. “Ta”, originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also commonly used in informal situations, along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”. 【分析】本句为并列宾语句，句子主干结构为“Ta”was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also used in informal situations。
originated from the Danish word “tak”作后置定语修饰“Ta”；along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”作伴随状语。
【译文】从丹麦语“tak”演变而来的俚语“ta（谢谢）”，是受欢迎程度位居第二的答谢用语，它和其他诸如“nice one（你真好）”和“brilliant（太棒了）”等表达一样经常在非正式场合中使用。
2. For example, words like “awesome”, “brilliant”and “you star”featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks. 【分析】本句为and 引导的并列复合句。
两个分句的主干分别为：words featured highly in the new poll 和they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks。
其中第一个分句中的like “awesome”, “brilliant”and “you star”作后置定语修饰words。
第二个分句中的并列结构both... as well as...表示“既......又......”。
【译文】例如，像是“awesome（真了不起）”、“brilliant（太棒了）”和“you star（你真棒）”等词组在新的调查中表现突出，它们既可以表示你对某人的行为感到高兴，同时还可以表达你的谢意。
TEXT B 1. The worst may be behind them now, but the shocking losses of the past few years have reshaped nearly every facet of their lives—how they live, work, and spend—even the way they think about the future. 【分析】本句是由but 连接的并列复合句。
句子主干结构为The worst may be behind them, but the losses have reshaped every facet of their lives。
其中of the past few years 作后置定语修饰the shocking losses；how they live, work, and spend—even the way they think about the future 作every facet of their lives 的同位语，解释说明every facet 的具体内容。
【译文】现在或许还不到他们糟糕的时候，但是过去几年里那令人震惊的损失已经彻底改变了他们生活的方方面面——他们的生活、工作和消费——甚至他们思考未来的方式。
2. For Cindy, the recession began when her husband was relocated to Rhinelander, Wisconsin, by his company, forcing the family to move in a hurry. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为the recession began；when 引导时间状语从句，从句主干为her husband was relocated to Rhinelander, Wisconsin, by his company；其中forcing the family to move in a hurry 作was relocated 的伴随状语。
【译文】对于辛迪而言，经济萧条的影响开始于她丈夫被公司调动到位于威斯康星州的莱茵兰德的时候，这迫使他们一家人匆忙搬迁。
3. But to stretch her budget, she began putting in vegetables and fruit—everything from strawberry beds to apple trees —and as her first seedlings grew, her spirits lifted. 【分析】本句为and 连接的并列复合句。
句子主干为she began putting in vegetables and fruit and her spirits lifted。
第一个分句中But to stretch her budget 作目的状语，everything fromstrawberry beds to apple trees 作fruit 的同位语，起补充说明的作用；第二个分句中as her first seedlings grew 为伴随状语从句。
【译文】但是，为了节约预算，她开始种植蔬菜和水果——从栽草莓到种苹果树，什么都有——随着第一批播种植物的生长，她的精神劲头也足了。
TEXT C 1. For those fresh out of university, desperate for work but unable to get it, there is a big imbalance between supply and demand. 【分析】本句为简单句，存在状语前置现象。
句子主干结构为there is a big imbalance between supply and demand for those...。
fresh out of university, desperate for work but unable to get it 作后置定语修饰those。
For 以及后面的宾语所构成的介宾结构在句中作状语。
【译文】对于那些刚走出大学、迫切渴望工作却又得不到的毕业生而言，供求之间存在着强烈的不平衡。
2. Of course, it is easy to blame the Government and, in particular, the target that Labour has long trumpeted—50 per cent of school-leavers in higher education. 【分析】本句为复合句。
主句结构为it is easy to blame the Government and the target。
Labour has long trumpeted 为that 引导的定语从句；50 per cent of school-leavers in higher education 是target 的同位语。
【译文】当然，责备政府，尤其是工党早就鼓吹的目标——高等教育毕业生达到50%的就业率——是很容易的。
TEXT D 1. It was on Nov 4, 1923, that British archaeologist Howard Carter stumbled on a stone at the base of the tomb of another pharaoh in Luxor that eventually led to a sealed doorw ay. 【分析】本句为It is...that...强调句。
句子主干结构为Howard Carter stumbled on a stone。
It was on Nov 4, 1923 是时间状语前置表强调；British archaeologist 作定语修饰Howard Carter；at the base of another pharaoh in Luxor作地点状语修饰a stone；that eventually led to a sealed doorway 作后置定语修饰 a stone。
【译文】那是1923 年11 月 4 日，英国考古学家霍华德·卡特在路克索市另一法老的墓基处偶然发现了一块石头，后这块石头把他引向了一条封闭的通道。
2. Months after my trip to Egypt, I can relive the rush of emotion I felt and sense the hush that descended on the crammed Cairo museum’s Tutankhamen gallery. 【分析】本句为简单句，句子主干为I can relive the rush of emotion...and sense the hush...。
Months after my trip to Egypt 作时间状语；that descended on the crammed Cairo museum’s Tutankhamen gallery 作后置定语修饰the hush。
【译文】在埃及之旅数月后，我还能重温到当时奔涌的情绪，并感受到降临到拥挤的开罗博物馆图坦卡门长廊的静寂。
2012.12.17四级真题阅读部分解析
2012.12.17四级真题阅读部分解析点评：此次四级考试阅读部分继承了2010年12月份和2011年6月份的难度，就是两个字“正常”。
快速阅读非常简单，前面7道选择题题目简单明了，题干与选项都很短，定位明确，选项分明，干扰项迷惑性小，基本道道题送分。
三道填空题难度基本正常，除最后一道题难度加大外，第八题与第九题都很正常，第十题的水门事件我相信有的同学会填错成其他的名词或者落掉scandal 这个词，这个空难，可以错。
相信大部分同学的正确率应该在8个以上。
其中第八题我看网上个别老师有把答案错误的给成了stealing a grade,这是原词，这里得变型，属于低级错误。
选词填空难度比前几次大幅降低，基本回归到了06年的水平，用我课上讲的划词法去做应该问题不大，其中难点是significant和marvel ous 的区分，consist和comprise的区分。
别的没什么。
传统阅读此次难度比前两次考试难度略微增大一点，主要体现在第二篇文章的第一段以及其所对应的第一道题目上。
第一篇文章有一道题目的答案和网上不同，具体看下面分析。
快速阅读：A.C.A.B.A.C.ZSteal a gradeHonesty and good faithWatergate Scandal选词填空：H.A.N.O.DM.CG.K.B传统阅读：C.A.C.A.DC.D.A.D.C说明：1.题干中的蓝色字为此道题目定位的信号词2.文章中的蓝色字为题干中信号词对应的定位点3.文章中下划线句子为题目答案所在句。
4.选项中红色字为该选项的错误所在。
5.具体6大类常见干扰项在题目中简称体现如下：无中生有——无推断过度——推taught al ongside girls.Tony littl e,headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being fail ed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their femal es peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in singl e-sex schools teachers can tail or l essons to boy’s l earning styl e, l etting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of VirginiaTeachers coul d encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeals to them. Because boys generallyhave more acute vision, l earn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hand-on” l essons where they are all owed to walk around. “Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine(女性的)and prefer the modern genre(类型) in which viol ence and sexism are major themes” James wrote.Singl e-sex education also made it l ess likely that boys woul d feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men shoul d be “masterful and in charge” in relationships, “In mixed schools boys feel compell ed to act like men before they und erstand themselves well enough to know what that means.” The study reported.57 The author believes that a singl e-sex school woul d__________A force boys to hid e their emotions to be “real man” 自B help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys 无C encourage boys to express their emotions more freelyD naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man 无，自答案：C。
2012年专四阅读难句
Text A1.（para.3）Pollsters found almost half of those asked preferred the more informal“cheers”，while others liked to use such expressions as“ta”,“great" and“nice one”．2.（para. 5）For instance，when going for a drink with friends，a smile and a“cheers”by way of thanks is not only appropriate to the situation，it is also culturally accurate．3.（the last para.）The chances are，if you said “thank you”，you made someone’s day．Text B1.（para.2）For Cindy, the recession began when her husband was relocated to Rhinelander, Wisconsin．by his company forcing the family to move in a hurry．2.（para.2）With two mortgages(抵押借款) and two young children to care for, Cindy couldn't imagine how to stretch her husband's paycheck to keep her family fed．3.（para.3）Then she stumbled upon an online community called Blotanical，a forum for gardeners，many with an interest in sustainability．Text C1.（para.2）It was proof that they were living in a dynamic，economically successful country．2.（the last para.）If David Cameron's Conservatives had a brilliant idea for guaranteeing every graduate a well-paid job，they would have unveiled it by now．3.（the last para.）It is a social problem，though a more deep-seated social problem than people perhaps realize．Text D1.（para.2）It was on Nov 4，1923，that British archaeologist Howard Carter stumbled on a stone at the base of the tomb of another pharaoh(法老)in Luxor that eventually led to a sealed doorway．2.（para.2）Inside lay the great stone coffin，enclosing three chests of gilded wood．3.（the last but 1 para.）But it is a city that is full of life—from the small roadside restaurants to the coffee shops where men and women smoke the shisha(水烟壶)．。
2012年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析
2013年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he wouldprobably representcivil servants. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.36. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _________.[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership[D] the government has improved its relationship with unionists单词&词组搭配•represent [ˌreprɪˈzent]（出现6次）v.代表，象征，维护...的利益•prime [praɪm]（出现3次）adj.首先的，基本的；n.盛年，鼎盛时期•civil servant（公务员）•one in ten （十分之一）•belong to（属于）•public sector（公共部门）•private sector（私有部门）本段翻译如果工会主义者吉米还活着的话，他很可能代表着公务员。
2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析
2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析TEXTA1. “Ta”, originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also commonly used in informal situations, along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”. 【分析】本句为并列宾语句，句子主干结构为“Ta”was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also used in informal situations。
originated from the Danish word “tak”作后置定语修饰“Ta”；along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”作伴随状语。
【译文】从丹麦语“tak”演变而来的俚语“ta（谢谢）”，是受欢迎程度位居第二的答谢用语，它和其他诸如“nice one（你真好）”和“brilliant（太棒了）”等表达一样经常在非正式场合中使用。
2. For example, words like “awesome”, “brilliant”and “you star”featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks. 【分析】本句为and 引导的并列复合句。
两个分句的主干分别为：words featured highly in the new poll 和they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks。
2012年英语专四真题及问题详解
PART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people.Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years. This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another. Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line. On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed.(37)____，earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____.Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth. They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be so violent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning. There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world. This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous. In 1985 the Colombian volcanoNevado del Ruiz erupted. The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below. Twenty thousand people died. Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable. We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen. In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen.This could(50)____ many lives.31.A.massive B.significant C.great D.grand32.A.changed B.converted C.destroyed D.transformed33.A.frequently B.continuously C.regularly D.periodically34.A.source B.reason C.movement D.cause35.A.collides with B.confronts with C.meets with D.faces with36.A.how B.why C.when D.what37.A.Generally B.However C.Similarly D.Anyway38.A.that B.it C.this D.which39.A.unpredictable B.unaccountable C.inevitable D.irresistible40.A.surface B.appearance C.crust D.cover41.A.flowed out B.burst out C.1eaked out D.trickled out42.A.or B.and C.nor D.but43.A.like B.for C.as D.that44.A.living B.active C.alive D.live45.A.relatively B.hardly C.still D.gradually46.A.down B.on C.across D.beyond47.A.are to B.should C.must D.might48.A.else B.even C.though D.whether49.A.accidents B.incidents C.occasions D.events50.A.rescue B.save C.preserve D.shelter2012年英语专四完形填空答案31) massive32) destroyed33) continuously34) cause35) collides with36) when37) However38) which39) unpredictable40) crust41) burst out42) or43) that44) active45) still46) down47) might48) even49) events50) savePART IV GRAMMAR &VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D.Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.B.No one except his supporters agree with him.C.Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.D.Few students in my class are really lazy.52.Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A.many aB.fewC.suchD.the next53.Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress.B.The manager herself will interview Mary.C.I have nothing to say for myself.D.They quarreled themselves red in the face.54.My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch.A.be sentB.were sentC.were to be sentD.must be sent55.Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A.By now she will be eating dinner.B.I shall never do that again.C.My brother will help you with the luggage.D.You shall get a promotion.56.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.How strange feelings they are!B.How dare you speak to me like that!C.What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57.which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A.We never doubt that her brother is honest.B.The problem is not who will go but who will stay.C.You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。
110例专四真题阅读长难句分析
2015年专四阅读真题长难句分析TEXT A1. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at.【分析】本句为主从复合句。
主句主干为Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses…。
而that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at是定语从句，修饰先行词eyeglasses。
而这个定语从句中又包含一个宾语从句whoever you’re looking at。
【译文】据传闻，谷歌正在研制的眼镜甚至有朝一日可能会记住你所看过的所有人的面孔并提供细节。
2. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find information again later on, we don’t remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable.【分析】本句为主从复合句。
主句主干为A second revelation is…, 后面是一个表语从句。
而该表语从句中又包含一个时间状语从句when we expect to be able to find information again later on，逗号后为该句的主句，而在其中又包含另一个时间状语从句when we think it might become unavailable，而该从句中又有宾语从句it might become unavailable。
2012考研备考历年考研英语真题长难句解析
2012考研备考历年考研英语真题长难句解析将历年考试中的经典长难句进行了汇总、分析，希望广大考生能从这些总结、归纳中吸引考试中的精华内容，提高复习效率。
句子一：Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.句子分析：第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, / extremists of this kind think / that animals lie outside the area ofmoral choice.第二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是extremists of this kind think that…其中that引导宾语从句，Arguing from.。
.是现在分词短语作状语。
2) the view和后面的从句that.。
.是同位语关系第三、词的处理：Arguing from the view 从……观点看，持……观点different from... 与……不同in every relevant respect 在各相关方面extremists 极端主义者，持极端观点的人lie outside the area of moral choice 不在道德问题范围，与道德取舍无关参考译文：这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
句子二：But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.句子分析：第一、句子可以拆分为三段：But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks into the past, / for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures / that existed 15 billion years ago.第二、句子主干结构是：主句+ for +原因状语从句。
2012考研英语真题_十年阅读长难句
2012考研英语真题_十年阅读长难句2000年考研英语真题——阅读长难句Part A Text 1When the United States entered just such a glowingperiod after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，主干是it had a market eight times larger than any competitor。
When引导的是时间状语从句，分词结构giving its industriesunparalleled economies of scale是伴随状语。
【译文】美国在二战结束后恰好进入了一个生机勃勃的时代，当时它拥有的市场是其任何一个竞争对手的八倍，使其工业具有空前的经济规模。
For a while it looked as though the making ofsemi-conductors, which America had invented andwhich sat at the heart of the new computer age, wasgoing to be the next casualty.【分析】本句主干是it looked。
as though引导的从句作系动词look的表语。
在表语从句中，the making of semi-conductors是主语，was going to be the next casualty是谓语。
两个逗号之间是插入语，两个which 分别引导的两个非限定性定语从句修饰semi-conductors。
2012大学德语专四 真题解析
2012年全国高校德语专业四级考试总结及试题分析2012年全国德语专业四级考试于6月8日顺利进行。
全国有97所院校共计4691名学生参加考试。
其中，A类学校50所，B类学校20所，C类学校17所，D类学校10所。
（A类为公办本一院校，B类为公办本二院校，C类为民办本二、本三院校，D类大专院校）考试试题分析1. 听写（满分10分）2012年应届考生中：A类应届生平均成绩为5.76分，B类应届生平均成绩为4.03分，C类应届生平均成绩为2.62分, D类应届生平均成绩为1.91分。
今年听写为新考纲的听写试题，全部均分达到3.58分。
虽然相对于以往听写成绩总体有一定的提高，但听写仍然是一个弱项，需要加强。
在命题方面，按照新修订的考试大纲要求选题。
所选短文为两段：第一段（A部分）为完型填词，即听写8个单词；第二段（B部分）为语句听写。
Ａ部分用正常语速念三遍。
Ｂ部分第一遍用正常语速朗读；第二遍朗读时语速略慢，长句分段读，并读出标点符号；最后一遍用正常语速朗读。
基础扎实的学生能够听懂并完成听写。
但如果考生对全文总体把握不够，不能完全听懂，或虽然听懂句子，但在具体细节方面失误较多，从而造成失分的情况。
在阅卷评分方面，完型填词听写8个单词，每空0.5分。
该部分要求考生完全正确写出所缺的单词，有任何错误均不能得分。
语句听写6分，每个错误点计0.25分。
正字法错误及标点符号错误每2个错误点扣0.25分。
累计超过24个以上错误点，该部分不得分。
听写采用“计算错误点”和“累计扣分”相结合的评分方法。
听写原文：A) Füllen Sie die Lücken!Im Restaurant bestellt sie einen Salat, er 1) bevorzugt ein Steak mit 2) Bratkartoffeln. Sie trifft sich mit ihrer Freundin im indischen Restaurant, er 3) mag es deftig. In kaum einem Bereich des alltäglichen Lebens gehen das 4) Verhalten und die 5) Gewohnheiten von Mann und Frau so weit auseinan- der wie beim Essen. Das hat zwar auch mit 6) biologischen Unterschieden zu tun, mehr doch mit 7) Traditionen und 8) Vorurteilen.B) Schreiben Sie den Text Satz für Satz.Männer bevorzugen Schnitzel, Steaks und fette Wurst, Frauen essen am liebsten Salat und Gemüse. Das ist kein Vorurteil: Untersuchungen der Gesellschaft für Ernährung bestätigen in regelmäßigen Abständen die große V orliebe des starken Geschlechts für Fleisch. Vergleicht man den jährlichen Pro-Kopf-Verbrauch vonbestimmten Lebensmittelgruppen, so zeigt sich: Deutsche Männer konsumieren im Durchschnitt weniger Obst und weniger Gemüse, dafür jedoch mehr Fleisch und Milchprodukte, Frauen reagieren eher als Männer auf neue Erkenntnisse über nützliche und schädliche Lebensmittel und ernähren sich gesünder.今年听写试题有新的变化，考生总体成绩有所提高。
2012考研英语长难句翻译详解带翻译
2012考研英语真题长难句翻译详解对于每一个英语句子的翻译, 并不只是使用一种翻译方法, 而是多种翻译方法的综合运用, 这在英语长句的翻译中表现得尤为突出。
长句在科技性的文体中的出现极为频繁, 因此也就成为研究生入学考试的重点, 通过对近年来试题的分析我们可以看出, 所考查的绝大多数划线的部分都是长句。
在翻译长句时, 首先，不要因为句子太长而产生畏惧心理，因为，无论是多么复杂的句子，它都是由一些基本的成分组成的。
其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构, 找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思, 然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系, 再按照汉语的特点和表达方式, 正确地译出原文的意思, 不必拘泥于原文的形式。
英语长句的分析◎一般来说, 造成长句的原因有三方面: (1) 修饰语过多;(2) 并列成分多; (3) 语言结构层次多。
在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法:找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语, 从整体上把握句子的结构。
找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。
分析从句和短语的功能, 例如, 是否为主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句等,若是状语, 它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。
分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 例如, 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。
注意插入语等其他成分。
1注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。
下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析:例1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.分析: (1) 该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。