专八模考翻译部分讲评
TEM8英语专业8级+翻译辅导讲座
英语专业八级考试翻译辅导讲座材料一、八级考试大纲对翻译测试的要求和规定1、测试目的：考察学生英汉两种语言的互译能力2、题型：本题为主观试题。
分两部分：第一部分汉译英，由300字左右的汉语短文组成，其中有150字左右的文字或段落用横线标出或用黑体字打印，要求考生将此部分译成英语。
第二部分英译汉。
由300个单词左右的英语短文组成，其中150个左右单词文字或段落用横线标出或用黑体字打印，要求考生将此部分译成汉语。
3、测试要求：汉译英要求考生运用汉译英理论与技巧，以每小时译约250－300汉字的速度将要求译出的部分译完，约150字左右。
译文要求忠实原文，语言表达通顺流畅。
英译汉要求考生运用英译汉理论与技巧，以每小时译约250英语单词的速度将要求译出的部分译完，约150单词左右。
译文要求忠实原文，语言表达通顺流畅。
4、考试时间：60分钟，两部分的写作时间可互相调剂使用。
二、考试项目、时间、题数及分数三、翻译原文的主要文体及话题主要问题为散文、议论文和政论文。
汉语散文的特点是形散神不散。
所以在翻译成英文时，要适当增加英语连词、副词等以使语句连贯，意义完整。
议论文既有描述，又有议论，夹叙夹议。
注意时态变化和习惯用法。
政论文往往语句较长，且不时地用被动语态。
所以在翻译时，语句结构要作调整，语态要作变化。
话题涉及社会热点，人生感悟，教育批评，读书学习等。
四、翻译中的关键问题一）理解问题：1. 词汇量问题：生词；熟词的多义性；粗心大意弄错词a. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orangeblossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short.* 我（妒忌）每场婚礼，因为它意味着要供应桔子花，这么多金色的水果的希望就砍断了。
b. It was tempting to say that Sept 11 changed all that, just as it istempting to say that every hero needs a villain, and goodness needsevil as its grinding stone. But try to look a widow in the eye andtalking about all the good that has come of this.* 令人引诱的说出9.11事件改变了这一切，正如（）英雄需要恶棍来陪衬，善良需要邪恶来作为磨刀石。
法语专八真题翻译答案解析
法语专八真题翻译答案解析法语专八考试是法语学习者尤其是专业学习法语的学生们努力追求的一个目标。
翻译部分是专八考试的一个重要组成部分，也是考生们相对比较薄弱的一个环节。
本文将针对专八真题中的翻译部分进行答案解析，帮助考生们更好地了解并应对考试。
首先，我们来看一道实例题目：原文：Les élections présidentielles en France sedéroulent tous les cinq ans. Le président de la République française est élu au suffrage universel direct.参考答案：法国总统选举每五年举行一次。
法国总统由直接普选产生。
解析：这道题目主要考察对词组和句子的理解和翻译能力。
首先，"les élections présidentielles"可以直接翻译为"总统选举"；"se déroulent tous les cinq ans"可以翻译为"每五年举行一次"；"le président de la République française"可以翻译为"法国总统"；"est élu au suffrage universel direct"可以翻译为"由直接普选产生"。
接下来，我们来看一道较难的题目：原文：La France est le premier pays à libérer Auschwitz. Son président, François Hollande, l'a déclaré en ces termes : "La France assume pleinement saresponsabilité."参考答案：法国是第一个解放奥斯维辛集中营的国家。
英语专八考试翻译评分标准
英译汉评分标准：按照“忠实60% + 通顺40%”的标准整体打分优秀（100-90）良好（89-90）中等（79-70）及格（69-60）不及格（59分以下）忠实60% 原文的信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致除个别次要信息有疏漏之外，原文的重要信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致有少量理解错误或个别漏译，但主要精神与原文一致有个别重大错误或遗漏，部分信息含混，但总体上基本达意误译、漏译较多，不能传达原文主要精神通顺40% 断句恰当，句式正确。
选词妥帖。
段落之间、句子之间互应自然，有一定文采选词较正确、得体。
句子组织与安排符合汉语规范拘泥于英文的句式，行文不够顺达，但没有重大的选词和句式错误语句不够连贯，行文灰色，有个别重大的选词和句式错误用词不当，行文不通顺，语言不符合汉语规范汉译英评分标准：按照“忠实60% + 通顺40%”的标准整体打分优秀（100-90）良好（89-90）中等（79-70）及格（69-60）不及格（59分以下）忠实60% 原文的信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致除个别次要信息有疏漏之外，原文的重要信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致有少量理解错误或个别漏译，但主要精神与原文一致有个别重大错误或遗漏，部分信息含混，但总体上基本达意误译、漏译较多，不能传达原文主要精神通顺40% 句式处理恰当，选词妥帖，英语比较地道语言基本合乎英语规范。
行文比较流畅有个别句子结构错误和词不达意现象。
行文不够流畅有逐字硬译，不符合英语表达习惯的现象。
句子不连贯，比较费解有大量的语法和用词错误。
1/3以上的句子生搬硬套，不知所云英语专业八级考试翻译评分标准(Grade Score Description)5 10-9 EXCELLENT TRANSLATIONThe translation faithfully reflects all the original passage with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary, syntax, punctuation or spelling. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns).4 8-7 GOOD TRANSLATION WITH FEW INACCURACIESThe translation reflects almost all the original passage with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).3 6-5 PASSABLE TRANSLATION WITH SOME INACCURACIESThe translation adequately reflects most of the original passage with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable.2 4-3 INADEQUATE TRANSLATION WITH FREQUENT INACCURACIESThe translation only reflects about half of the original passage with frequent errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, in some parts, unreadable.1 2-1 POOR TRANSLATIONThe translation reflects less than half of the original passage. Almost all sentences contain errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is , for the most part, unreadable.。
2023年专八翻译答案点评
滚石不生苔A rolling stone gathers no moss趁热打铁Strike while the iron is hot碳酸钙calcium carbonate ；沉淀物deposit磷光闪闪the phosphorescent glimmer九寨沟英文导游词发布时间:2023-09-12Good morning ladies and gentlemen.A Chinese saying has made it very well, Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination. It is my pleasure to be your tour guide today, I am Helen . It is said that if there should be wonderlands on the earth, Jiuzhai Valley must be one of them.A Chinese slang says: Never want any other mountain after coming back from Wuyue. Never want any other water after coming back from JiuzhaiJiuzhai Valley is a great masterpiece of nature having dreamlike scenery. It combines blue lakes, waterfalls, verdant forests, snow-covered mountains, and the folk customs of the Tibetan and Qiang peoples.So today we will introduce it in these four aspects: Brief introduction, scenery, folk custom and special products. And we will stress the scenery.First is introduction, Jiuzhai Valley or Jiuzhaigou National Park is located in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture(阿坝藏族羌族自治区) of Sichuan Province. a province in south western China. It is known for its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes, and was declared a World Heritage Site in 1992. Its name is due to the existence of nine stockaded villages of Tibetan origin,Next is the scnery.the formation of the three main channels is “Y”shaped.so we will tour the three channels: rize valley, shuzheng valley, zezhawa valley and at last we will enjoy its four seasons’sceneries.Now, please go to rize valley first. The 18 km long Rize Valley (日则沟) is the south-western branch of Jiuzhai valley. It runs from Nuorilang in the centre of the park to the Primeval Forest at the top of the right branch of the “Y”.It contains the largest variety of sites and is typically visited first. Going downhill from its highest point, one passes the following sites: The Primeval Forest (原始森林),Swan Lake (天鹅海) ,Grass Lake (草海) ,Arrow Bamboo Lake (箭竹海),Panda Lake (熊猫海),Five Flower Lake (五花海) ,Pearl Shoal (珍珠滩),Mirror Lake (镜海) Let’s enjoy them together.Wuhua Sea is the essence of Jiuzhai valley. The top of the sea is the best place to take photos Next is shuzheng valley. The Shuzheng Valley (树正沟) is the northern (main) branch of Jiuzhai valley. It ends after 14.5 km at the Y-shaped intersection of the three gullies. Going downhill from the intersection to the mouth of the valley, visitors encounter the following: Nuorilang Falls (诺日朗瀑布)Nuorilang Lakes (诺日朗群海),Sleeping Dragon Lake (卧龙海),Reed Lake (芦苇海) Now let’s tour these beautiful sceneriesThe last is zezhawa valley.The Zechawa Gully (则查洼沟) is the south-eastern branch of Jiuzhai valley. It is approximately the same length as Rize gully (18 km) but climbs to a higher altitude (3150 m at the Long Lake). Going downhill from its highest point, it features the following sites: Long Lake (长海),Five-Color Pond (五彩池),The Seasonal Lakes (季节海) Long Lake is the largest lake in Jiuzhai valley Scenic AreaThe five-color pond is well-known for its multiple colors. It is like a fallen palette with colors Now we will move onto its four seasons’sceneries.Sceneries in four seasons are different. All the four seasons in Jiuzhai valley has it own features, any season is good. Most visitors choose spring or autumn, while the best time for traveling is October. But some people still prefer to come in winter; anyway, it is personal preference.Spring: Snow and ice melt, Flowers are in full bloom, Surface of the lake is just like a mirror Summer: Gentle wind, Cool, Best scenery: the waterfallAutumn: Brightest season, Colorful maple, Blue and clear sky, most beautiful Winter: Quiet, Rich in poetic and artistic flavor, Ice world There is a poem express jiuzhai valley like this: At last let’s see their folk customer and special products together.After our introduction, we hope you can like it .welcome go to jiuzhai valley for travel at your free time. That’s all! Thank you!2023 专业八级汉译英真题茶花（Camellia）的自然花期在12月至翌年4月，以红色系为主，另有黄色系和白色系等，花色艳丽。
专八翻译试题讲评教材
有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望， 一种梦想。 我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心 世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开 发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面， 恐怕还在于人有内心世界，心不过是人的一个重要脏 器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地 作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至 亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可 终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内 心世界的明暗。
garden and that is our inner world. People’s intelligence needs to be developed, so does the inner world. The difference between people and animals, in addition to the many well-known, is also in the inner world. The heart is an important organ; however, the inner world is a landscape. It gradually took shape under the constant influence of the outside world on the heart. Everyone is so concerned about the health of the hearts of their loved ones as well as his that a slight disease would cause great anxiety. But not everyone is concerned about the inner world of themselves and their loved ones.
专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.1．Chinese Americans retain many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations. For Example, their family ties continue to be remarkably strong (encompassing grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, and others). Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary. From a very young age children are imbued with the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family. This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency among them. The high regard for education which is deeply imbedded in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers, and other professionals. (Many of the most outstanding Chinese American scholars, scientists, and artists are more recent arrivals, who come from China’s former upper class and who represent its high cultural traditions.)正确答案：比方说，他们的家庭关系还是异常紧密(包括祖父母、叔伯、姑姨、堂兄妹，还有其他人)。
全国翻译专业八级考试解析———以英译汉篇章翻译为例
2020.5黑龙江教育·理论与实践作者简介：梁博男（1984—），男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，硕士，讲师，研究方向：认知语言学、翻译理论与翻译教学。
基金项目：2019年度省哲学社会科学研究规划项目（19YYE308）；2019年度黑龙江省高校基本科研业务费黑龙江大学专项资金人文社科创新项目（RWSKCX201926）；2019年度全国翻译专业学位研究生教育指导委员会教育研究项目（MTIJZW201905）；2019年省社科联外语专项项目（WY2019061-C ）；2018年黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目（SJGY20180394）；2017年度省教育科学规划备案课题（青年专项）（GBD1317077）；2017年黑龙江大学新世纪教育教学改革工程项目（2017C45）2020年第5期（总第1317期）No.5，2020Serial No.1317黑龙江教育（理论与实践）HEILONGJIANG EDUCATION（Theory &Practice ）2006年初，翻译专业正式得到国家教育部批准，成为一门独立的学科，复旦大学、广东外语外贸大学、河北师范大学作为第一批试点单位开始试招收翻译专业本科生。
本科翻译专业从最初试办到逐渐发展壮大，截止到2019年5月，共有281所高校获得教育部批准试办翻译本科专业学位。
2014年初，高等教育出版社和广东外语外贸大学成立国际语言研究与发展中心，联合教育部高等学校翻译专业教学协作组，组建全国翻译专业八级考试研发团队，历时五年，综合业内翻译学、测试学专家的多次论证，考试已初见雏形。
一、高等学校翻译专业本科教学要求及教学质量国家标准解读《高等学校翻译专业本科教学要求》（2012）（以下简称《教学要求》）及《高等学校教学质量国家标准》（2018）（以下简称《国标》）指出“高等学校本科翻译专业旨在培养德才兼备、具有宽阔的国际视野的通用型翻译专业人才。
毕业生能够胜任外事、经贸、教育、文化、科技、军事等领域中一般难度的笔译、口译或其他跨文化交流工作”。
英语专八阅读理解模拟试题附带翻译及解析
英语专八阅读理解模拟试题(附带翻译及解析)考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise；and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha！experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just ofimplementing the solution.1. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to[A] Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.[B] Identify a problem.[C] Bring together disparate facts.[D] Stipulate clear goals.2. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？[A] They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.[B] They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.[C] They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.[D] They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis？[A] Manager X analyzes first and then acts；Manager Y does not.[B] Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis；Manager Y does not.[C] Manager X takes action in order to arrive at the solution to a problem；Manager Y does not.[D] Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to a problem；Manager X does not.4. The text provides support for which of the following statements？[A] Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.[B] Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.[C] Managers'' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.[D] Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.5. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text？[A] An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is given.[B] A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.[C] The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.[D] Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.答案与考点解析1. 「答案」D「考点解析」这是一道归纳推导题。
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All through the years he led a simple life without worldly desires.
Though fond of many acquaintances, I desire an intimacy only with a few. The Man in Black, whom I have often mentioned, is one whose friendship I could wish to acquire, because he possesses my esteem. His manners, it is true, are tinctured with some strange inconsistencies, and he may be justly termed a humorist in a nation of humorists. Though he is generous even to profusion, he affects to be thought a prodigy of parsimony and prudence; though his conversation be replete with the most sordid and selfish maxims, his heart is dilated with the most unbounded love. I have known him profess himself a man-hater, while his cheek was glowing with compassion; and, while his looks were softened into pity, I have heard him use the language of the most unbounded illnature. Some affect humanity and tenderness, others boast of having such dispositions from Nature; but he is the only man I ever knew who seemed ashamed of his natural benevolence. He takes as much pains to hide his feelings, as any hypocrite would to conceal his indifference; but on every unguarded moment the mask drops off, and reveals him to the most superficial observer.
第二段第一句是个长句，内容复杂，可以采 用断句法，分成“古来…对待自己的生命” 和“当他…浪费掉。”两个句子进行翻译， 同时考虑用非谓语结构使句子简单化。
“当他活着一天…”含有“只要…就…”之意， 采用as long as结构较好。
“虚度”的译法可以比较灵活 dream away或 spend time in vain
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命， 当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度 年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。
From then on, all men with great accomplishment treated their lives seriously. As he lived, he would work and study as much as possible, rather than existing meaninglessly or wasting time unworthly.
To put on a false show of; simulate:
Though fond of many acquaintances, I desire an intimacy only with a few.
一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡 量吗？
【分析】此句不难理解，但表达有一定困难。现实生 活中没有这样一个标准来衡量一个人生命的意义，因 此这句话要用虚拟语气才能准确表示含义。句中动词 “衡量”的宾语是“生命的意义”，较为抽象，考虑 用动词evaluate.
Evaluate和measure的区别：
Most Chinese are righteous and peace-loving, simple and honest, enjoying a simple life, and much more self-contented than Westerners.
中正：just fair unbiased 淡泊：not seek fame and wealth 他一生淡泊，生活简朴。
奥里弗•哥尔斯密斯（1728-1774），十八世纪中叶的著名英国 作家。本文节选自其短文《黑衣人》。
The Man in Black:这篇文章是《世界公民》 “Letters from a Citizen of the World”中的第二十六封信，原有标题： The Character of the Man in Black; With Some Instances of His Inconsistent Conduct(黑衣人的性格；他言行矛盾的若干事 例)。
Certainly, it is quite difficult to bring forward such an absolute standard. However, if we, on the whole, could find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what are his attitude towards his life and work, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of one’s life.
我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想 家等等都莫不如是。
None of the labored people, great statesmen, or great thinkers and so on in our history is unlike that kind.
Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of past dynasties.
中国民族多数是性情中正平和、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满 足。
The Chinese people almost have the characters of probity, peace, unaggressiveness, and reservence, and are more easily satisfied than western people.
提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难，但是，大体上看一 个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、 生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出 适当的估计了。
It’s definitely difficult to give an absolute standard; however, it is not hard to make appropriate assumption of a person’s sense of being generally from whether his attitude towards life is serious and careful, and also from his opinion about work and daily life.
专八模考翻译部分讲评
1，把握专八翻译部分的评分 标准和考察重点 2，掌握应考时的基本技巧
一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡 量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难，但是，大体 上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待 工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意 义做出适当的估计了。
Measure：To ascertain the dimensions, quantity, or capacity of:
Evaluate：To ascertain or fix the value or ？
Is there any standard to measure the sense of a person’s life?
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命， 当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度 年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民 以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如是。中国民族 多数是性情中正平和、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满 足。
注释：
1，这段材料选自邓拓的《生命的三分 之一》，是2005年专八考题。
Tinctured 着色于,染 profusion慷慨 prodigy 奇迹,奇事;奇观 parsimony 吝啬;过于俭省 replete 充满的,装满的 sordid 肮脏的,污秽的 benevolence 仁慈,善心 hypocrite伪善者,伪君子