高二英语学案units 19-20
高一Units19-20（人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计）
高一Units19-20（人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计）[教学目的]强化所学知识，温故知新，掌握一定的解题方法。
[教学重点]掌握重点词汇和短语。
[教学难点]同义词辨析[重点词汇]：promise, pretend, offer, refuse, come out, include(contain), develop, describe, remove, support, cross, character, press, print, tie,[重点词组]：pick up, agree to sth., lie to sb., throw away, call at, at the same timeenjoy doing, look down upon, to everyone’s surprise, find out, come out, cut…into, find out, the rest of., by doing sth., be+ adj.+ to do.[重点句型和交际用语]：1. It seems that…. 6. I’m not sure.2. I don’t think so. 7. Do you call that…?3. That’s not fair. 8. How did… come out?4. I believe…. 9. What’s the problem with…?5. I guess…. 10. too+adj.+for sb./sth…(to do)课时安排：第一课时：知识梳理第二课时：词语归纳、拓展第三课时：创新跨越训练第四、五课时：《导学教程》练习[重点语言点详解]1. 1)agree with “同意,赞成” ，后接人或表示“意见；观点；看法”的词。
1>You’d better agree with your boss/her. 你最好还是同意老板/她的意见。
高二英语教案：人教版高二Unit 19
人教版高二Unit 19Unit 19 Period 3 Let’s study!(Grammar Review Direct and Indirect Speech)Goals◆Help the students to learn new words and phrases.◆Help the students to summarize the usage of the indirect speech.ProceduresLeading in: by presentation.Good morning, class. Yesterday we learned the first part of the play “The Merchant of Venice”. Now I want one of you to retell the story in your o wn words.Task 1: Word study.1. Turn to Word Study on page 69 and do the exercises.2. Explain some words and phrases.Task 2: Review Direct and Indirect Speech.1. Now it’s time for us to review the Indirect Speech. First of all we will do some exerc ises. Please change the following sentences into indirect speech.1) He said to me, “Don’t touch the machine”.2) He said, “I will call on my uncle tomorrow”.3) He said to me, “Did you see the play yesterday?”4) He said to her, “How long have you had the car?”2. Summing up. 直接引语和间接引语一、人称代词的变化直接引语变间接引语时，人称代词的变化一般规律是：第一人称→第三人称；第二人称→第一人称；第三人称→第三人称，简记为“二一、一三、三留三”。
2019-2020年高二英语学案Units 19-20(B2)新课标 人教版
2019-2020年高二英语学案Units 19-20(B2)新课标人教版【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语1．接双宾语的动词（1）常见的能接双宾语的动词有:accord, advance, award, bring, deal, forward, give, grant, band, lease, leave, lend, loan, mail, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, post, read, rent, repay, sell, send, serve, show, sing, take, reach, tell, write.（2）另有一批动词, 也可跟两个宾语, 但把间接宾语放在后面时, 要改为由for引导的短语.例如:Father bought me a camera. (跟两个宾语)Father bought a camera for me. (包含for引导的短语)这类动词常见的有:book, bring, build, buy, cook, cut, design, fetch, find, fix, get, leave, make, mix, order, paint, pick, play, prepare, reserve, save, set, sing, spare.2．常见的与hand连用的短语:an old hand内行, 过来人at first hand直接at hand在手边, 在附近at second hand第二手的, 间接的by hand用手, 用体力hand in hand手拉手on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面Hands off! 请勿动手!Hands up! 不许动, 举起手来!from hand to mouth现挣现吃地, 仅够糊口地give sb. a big hand 给某人热烈鼓掌Many hands make light work. 人多好办事/人多力量大3．学会用时间“time”time一词很普通，是常挂在嘴边的词, 试试翻译下列口语中常用的句子：1．What’s the time?2．(How) Time flies!3．Take your time!4． (Only) Time will tell.Keys: 1. 现在几点？ 2. 时间过得真快！ 3. 别着急！（慢慢来!） 4. 时间会说明一切。
高二英语下册Unit 19教案
Unit 19 ReadingThe merchant of Venice福州三中金山校区英语组卢桂珍教学目标：知识与技能：Learn some useful phrases and important sentences:have mercy on show mercy to pass judgement onYou might as well go stand upon the beach.If you offered me six times what you have just offered,…How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?过程与方法：1.Learn something about Shakespeare and his works.2.Watch a video and learn to enjoy the development of a play.情感态度与价值观：Learn to analyse the characters of persons according to what they said and did.Learn about the good qualities a person should have.教学重点:1.Master some useful phrases and important sentences:2. Learn how to understand and master the development of a play.教学难点：1.Learn to analyse the characteristics of different persons in a play.2.Learn to understand the deeper meanings of some sentences.e.g. I’ll pay him back with all my heart.Have you brought something to weigh the flesh? A balance?教学准备：a projector、a computer、 video resources 、a tape recorder 教学课时：one period教学过程：Step 1 Lead-in1.GuessGive the students some clues,and ask them to guess who the person is.maleEnglishplaywrightRomeo and JulietTo be or not to be: that is the questionHe is William Shakespeare. (The students say it out together.)2.Introduction to ShakespeareLived from 1564 to 1616Playwright: tragedies comedies historical playsPoet: poems sonnetsFour greatest tragedies:Hamlet Othello King Lear MacbethSome great comedies:The merchant of Venice A midsummer night’s dreamTwelfth night All’s well that ends wellAfter the students say something about him,the teacher say:And among these, The merchant of Venice is his most outstanding comedy.3.Main idea of the playI’m sure some of our students have read this play before. Now who can tell me the main idea of the play?After the students stated their ideas, help them conclude what they said in one sentence: Antonio and Bassanio were not able to pay back the money borrowed from Shylock, so Shylock started demanding his pound of flesh.Then the teacher say:But did Shylock succeed in doing so?What will happen next?So today we are going to read Unit 19 The merchant of Venice. From the passage, you will get the answer.Step 2 Fast reading1.Main characters and their relationshipsAsk the students to read the passage quickly, try to find out the main characters.And then show the students a picture and ask them to show their relationships. (Ask one student to the blackboard to write down their relationships.)2.True or falseDo a true or false exercise, then correct the mistakes and give some explanations.1.Shylock hated Antonio and wanted to take the chance to kill him.2. Shylock accepted Bassanio’s offer.3. Portia, Bassanio’s wife, pretended to be a judge.4. Portia agreed to change the law a little.3. Multiple choiceAsk the students to choose the best answers.Step 3 Careful reading1.Watch one part of the video, and answer some simple questions.(1)What did Portia ask Shylock to do?(2)What did Bassanio offer to do after Portia appeared?(3)What was Shylock’s reply?2.Watch the other part of the video. Try to grasp how the play develops.The development of the playProblem 开端Rising action 发展Climax 高潮Outcome 结局3．Further understandingGive the students two more questions that are a bit difficult.(1)What are the two meanings of “I’ll pay him back with all my heart”?(2)A classical balance is often used as a symbol for The merchant of Venice.What is a balance used to do?Why did Portia ask Shylock whether he brought a balance ?Step 4 Explanation1.You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.may/might as well do sth 还是做某事好；不如做某事e.g. There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed.2.If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take mypound of flesh.if=even if 即使，引导让步状语从句。
高二英语教案：高二英语下学期unit.19 教案
教学目标1．重点词汇、短语、句型结构1 )greedy, mercy, desire, trial, bless2) be in love with, on condition, scold sb. for sth., have mercy on, read out, take. . . in one s arm s, at the mercy of, play the role of, be seated, take pride in, do the deed3)1 never knew so young a lady with so wise a head.2．课文掌握程度通过对本单元的学习，了解正义终究会战胜邪恶，同时应了解到友情、亲情是取得成功的必要保障。
3．重点语法复习不定式的用法动词不定式的一般式、进行式、完成式以及被动形式1.动词不定式的一般式由to + 动词原形构成，表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时或之后发生。
用法见本单元【知识扩展】1．2.动词不定式的进行式由to be + 动词的-ing形式构成，表示谓语的动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。
主要用来构成复合谓语、复合宾语，在某些动词后作宾语，间或作状语、主语等。
如：Some people in the crowd seemed to be fighting．人群中有几人似乎在打架。
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here．我们没想到你在这儿等我们。
He pretended to be working hard．他假装在努力工作。
I am glad to be working with you．我很高兴和你在一起工作。
3.动词不定式的完成式由to have + 过去分词构成，表示的动作在渭语所表示的动作之前发生。
常在句中构成复合谓语，在某些动词后作宾语，在某些形容词后作状语，间或作主语、定语等。
高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19-20
高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19-20高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19-20☆重点句型☆1 She dressed herself as a laer’s ler2 I ffer u six ties hat u have ust ffered3 I never ne s ung a bd ith s ise a head4 u shall get ustieIt’s sill f sb t d sth6 He has n hie but t r7 I’d e t if 1 had tie t spare8 I ffer ten ties the ne that Antni has brred9 It is nt et nn h these ere nveed ver a dis- tane f 380 iletres10 In ters f tehnial develpent, peple ere ging fr the Stne Age t the Brnze Age☆重点词汇☆1 erhant n 商人2 den v 否定3 ene n 敌人4 reasnable ad 合乎情理的eaness n 弱点6 udgeent n 判断7 gentlean n 绅士8 greeting n 问候9 env vt ≈ n 嫉妒10 ause vt 指控11 frtune n 机会12 bargain n ≈ ad 讨价还价(的)13 bless vt 保佑14 legal ad 法定的1 deed n 行动16 requireent n 需要17 delare vt 宣布18 urt n 法庭19 ustie n 公正20 therefre adv 因此21 rth ad 值得的22 er n 仁慈23 punish vt 惩罚24 rder vt ≈ n 命令2 eperr n 皇帝26 lthing n 衣服27 dzen n (一) 打28 spare ad 额外的vt 腾出29 average ad 平均的30 apan vt 陪伴31 qualit n 数量32 square ad 平方的n 广场☆重点短语☆1 pa ba 偿还2 have er n 对……表示怜悯3 at the er f 任由……摆布4 g abut 着手干as far as I n 就我所知6 tear up 撕毁7 g dn n ne’s nees 跪下8 tend t 趋于9 in ters f 就……而言10 in the ees f 在……看11 1end a hand 帮助12 serve as 作为13 a / ight as ell d sth 还是做某事好14 be seated 就座1 tae sb in ne’ s ars 拥抱某人16 have a hand in 插手☆短语闯关☆下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1 pa ____ 偿还；报答2 have er ____ 对……表示怜悯3 g ____ 开始做；着手干4 as ____ as I n 就我所知tear ____ 撕毁；取消(合同等)6 ____ the er f任由……摆布或控制7 g dn ____ ne’s nees 跪下8 tend ____ 朝某方向；趋于9 ____ ters f 就…而言；用……的话；以…的观点10 in the ____ f在……看11 lend a ____ 帮助12 serve ____ 作为；当作13 dig ____ 挖出；掘起14 have a ____ in 参与；插手；对某事负部分责任1 reind sb ____ sth 使某人想起……；提醒16 have sb ____ ur per 使某人在你的控制下17 date t (=date fr) 追溯到……18 tae ____ 发生19 be ____ 坐下20 ut ____ 切断；割掉；剪掉21 ffer ____ 奉献；献出；献上22 tae ____ 拿走；拿开23 send ____ 让走开24 ____ least反正；无论如何；至少2 lin 把……和……联系起☆交际用语☆1 rret e i f I’ rng, but2 ne f the st iprtant fats is3 As far as I n4, u shuldn’t frget thatu uld, fr exaple6 hat shuldn’t be frgtten is7 I nder hat I h8 I’d lie t n re abut ,9 hat I’d reall lie t find ut is10 I’ urius abut☆单词聚焦☆13 apan vt1) 陪伴She apanied e t the dtr’s / The inister as apanied b his seretar t the hspital2) 伴随Lightning usuall apanies thunder3) 伴奏The ell-nn singer ≈S apanied at the eletrial rgan b his shl teaher7 bargain1) bargain n 交易，合同交易；协议；廉价买到的东西A barg ain’s a bargain / He ade a bargain ith his ife “u tae are f the hildren and I’ll “ / This aet is a real bargain at suh a l prie / It’s a real bargain2) bargain vi (常与ith，fr连用) 讲价；谈条If u bargain ith the the ight redue the prie, she bargain- ed ith the trader till he sld her the fruit heapl [比较]harge n 费用，价钱；v 要价，收费harge sb se ne fr (ding) sth 因做某事向人索价此外，harge还可作“看管，负责”解。
2020高三英语复习系列学案Chapter21 SBII Unit19-Unit20 人教版
2020高三英语复习系列学案Chapter21 SBII Unit19-Unit20☆重点句型☆1. She dressed herself as a lawyer's clerk.2. I offer you six times what you have just offered.3. I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.4. You shall get justice.5. It's silly of sb. to do sth.6. He has no choice but to cry.7. I'd come to if 1 had time to spare.8. I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed.9. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a dis- tance of 380 kilometres.10. In terms of technical development, people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.☆重点词汇☆1. merchant n. 商人2. deny v. 否定3. enemy n. 敌人4. reasonable adj. 合乎情理的5. weakness n. 弱点6. judgement n. 判断7. gentleman n. 绅士8. greeting n. 问候9. envy vt. & n. 嫉妒10. accuse vt. 指控11. fortune n. 机会12. bargain n. & adj. 讨价还价(的)13. bless vt. 保佑14. legal adj. 法定的15. deed n. 行动16. requirement n. 需要17. declare vt. 宣布18. court n. 法庭19. justice n. 公正20. therefore adv. 因此21. worthy adj. 值得的22. mercy n. 仁慈23. punish vt. 惩罚24. order vt. & n. 命令25. emperor n. 皇帝26. clothing n. 衣服27. dozen n. (一) 打28. spare adj. 额外的 vt. 腾出29. average adj. 平均的30. accompany vt. 陪伴31. quality n. 数量32. square adj. 平方的 n. 广场☆重点短语☆1. pay back 偿还2. have mercy on 对……表示怜悯3. at the mercy of 任由……摆布4. go about 着手干5. as far as I know 就我所知6. tear up 撕毁7. go down on one's knees 跪下8. tend to 趋于9. in terms of 就……而言10. in the eyes of 在……看来11. 1end a hand 帮助12. serve as 作为13. may / might as well do sth. 还是做某事好14. be seated 就座15. take sb. in one' s arms 拥抱某人16. have a hand in 插手☆短语闯关☆下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. pay ____ 偿还；报答2. have mercy ____ 对……表示怜悯3. go ____ 开始做；着手干4. as ____ as I know 就我所知5. tear ____ 撕毁；取消(合同等)6. ____ the mercy of任由……摆布或控制7. go down ____ one's knees 跪下8. tend ____ 朝某方向；趋于9. ____ terms of 就…而言；用……的话；以…的观点10. in the ____ of在……看来11. lend a ____ 帮助12. serve ____ 作为；当作13. dig ____ 挖出；掘起14. have a ____ in 参与；插手；对某事负部分责任15. remind sb ____ sth 使某人想起……；提醒16. have sb ____ your power 使某人在你的控制下17. date to (=date from) 追溯到……18. take ____ 发生19. be ____ 坐下20. cut ____ 切断；割掉；剪掉21. offer ____ 奉献；献出；献上22. take ____ 拿走；拿开23. send ____ 让走开24. ____ least反正；无论如何；至少25. link... 把……和……联系起来☆交际用语☆1. Correct me if I'm wrong, but ...2. One of the most important facts is ...3. As far as I know ...4, You shouldn't forget that ...5. You could, for example6. What shouldn't be forgotten is ...7. I wonder what I who ...8. I'd like to know more about ,..9. What I'd really like to find out is ...10. I' m curious about ...☆单词聚焦☆13. accompany vt.1) 陪伴 She accompanied me to the doctor's. / The minister was accompanied by his secretary to the hospital.2) 伴随 Lightning usually accompanies thunder.3) 伴奏 The well-known singer W&S accompanied at the electrical organ by his school teacher.7. bargain1) bargain n. 交易，合同交易；协议；廉价买到的东西A bargain's a bargain. / He made a bargain with his wife "You take care of the children and I'll cook." / This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. / It's a real bargain.2) bargain vi. (常与with，for连用) 讲价；谈条件 If you bargain with them they might reduce the price, she bargain- ed with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.[比较]charge n. 费用，价钱；v. 要价，收费 charge sb some money for (doing) sth. 因做某事向人索价此外，charge还可作“看管，负责”解。
高考英语高效学习方案 高二册 Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice
Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice(2009·江苏)鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。
它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。
但是，过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。
请你以鼠标为切入点，根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇短文。
注意：1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2．词数150左右；开头已经写好，不计入总词数；3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考答案]The_mouse_is_a_most_effective_device_used_by_people_to_communicate_with_a_computer.For most people, it’s almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet. A well－chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen. With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit text, browse web pages and download what we want. It can even bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games. Just imagine, all this can be done with a cute mouse.A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesn’t always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertipsleaves little room for knowledge pursuing. Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding truth. Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.Ⅰ.重点单词1．______(adj.) 错综复杂的；难解的2．______(n.) 公正；正义3．______(n.) 行动；所做之事4．______(vt.) 祝福；保佑5．______(n.) 协议；交易；廉价货(vi.) 讨价还价；谈判6．______(n.) 结果；后果；影响7．______(vt.) 指控；指责8．______(vt. & n．) 妒忌；羡慕9．______(vt.) 否认；拒绝给予[答案]1．complex 2.justice 3.deed 4.bless 5.bargain6．consequence 7.accuse 8.envy 9.denyⅡ.词汇拓展1．worthy→______(adj. & n．)有某种价值；价值；用处2．declare→______(n.)宣言；宣布3．requirement→______(v.)需要；请求；强迫4．judgement→______(n. & v．)审判官；法官；判断；审理5．reasonable→______(n. & v．)理由；理性；推理6．fortune→______(adj.)幸运的→______(adv.)幸运地7．mercy→______(adj.)→______(adj.)不仁慈的[答案]1．worth 2.declaration 3.require 4.judge 5.reason6．fortunate; fortunately 7.merciful; mercilessⅢ.重点短语1．cut ______ 切断；删去2．______ sea 在海上；茫然；不知所措3．______ the eyes of 在……看来4．go down ______ one’s knees 跪下5．______ the mercy of 任由……摆布或控制6．tear ______ 撕毁；取消(合同等)7．as ______ as 远到某处，到……程度8．go ______ 开始做；着手干9．have/take mercy ______ 对……表示怜悯10．pay ______ 偿还；报答[答案]1．off 2.at 3.in 4.on 5.at 6.up 7.far 8.about9．on 10.backⅣ.重点句型1．To be or not to be, that is the question.是生还是死，这是问题所在。
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高中二年级英语学案Units 19-20 (B2)【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语1．接双宾语的动词（1）常见的能接双宾语的动词有:accord, advance, award, bring, deal, forward, give, grant, band, lease, leave, lend, loan, mail, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, post, read, rent, repay, sell, send, serve, show, sing, take, reach, tell, write.（2）另有一批动词, 也可跟两个宾语, 但把间接宾语放在后面时, 要改为由for引导的短语.例如:Father bought me a camera. (跟两个宾语)Father bought a camera for me. (包含for引导的短语)这类动词常见的有:book, bring, build, buy, cook, cut, design, fetch, find, fix, get, leave, make, mix, order, paint, pick, play, prepare, reserve, save, set, sing, spare.2．常见的与hand连用的短语:an old hand内行, 过来人at first hand直接at hand在手边, 在附近at second hand第二手的, 间接的by hand用手, 用体力hand in hand手拉手on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面Hands off! 请勿动手!Hands up! 不许动, 举起手来!from hand to mouth现挣现吃地, 仅够糊口地give sb. a big hand 给某人热烈鼓掌Many hands make light work. 人多好办事/人多力量大3．学会用时间“time”time一词很普通，是常挂在嘴边的词, 试试翻译下列口语中常用的句子：1．What’s the time?2．(How) Time flies!3．Take your time!4．(Only) Time will tell.Keys: 1. 现在几点？ 2. 时间过得真快！3. 别着急！（慢慢来!） 4. 时间会说明一切。
time一词构成很多固定搭配，你知道它们的意义吗？in time 及时，迟早in no time 立刻，马上on time 准时，正点all the time 一直，始终time and again 一次又一次地，反复地（也说：time after time）at one time （过去）曾经，一度at a time 一次，每次a t the time 当时，那时候at times 有时候（sometimes）for the time being 目前，暂时keep up with the times 跟上潮流，不落后于时代二、词义辨析1．gentle; mild; soft的区别这组词都表示―温和的‖. 其区别是:（1）用于人时, gentle指―举动温和‖,侧重出于自我克制或对对方的体贴; mild侧重出于性格温柔; soft指―心肠软, 言语婉转‖.例如:The boy has gentle spirit.那男孩举止文雅I think the courts are too soft with these young offenders.我认为法院对这些犯法的年轻人太宽厚了.（2）用于物时, gentle可指事物运动变化的缓和; mild指适度, 祥和, 给人愉快的感觉; soft可指物质的表面柔软,光滑或声音的温和,低小等.例如:A warm, gentle breeze was coming from the sea.海面吹来一阵柔和的暖风.His eyes were no longer mild but glittered with a suppressed fury.他的目光不再温和, 而是迸射出压抑的怒火.2．certain; sure的区别（1）sure强调主观上, 心理上所信赖的事情, 含有自信, 有把握等含义. 该词还可作礼貌用语, 表示某事有可能但不太确定.例如:I’m dead sure.我绝对肯定You may be sure about his honesty.你可以确信他是诚实的I am sure of his living to 70.我确信他可以活到70岁Make sure of your facts before you accuse him.在你控诉他之前要事先确定事实Do you feel sure about it?你对此有把握吗?It is possible that he did so, but I am almost sure that he did not.他有可能这么做, 但我几乎可以肯定他没有这么做.（2）certain强调无可争辩的, 有肯定的理由和不容置疑的证据. 语气上强于sure.例如：It is certain to happen.这是一定要发生的He is certain of their loyalty.他对他们的忠心没有疑问The evidence is certain.证据确凿I think the train leaves at 8 o’clock but you ought to make certain.我想火车是8点钟开, 但你还是应该确认一下.One thing was certain: the movement would never accept a man with primarily left-wing views as Party leader.有一件事是确定的: 那就是这次运动绝不会接受持左翼观点的人做党的领袖.三、重点句型1．You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea. 你倒不如站在海滩上和大海争论.may/might as well do sth.是固定句式, 意为―还是做某事为好; 不如去做某事‖, 用于提供建议或要求.如:You may as well repeat the experiment.2．It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 试图与夏洛克争论是没用的.it is useless或it is (of) no use后常接动名词作真正的主语. 如:It is no use your running away.3．You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted! 你刚才要的是公正, 所以你会得到公正, 比你要的还要公正.shall在此作情态动词, 与第二人称连用, 表示许诺. 如:You shall have the money as soon as I get it.4．Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal. 在它们的旁边放着一块垫东西的石头, 这个人有可能在上面锻造金属.本句用了全部倒装结构. Next to them是介词短语作地点状语, lay是不及物动词, a cushion stone是名词作主语, 这些都是全部倒装结构的必要条件.如:On the stage sits a professor.upon which引出一个非限制性定语从句.如:I saw a table in the corner, upon which lay a pile of books.work此处用作及物动词, 意为―(用手)制造或加工‖.如:The farmer is working the soil.四、语法复习Review the use of “It”一、代词1．it的基本用法是用来指代上文所提到的事物.如:A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is.2．it, that, one, the one, the ones用于指代用法时的区别:it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they); one指代上文提及的, 泛指的可数名词单数(复数ones); that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词(复数those), the ones相当于these, those.3．指代不明身份或性别的人也用it; 指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可以用she/he.A: Who’s it (knocking at the door)?B: It’s me.The crowd moves on. No one tries to stop it.My car needs some more petrol. Let’s fill her up.二、虚义it:虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语, 如表示时间, 天气, 距离, 温度等概念的用法.When spring comes, it is getting warmer and warmer.It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing.It is only about half an hour’s ride from here to my home.It looks as if the college is very small.It seemed as though our plan would be perfect.三、形式it:由于句法结构的需要, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语后置.1．形式主语:不定式, 动名词以及主语从句作主语时, 为避免―头重脚轻‖, 要将真正的主语后置.It is/was difficult (easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, a pleasure…) (for sb.) to do sth.;1). It is/was kind (nice, wise, clever…) (of ab,) to do sth.;比较:Sb. is/was angry (ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, thankful…) to do sth.;2). It is better (interesting, tiring, enjoyable, funny, fun, a bore, a waste of time…) doing sth.;3). It is clear (plain, true, certain, sure, obvious…) that clause +陈述语气;4). It is important (necessary, strange, a pity…) +that clause +(should) do;5). It is a suggestion (my with) +that clause +(should) do;6) It is ordered +that clause+(should) do;7). Ii is high/very time that we should have lunch/had lunch here.It is the first/last time that we have had lunch here (just).It is the third time that we shall have lunch here (in a moment).2．形式宾语: 当不定式, 动名词, that从句作宾语, 又有自己的宾语补语时, 要用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语后置. 能够用于形式宾语句型的动词有think, make, find, consider, feel, take等.如:Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.The fisherman made it a rule that he never cast his net more than four times a day.The ancient people took it for granted that the earth was flat.We think it necessary reading aloud every morning to improve our English.四、强调it: 为了强调句子中的某一处, 可以用―It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他的句型.如:I met an old friend in the street last week.-It was I who met an old friend in the street last week. (强调主语)It was an old friend that I met in the street last week. (强调宾语)It was in the street that I met an old friend last week. 强调地点状语)It was last week that I met an old friend in the street. (强调时间状语)注意:一般强调时间不能用when, 强调地点不用where.【考点透视考例精析】[考点] 多个形容词修辞同一名词时的顺序。