复旦大学2007年考博英语辅导班冲刺资料

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复旦大学2007年考博英语辅导班冲刺资料

词汇与阅读1. Could a mechanical device ever _______ human intelligence- the ultimate test being whether it could cause a real human to fall in love with it?A）destroy B）duplicate C）forge D）eliminate2. As the case of Amitar Ray and his family exemplifies, professional immigrants are among the most rapidly ________ ----- first because of their occupational success and second because of the absence of strong ethnic networks that reinforce the culture of origin.A）assimilated B）consumed C）accustomed D）fascinated3. “This park has more than 200 waterfalls that are 15 feet or higher. And 150 of them have never been mapped or photograph,”says park historian Lee Whittlesey. “Now that’s a ________ to the size of Y ellowstone.”A）proposition B）hypothesis C）ceremony D）testimony4. One of the chief differences between art and other things is that nearly everything _______ seems to have crept into our art from abroad.A）exotic B）home-made C）affluent D）subordinate5. Roosevelt achieved so much in good part because of his ________ sense of timing.A）ordinary B）exquisite C）elegant D）moderate6. Y ou should never trust him. Look at his record. Arrested for drunk driving. Several _______ for assault Possession of cocaine. And if that’s not enough, he was even caught cheating on his wife.A）aspirations B）motivations C）convictions D）handicaps7. Children are our most precious ________, or so we say, and they are our foremost responsibility.A）advantage B）excellence C）profit D）asset8. American aid to Israel skyrocketed from $300 million to $2.2 billion per year, making Israel the largest _______ of US foreign aid.A）merchant B）recipient C）patron D）customer9. The New England Puritans had ________ against idleness and waste in the seventeenth century, and Benjamin Franklin had promoted rigorous self-discipline in the eighteenth century.A）plutted B）sinned C）preached D）revolted10. Jeremy Benthan (1748-1832) _______ that “the greatest happiness of the greatest number” should be the guiding rule of public institutions.A）postulated B）applied C）dissolved D）hypothesized11. What you see is not an ordinary fish. It is one of those anthropomorphic fish, the kind that talk and ______ human characteristics.A）take on B）bring up C）seek out D）call up12. He was neglected his work for too long and it is impossible for him to _____ it in a month, let alone in a week.A）be bond up with B）caught up in C）run out of D）catch up on13. Apparently his plan is to consider any offers that _______ from Australian promoters and agents ------ but with a view working there some time in the future.A）settle down B）catch on C）come his way D）come to senses14. My hunger _______ music, ignorant though I was, led me into several friendships I must otherwise have missed. A）in B）at C）for D）to16. And yet Mother certainly loved my father in her own peculiar way all her life. She ______ to him, admired his brains, strength, and qualities of leadership.A）look down B）look up C）look into D）look for17. My father has had a hard life and it’s time he ______ a bit.A）stirred up B）backed up C）eased up D）surged up18. Indoor or roof space antennae do not ________ give satisfactory performance even in strong signal areas.A）habitually B）voluntarily C）invariably D）genuinely19. Our regrets at losing his services are, in a measure, ________ by the knowledge that the post which he now fills is one of the most important in the commonwealth.A）conflicted B）offset C）extinguished D）impeached20. When we say a substance is _________, we mean all parts of it are alike and show the same propertities.A）hierarchical B）exclusive C）universal D）homogeneous21. Most objects, even though _______ to visible light, will let X-rays through.A）opaque B）transparent C）blind D）solid22. Many modern language teachers make occasional use of teaching aids such as computers and tape recorders, but only a few them systematically as an _______ part of their work.A）incredible B）individual C）integral D）associate23. Then, in his soft, level voice, he will reveal once more the _______ gift that made him one of the ablest advocates in Britis h legal history.A）boastful B）eloquent C）obstinate D）restrained24. In order to repair barns, build fences, grown crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be _______-.A）expedient B）voracious C）versatile D）prosperous25. In a drab Senate hearing room witnesses gave the first public ________ last week in the biggest and most brazen financial scandal all time.A）declaration B）assertion C）testimony D）accusation26. Kelley’s publicists abruptly _______ a planned seven-city publicity tour, announcing that their “publishing objectives have been accomplished.”A）called off B）called in C）called down D）called on27. Lawyers have a terrible habit of using Latin and industry ______ to mystify people and make themselves more valuable. A）inflections B）dialects C）accents D）jargon28. I thought he was a waiter, while he made the _______ mistake and thought that I w as.A）reciprocal B）lethal C）relative D）converse29. The renowned writer taught Brueghel to be sparing in expression, to be _______ and limit himself to essentials.A）elaborate B）taciturn C）concise D）generous30. What he read as fear in their faces he _______ to the overwhelming depression of being taken when they would be free. A）belonged B）dedicated C）subscribed D）ascribed31. Y ou stole the money and have _________ a plot to lay the sin at my door.A）carved B）woven C）tangled D）launched32. Despair _________ him as he was refused a job for another time.A）covered B）enveloped C）confined D）scoffed33. The characteristics of gases vary widely. Some gases are transparent, some ___________ in water, and some have a strong smell.A）dissolve B）melt C）hush D）fade34. All the team members have been _______ for the ordeal facing them.A）bewildered B）poised C）trimmed D）struck35. As a makeshift, they _________ the largest ward into several emergency rooms.A）proliferated B）partitioned C）promoted D）paralyzed36. They failed to come up with ways of _______ the office routine so that huge workload can be finished by the fewer people they have now.A）nurturing B）stripping C）streamlining D）reinforcing37. I have been _______ since 7 o’clock this morning.A）in decline B）all of a piece C）down and out D）on the go38. The governor soon realized that it was too late to tackle what had _______ a nation-wide disaster.A）sprung up B）taken on C）amounted to D）settled for39. Suddenly I felt an awful ______ and knew that I had put him in danger by mentioning his name.A）confusion B）premonition C）gratification D）obstruction40. Fidgeting in a job interview may leave a bad impression on your ________ employer.A）prying B）prospective C）pertinent D）prosperous41. The proverb is set down with deliberation and is there to be seen and ________ upon.A）……..B）imposed C）posed D）pondered42. According to the mayor, ________ it had been economic ties between Shanghai and Hamburg that were stressed, nut cooperation is now expanding to the educational and cultural sectors.A）oddly enough B）presently C）thereby D）hitherto43. He doesn’t dare to leave the house __________ he should be recognized.A）in case of B）in case C）in that case D）in any case44. ______ his last will, his property will be divided equally between his sons and daughters.A）With regard to B）For the part of C）In accordance with D）In addition to45. Because our family is happy and health, we ______ ourselves fortunate.A）view B）summon C）render D）reckon46. In his ________ to further his knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.A）expedition B）stroke C）endeavor D）conception47. For decade past, in the Soviet Union and its satellite countries, any allusion to the avowed aims of communist doctrine --- equality, freedom from exploitation, true justice—had ______ only bitter laughter.A）incorporated B）attracted C）provoked D）affected48. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ____ to carrying out the plan.A）engaged B）committed C）conversed D）resolved49. After the accident, traffic had to be ________ away from the motorway.A）diverted B）scattered C）dispersed D）discouraged50. She once again went through her composition careful to _________ all spelling mistakes from it.A）withdraw B）evade C）eliminate D）diminish51. The taxi driver ________ about our luggage and seemed to be in a thoroughly bad temper.A）grumbled B）groaned C）grieved D）growled52. The loss of his hearing didn’t keep him from composing his masterpieces.A）faculty B）capacity C）ability D）power53. The worldwide environmental pollution is the main issue to be discussed at the General __________ of the United Nations to be held in Geneva this September.A）Embassy B）Convention C）Session D）Assembly54. Cheers broke out immediately after the President’s _______ remarks to the celebration of the victory of the national team in the final against Brazil.A）preceding B）preliminary C）previous D）prior55. The cathedral is built in Gothic style and its tall pillars are ______ with delicate carvings.A）decorated B）adorned C）ornamented D）trimmed56. He doesn’t express much _______ to a higher position, and seems to be quite content with his present post.A）rehabilitation B）inspiration C）perspiration D）aspiration57. Farmers ______ branches off trees to fuel fires at home in winter.A）slit B）stab C）chop D）punch58. The capitalist constitution stipulates that the Congress, not the Royal Family hold the ______ leadership pf the country.A）supreme B）superior C）superb D）utmost59. Each student may have not only a different learning style but also greater or less ______ for learning a language.A）altitude B）aptitude C）longitude D）gratitude60. China dishes ______ heat longer than pans do.A）attain B）detain C）sustain D）retain61. In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to ______ dreams were likely to be highly respected.A）interpret B）imply C）intervene D）impart62. Showing appreciation for every kindness is the etiquette ______ all over the world regardless of the cultural discrepancies. A）observed B）approved C）conferred D）executed63. Modern scientists ________ that truth is not something we assume, but something found at the end of long investigation. A）affirm B）confirm C）suppose D）presume64. The Nobel Prize winner has just promptly published his book which will ______ to the readers rough ideas of modern stock-marketing skills.A）convert B）convey C）transfer D）deliver65. In the past most scientists were men, but today, the number of women ______ this field is climbing.A）engaging B）dedicating C）registering D）pursuing66. When traveling, you are advised to take travelers’ checks, which provide a secure ______ to carrying your money in cash. A）substitute B）selection C）preference D）67. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be ______ to the welfare of animals.A）indignant B）indifferent C）ignorant D）vulnerable68. When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately recognized it was _______.A）novel B）remote C）foreign D）distant69. It is said that this new series of sportcars is designed ________ for women.A）fundamentally B）inclusively C）homogeneously D）exclusively70. We try to _______ the old lady that flying is safe.A）assure B）ensure C）guarantee D）secure71. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly ________.A）gaps B）intervals C）length D）distance72. The terrorist attacks in New Y ork ______ economic weakness in the United States which cleverly exports its inflation abroad.A）reinforce B）strengthen C）accelerate D）intensify73. Partly because of his influence in politics, Ronald is a man you will be glad to be ________ with.A）acquainted B）acknowledge C）identified D）accustomed74. The city government has decided to raise teachers’ salary by 15% to ______ the increased cost of living.A）overwhelm B）outdo C）offset D）restrain75. Research shows there is a link between childhood ______ to drugs and problems of addiction in later life.A）obsession B）exposure C）novelty D）objection76. Unemployment insurance system has two major goals: to prevent unemployed people from _______ severe hardshi ps and to help them get back to work.A）undergoing B）underlying C）undertaking D）underrating77. Airline services will be disrupted during the expansion of the airport, but normal services will be _____ in the spring.A）resumed B）assumed C）consumed D）presumed78. Like every nation, the United States used to define its units of currency, the dollars in _______ of gold standard.A）means B）respect C）terms D）regards79. The tendency of a boy beca me attached to his mother and to resent his father is ________ to as “Oedipus Complex”.A）regarded B）referred C）named D）related80. The opera was ______ from an ancient fairy tale, which is about the romantic love of a prince and a comely shop girl.A）adopted B）adapted C）composed D）staged81. The girl’s mother had taught her to observe all the time _______ that marked a lady.A）sermons B）ceremonies C）decorum D）disciplines82. The man’s face was _______ from his infected tooth.A）bugging B）expanded C）swollen D）blithe83. As the finally exam is drawing near, I will have to take advantages of the day off the ______ on some reading.A）catch up B）clear up C）hurry up D）make up84. One thing always ______ my mind from my early childhood, and that is the second of street-vendors.A）ties on B）sticks in C）fastens to D）settles on85. It is common that old people usually clings to _______ beliefs.A）orthodox B）liberal C）radical D）uncomfortable86. A greedy man usually has a ______ urge for greeter and greater wealth.A）compulsory B）compulsive C）compulsion D）compelled87. Look! The children are entirely ______ with the magician’s sword-swallowing act.A）bored B）choked C）angered D）transfixed(transfix: cause to be unable to speak, think and move. He stood transfixed with /horror and amazement)88. Clara was so disappointed about the result of the experiment that she was _______ giving it up.A）on the track of B）on the verge of C）with the view of D）under the illusion of89. They were _____ from the sinking vessels to the coastguard ship and towed west towed the shore.A）communicated B）transferred C）extradited D）captured90. In most countries, the arenas of free expression are in _____ and sometimes even in wisdom. But in that country, the free speech was too grossly free too crudely spiteful and foulmouthed.A）eccentricity B）condensation C）adaptation D）alteration91. The auditor calculated several times, but still couldn’t ______ the two sets of figures.A）correlate B）contradict C）merge D）combine92. The independent arbitrator managed to __________ the confrontation between the union and the employers.A）refuse B）confuse C）refute D）defuse93. When I heard footsteps behind me I was _____ that I would be attacked.A）hustled B）harassed C）pestered D）terrified94. David has few friends because he is such a(an) ________ person.A）friendly B）belligerent C）gregarious D）outgoing95. In the darkness he saw a woman standing near a post, but outline of her face was barely _______.A）apparent B）invisible C）perceptible D）observant96. Observations made during an eclipse often take solar astronomy into unmapped ______, answering old puzzles and uncovered new ones.A）countryside B）milieu C）ten-am D）environment97. As oil becomes more scarce, we may have to _______ to coal and wood for energy.A）congregate B）ascend C）revert D）ascribe98. Last month, the factional troops made a fierce _____ the fortress near the river which lasted for many hours.A）onslaught on B）struggle to C）clash with D）encounter with99. It is a pity that all the facilities _______ James still feels helpless.A）out of his reach B）under his feet C）beyond his depth D）at his disposal100. Beijing “being the first stop on our itinerary, we’d better _______ film there for the rest of our trip.”A）take care of B）make away with C）push ahead with D）stock up with101. Don’t take it for granted his silence _______ consent.A）confirms B）delays C）signifies D）dodges102. _______ no time to inform them of what had happened, the clerk should not be blamed.A）For all B）Notwithstanding C）Given D）Despite103. The boys’ _______ their game was so complete that they did not notice it was getting dark.A）aversion to B）dislike for C）satisfaction with D）immersion in104. If the modernization of our country is to be realized sooner, we must ______ the pace of our economic growth.A）accelerate B）slacken C）retard D）slow105. The photographic magazine I subscribed to ______ every other week.A）works out B）turns out C）comes out D）goes out106. Mother tends to be _____ when she speaks of her childhood.A）haughty B）curious C）indifferent D）mawkish107. Now the raft was passing the few ________ lights of the distant village.A）glimmering B）glaring C）gloomy D）blazing108. She told president that her winning the Nobel Prize was a ________ moment in her life.A）fateful B）disastrous C）insignificant D）terrible109. Mary got dismissed from her post for refusing to ________ her boss’s authority.A）sneer at B）bow to C）speak of D）talk about110. Mr. Green assured Anna if she did not understand the text, he would try to _________ it for her.A）instruct B）illuminate C）impart D）duplicate111. Joyce is a(an) __________ climber ---she shouldn’t attempt to-climb high mountains during winter.A）demanding B）accomplished C）fledging D）trained112. Paul has become a __________ smoker, so it is difficult for him to give up tobacco.A）confirmed B）conceited C）confessed D）committed113. Jerry is sometimes involved in _______ with her neighbors over who is responsible for repairing the fence.A）litigation B）indictment C）allegation D）accusation114. After the thunderstorm the lake in front of our school returned to its usual ______ state.A）flaccid B）placid C）acid D）lucid115. Grace ________with frustration when all her schoolfellows got promoted except her.A）sagged B）surged C）seethed D）surpassed116. As far as I know, the clerk has ______ $1000 to the collection for the hospital.A）enlisted B）embezzled C）dissipated D）subscribed117. Harold was _____ after he had been living in the United States for 15 years.A）nationalized B）naturalized C）materialized D）evangelized118. A motor race is like a stage on which we can see played out our own innate drive to overcome challenges and ______ the known limits of our capabilities.A）transcend B）restrain C）hamper D）confine119. The idea and monuments of ancient times, and of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, remain as vital as ever in the ________ of European life.A）prosperity B）fantasy C）fabric D）façade120. It is a great tragedy that not a _______ of the old church building remained after the big fire.A）vestige B）veracity C）version D）vicinity121. When Mr. Applegate was killed in a car accident, I immediately sent a sympathy card to his _____ wife and two children. A）bereaved B）mounted C）grieved D）moaned122. A counselor tries to liberate troubled students from their fears so the theyA）deranged B）juvenile C）tranquil D）mature123. To be interesting, avoid ________ expressions like “Time flies”or “Haste makes waste”; say something original.A）racy B）trite C）turgid D）vivacious124. If the courts took no action against those who destroy public property, they would be giving ______ to vandalism.A）countenance B）hindrance C）affliction D）antipathy125. Franck is deeply in love with Jane, but he tries to ________ his feelings.A）gratify B）mask C）arouse D）cultivate126. My grandfather will never let quarrels between my younger brother and sister upset her ________.A）equilibrium B）equivalence C）equality D）equity127. The old man sat by the window _______ the news with growing delight.A）conveying B）distorting C）savoring D）suppressing128. Mike amassed a fortune, but his _______ business dealings earned him a reputation.A）square B）sharp C）extensive D）honorable129. Although she _______ protested, the violence was not as destructive as she predicted it would be.A）vehemently B）unconsciously C）dastardly D）cowardly130. He disliked this kind of cruel humor, yet continued to tease her ______.A）contemptuously B）irretrievably C）pitifully D）unmercifully131. Heavy rain can ______ the earth from the stone, leaving no charge for new vegetable to take hold and raising the risk of landslides and further destruction.A）strip B）stripe C）stroke D）trim132. Despite the astonishing changes which have already taken place, the year 1992 continues to ______ as a year of destiny for Europe. A）loiter B）muffle C）loom D）hover133. The instructor asked his law students how they would deal with a _______ case and graded them on thir responses.A）hypocritical B）hypothetical C）hysterical D）hyperbolical134. Simon was expelled from his party for _______ the opposition party.A）rebellion B）defiance for C）disobedience D）defection135. Samuel was not intelligent, but by his _________ determination he finally reached his goal of becoming successful artist. A）feeble B）dogged C）wavering D）irresolute136. After her illness, Caria was so weak that she ______ and fell against the stair rail.A）stammered B）sprinted C）faltered D）scampered137. Jane was very proud when her elder brother John was ______, as a minister in their church.A）ordained B）ordered C）impeached D）toppled138. When the affectionate puppy approached me for a _________, I gently stroked its back.A）caress B）cuff C）carol D）cask139. A crowd began to ______ at the railway station to welcome the winning basketball team home.A）thin B）disperse C）ebb D）congregate140. Douglas is not modest, but he knows how to be modest, so his modesty is just ________.A）feigned B）imagined C）dreamed D）fancied141. If elected to Congress, the candidate will have to ______ his …….A）attain B）reverse C）secure D）relinquish142. The world-famous British Museum which houses a _______ collection of valuable books, paintings, works of arts, etc. attracts millions of visitors every year.A）immersible B）miscellaneous C）overwhelming D）unified143. The private detective, having received new information from a confidential source, narrowed down the ________ of his enquiry into the case.A）aspect B）sphere C）dimension D）scope144. Smith failed to _______ for the deficit in the company’s bank balance.A）check B）account C）quest D）prepare145. He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk ______ around one topic.A）coherently B）initiatively C）flexibly D）pointedly146. NO one could come up with an easy solution to the government’s predicament-labor ________ which is caused by the wars. A）decline B）vacancy C）rarity D）shortage147. When he lived in Tibet in the 1950s, radio was the only means by which he had to keep _______ of current events in the country. A）response B）track C）record D）trace148. People’s confidence in Blair was greatly _______ by his wife’s misbehavior.A）sapped B）cherished C）sabotaged D）confirmed149. The meeting was _______ over by the mayor to discuss the toll of crossing the bridges in Wuhan.A）propelled B）presumed C）presided D）pricked150. He gradually ______ that his wife was right and he had to change his way of living.A）explored B）repelled C）simplified D）perceived151. Though this apparatus is expensive, the patient agreed to use it after the operation because it could ______ the pain.A）assess B）alleviate C）avenge D）affirm152 The professor gave _________ instruction to the whole class as to make every student understand how to conduct the experiment in the lab.A）explicit B）afflictive C）authoritative D）oblivious153. Cigarette smoking is a great health ______ and may lead to fatal diseases.A）opposition B）protagonist C）fault D）hazard154. After some time the second stage of the space shuttle, having used up its fuel, just like the booster, separates and _______. A）runs away B）charges for C）faults off D）merges into155. Stressful environment leads to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which _______ increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease.A）in turn B）by chance C）by fortune D）in case156. Nowadays, our government advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you ______ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputationA）keep up with B）give away from C）go back on D）lose sight of157. It is the central government that has ________ the coastal economic preferential policies.A）delivered B）granted C）submitted D）given158. To the great disappointment of the public, the wanted in the murder case so far remains _______.A）at large B）in freedom C）at ease D）in prison159. Difficult as it is, English study is in the long run _______ to a learner in his or her career development.A）advantageous B）rewarding C）profitable D）160. The official was arrested for inability to ________ all his fortune he has enjoyed.A）clarify B）intensify C）verify D）justify161. The whole program is well designed, but some details need further _______ by some experts.A）proofing B）modifying C）demonstrating D）polishing162. Language, like food, is a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life might be ______ and damaged. A）starved B）stunned C）shocked D）segregated163. In ancient times, some catastrophic extinction of species occurred ________, but such catastrophes were comparatively rare. A）sequentially B）repeatedly C）naturally D）intentionally 164. Influenced by the environment, children’s minds _________ its and pieces of data when they grown up.A）take on B）pick in C）work out D）put down165. The United States court system is characterized by ________ hierarchies: there are both state and federal courtsA）double B）complex C）simple D）dual166. Advanced mammals such as monkeys, apes and humans have brains __________ from ancestors that took to living in the trees. A）derived B）progressed C）terminated D）advanced167. In a barter economy, finding somebody who wanted to trade his old car _______ a sailboat might not always be an easy task. A）in terms of B）by auction for C）by way of D）in exchange for168. In 1995 Martin Luther King, gained national _________ for his nonviolent methods used in a bus boycott in Montgomery. A）realization B）permission C）recognition D）revolution169. Once the baby has mastered the idea that space is three-dimensional, it ________ out and begins grasping various kinds of objects. A）shouts B）reaches C）aim D）pull170. Cosmic rays of various kinds come through the air outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are ____ off. A）avoided B）excluded C）screened D）separated 171. The doctors don’t ________ that he will live much longer.A）manifest B）articulate C）anticipate D）monitor172. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ________.A）feasible B）eligible C）probable D）sustainable173. The old gentleman was a very ________ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacle.A）respective B）respectable C）respectful D）respected174. This book is expected to _________ the best-seller lists.A）exemplify B）promote C）prevail D）dominate175. That part of the city has long been _______ for its street violence.A）historical B）responsible C）illegal D）notorious176. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ________ by steam.A）towed B）tossed C）propelled D）pressed177. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ________ themselves.A）stretching B）extending C）prolonging D）expanding178. England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to _______ themselves for last year’s defea t. A）remedy B）revive C）revenge D）……182. It is difficult to __________ of a plan to end poverty.A）ponder B）reckon C）speculate D）conceive183. Now the cheers and applause _______ in a single sustained roar.A）assembled B）concentrated C）mingled D）permeated189. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as _______ details that would be settled later.A）alternative B）trivial C）versatile D）preliminary191. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important _______ of American life.A）facets B）fashions C）frontier D）formats192. Parents often faced the ________ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A）junction B）paradox C）premise D）dilemma193. Clark felt that his _________ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all times was worth the suffering he underwent.A）appreciation B）partic ipation C）presentation D）apprehension195. The ________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A）defending B）guarding C）shielding D）protecting220. David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a society that gives so much ______ to those who compete well.A）prestige B）regime C）superiority D）legislation221. As you have seen, the value of a nation’s currency is a ________ of its economy.A）reaction B）reflection C）response D）revelation223. We should make a clear _______ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.A）separation B）discrimination C）deviation D）distinction226. The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only ________ familiarity with technology.A）in quest of B）by means of C）in terms of D）by virtue of227. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were ____________.A）in no way B）on the contrary C）at a loss D）of no avail228. By signing the lease we made a _________ to pay a rent of $ 150 a week.A）conception B）commission C）commitment D）confinement230. Many people think of deserts as _______ regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there. A）virgin B）barren C）void D）wretchedReading ComprehensionPassage 1Office job are among the positions hardest hit by compumation. Word procession and typists will be lose about 93 000 jobs over the next few years, which 57 000 secretarial jobs will vanish. Blame the PC: Today, many executives type their own。

复旦大学考博英语：考博英语词汇复习之基础部分

复旦大学考博英语：考博英语词汇复习之基础部分station车站at Victoria Stationstationary固定的，静止的，非流动的～troopsstatistics统计，统计资料The recent～on marriage are interesting steer掌舵，驾驶～a car through the entrancestern严厉的，苛刻的a～punishmentstick棍，棒，手杖Grandfather walks with a～stimulate刺激，促使～economic growthsting刺，螫，叮A bee stung him on the neckstir使微动，移动A breeze～red my hairstitch一针，针脚Make your～es closer togetherstock原料，备料，库存，现货Rags are used as a～for making paper stoop俯身，弯腰She～ed to pick up her fanstorm风暴，暴风雨，暴风雪A～arosestraightforward一直向前的，直接的a～business transactionstrain拉紧，绷紧If you～the elastic any more,it will breakstrap带，皮带silks～sstream小河，溪流on the banks of a～strength力量，力气，活力，效力the economic～of a nationstress压力，紧张Not all of us can cope with the～es of modern life stretch伸直，伸长He yawned and～ed himselfstride阔步前进，大踏步走He strode to the platformstrike打击，撞A stone struck me on the headstring细绳，线，带She took the parcel and started to undo the stringstrip剥去，除去The wind stripped the tree of all its leavesstrive努力，奋力，力求～towards a goalstroke敲，打，鸣drive in a nail with one～of the hammerstubborn顽固的，倔强的The～boy refused to listen to his parents’advice stuff原料，材料，物品，东西He has got all the～ready for building his new housesubject题目，主题the～for a debatesubmerge浸没，淹没，湮没The stream overflowed and～d the farmland submit屈服，服从，投降～to foreign pressuresubordinate下级的In the army,captains are～to majorssubstance物质，实质the～of pre-school educationsubstitute代替者，代替物He is the doctor’s～during holidays times subtle微妙的，巧妙的His whole attitude has undergone a～change subtract减，减去Subtract4from10you get6succession连续，一系列a～of debatessuck吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her handsue控告，起诉～sb for slandersummary总结，概要This book has a～at the end of each chaptersuperb极好的，一流的，杰出的～science and engineeringsuperficial表面的a～resemblancesuperfluous过多的，剩余的，多余的a～remarksupervise监督，管理，指导～sb’s every movesupplement增补，补充a～to wagessuppress压制，镇压～human rightssupreme最高的，至上的a～rulersurpass超过，优于，强于，胜过～advanced worldsurplus过剩，剩余a teacher～survey调查～population growth in the southern provincessurvive幸存，幸免于Only two people～d the firesuspect怀疑He～ed a plot against his lifesustain支撑，承受The fountains were not strong enough to～the weight of the houseswallow吞，咽～one’s foodswarm蜂群sway摇摆a tree～ing gently in the breezeswear宣誓，发誓～on a Bible to observe secrecyswell膨胀，鼓起A tire～s as it is filled with airswing摇摆，摇荡～a baby in the cradlesympathy同情心，慰问a man of wide sympathiessynchronize使同步，使结合，使协调Their steps～d来TtTtaboo禁忌，忌讳Movies producers attempted to break down all the～s tackle用具，装备shaving～tailor裁缝go to the～’stalk讲话，谈话Is your baby talking yet?tame驯化的，驯服的，温顺的～animailstan棕黄色，黄褐色buy some shoes in tantax税(款)Half of his wages go in taxtear撕开，撕裂tear open an envelopetease戏弄，取笑The boy is teasing the cattedious单调乏味的，冗长的，罗嗦的a～debatetemper心情，脾气be in a good～tempt引诱，诱惑Nothing could～me to do such a thingtend趋向，倾向Interest rates are～ing upwardstender嫩的a～piece of meattentative试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的a～planterm学期the spring～terminate停止，结束，使终止～a contractterrify使害怕，使惊吓She was terrified out of her witstestify作证，证明He agreed to～on behalf of the accused man thermal热的，由热造成的～burnsthirst渴，口渴The heat creates a～in me like I’ve never had before thread线，线状物cotton～thrill使非常兴奋，使非常激动It’s a sight that never fails to～me thrive兴旺发达，繁荣His business is thrivingthrust推，刺，戳，插，挤He was～into powertick(钟声等发出的)滴答声tidy整洁的，整齐的a～roomtilt使倾斜，使倾倒Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat time时间，时刻，时候～and spacetip末端，尖端the tips of the fingerstoast烤面包，吐司two slices of～token表示，标志，象征He did that as a～of good faithtorture拷打，拷问～a confession from a prisonertoss扔，抛，掷The children tossed the ball to each othertough坚韧的，牢固的Some plastic are as～as metaltow拖，拉，牵引tow a damaged ship into porttower塔，塔楼，高楼a television～trace痕迹，踪迹The wound healed,leaving almost no～of a scar track足迹，踪迹～s in the snowtragedy悲剧Hamlet is one of shakespeare’s best known tragediestrail痕迹，足迹a～of destruction left by the violencetramp步行，跋涉He loves～ing over the hillstransfer转移，调动the company has transferred to an eastern location transform变形，改观～a hotel into a hospitaltransient短暂的，转瞬即逝的～happinesstransmit播送，发射～a match livetransparent透明的Glass is～transplant移植，移种，移居～a human heart into a patienttreasure财宝，财富dig for buried～trend倾向，趋势an upward～of pricestrick诡计，骗局He got the money by a～trifle琐事，小事One should not get angry about such a～trim整齐的，整洁的～lawnstrip旅行，旅游a～round the worldtriple三倍的，三重的，三部分的，三方的Black unemployment rateruns～the figure for whitestriumph胜利a～over the enemytrivial琐碎的，不重要的，无价值的～matterstuck夹入，藏入He～ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose ittug(用力)拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’t opentumble跌到，滚下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling overtune曲调，曲子She wrote the words of the song and her brother wrote the～turbulent骚乱的，动荡的，混乱的，狂暴的a～crowdturn转动，旋转Turn the hands of the clock until they point to9O’clock tutor家庭教师，指导教师When the students are making their choices, their～may well guide themtwinkle闪烁，闪耀，闪亮The diamond on her finger～d in the firelight twist捻，搓，绞，拧～a rope out of threads本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

复旦大学博士入学英语模拟试题附答案

复旦大学博士入学英语试题Part IV ocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions: Three are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet Ⅰwith a single line through the center.1. Although it is only a small business, its _________ is surprisingly high.A. turn-upB. turn-overC. turn-aboutD. turn-out2. Unfortunately not all of us obtain our just _________ in this life.A. demandsB. gainsC. desertsD. wins3. That contract about which we had a disagreement last month, has now gone __________.A. throughB. downC. overD. around4. The _______ of two houses proved such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one.A. upsurgeB. upshotC. upturnD. upkeep5. _________ through the attic and see if you can find anything for the jumble sale.A. LeashB. RummageC. FlutterD. Scrape6. How about a glass of orange juice to________ your thirst.A. quashB. QuellC. QuenchD. quieten7. Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book, she is always ___________ her place.A. missingB. slippingC. botheringD. losing8. She was putting on her watch when the _________ broke and it fell to the ground.A. beltB. stringC. tieD. strap9. I washed this dress and the color_________.A. flowedB. escapedC. ranD. removed10. The recent economic crisis has brought about a _________ in world trade.A. sagB. tiltC. droopD. slump11. Although we decorated the room only six months ago, the paint on the ceiling is already _________ because of the damp.A. crumblingB. flakingC. disintegratingD. splintering12. The false banknotes fooled many people, but they did not _________ to close examination.A. put upB. keep upC. stand upD. look up13. They were making enough noise at the party to wake the ___________.A. deadB. livingC. lunaticD. crippled14. If you would like to send a donation, you can ________a cheque to the organization Feed the Children.A. make upB. make forC. make outD. make off15. The students visited the museum and spent several hours with the________, who was very helpful.A. curatorB. bursarC. commissionerD. steward16. The accused man was able to prove his innocence at the trial and was __________.A. absolvedB. acquittedC. pardonedD. executed17. Mary was extremely lucky: when her great-uncle died, she __________ a fortune.A. came byB. came overC. came intoD. came through18. The drunken couple did nothing to keep the flat clean and tidy and lived in the utmost __________.A. decayB. contaminationC. squalorD. confinement19. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but _________ slightly in the afternoon.A. recoveredB. recuperatedC. retrievedD. regained20. He tries to __________ himself with everyone by paying them compliments.A. pleaseB. ingratiateC. placateD. remunerate21. I was afraid to open the door lest the beggar _________ me.A. followedB. were to followC. followD. would follow22. By the end of the day the flood water which had covered most of the town had __________.A. reversedB. retiredC. returnedD. receded23. Educational policies made _________ the hoof by successive secretaries of state are the main reason for low teacher morale.A. inB. onC. byD. along24. It was obvious that he had been drinking far too much from the way he came_________ down the street.A. toddlingB. hobblingC. lopingD. staggering25. He was a generous friend but as a businessman he __________ a hard bargain.A. dealtB. contractedC. droveD. faked26. My friend’s son, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was __________ only a few miles from home.A. placedB. stationedC. deportedD. exorcized27. In a coal-mining area, the land tends to __________causing damage to roads and buildings.A. subsideB. diminishC. confiscateD. cede28. As the cat lay asleep, dreaming, whiskers __________.A. twitchedB. twistedC. jerkedD. jogged29. The total __________ from last month’s charity dance were far more than expected.A. earningsB. acquisitionsC. proceedsD. subsidies30. The new manager had many difficulties to overcome but he __________them all in his stride.A. overlookedB. obtainedC. tackledD. tookPart IIReading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.Passage oneResale Price Maintenance is the name used when a retailer is compelled to sell at a price fixed by the manufacturer instead of choosing for himself how much to add on to the wholesale price he pays for his supplies. This practice is associated with the sale of “branded” goods, which now form a very considerable proportion of consumers’ purchases, and it has led to a great deal of controversy.Generally such articles are packed and advertised by the manufacturers, who try to create a special ‘image’ in the minds of possible purchasers—an image made up of the look of the article, its use, its price, and everything else which might lead purchasers to ask for that brand rather than any other. If a retailer is allowed to charge any price he likes he may find it worthwhile to sell one brand at ‘cut’ prices even though this involves a loss, because he hopes to attract customers to the shop, where they may be persuaded to buy many other types of goods at higher prices. The manufacturer of the brand that has been ‘cut’ fears that the retailer may be tempted to reduce the services on this article; but, even if he does not there is a danger that the customer becomes unsettled, and is unwilling to pay the ‘standard’ price of the article because he feels that he is being ‘done’. This may, and indeed often does, affect the reputation of the manufacturer and lose him his market in the long run.It is sometimes said also that the housewife—who is the principal buyer of most of these goods—prefers a fixed price because she knows where she is and is saved the bother of goingfrom shop to shop in search of lower prices. If one shop cut all the prices of its branded goods she would undoubtedly have an advantage in shopping there. But this does not happen. A store usually lowers the price of one or two of its articles which act as a decoy and makes up its losses on others, and changes the cut-price articles from week to week so as to attract different groups of customers. And so the housewife may feel rather guilty if she does not spend time tracking down the cheaper goods. How far this is true is a matter of temperament and it is impossible to estimate what proportion of purchasers prefer a price that they can rely on wherever they choose to buy and what proportion enjoy the challenge involved in finding the store that offers them a bargain.Those who oppose Resale Price Maintenance on the other hand, point out that there are now a great many different channels of distribution—chain stores, department stores, co-operative stores, independent or unit shops, supermarkets, mail-order houses, and so on. It would be absurd to assume that all of them have exactly the same costs to meet in stocking and selling their goods, so why should they all sell at the same price? If they were allowed to choose for themselves, the more efficient retailers would sell at lower prices and consumers would benefit. As it is, the retail price must be sufficient to cover the costs of the less efficient avenues of distribution and this means the others make a bigger profit than necessary at the expense of the public. The supporters of the fixed price argue that this is only half the story. Theefficient trader can still compete without lowering his prices. He can offer better service—long credit, or quick delivery or a pleasant shop decor or helpful assistants—and can do this without imperiling the long-term interests of the manufacturer.31. Manufactures oppose retailers cutting prices on their goods mainly because they think __________.A. retailers may eventually stop selling their productsB. it may reduce customers’ confidence in their productsC. customers may feel uneasy when prices varyD. it may sometimes lead to poor service32 Supporters of the fixed price hold that an efficient trader can still make money without lowering prices by __________.A. allowing customers time to payB. hiring assistants for long hours and low wagesC. advertising much more effectivelyD. establishing long-term relations with manufactures33. By saying “He feels that he is being ‘done’”, the author means that customer thinks__________.A. someone is despising himB. someone is maltreating himC. someone is blackmailing himD. someone is cheating him34. “Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?A. Good service other than price is important in attracting customers.B. An article without a brand name is not subject to Resale Price Maintenance.C. Manufactures attempt to influence possible purchasers by making their products easy to identify.D. Housewives prefer fixed prices because fixed prices are much less likely to fluctuate35. The sentence “She knows where she is” in the third paragraph can be paraphrased as “__________”.A. She knows her placeB. She knows her stuffC. She feels secureD. She feels intoxicatedPassage twoHe built a hut on a piece of rough land near a rock fall. In the wet season there was a plentiful stream, and over the years he encouraged the dry forest to surround him with a thick screen. The greener it became the easier it was to forget the outside. In time Melio (not without some terrible mistakes) learnt how to live in spite of the difficulties up on that mountain shelf.His only neighbors were a family group of Parakana Indians who, for reasons known only to themselves, took a liking to Melio. Their Chief never looked closely at Melioand said to himself that this white man was as mad as a snake which chews off its own tail. The parakanas taught Melio to catch fish with the help of a wild plant which made them senseless in the stream. It gave off a powerful drug when shaken violently through the water. They showed him how to bunt by laying traps and digging. In time Melio’s piece of land became a regular farm. He had wild birds, fat long-legged ones and thin nearly featherless chickens, and his corn and salted fish was enough to keep him stocked up through the wet season.The Parakanas were always around him. He’d never admit it but he could feel that the trees were like the bars of a prison; they were watching him. It was as if he was there by courtesy of the Chief. When they came to him, the Indians never entered his house, with its steeply sloping roof of dried grass and leaves. They had a delicate way of behaving. They showed themselves by standing in the shade of the trees at the clearing’s edge. He was expected to cross the chicken strip towards them. Then they had a curious but charming habit of taking a pace back from him, just one odd step backwards into their green corridors. Melio never could persuade them to come any closer.The group guessed at Melio’s hatred for his civilized brothers in the towns far away. They knew Melio would never invite any more white men up here. This pleased the Parakanas. It meant that traders looking for robber and jewels would never reach them. Their Melio would see to that. They were safe with this man and his hatred.36. It is known from the passage that Melio wanted the forest around him to become thick because the dense leaves __________.A. reminded him of his house in the town far awayB. prevented the Parakanas from watching himC. helped him to forget the world he hatedD. protected him from being intruded by the white men in the town37. The Chief’s comparison of Melio to a snake is intended to show that __________.A. he did not trust MelioB. it was unwise to go too close to MelioC. he believed Melio hated the ParakanasD. he thought Melio was out of his mind38. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Melio stayed on his farm for a number of years.B. Melio felt like a prisoner because he couldn’t escape being watched.C. Melio kept himself alive, during the rainy season by eating what he had in store.D. The Parakanas thought Melio lived there because he was looking for rubber and jewels.39. To Melio, the Parakana Indians seemed __________.A. odd but hatefulB. strange but attractiveC. unhealthy but friendlyD. cowardly but sociable40. It can be concluded from the passage that the place described by the author was __________.A. far removed from civilizationB. impossible to cultivateC. the home of Melio’s Indian relativesD. wet all the year roundPassage threeWhen he was so far out that he could look back not only on the little bay but past the stretch of rock that was between it and the seashore, he floated on the warm surface and looked for his mother. There she was, a little yellow dot under an umbrella that looked like a piece of orange-skin. He swam back to shore, relieved at being sure she was there, but all at once very lonely.On the other side of the bay was a loose scattering of rocks. Above them, some boys were stripping off their clothes. They came running, their bodies bare, down to the rocks. Jerry swam towards them, and kept his distance a little way off. They were off that coast, all of them burned smooth dark brown, and speaking a language he did not understand. To be with them, of them, was a feeling that filled his whole body. He swam a little closer; they turned and watched him with narrowed, attentive dark eyes. Then one smiled and waved. It was enough. In a minute he had swum in and was on the rocks beside them, smiling with extreme nervousness. They shouted cheerful greetings at him, and then, as he preserved his nervous, puzzled smile, they understood that he was a foreigner who had wandered from his own part of the sands, and they promptly forgot him. But he was happy. He was with them.They began diving again and again from a high point into a well of blue sea between rough, pointed rocks. After they had dived and come up, they swam round, pulled themselves up, and waited their turn to dive again. They were big boys-men to Jerry. He dived, and they watched him, and when he swam round to take his place, they made way for him. He felt he was accepted and he dived again carefully proud of himself.Soon the biggest of the boys balanced himself, shot down into the water, and did not come up. The others stood about watching. Jerry, after waiting for the smooth brown head to appear, let out a cry of warning; they looked at him idly and turned their eyes back towards the water. After a long time, the boy came up on the other side of a big dark rock, letting the air escape suddenly from his lungs with much coughing and spitting, and giving a shout of satisfaction, immediately, the rest of them dived in. One moment the morning seemed full of boys as noisy as a crowd of monkeys; the next, the air and the surface of the water were empty. But through the heavy blue, dark shapes could be seen moving and searching.Jerry dived, shot past the school of underwater swimmers, saw a black wall of rocktowering over him, touched it, and shop up at once to the surface, where the rock formed a low wall he could see across. There was no one in sight; under him, in the water, the shadowy shapes of the swimmers had disappeared. Then one and then another of the boys came up on the far side of the wall of rock, and he understood that they had swum through some gap or hole in it. He dived down again. He could see nothing through the stinging salt water but the solid rock. When he came up, the boys were all on the diving rock, preparing to attempt the trick again. And now, overcome with a sense of failure, he shouted up in English: “Look at me! Look!” and he began splashing and kicking in the water like a foolish dog.41. It can be concluded from the passage that __________.A. Jerry was not a good swimmerB. Jerry failed to gain acceptance by the other boysC. Jerry was on holiday abroadD. Jerry was not on good terms with his mother42. The word “bare” in Paragraph 2 means__________.A. in disguiseC. in the gutterB. in the limelightD. in the raw43. At the beginning, Jerry was swimming__________.A. into the little bayB. too far out to see his motherC. near to the group of boysD. further out to see than the rock44. What happened to the biggest boy?A. He had been trying to stay under water as long as possible.B. He had swum through a hole in the rock under the water.C. He had been trying to do the highest dive.D. He had played a trick on Jerry.45. Jerry splashed and kicked in the water because_________.A. he was pretending to be drowningB. he wanted to amuse all the other boysC. he hadn’t been able to do what the other boys had doneD. he wanted the other boys to listen to what he was sayingPassage fourPeter Sellers wouldn’t be allowed his career today. All those funny racial stereotypes—the caricatured frogs, wops, yids and goodness-gracious-me Pakis—are in clear breach of the codes of political correctness.His lewd disguises and overdone accents belong with black-and-white minstrel shows and clog-dancing—it’s the comedy of yesteryear.Have you tried listening to The Goon Show lately? It is a reworking of The Gang Show, excruciatingly bad and dated, and full of explosions, gunfire and jokes about Hitler and the War.Nonetheless, Sellers continue to obsess people. He’s already been the subject of biographies galore, including, back in 1994, a 1,200-page magnum opus by myself, which is now being turned into a biopic starring Geoffrey Rush.The appeal lies in the mythic dimensions of Sellers’ story. He had everything and it wasn’t enough. He was a comedian with a tragic inability to enjoy life. He was world-famous and desperately lonely. At the weight of his fame, as Inspector Clouseau, his eccentricity tipped over the edge into genuine insanity. He was a basket case.This is irresistible material. Sellers’ subversive and immoderate behaviour puts him in a class of his own. Picture my disappointment with Ed Sikov’s tome, therefore. Here’s a thick book that tells us nothing new.For newcomers to Sellers, however, Mr. Strangelove is a perfect digest of the man’s life and work, briskly told. Sellers was descended from a family of bare-knuckle East End prize-fighters, although his parents were music hall entertainers. His clinging whining mother, Peg, was a quick-change artiste and his father, Bill, was a ukulele player and soft-shoe-shuffle merchant.The young Peter was raised in the ghostly, twilight world of shabby theatres and end-of-the-pier revues: dog acts, acrobatic midgets, incompetent conjurors and gypsy violinists. To go from these origins and become as big as The Beatles, as he was in the Sixties, is an amazing feat.Sellers spent the Second World War in the Air Force, impersonating officers and playing the drums to entertain the troops. When he was demobbed he worked in holiday camps and began getting spots on radio, culminating in The Goon Show. He dubbed the voices of Churchill and Humphrey Bogart on film soundtracks, and it was while hanging about the studios that he was offered walk-on roles.His breakthrough came with the part of a teddy boy in The Ladykillers, a film that improves with each viewing. This led to the role of Fred Kite, the shaven-headed, belligerent shop steward in I’m All Right, Jack which won him a British Academy Best Actor statuette. When Peter Ustinov dropped out of The Pink Panther on a Friday, Sellers flew to the set in Rome on Monday to replace him. The rest is history.Or notoriety. Sellers’ descent into madness was swift. He got rid of his wife and children and chased after Britt Ekland, whom he pounced on in The Dorchester and married ten days later. He took drugs to enhance his potency, and this precipitated a heart attack. Having worked on Dr Strangelove during the day, each evening he locked himself in the bathroom and threatened to commit suicide. Bryan Forbes and Nanette Newman had to come over and talk to him trough the door. He then decided he wanted to marry Nanette. He also wanted to marry Sophia Loren, PrincessMargaret and Liza Minnelli.His misbehavior and unprofessionalism cost film studios millions of dollars. Sets had to be repainted and costumes remade if they were purple or green-colors of which he was morbidly superstitious.He enjoyed messing about during filming and blowing his lines; he pulled guns on people. He walked off Casino Royale and was discovered in Britt Ekland’s mother’s house in Sweden. Meanwhile, Orson Welles and the rest of the cast were in full make-up and on full pay back at Pinewood, waiting for him to reappear.Sellers was happy only in the company of his gadgets, cameras and fast cars, which he’d replace or abandon with manic frequency. At one of his weddings, the maids of honor were the bride’s dogs. He was also selfish in the extreme: when his relationships broke up, he’d send his henchmen round to retrieve his gifts.46. People are still obsessed with Peter Sellers because___________.A. he was a geniusB. he was as big as The BeatlesC. his life was full of drama and contradictionD. he led a very austere life47. By saying “He was a basket case”, the author means that Peter Sellers was___________.A. handicappedB. derangedC. impetuousD. callous48. According to the passage, Peter Sellers took drugs to improve___________.A. his theatrical performanceB. his breathtaking performanceC. his walk-on roles on the stageD. his performance sexually49. The “galore” in paragraph 4 means ___________.A. numerousB. anecdotalC. criticalD. unauthorized50. Peter Sellers can be described as__________.A. unpredictable but generousB. talented but unstableC. sane but selfishD. eccentric but reliablePaper TwoPart ⅢCloze (10%)Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.One of the major differences between man and his closest living relative is, of course, that the chimpanzee has not developed the power of speech. Even the most intensive efforts to teach young chimps to talk have met with51no success. Verbal language represents a truly gigantic step forward in man’s52.Chimpanzees do have a wide range of calls, and these certainly serve to convey some types of information. When a chimp finds good food he utters loud barks; other chimps53the vicinity instantly become aware of the food source and hurry to join in. An attacked chimpanzee screams and this may alert his mother or a friend, either of54may hurry to his aid. A chimpanzee confronted with an alarming and potentially dangerous situation utters his spine-chilling wraaaa-again, other chimps may hurry to the spot to see what is happening. A male chimpanzee, about to enter a valley or charge toward a food source, utters his pant-hoots and other individuals realize that another member of the group is arriving and can identify55one. To our human56each chimpanzee is characterized more by his pant-hoots than by any other type of call. This is significant since the pant-hoot in particular is the call that serves tomaintain contact, between the separated groups of the community. Yet the chimps57can certainly recognize individuals by other calls; for instance a mother knows the scream of her offspring. Probably a chimpanzee can recognize the calls of most of his acquaintances.While chimpanzee calls58serve to convey basic information about some situations and individuals, they cannot for the most part be compared59a spoken language. Man by means of words can communicate abstract ideas; he can benefit from the experiences of others60having to be present at the time; he can make intelligent cooperative plans.Part ⅣTranslation (20%)Directions: Put the following passage into English.人类是一个不断的自然的进化过程的产物，其中包括无数次的遗传转化：这一不可阻挡的过程自45亿年前地球形成以来一直未曾间断过。

复旦大学考博英语1

[模拟] 复旦大学考博英语1Part ⅠVocabulary Directions: There are 30 incompete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter or Answer Sheet I with a single line through center.第1题：Tom ran from the house in a terrible rage, his arms ( )in the air.A.overridingB.flailingC.overactingD.forsaking参考答案：B答案解析：flail“用力地挥动或摆动”与题意相符。

override比其他一切更重要；overact 过度，过分，(把剧中角色等)演得过火；forsake舍弃，背弃，革除(旧风习等)，抛弃(坏习惯)。

第2题：They have been arrested as suspected drug( ).A.abortionB.vectorC.uraniumD.traffickers参考答案：D答案解析：drug trafficker毒品走私贩。

abortion流产，堕胎；vector[数]向量，矢量，带菌者；uranium铀。

第3题：She had a shy, retiring side to her personality that was completelyat odds with her public( ).A.personaB.tummyC.steppeD.rendezvous参考答案：A答案解析：public persona公众角色；tummy胃，腹痛；steppe特指西伯利亚一带没有树木的大草原；rendezvous集合点。

复旦大学考博英语模拟题1

11．复旦大学模拟试题Paper OnePartⅠVocabulary and Structure1. Tom ran from the house in a terrible rage, his arms ______in the air.A. overridingB. flailingC. overactingD. forsaking2. They have been arrested as suspected drug______.A. abortionB. vectorC. uraniumD. traffickers3. She had a shy, retiring side to her personality that was completely at odds with her public______.A. personaB. tummyC. steppeD. rendezvous4. Hong Kong was ______to Britain after the Opium War.A. congregatedB. castigatedC. cededD. exceeded5. Harry vacuum cleaners work entirely by______.A. suffrageB. suctionC. suedeD. subtlety6. The company has consistently denied responsibility, but it agreed to the settlement to avoid the expense of______.A. teeB. techC. llamaD. litigation7. English primrose need to be grown in rich damp soil with plenty of ______or compost worked into it.A. marijuanaB. manureC. maltD. mallet8. We spent the day ______through forests and over mountains.A. drudgingB. dribblingC. trekkingD. thumping9. The organization has so far raised $2.5 million to finance bone ______trans- plants for children.A. marrowB. moronC. musselD. mire10. Napoleon was ______at the battle of Waterloo in 1815.A. sublimatedB. interspersedC. vanquishedD. interposed11. Sarah ______articles to the New York Times from time to time.A. distributesB. issuesC. subscribesD. contributes12. The rain looked as though it had ______for the night.A. set offB. set inC. set outD. set up13. The physician had to visit his patient six ______days before the patient could be considered in a fair condition.A. consequentB. consecutiveC. consistentD. conservative14. A research worker might ______that the existence of such kind of disease is due to the pollution of the area.A. referB. inferC. conferD. prefer15. Old Mr. Brown's condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he willA. pull offB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out16. When the nurse took his temperature, it was three degrees above______.A. averageB. regularC. normalD. ordinary17. Processes in the human body are not in all respects exactly ______to those, that can be produced in the experimental animals.A. comparativeB. comparableC. competitiveD. compatible18. The doctor assured Susan that the pain would ______one hour after she took the medicine.A. wear outB. wear downC. wear awayD. wear on19. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes______, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A. dimB. vainC. faintD. blank20. The best solution to the problem can only be found by a process of trail andA. mistakeB. errorC. successD. experiment21. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this ______produces artificial cold surrounding it.A. absorptionB. transitionC. consumptionD. interaction22. While some bacteria are beneficial, others are ______in that they cause disease.A. detrimentalB. prodigiousC. intrusiveD. mordant23. Measuring skin fold thickness is considered to be an_____ method for estimating the amount of fat on one's body.A. accessibleB. accountableC. acceptableD. adaptable24. The continuous unrest was ______the nation's economy.A. exaggeratingB. aggravatingC. amendingD. fastening25. All parts of this machine are______, so that it is very simple to get replacements for them.A. specializedB. standardizedC. minimizedD. modernized26. The failure of the experiment to produce the expected result should alone be ______to your carelessness.A. contributedB. ascribedC. distributedD. prescribed27. The economic development of that small country is to a considerable extent limited by the ______of raw materials and low consumption level.A. abundanceB. inflationC. deficiencyD. installment28. Susan made careful ______as to the kinds of cake and candy needed for her party.A. stimulationB. appreciationC. identificationD. specification29. If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater ______to produce.A. incentiveB. initiativeC. instructionD. instinct30. Substances, whether in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state, possess______ which are independent of the force of cohesion.A. attributesB. tendenciesC. elementsD. ingredientsPart ⅡReading Comprehension(1)One busy day, I was racing around trying to get too much done, and I exclaimed to my three kids in the car, "We can get both things done and kill two birds with one stone!" My daughter Annie quietly suggested, "You mean feed two birds with one crumb, Mom, don't you?" I stopped short, realizing how steeped my language is in the culture of war. I had used "weapon" language without even knowing it. I was embarrassed and yet felt a grace: if a child can become conscious of using a new language of peace, then there is hope.Think about the business language: strategies, bullets, high-caliber, power point; about win-lose sports language like "decimate", "attack", "destroy the other team", not to mention the movies and video games that simulate the most gruesome annihilations over and over. The lies of propaganda, one-sided media coverage, the alienation of others (those terrorists, the axis of evil), all part of the "collective psychic numbing" of our times. The biggest lie of all is that nuclear weapons are going to protect us. Nuclear weapons are an assault on our life, our planet, and on the Creator of the universe. It seems to afflict what our people could be as a result of the mess seeming too big to handle for the average person, disconnected and disempowered. When the world food programme for children equals 1/70th of the annual world military expense, we see what a crisis we are in.Yet it inspired hope with the life examples of Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Mother Teresa, Oscar Romero and others. Each spiritual leader lived the maxim, "no justice, no peace," nonviolently insisting on the truth, speaking truth to power without harming others or stripping their dignity. Imagine if we focused on this commonality, rather than what divides us; imagine if religions and religious leaders promulgated a global culture of peace and tolerance. We do not have to feel overwhelmed; that U. N. structures, NGO documents, UNESCO declarations, peoples' ideas for education exist already, that the internet is a rich source of counterculture information, connectedness and hope. Of what use is a vote or medical care in a war-torn society? A culture of war is like a house of cards; the house can fall and give rise, like the phoenix, to a new culture of peace. There are three fundamental ways to build a culture of peace: understand, participate, communicate. I'll bet our children can think of 50 more, going out and waging peace.31. How does the author feel about the current culture?A. Gratified.B. Ashamed.C. Indignant.D. Panicked.32. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. The public is surrounded by various violence and lies.B. So far we are deeply immersed in the culture of war.C. Nuclear weapons are vivid expression of a culture of war.D. There is another arms race in someplace of the world.33. By saying "imagine if religions and religious leaders promulgated…tolerance." (Line 5, Para. 3) the author means ______.A. peace is the only way to achieve our human potentialB. peace is a human right and can not be deprived ofC. without peace, all other human rights are illusoryD. they should lead the faithful away from extremes34. The statement "A culture of war is like a house of cards" (Line 10, last paragraph) implies except______.A. a culture of war can be destroyedB. a culture of war is not safe and reliableC. a culture of war will lead to wars easilyD. a culture of war can regenerate35. From the passage we learn that the author is______.A. an enthusiast in world peaceB. a conscientious linguisticianC. a sympathizer with poor childrenD. a devotional Christian(2)There are some that would argue that hospitals are no place for dogs, while they are wrong. At least according to new research reported at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2005. For people hospitalized with advanced heart disease, it is better to have visitors than to lie quietly alone. But one type of visitor seems to be especially beneficial, researchers reported on Tuesday. That visitor is a dog. In the first controlled study of the effects of pet therapy in a random sample of acute and critically ill heart patients, anxiety as measured on a standard rating scale dropped 24 percent for those visited by a dog and a human volunteer, by 10 percent for those visited by a volunteer alone and not at all for those with no visitors. Similar resultswere found in measures of heart and lung function.The senior author of the Pet Therapy Study, Kathie M. Cole, said 76 patients with heart failure, a condition that affects an estimated five million Americans, were randomly assigned one of the three visit types. The dogs, from 12 breeds, were screened for behavior and disease before participating in the study. "Some patients in the first group," Ms. Cole said, "began to smile and immediately engaged in conversation with dog and volunteer." "Their worries seemed to vanish from their faces," she said. The researchers examined the patients three times: right before the 12-minute visit, eight minutes into it and four minutes after it was over.Besides the anxiety measurement, researchers found, patients' levels of epinephrine, a hormone the body makes when under stress, dropped 17 percent when visited by a person and a dog, and 2 percent when visited by only a person. Epinephrine levels rose an average of 7 percent in the unvisited group in the study, which was financed by the Pet Care Trust Foundation, a nonprofit group. Pressure in the heart's top left chamber dropped 10 percent after a visit by volunteer and dog. The same pressure rose 3 percent for those visited by a volunteer and 5 percent for the unvisited group. Pressure in the pulmonary artery dropped 5 percent during and after a visit by volunteer and dog, but rose in the other two groups. Ms. Cole recommended further studies to determine how long the benefits lasted. "Dogs are a great comfort," she said. "They make people happier, calmer and feel more loved. That is huge when you are scared and not feeling well."36. The sentence "Similar results were found…" (Last sentence, Para. 1) means______.A. the measurement of patient's heart and lung function drops when without visitorB. human volunteers only can't provide help for the patient's heart and lung functionC. patient's heart and lung work more effectively when visited by dog and volunteerD. none of the above37. How can we know the heart patient is feeling better according to the study?A. When the anxiety measurement doesn't change.B. When the patient's level of epinephrine drops.C. When he expresses feelings of being loved by visitors.D. When he shows the willingness to communicate with people.38. Which one is used by researchers to determine the benefit of having a dog visitor?A. Blood pressure measurement.B. Happiness measurement.C. Anxiety measurement.D. Heart rhythm measurement.39. To which of the following statements would Ms. Cole most likely agree?A. Involve pet therapy into normal cures.B. Feed pets in every family.C. Use the dogs in scientific research.D. Avoid patient's encounter with dogs.40. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?A. People should provide moderate places for dogs in the hospitals.B. The benefits of being with dogs for heart patients can't last long.C. Encountering dogs will cause the abnormal heart rate of patients.D. Study identifies that dog can be the heart patients' best friend.(3)Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin "autic", meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called "sub hasta", meaning "under the spear", a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold "by the candle"; a short candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be made while it was burning.Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, fruit, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and works of art. The auction rooms at Chritie's and Sotheby's in London and New York are world famous.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a "lot", is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling, and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his advice that a seller wilt fix a "reserve" price, that is, a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a "knock-out", whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to bid against each other, but nominate one of themselves as the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a "knockout" comes off, the real auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the dealers.41. The end of bidding is called "knocking down" because______.A. the auctioneer knocks on the table______.B. The auctioneer names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goodsC. the goods are knocked down onto the tableD. the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer42. In England a candle used to burn at auction sales______.A. because the auction sales took place at nightB. as a signal for the crowd to gatherC. to keep the auction room warmD. to limit the time when offers of prices could be made45. In the sentence "The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war," the word "spoils" most probablymeans______.A. useless goodsB. spearsC. various kinds of foodD. property taken from the enemy44. The auctioneer may decide to sell the "lots" out of order because______.A. he sometimes wants to confuse the buyersB. he knows from experience that certain people will want to buy certain itemsC. he wants to keep certain people waitingD. he wants to reduce the number of buyers45. An auction catalogue gives buyers______.A. the current market values of the goodsB. details of the goods to be soldC. the order in which goods are to be soldD. free admission to the auction sale(4)It is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses. In the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bosses went down. Millionaires are now commonplace.Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers. It is not the boss' job to worry about the well-being of his subordinates although the man with many enemies will be swept out more quickly in hard times; it is the company he worries about. His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of his company and the industry so he goes home nightly with a full briefcase. At the very top—and on the way up—executives are exceedingly dedicated.The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual. Although his wife may be on the board of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits. His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields. Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing.These days, he probably attempts some form of aerobic exercise to "keep the old heart in shape" and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running. But his doctor's admonition to "take it easy" falls on deaf ears. He likes to work. He knows there are younger men nipping at his heels.Corporate head-hunting, carried on by "executive search firms", is a growing industry. America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly mid each other's managerial ranks.46. We can infer from the second paragraph that______.A. promotion depends on amiabilityB. chief executives do not work hard enough at the top levelC. it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his subordinatesD. a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the industry47. The term "aerobic exercise" is a kind of______.A. hallucination exerciseB. physical exerciseC. meditation exerciseD. entertainment48. From the last paragraph we can gather that______.A. there are too many aggressive executivesB. individual talent is not essential for a companyC. the job of an "executive search firms" is corporate head-huntingD. it is not common for companies to undermine each other's managerial ranks49. For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a place where______.A. they can conduct their businessB. they can indulge themselvesC. they can cultivate their mindD. they can exercise as well as socialize50. What is NOT true according to the article?A. Executives tend to ignore doctor's advice and warnings.B. Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C. All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D. Executives are careful of what they eat.Paper TwoPart ⅢClozeDirections: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.The first farm animal Jack ever (51) from a stockyard was a lamb (52) Hilda. aam Sanctuary, 180 acres of vegan heaven in the Finger Lakes region of upstate New York. (53) , Jack was living in a school bus near a tofu factory in Pennsylvania and (54) hot dogs (55) support his animal (56) operation. Now, more than a thousand animals once (57) for the slaughterhouse live here and on another Farm Sanctuary property in California. Farm Sanctuary has a $ 5.7 million budget, fed (58) part by a donor club named (59) his (60) Hilda. Supporters can (61) or a Farm Sanctuary MasterCard. As Farm Sanctuary has grown, (62) too has its influence. Soon, due in part (63) the organization's work, veal calves and pregnant pigs in Arizona (64) be kept in cages so. tight they can' t (65) . Eggs from cage-free hens have become so popular that there is a national shortage. A law in Chicago (66) the sale of foie gras.All of these developments reflect the maturation and sophistication of Jack and others in a network of animal activists who have more control (67) America's dinner table than (68) before. The gap (69) animal lovers and animal lovers who love to eat them is exactly (70) Jack, a man who eats noodles with margarine, soy sauce and brewer's yeast would like to close.51. A. killed B. rescued C. bought D. sold52. A. be named B. naming C. was named D. named53. A. Since then B. But then C. Before then D. Till then54. A. eating B. banning C. selling D. recycling55. A. for B. to C. in order D. so as56. A. rescue B. protect C. heal D. ransom57. A. decided B. sentenced C. sold D. destined58. A. by B. in C. of D. with59. A. before B. after C. with D. for60. A. loving B. loved C. beloved D. lovely61. A. sign in B. sign up C. sign over D. sign off62. A. only B. therefore C. but D. so63. A. of B. for C. from D. to64. A. can't B. will C. won't D. ought to65. A. turn back B. turn around C. turn over D. turn out66. A. forbids B. bans C. denies D. rejects67. A. over B. on C. about D. by68. A. ever B. long C. over D. as69. A. with B. between C. separating D. combining70. A. what B. that C. which D. forPart IV TranslationSection ADirections: Put the following passage into Chinese.As an anthropologist, I was skeptical about the ability to define and select intangible cultural treasures and address the many questions that could be raised about the concept. But one could take heart that in the age of globalization, local cultureshave survived, and sometimes even flourished. One would appreciate that in an age of constant innovation, tradition had some lasting value. The power and tenacity of the selected traditions and their practitioners was palpable. One can only hope that with local, national, and now international action plans in place, they will continue to inspire future generations.Section BDirections: Put the following passage into English.大多专家同意贫困国家技术工人的大批离去是有其深刻的经济、社会和政治原因的。

复旦大学考博英语词汇练习题及参考资

复旦大学考博英语词汇练习题及参照资料( 10 ) 一、根据复旦大学考博英语考试大纲规定,每年词汇题共30小题，每题0.5分，共15分。

估计测试时间（25分钟）如下为华慧考博网教务辅导团体编著资料。

241. One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a __ operation, he quickly recovered hissight.[ A ] precise [ B ] considerate[ C ] delicate [ D ] sensitive242. There's a whole __ of bills waiting to be paid.[ A ] stock [ B ] stack[ C ] number [ D ] sequence243. Please come and help me with this form because I don't know how toit.[ A ] set about [ B ] set off[ C ] set aside [ D ] set up244. Your story about the frog turning into a prince is __ nonsense.[ A ] shear [ B ] sheer[ C ] shield [ D ] sheet245. There is no easy solution to Japan's labor __[ A ] decline [ B ] vacancy[ C ] rarity [ D ] shortage246. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the resultthat incomes from taxation might actually[ A ] shrink [ 8 ] delay[ C ] disperse [ D ] sink247. A ~ of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.[ A ] shorthand [ B ] scheme[ C ] schedule [ D ] sketch248. My boss has always attended to the ~ of important business himself.[ A ] transaction [ B ] stimulation[ C ] transition [ D ] solution249. This book is a of radio scripts, in which we seek to explain how the words and expressions become part of our language.[ A ] collection [ B ] publication[ C ] volume [ D ] stack250. All parts of this sewing machine are __ so that it is very simple to get replacements for them.[ A ] mechanized [ B ] minimized[ C ] modernized [ D ] standardized251. The tragedy of the Challenger ~ an ongoing controversy on all aspects of America's spaceprogram.[ A ] arose [ B ] ignited[ C ] resulted [ D ] started252. John found a lost dog on the street and the local station to broadcast a poignant appeal forthe dog's owner to come forward.[ A ] informed [ B ] reminded[ C ] notified [ D ] startled253. The newly-buih Science Building seems __ enough to last a hundred years.[ A ] spacious [ B ] sophisticated[ C ] substantial [ D ] steady254. He failed to can3, ont some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to the conse-quences.[ A ] answer for [ B ] run into[ C ] abide by [ D ] step into255. You must stick to the plan, whatever happens.[ A ] severely [ B ] rigidly[ C ] strongly [ D ] stiffly256. As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both targets and moving targets.[ A ] stationary [ B ] standing[ C ] stable [ D ] still257. The survey found that Hungary __ as the most environment-conscious country of East Europe.[ A ] broke out [ B ] held ont[ C ] ran ont [ D ] stood ont258. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by __ them that I managed to get them on.[ A ] spreading [ B ] extending[ C ] squeezing [ D ] stretching259. He underwent four operations in two weeks.[ A ] excessive [ B ] extensive[ C ] intensive [ D ] successive260. The book contained a large __ of information.[ A ] deal [ B ] amount[ C ] number [ D ] sam261. The California forest fires, which were regarded yesterday as 'almost under control, __ againduring the night.[ A ] flared up [ B ] kept up[ C ] sent over [ D ] swept through262. Communication is the process of a message from a source to an audience via a channel.[ A ] transmitting [ B ] submitting[ C ] transforming [ D ] switching263. Parents have a legal to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suit-able to their age.[ A ] impulse [ B ] obligation[ C ] influence [ D ] sympathy264. Bob was completely __ by the robber's disguise.[ A ] taken away [ B ] taken down[ C ] taken to [ D ] taken in265. Jim isn't , but he did badly in the final exams last semester.[ A ] gloomy [ B ] dull[ C ] awkward [ D ] tedious266. I am sure 1 can him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night.[ A ] speak [ B ] talk[ C ] say [ D ] tell267. The neighborhood boys like to play basketball on that __ lot.[ A ] valid [ B ] vain[ C ] vacant [ D ] vague268. After having gone __ far, George did not want to turn back.[ A ] enough [ B ] much[ C ] such [ D ] that269. If English is not our first language you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the nativespeaker of English does not even have to __[ A ] think ont [ B ] think about[ C ] think over [ D ] think for270. The political future of the president is now hanging by a __[ A ] rope [ B ] cord[ C ] string [ D ] thread。

复旦大学考博英语模拟试题及其解析

复旦大学考博英语模拟试题及其解析Flatfish,such as the flounder,are among the few vertebrates thatlack approximate bilateral symmetry(symmetry in which structures tothe left and right of the body’s midline are mirror images).Moststriking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish iseye placement:before maturity one eye migrates,so that in an adultflatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.While in mostspecies with asymmetries virtually all adults share the same Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xiquan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi asymmetry,membersof the starry flounder species can be either left-eyed(both eyes onthe left side of head)or right-eyed.In the waters between the UnitedStates and Japan,the starry flounder populations vary from about50percent left-eyed off the United States West Coast,through about70percent left-eyed halfway between the United States and Japan,tonearly100percent left-eyed off the Japanese coast.Biologists call this kind of gradual variation over a certaingeographic range a“cline”and interpret clines as strongindications that the variation is adaptive,a response toenvironmental differences.For the starry flounder thisinterpretation implies that a geometric difference(between fish thatare mirror images of one another)is adaptive,that left-eyedness inthe Japanese starry flounder has been selected for,which provokesa perplexing question:what is the selective advantage in having botheyes on one side rather than on the other?The ease with which a fish can reverse the effect of the sidedness of its eye asymmetry simply by turning around has caused biologists to study internal anatomy,especially the optic nerves,for the answer. In all flatfish the optic nerves cross,so that the right optic nerve is joined to the brain’s left side and vice versa.This crossing introduces an asymmetry,as one optic nerve must cross above or below the other.G.H.Parker reasoned that if,for example,a flatfish’s left eye migrated when the right optic nerve was on top,there would be a twisting of nerves,which might be mechanically disadvantageous. For starry flounders,then,the left-eyed variety would be selected against,since in a starry flounder the left optic nerve is uppermost.The problem with the above explanation is that the Japanese starry flounder population is almost exclusively left-eyed,and natural selection never promotes a purely less advantageous variation.As other explanations proved equally untenable,biologists concluded that there is no important adaptive difference between left-eyedness and right-eyedness,and that the two characteristics are genetically associated with some other adaptively significant characteristic. This situation is one commonly encountered by evolutionary biologists, who must often decide whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral.As for the left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish, their difference,however striking,appears to be an evolutionary red herring.1.According to the text,starry flounder differ form most other species of flatfish in that starry flounder[A]are not basically bilaterally symmetric.[B]do not become asymmetric until adulthood.[C]do not all share the same asymmetry.[D]have both eyes on the same side of the head.2.Which of the following best describes the organization of the text as a whole?[A]A phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected.[B]A generalization is made and supporting evidence is supplied and weighed.[C]A contradiction is noted and a resolution is suggested and then modified.[D]A series of observations is presented and explained in terms of the dominant theory.3.The text supplies information for answering which of the following questions?[A]Why are Japanese starry flounder mostly left-eyed?[B]Why should the eye-sidedness in starry flounder be considered selectively neutral?[C]Why have biologists recently become interested in whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral?[D]How do the eyes in flatfish migrate?4.Which of the following is most clearly similar to a cline as it is described in the second paragraph of the text?[A]A vegetable market in which the various items are grouped according to place of origin.[B]A wheat field in which different varieties of wheat are planted to yield a crop that will bring the maximum profit.[C]A flower stall in which the various species of flowers are arranged according to their price.[D]A housing development in which the length of the front struts supporting the porch of each house increases as houses are built up the hill.5.Which of the following phrases from the text best expresses the author’s conclusion about the meaning of the difference between left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish?[A]“Most striking”(line3,paragraph1)[B]“variation is adaptive”(line2,paragraph2)[C]“mechanically disadvantageous”(line7,paragraph3)[D]“evolutionary red herring”(line9,paragraph4)[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】C【考点解析】这是一道细节推导题。

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When it comes to _____, we can hardly avoid the thought that _____. (If there is anything that plagues the human society today, it is _____.) It is quite obvious that we now face a great challenge. _____ has become a big concern in recent years. It has become a hotly discussed issue. There has been a growing concern among the general public over the impact of _____ on our society. People are beginning to see it as an important event in their life.There is no doubt/denying that _____ plays an important part in our life. People attach great importance to _____. It is well known that _____. It has a great impact on our society. If we focus our effort on _____, we can expect to get good results and a lot of people will benefit from our work. There is hardly a better example than the fact that _____. When _____ is completed, more people will have access to ______. We should take advantage of the situation and make use of _____. This will do a lot of good to _____.From what has been said above, we find that attitudes towards this problem vary from person to person. However, as a coin has two sides, there is a good side and a bad side to everything. People are beginning to worry about _____. To make our world to better place to live in, it is necessary to take measures to _____. On the one hand, the governmentshould play a major role in making policies to ______. On the other hand, the general public should be aware of the importance of _____.07年试题Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic "Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams". Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below.中央电视台“圆梦行动”的公益节目旨在动员社会力量捐助贫困学子圆大学之梦。

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