燃料电池介绍英语ppt文稿
燃料电池专业知识 ppt课件
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气体扩散层GDL (gas diffusion layer)
作用：传质，导电，传热，支持催化层，导水 要求：高孔隙率，接触电阻小，内阻小，导热好，稳定性高不降解，强度高 材料：石墨化碳纸或碳布
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流场板FP （Flow Plate）
对于水冷流场，又称为双极板Bipolar-plate 作用：气体分配，集流，导热，密封 要求：重量小，高电导，高热导，耐腐蚀，耐压，低成本 材料：石墨，合金
燃料电池专业知识
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第一章 燃料电池原理和构成
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什么是燃料电池
定义： 燃料电池(Fuel Cell)是一种将存在于燃料与氧化剂中的化学能直接
转化为电能的发电装置。
燃料
氧化剂
电能
其他？
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Hydrogen
Fuel Cell
Oxygen Heat
Electric power
增程器 动力电池
电能
电机
机械能
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150~200公里
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整车 控制系 统
动力电池
燃料 电池
DC/DC
电机 控制 器
储氢 供氢系 统
车辆 附件总 成 燃料 电池附 件
驱动 电机
驱动桥
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DCDC
DC：直流电，direct current AC：交流电，Alternating current DCDC：直流到直流变换器，主要是将某个直流电压转化至另一个直流电压。 解决两个设备电压不匹配的问题。
作为锂离子电池负极材料-钛酸锂（区别于石墨），可与锰酸锂、三元材料或 磷酸铁锂等正极材料组成电池。
燃料电池讲解：PPT课件
这艘212型潜艇是世界上最现代化的常规潜艇。潜艇采用的 燃料电池推进系统可使潜 艇保持更长的潜航时间，更不容 易被敌人探测到。
德 国 海 军 新 一 代 燃 料 电 池 潜 艇 服 役
甲 醇 燃 料 電 池 ， 燃 料 電 池 的 层 狀 結 构
燃料电池其原理是一种电化学装置，其组成与一般电池相 同。其单体电池是由正负两个电极(负极即燃料电极和正 极即氧化剂电极)以及电解质组成。不同的是一般电池的 活性物质贮存在电池内部，因此，限制了电池容量。而燃 料电池的正、负极本身不包含活性物质，只是个催化转换 元件。因此燃料电池是名符其实的把化学能转化为电能的 能量转换机器。电池工作时，燃料和氧化剂由外部供给， 进行反应。原则上只要反应物不断输入，反应产物不断排 除，燃料电池就能连续地发电。这里以氢-氧燃料电池为 例来说明燃料电池 氢-氧燃料电池反应原理 这个反映是电觧水的逆过程。 电极应为： 负极：H2 +2OH-→2H2O +2e正极：1/2O2 +H2O+ 2e-→2OH电池反应：H2 +1/2O2==H2O
但是，由于多年来在燃料电池研究方面投入资金 数量很少，就燃料电池技术的总体水平来看，与 发达国家尚有较大差距。我国有关部门和专家对 燃料电池十分重视，1996年和1998年两次在香山 科学会议上对中国燃料电池技术的发展进行了专 题讨论，强调了自主研究与开发燃料电池系统的 重要性和必要性。近几年中国加强了在PEMFC方 面的研究力度
3，高效率的发电装置 4，分散型的发电装置 规模最大的可以替代火力发电或核能发电，用于 商业发电。不需要庞大的设备，不需要变送电系 统；与核能相比，发生事故的危险性较小。可以 建在大城市的近郊。规模稍小的可以建在住宅小 区、办公楼、厂区甚至城市的中心地带。可以减 少因长距离输送电力而产生的损耗。面向个人用 途的超小型燃料电池可以作为笔记本电脑和移动 便携电话的电源。
Fuel-cells简介图文(共38张PPT)
第20页，共38页。
B 固体炭燃料电池的探索
氢为燃料太贵，Grove之后许多学者对固体碳燃料电池进行了多方面 研究,但都未获成功
原因:
①碳很难进行电化学反应
②天然碳中含有灰分,不易清除且污染电解质 ③固体物质难于连续输送
第14页，共38页。
(3) SOFC, Solid oxide fuel cell
SOFC工作温度高达1000℃,反应速度快,不需要贵重金属做催化剂 不存在电解质腐蚀金属问题 碳氢化合物燃料可自动在燃料电池内部重整, 燃料中杂质对电池的性能、
寿命影响小 燃料转换效率高,高温余热可很好利用 主要问题： 固体氧化物电解质所用的陶瓷材料脆性大,目前仍很难制造出大面积
第18页，共38页。
3 燃料电池的发展
（1）试验室研究阶
段 相对比,内燃机的效率为22～23%。
主要开发项目：航天用碱性氢氧燃料电池。
1840～1952 90年代以来, 又一次燃料电池研究开发热潮
美、加、德、日等国已有近二十家公司从事电动车的研制和开发，采用Ballard公司的燃料电池从事电动车开发的公司有11家 (2) PAFC, phosphorous acid fuel cell 美国ERC公司早在70年代就进行MCFC研究, 80年代以后转为重点开发, 开发的2MW天然气内重整MCFC1994年底试运行, 1997年3月因
以上
理论转换效率：
G1TS
H H
第6页，共38页。
实际转换效率
第7页，共38页。
B 比能量和比功率高 封闭体系蓄电池与外界没有物质的交换, 比能量不会
燃料电池简介ppt文档
PEMFC的结构
电解质膜非常薄
电解质膜两边是一层薄的 催化剂和多孔的碳电极支 撑材料。
形成 电极-催化剂-膜-催化 剂-电极 结构。
结构示意图
PEMFC的优缺点
优点： 1.在所有燃料电池类型中功率密度最高； 2.有好的开关能力； 3.低温度工作环境使之适合便携式应用。
缺点： 1.电池材料成本高； 2.需要良好的动态水管理； 3.对CO和S的容忍度很差
16 公斤（35 磅）重的 UATC（包含了 6 公斤有效载 荷）可通过燃料电池动力系统实现 6 小时飞行，其 而没有毒气的排放。
谢谢
燃料电池简介
1.燃料电池的概述
燃料电池（full Cell）是一种将持续供给的燃料和氧 化剂中的化学能连续不断地直接转化为电能的电化 学装置。
燃料电池在原理和结构上和普通电池（battery）完 全不同。燃料电池的活性物质是存储在电池之外， 只要不断地供给燃料和氧化物就一直能发电，因而 容量是无限的。而电池的容量是有限的，活性物质 一旦消耗完，电池的寿命就终止。
4.燃料电池的应用
2017年10月12日，陆地方舟新型氢电混合燃料电池客 车在第十二届深圳国际物流与交通运输博览会(简称 “物博会”)上正式发布，新车为8.3米考斯特车型， 加氢5分钟，充电12分钟，续航可达550km，该车也 是我国发布的首台8米考斯特车型氢燃料电池客车。
垂直起降长续航燃料电池监测无人机亮相2017智慧 城市峰会。
1.2燃料电池的分类
根据其电解质的不同，燃料电池可分为5大类型：
1. 聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（PEMFC） 2.磷酸盐燃料电池（PAFC） 3.碱性燃料电池（AFC） 4.熔融碳酸盐燃料电池（MCFC） 5.固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）
燃料电池PPT
综合性能: 151 KW 综合油耗（升/100公里）
5.4
0到100公里/小时加速时间（8.5秒 )
结语
• 油价飙升、电价太贵，燃料电池成为未来 家庭能源供应相对便宜的选择，也是目前 最令人满意的解决方案。在固定电站、电 动车、军用特种电源、可移动电源等方面 都有广阔的应用前景。 • 高效、洁净的燃料电池必将在未来的高效、 清洁发电技术中占有一席之地。但是，资 金、技术、观念、基础设施上还有许多需 要克服的困难。
• .
Fuel cell vehicles (FCV)
• 一：The working principle :
氢 →燃料电池 &氧 →电能 →电动机 →输出 转矩→
二：Energy power
• The motor 电动轮
• The controller 驱动转矩和旋转方向 • The battery
The battery
• • • • • 比能量(E) 能量密度(Ed) 比功率(P) 循环寿命(L) 成本(C) 单位 :Wh/kg或Wh/L 量纲:KG/(ML) 单位:kW/kg或kw/T ？电池 使用寿命
。
• 铅酸电池 • 碱性电池 • 燃料电池 ==PEMFC
三：蓄电池驱动的超大力发展纯微型汽车
对产业的组织协调力度不够
/show/LXDQ7UEGgD37eJbsj8erg...html
• 纯电动汽车相关基础设施的建设十分落后
立足混合动力。逐步过渡到纯电动 汽车
Lexus Hybrid Drive
LEXUSES300h
燃料电池简介PPT课件
燃料
高纯H2
H2
H2
H2-CO CH4
H2-CO CH4
氧化剂
高纯O2
空气
空气
空气+CO2
空气
电解质
KOH
H3PO4 质子交换膜 (K,Li)2CO3 Y2O3,ZrO2
阳极催化剂
Pt
阴极催化剂
Pt
Pt
Pt
Pt
Pt
CHENLI
Ni
Ni, ZrO2
NiO
La-SrMnO2
6
燃料电池的分类
按燃料电池所用原始燃料的类型，可大致 分为
CHENLI
3
燃料电池的基负极和夹在正负极中间的电解质板所组 成。工作时向负极供给燃料（氢），向正极供给氧化剂（空气）。氢在负极 分解成正离子H+和电子e-。氢离子进入电解液中，而电子则沿外部电路移向 正极。在正极上，空气中的氧同电解液中的氢离子吸收抵达正极上的电子形 成水。
采用200℃高温下的磷酸作为其电解质
熔融碳酸盐型燃料电池（Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell,MCFC）
采用熔融态碳酸盐作为其电解质
固体氧化物型燃料电池（Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC）
采用固态电解质
固体聚合物燃料电池（Solid Polymer Fuel Cell,SPFC,又称为质子交换膜 燃料电池，Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC）
氢燃料电池
通用汽车公司已研制成功使用液氢燃料电池产生动 力的零排放概念车“氢动一号”，该车加速快，操 作灵活，从0~100km/h加速仅16秒，最高时速可达 140km/h，续驰里程400km。
燃料电池发言稿英文
燃料电池发言稿英文Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening! It is my great honor to have the opportunity to speak to you today about fuel cells, a revolutionary technology that has the potential to change the way we produce and use energy. As the world continues to grapple with the challenges of climate change and the need for sustainable energy sources, fuel cells offer an exciting and promising solution.First, let me provide a brief overview of what fuel cells are and how they work. Fuel cells are devices that convert the chemical energy of a fuel, such as hydrogen, into electricity through an electrochemical process. Unlike conventional combustion-based power generation, which produces emissions and pollutants, fuel cells produce electricity with minimal environmental impact. They are highly efficient and can be used in a variety of applications, from stationary power generation for buildings and industrial facilities to portable and mobile power for transportation.One of the key advantages of fuel cells is their ability to use a variety of fuels, including hydrogen, natural gas, and biofuels. This flexibility makes them a versatile and adaptable technology that can be tailored to different energy needs and sources. Furthermore, fuel cells produce no harmful emissions and pollutants, making them an ideal solution for addressing air quality issues and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, hydrogen fuel cells, in particular, emit only water and heat as byproducts, making them a truly clean and renewable energy source.In recent years, significant advancements have been made in fuel cell technology, leading to increased efficiency, lower costs, and improved performance. As a result, fuel cells are now being deployed in a wide range of applications, from power generation and backup power for critical infrastructure to transportation and material handling. These developments have created new opportunities for the widespread adoption of fuel cells and have sparked growing interest and investment in the technology.Let me now turn to the potential impact of fuel cells on the global energy landscape. With the increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy, fuel cells have the potential to play a critical role in diversifying our energy sources and reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. By providing a reliable and scalable alternative to traditional power generation, fuel cells can help to strengthen energy security, reduce energy costs, and promote economic development.Furthermore, fuel cells can serve as an important enabler of the transition to a hydrogen economy, in which hydrogen is used as a clean and renewable energy carrier. As interest in hydrogen grows, fueled by its potential applications in transportation, industry, and energy storage, fuel cells are poised to play a central role in the development of a hydrogen infrastructure. This infrastructure would support the production, distribution, and utilization of hydrogen, creating new opportunities for sustainable energy production and consumption.In addition to their environmental and economic benefits, fuel cells also have the potential to improve energy access and reliability inremote and off-grid areas. By providing a clean and reliable source of electricity, fuel cells can help to address the energy needs of communities that are not connected to the grid or are located in areas with limited access to traditional energy sources. This can have a significant impact on the quality of life and economic opportunities for these communities, while also contributing to the overall resilience of our energy systems.While the potential of fuel cells is clear, there are still challenges that need to be addressed in order to fully realize their benefits. These challenges include the need to further reduce the costs of fuel cell systems, expand the availability of hydrogen infrastructure, and improve the durability and performance of fuel cell technology. In addition, there is a need to address regulatory and policy barriers that can hinder the adoption of fuel cells and the development of a hydrogen economy.To overcome these challenges and unlock the full potential of fuel cells, collaboration and partnership between industry, government, academia, and other stakeholders are crucial. By working together to advance research and development, support the deployment of fuel cell technologies, and create an enabling policy environment, we can accelerate the transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy future.In conclusion, fuel cells have the potential to revolutionize the way we produce and use energy, offering a clean, efficient, and versatile solution that can address the challenges of climate change, air quality, and energy security. With continued innovation and investment, fuel cells can play a central role in the transition to amore sustainable and resilient energy system, creating new opportunities for economic growth, environmental stewardship, and energy access for all.Thank you for your attention, and I look forward to continuing the conversation about the exciting potential of fuel cells and the role they can play in shaping our energy future. Let's work together to realize this potential and build a more sustainable and prosperous world for future generations. Thank you.。
燃料电池(课件)
得失电子数目的求算
燃料分子失电子的数目，可根据整体化合价变化情况 进行求算，也可以直接根据分子所含的原子数目进行 计算。1mol的CxHyOz失去电子的数目为4x+y－ 2z(碳四氢一氧减二)。我们可以计算，每个C₃H₈失电 子数为4×3+1×8＝20，每个C₂H₅OH分子失电子数 为4×2+1×6－2＝12。
电解质为固体电解质 （如固体氧化锆—氧 化钇）O2＋4e-=2O2-。
燃料电池负极反应式的书写
产物判断规则
一般来说，负极反应物一般为燃料，常常含有碳元素和 氢元素，有时也含有氧元素。在酸性溶液(如硫酸溶液) 下，负极燃料失电子，C元素变为+4价，转化为CO₂； H元素转化为H⁺，氧元素结合H⁺转化为水。在碱性溶 液(如氢氧化钠溶液)下，负极燃料失电子，C元素转化 为碳酸根离子，+1价的氢元素不能在碱性条件下以离 子形态稳定存在，结合OHˉ生成水，氧元素变成氢氧根 离子或者水。
谢谢
燃料电池
基础知识
燃料电池（Fuel cell），是一种不经过燃烧，将燃料化学能经过电化学反 应直接转变为电能的装置。它和其它电池中的氧化还原反应一样，都是自 发的化学反应，不会发出火焰，其化学能可以直接转化为电能，且废物排 放量很低。其中燃料电池电化学反应的最终产物与燃料燃烧的产物相同
基础知识
燃料电池的两极材料都是用多孔碳、多孔镍、铂、钯等兼有催化剂特性 的惰性金属，两电极的材料相同。 燃料电池的电极是由通入气体的成分来决定。通入可燃物的一极为负极 ，可燃物在该电极上发生氧化反应；通入空气或氧气的一极为正极，氧 气在该电极上发生还原反应。
量为1mol，在标准状况下为22.4L，D错误；【答案】C
真题突破
（2019·全国高考真题）利用生物燃料电池原理研究室温下氨 的合成，电池工作时MV2+/MV+在电极与酶之间传递电子，示意 图如下所示。下列说法错误的是
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燃料电池介绍英语ppt文稿
1 Hello everyone, before the presentation, I’d like to ask you
a question: how many kinds of power that can propel cars do you know? Gasoline, diesel oil, natural gas, lithium battery,solar energy and nuclear may be. But today, I will introduce a new promising energy—fuel cell. I call it as one kind of promising energy because our driving life will completely change in the future due to the widely using fuel cell as car’s power. Fuel cell is a battery that direct
transformation of chemical energy into electricity. This cell is not only a electrochemical power source but also a power plant.
2 As we can see in the photos,the energy transformation ratio of combustion engine is between 25% ～45%, however, this ratio will increasing twice in the fuel cell vehicle. Here let us consider the most important influence of cars: pollution. Traditional vehicles have made the air unhealthy for people to breath, the primary pollutant are CO,PM10,PM2.5 and so on. We are familiar with PM2.5, if you haven’t know it,but at lest you breath it.while the emission of a fuel cell vehicle expel just water and CO2
3 After you have heard that kind of cell,next I will tell you the structure,mechanism and advancement of the cell.
4 First, I will introduce you the structure of the cell. Look at the picture,a fuel cell is assembled by cathode,anode,electrolyte,catalyst and fuels. besides , many cell have reformer to oxidate fuels before it participate cell reaction.This table shows different kinds of fuel cell. As we can see that different fuel cell have different electrode and electrolyte. Besides,the fuel material is also different.
5 Now, let’s consider about the mechanism of the battery. I use the example of solid oxide fuel cell to show you the mechanism. As we can see, H2,CO and air is bubbled in the reformer device. CO is oxidated into CO2 and produce H2 just as this chemical reaction. All H2 thread the cathode channel just like the air thread the anode canal,H2 and O2 react in electrolyte and this two
reactions are the source of electric energy. Electrons which were producted on the fuel electrode and the oxidation electrode are transmit on electrode surface and orientation, but the movement order are reverse. As a consequence of movement of electron in the external circuit ,electricity was generated. At the same time,the by-products are expel from cell.
6 At last,I’d like to discuss the advancement of this kind of battery. As we have learned that fuel cell is an promising power source in the future, however,you may realize that there are several problem should be solve before large-scale industrial manufacture. First challenge is the H2 storage facilities. We have to keep the user’ safety when they chose a fuel cell vehicle and also provide enough fuel station to satisfy the consumer’s demand. Besides,fuel cell like PEMFC,MCFC need noble metal as electrode’s carrier such as palladium,platinum and so on. Last, sable
catalysts haven’t been find out to make the cell staring up instantly,and decrease the consume of the electrolyte. All this challenges are the reason why I am here and also the primary task our research group to study in the following 3 years or may be last as long. But I firmly believe that our endeavor will propel the development of this new power source.
7 Thank you.。