遗传算法MATLAB完整代码(不用工具箱)
基于遗传算法的BP神经网络MATLAB代码
基于遗传算法的BP神经网络MATLAB代码以下是基于遗传算法的BP神经网络的MATLAB代码，包括网络初始化、适应度计算、交叉运算、突变操作和迭代训练等。
1.网络初始化:```matlabfunction net = initialize_network(input_size, hidden_size, output_size)net.input_size = input_size;net.hidden_size = hidden_size;net.output_size = output_size;net.hidden_weights = rand(hidden_size, input_size);net.output_weights = rand(output_size, hidden_size);net.hidden_biases = rand(hidden_size, 1);net.output_biases = rand(output_size, 1);end```2.适应度计算:```matlabfunction fitness = calculate_fitness(net, data, labels)output = forward_propagation(net, data);fitness = sum(sum(abs(output - labels)));end```3.前向传播:```matlabfunction output = forward_propagation(net, data)hidden_input = net.hidden_weights * data + net.hidden_biases;hidden_output = sigmoid(hidden_input);output_input = net.output_weights * hidden_output +net.output_biases;output = sigmoid(output_input);endfunction result = sigmoid(x)result = 1 ./ (1 + exp(-x));end```4.交叉运算:```matlabfunction offspring = crossover(parent1, parent2)point = randi([1 numel(parent1)]);offspring = [parent1(1:point) parent2((point + 1):end)]; end```5.突变操作:```matlabfunction mutated = mutation(individual, mutation_rate) for i = 1:numel(individual)if rand < mutation_ratemutated(i) = rand;elsemutated(i) = individual(i);endendend```6.迭代训练:```matlabfunction [best_individual, best_fitness] =train_network(data, labels, population_size, generations, mutation_rate)input_size = size(data, 1);hidden_size = round((input_size + size(labels, 1)) / 2);output_size = size(labels, 1);population = cell(population_size, 1);for i = 1:population_sizepopulation{i} = initialize_network(input_size, hidden_size, output_size);endbest_individual = population{1};best_fitness = calculate_fitness(best_individual, data, labels);for i = 1:generationsfor j = 1:population_sizefitness = calculate_fitness(population{j}, data, labels);if fitness < best_fitnessbest_individual = population{j};best_fitness = fitness;endendselected = selection(population, data, labels);for j = 1:population_sizeparent1 = selected{randi([1 numel(selected)])};parent2 = selected{randi([1 numel(selected)])};offspring = crossover(parent1, parent2);mutated_offspring = mutation(offspring, mutation_rate);population{j} = mutated_offspring;endendendfunction selected = selection(population, data, labels) fitnesses = zeros(length(population), 1);for i = 1:length(population)fitnesses(i) = calculate_fitness(population{i}, data, labels);end[~, indices] = sort(fitnesses);selected = population(indices(1:floor(length(population) / 2)));end```这是一个基于遗传算法的简化版BP神经网络的MATLAB代码，使用该代码可以初始化神经网络并进行迭代训练，以获得最佳适应度的网络参数。
利用MATLAB编制的遗传算法代码
function gaTSPCityNum=30;[dislist,Clist]=tsp(CityNum);inn=100; %初始种群大小¡gnmax=1000; %最大概率pc=0.8; %交叉概率pm=0.8; %变异概率%产生初始种群for i=1:inns(i,:)=randperm(CityNum);end[f,p]=objf(s,dislist);gn=1;while gn<gnmax+1for j=1:2:innseln=sel(s,p); %选择操作scro=cro(s,seln,pc); %交叉操作scnew(j,:)=scro(1,:);scnew(j+1,:)=scro(2,:);smnew(j,:)=mut(scnew(j,:),pm); %变异操作smnew(j+1,:)=mut(scnew(j+1,:),pm);ends=smnew; %产生了新的种群[f,p]=objf(s,dislist); %计算新种群的适应度%记录当前代最好和平均的适应度[fmax,nmax]=max(f);ymean(gn)=1000/mean(f);ymax(gn)=1000/fmax;%记录当前代的最佳个体x=s(nmax,:);drawTSP(Clist,x,ymax(gn),gn,0);gn=gn+1;%pause;endgn=gn-1;figure(2);plot(ymax,'r'); hold on;plot(ymean,'b');grid;title('ËÑË÷¹ý³Ì');legend('×îÓŽâ','ƽ¾ù½â');end%------------------------------------------------%计算适应度函数function [f,p]=objf(s,dislist);inn=size(s,1); %读取种群大小¡for i=1:innf(i)=CalDist(dislist,s(i,:)); %计算函数值，即适应度endf=1000./f';%计算选择概率fsum=0;for i=1:innfsum=fsum+f(i)^15;endfor i=1:innps(i)=f(i)^15/fsum;end%计算累积概率p(1)=ps(1);for i=2:innp(i)=p(i-1)+ps(i);endp=p';end%--------------------------------------------------function pcc=pro(pc);test(1:100)=0;l=round(100*pc);test(1:l)=1;n=round(rand*99)+1;pcc=test(n);end%--------------------------------------------------%“选择”操作function seln=sel(s,p);inn=size(p,1);%从种群中选择两个个体for i=1:2r=rand; %产生一个随机数prand=p-r;j=1;while prand(j)<0j=j+1;endseln(i)=j; %选中个体的序号endend%------------------------------------------------%“交叉”操作function scro=cro(s,seln,pc);bn=size(s,2);pcc=pro(pc); %根据交叉概率决定是否进行交叉操作，1则是，0则否scro(1,:)=s(seln(1),:);scro(2,:)=s(seln(2),:);if pcc==1c1=round(rand*(bn-2))+1; %在[1,bn-1]范围内随机产生一个交叉位 c2=round(rand*(bn-2))+1;chb1=min(c1,c2);chb2=max(c1,c2);middle=scro(1,chb1+1:chb2);scro(1,chb1+1:chb2)=scro(2,chb1+1:chb2);scro(2,chb1+1:chb2)=middle;for i=1:chb1while find(scro(1,chb1+1:chb2)==scro(1,i))zhi=find(scro(1,chb1+1:chb2)==scro(1,i));y=scro(2,chb1+zhi);scro(1,i)=y;endwhile find(scro(2,chb1+1:chb2)==scro(2,i))zhi=find(scro(2,chb1+1:chb2)==scro(2,i));y=scro(1,chb1+zhi);scro(2,i)=y;endendfor i=chb2+1:bnwhile find(scro(1,1:chb2)==scro(1,i))zhi=find(scro(1,1:chb2)==scro(1,i));y=scro(2,zhi);scro(1,i)=y;endwhile find(scro(2,1:chb2)==scro(2,i))zhi=find(scro(2,1:chb2)==scro(2,i));y=scro(1,zhi);scro(2,i)=y;endendendend%--------------------------------------------------%“变异”操作function snnew=mut(snew,pm);bn=size(snew,2);snnew=snew;pmm=pro(pm); %¸根据变异概率决定是否进行变异操作，1则是，0则否if pmm==1c1=round(rand*(bn-2))+1; %在[1，bn-1]范围内随机产生一个变异位 c2=round(rand*(bn-2))+1;chb1=min(c1,c2);chb2=max(c1,c2);x=snew(chb1+1:chb2);snnew(chb1+1:chb2)=fliplr(x); endend。
遗传算法详解（含MATLAB代码）
遗传算法详解（含MATLAB代码）Python遗传算法框架使用实例（一）使用Geatpy实现句子匹配在前面几篇文章中，我们已经介绍了高性能Python遗传和进化算法框架——Geatpy的使用。
本篇就一个案例进行展开讲述：pip install geatpy更新至Geatpy2的方法：pip install --upgrade --user geatpy查看版本号，在Python中执行：import geatpyprint(geatpy.__version__)我们都听过“无限猴子定理”，说的是有无限只猴子用无限的时间会产生特定的文章。
在无限猴子定理中，我们“假定”猴子们是没有像人类那样“智能”的，而且“假定”猴子不会自我学习。
因此，这些猴子需要“无限的时间"。
而在遗传算法中，由于采用的是启发式的进化搜索，因此不需要”无限的时间“就可以完成类似的工作。
当然，需要产生的文章篇幅越长，那么就需要越久的时间才能完成。
下面以产生"T om is a little boy, isn't he? Yes he is, he is a good and smart child and he is always ready to help others, all in all we all like him very much."的句子为例，讲述如何利用Geatpy实现句子的搜索。
之前的文章中我们已经讲述过如何使用Geatpy的进化算法框架实现遗传算法编程。
这里就直接用框架。
把自定义问题类和执行脚本编写在下面的"main.py”文件中：# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import numpy as npimport geatpy as eaclass MyProblem(ea.Problem): # 继承Problem父类def __init__(self):name = 'MyProblem' # 初始化name（函数名称，可以随意设置） # 定义需要匹配的句子strs = 'Tom is a little boy, isn't he? Yes he is, he is a good and smart child and he is always ready to help others, all in all we all like him very much.'self.words = []for c in strs:self.words.append(ord(c)) # 把字符串转成ASCII码M = 1 # 初始化M（目标维数）maxormins = [1] # 初始化maxormins（目标最小最大化标记列表，1：最小化该目标；-1：最大化该目标）Dim = len(self.words) # 初始化Dim（决策变量维数）varTypes = [1] * Dim # 初始化varTypes（决策变量的类型，元素为0表示对应的变量是连续的；1表示是离散的）lb = [32] * Dim # 决策变量下界ub = [122] * Dim # 决策变量上界lbin = [1] * Dim # 决策变量下边界ubin = [1] * Dim # 决策变量上边界# 调用父类构造方法完成实例化ea.Problem.__init__(self, name, M, maxormins, Dim, varTypes, lb, ub, lbin, ubin)def aimFunc(self, pop): # 目标函数Vars = pop.Phen # 得到决策变量矩阵diff = np.sum((Vars - self.words)**2, 1)pop.ObjV = np.array([diff]).T # 把求得的目标函数值赋值给种群pop的ObjV执行脚本if __name__ == "__main__":"""================================实例化问题对象============================="""problem = MyProblem() # 生成问题对象"""==================================种群设置================================"""Encoding = 'RI' # 编码方式NIND = 50 # 种群规模Field = ea.crtfld(Encoding, problem.varTypes, problem.ranges,problem.borders) # 创建区域描述器population = ea.Population(Encoding, Field, NIND) # 实例化种群对象（此时种群还没被初始化，仅仅是完成种群对象的实例化）"""================================算法参数设置=============================="""myAlgorithm = ea.soea_DE_rand_1_L_templet(problem, population) # 实例化一个算法模板对象myAlgorithm.MAXGEN = 2000 # 最大进化代数"""===========================调用算法模板进行种群进化========================="""[population, obj_trace, var_trace] = myAlgorithm.run() # 执行算法模板population.save() # 把最后一代种群的信息保存到文件中# 输出结果best_gen = np.argmin(obj_trace[:, 1]) # 记录最优种群是在哪一代best_ObjV = obj_trace[best_gen, 1]print('最优的目标函数值为：%s'%(best_ObjV))print('有效进化代数：%s'%(obj_trace.shape[0]))print('最优的一代是第 %s 代'%(best_gen + 1))print('评价次数：%s'%(myAlgorithm.evalsNum))print('时间已过 %s 秒'%(myAlgorithm.passTime))for num in var_trace[best_gen, :]:print(chr(int(num)), end = '')上述代码中首先定义了一个问题类MyProblem，然后调用Geatpy内置的soea_DE_rand_1_L_templet算法模板，它实现的是差分进化算法DE-rand-1-L，详见源码：运行结果如下：种群信息导出完毕。
11基于遗传算法的机器人路径规划MATLAB源代码
基于遗传算法的机器人路径规划MATLAB源代码基本思路是：取各障碍物顶点连线的中点为路径点，相互连接各路径点，将机器人移动的起点和终点限制在各路径点上，利用最短路径算法来求网络图的最短路径，找到从起点P1到终点Pn的最短路径。
上述算法使用了连接线中点的条件，因此不是整个规划空间的最优路径，然后利用遗传算法对找到的最短路径各个路径点Pi (i=1,2,…n)调整，让各路径点在相应障碍物端点连线上滑动，利用Pi= Pi1+ti×(Pi2-Pi1)（ti∈[0,1] i=1,2,…n）即可确定相应的Pi，即为新的路径点，连接此路径点为最优路径。
function [L1,XY1,L2,XY2]=JQRLJGH(XX,YY)%% 基于Dijkstra和遗传算法的机器人路径规划% GreenSim团队——专业级算法设计&代写程序% 欢迎访问GreenSim团队主页→/greensim%输入参数在函数体内部定义%输出参数为% L1 由Dijkstra算法得出的最短路径长度% XY1 由Dijkstra算法得出的最短路径经过节点的坐标% L2 由遗传算法得出的最短路径长度% XY2 由遗传算法得出的最短路径经过节点的坐标%程序输出的图片有% Fig1 环境地图（包括：边界、障碍物、障碍物顶点之间的连线、Dijkstra的网络图结构）% Fig2 由Dijkstra算法得到的最短路径% Fig3 由遗传算法得到的最短路径% Fig4 遗传算法的收敛曲线（迄今为止找到的最优解、种群平均适应值）%% 画Fig1figure(1);PlotGraph;title('地形图及网络拓扑结构')PD=inf*ones(26,26);for i=1:26for j=1:26if D(i,j)==1x1=XY(i,5);y1=XY(i,6);x2=XY(j,5);y2=XY(j,6);dist=((x1-x2)^2+(y1-y2)^2)^0.5;PD(i,j)=dist;endendend%% 调用最短路算法求最短路s=1;%出发点t=26;%目标点[L,R]=ZuiDuanLu(PD,s,t);L1=L(end);XY1=XY(R,5:6);%% 绘制由最短路算法得到的最短路径figure(2);PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('由Dijkstra算法得到的初始路径')%% 使用遗传算法进一步寻找最短路%第一步：变量初始化M=50;%进化代数设置N=20;%种群规模设置Pm=0.3;%变异概率设置LC1=zeros(1,M);LC2=zeros(1,M);Yp=L1;%第二步：随机产生初始种群X1=XY(R,1);Y1=XY(R,2);X2=XY(R,3);Y2=XY(R,4);for i=1:Nfarm{i}=rand(1,aaa);end% 以下是进化迭代过程counter=0;%设置迭代计数器while counter<M%停止条件为达到最大迭代次数%% 第三步：交叉%交叉采用双亲双子单点交叉newfarm=cell(1,2*N);%用于存储子代的细胞结构Ser=randperm(N);%两两随机配对的配对表A=farm{Ser(1)};%取出父代AB=farm{Ser(2)};%取出父代BP0=unidrnd(aaa-1);%随机选择交叉点a=[A(:,1:P0),B(:,(P0+1):end)];%产生子代ab=[B(:,1:P0),A(:,(P0+1):end)];%产生子代bnewfarm{2*N-1}=a;%加入子代种群newfarm{2*N}=b;for i=1:(N-1)A=farm{Ser(i)};B=farm{Ser(i+1)};newfarm{2*i}=b;endFARM=[farm,newfarm];%新旧种群合并%% 第四步：选择复制SER=randperm(2*N);FITNESS=zeros(1,2*N);fitness=zeros(1,N);for i=1:(2*N)PP=FARM{i};FITNESS(i)=MinFun(PP,X1,X2,Y1,Y2);%调用目标函数endfor i=1:Nf1=FITNESS(SER(2*i-1));f2=FITNESS(SER(2*i));if f1<=f2elsefarm{i}=FARM{SER(2*i)};fitness(i)=FITNESS(SER(2*i));endend%记录最佳个体和收敛曲线minfitness=min(fitness);meanfitness=mean(fitness);if minfitness<Yppos=find(fitness==minfitness);Xp=farm{pos(1)};Yp=minfitness;endif counter==10PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];figure(3)PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法第10代')hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendendif counter==20PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];figure(4)PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法第20代')hold onx1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendendif counter==30PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];figure(5)PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法第30代')hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendendif counter==40PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];figure(6)PlotGraph;hold onx1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法第40代')hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendendif counter==50PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];figure(7)PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法第50代')hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendendLC2(counter+1)=Yp;LC1(counter+1)=meanfitness;%% 第五步：变异for i=1:Nif Pm>rand&&pos(1)~=iAA=farm{i};AA(POS)=rand;farm{i}=AA;endendcounter=counter+1;disp(counter);end%% 输出遗传算法的优化结果PPP=[0.5,Xp,0.5]';PPPP=1-PPP;X=PPP.*X1+PPPP.*X2;Y=PPP.*Y1+PPPP.*Y2;XY2=[X,Y];L2=Yp;%% 绘制Fig3figure(8)PlotGraph;hold onhold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');hold onendtitle('遗传算法最终结果')figure(9)PlotGraph;hold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY1(i,1);y1=XY1(i,2);x2=XY1(i+1,1);y2=XY1(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',1);hold onendhold onfor i=1:(length(R)-1)x1=XY2(i,1);y1=XY2(i,2);x2=XY2(i+1,1);y2=XY2(i+1,2);plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k','LineWidth',2);hold onendtitle('遗传算法优化前后结果比较')%% 绘制Fig4figure(10);plot(LC1);hold onplot(LC2);xlabel('迭代次数');title('收敛曲线');源代码运行结果展示。
30个智能算法matlab代码
30个智能算法matlab代码以下是30个使用MATLAB编写的智能算法的示例代码： 1. 线性回归算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10];coefficients = polyfit(x, y, 1);predicted_y = polyval(coefficients, x);2. 逻辑回归算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = fitglm(x, y, 'Distribution', 'binomial'); predicted_y = predict(model, x);3. 支持向量机算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3];y = [1, 1, -1, -1, -1];model = fitcsvm(x', y');predicted_y = predict(model, x');4. 决策树算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = fitctree(x', y');predicted_y = predict(model, x');5. 随机森林算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = TreeBagger(50, x', y');predicted_y = predict(model, x');6. K均值聚类算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12]; y = [1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12]; data = [x', y'];idx = kmeans(data, 2);7. DBSCAN聚类算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12]; y = [1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12]; data = [x', y'];epsilon = 2;minPts = 2;[idx, corePoints] = dbscan(data, epsilon, minPts);8. 神经网络算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];net = feedforwardnet(10);net = train(net, x', y');predicted_y = net(x');9. 遗传算法：matlab.fitnessFunction = @(x) x^2 4x + 4;nvars = 1;lb = 0;ub = 5;options = gaoptimset('PlotFcns', @gaplotbestf);[x, fval] = ga(fitnessFunction, nvars, [], [], [], [], lb, ub, [], options);10. 粒子群优化算法：matlab.fitnessFunction = @(x) x^2 4x + 4;nvars = 1;lb = 0;ub = 5;options = optimoptions('particleswarm', 'PlotFcn',@pswplotbestf);[x, fval] = particleswarm(fitnessFunction, nvars, lb, ub, options);11. 蚁群算法：matlab.distanceMatrix = [0, 2, 3; 2, 0, 4; 3, 4, 0];pheromoneMatrix = ones(3, 3);alpha = 1;beta = 1;iterations = 10;bestPath = antColonyOptimization(distanceMatrix, pheromoneMatrix, alpha, beta, iterations);12. 粒子群-蚁群混合算法：matlab.distanceMatrix = [0, 2, 3; 2, 0, 4; 3, 4, 0];pheromoneMatrix = ones(3, 3);alpha = 1;beta = 1;iterations = 10;bestPath = particleAntHybrid(distanceMatrix, pheromoneMatrix, alpha, beta, iterations);13. 遗传算法-粒子群混合算法：matlab.fitnessFunction = @(x) x^2 4x + 4;nvars = 1;lb = 0;ub = 5;gaOptions = gaoptimset('PlotFcns', @gaplotbestf);psOptions = optimoptions('particleswarm', 'PlotFcn',@pswplotbestf);[x, fval] = gaParticleHybrid(fitnessFunction, nvars, lb, ub, gaOptions, psOptions);14. K近邻算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = fitcknn(x', y');predicted_y = predict(model, x');15. 朴素贝叶斯算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = fitcnb(x', y');predicted_y = predict(model, x');16. AdaBoost算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3];y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1];model = fitensemble(x', y', 'AdaBoostM1', 100, 'Tree'); predicted_y = predict(model, x');17. 高斯混合模型算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]';y = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1]';data = [x, y];model = fitgmdist(data, 2);idx = cluster(model, data);18. 主成分分析算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; coefficients = pca(x');transformed_x = x' coefficients;19. 独立成分分析算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; coefficients = fastica(x');transformed_x = x' coefficients;20. 模糊C均值聚类算法：matlab.x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]; options = [2, 100, 1e-5, 0];[centers, U] = fcm(x', 2, options);21. 遗传规划算法：matlab.fitnessFunction = @(x) x^2 4x + 4; nvars = 1;lb = 0;ub = 5;options = optimoptions('ga', 'PlotFcn', @gaplotbestf);[x, fval] = ga(fitnessFunction, nvars, [], [], [], [], lb, ub, [], options);22. 线性规划算法：matlab.f = [-5; -4];A = [1, 2; 3, 1];b = [8; 6];lb = [0; 0];ub = [];[x, fval] = linprog(f, A, b, [], [], lb, ub);23. 整数规划算法：matlab.f = [-5; -4];A = [1, 2; 3, 1];b = [8; 6];intcon = [1, 2];[x, fval] = intlinprog(f, intcon, A, b);24. 图像分割算法：matlab.image = imread('image.jpg');grayImage = rgb2gray(image);binaryImage = imbinarize(grayImage);segmented = medfilt2(binaryImage);25. 文本分类算法：matlab.documents = ["This is a document.", "Another document.", "Yet another document."];labels = categorical(["Class 1", "Class 2", "Class 1"]);model = trainTextClassifier(documents, labels);newDocuments = ["A new document.", "Another new document."];predictedLabels = classifyText(model, newDocuments);26. 图像识别算法：matlab.image = imread('image.jpg');features = extractFeatures(image);model = trainImageClassifier(features, labels);newImage = imread('new_image.jpg');newFeatures = extractFeatures(newImage);predictedLabel = classifyImage(model, newFeatures);27. 时间序列预测算法：matlab.data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];model = arima(2, 1, 1);model = estimate(model, data);forecastedData = forecast(model, 5);28. 关联规则挖掘算法：matlab.data = readtable('data.csv');rules = associationRules(data, 'Support', 0.1);29. 增强学习算法：matlab.environment = rlPredefinedEnv('Pendulum');agent = rlDDPGAgent(environment);train(agent);30. 马尔可夫决策过程算法：matlab.states = [1, 2, 3];actions = [1, 2];transitionMatrix = [0.8, 0.1, 0.1; 0.2, 0.6, 0.2; 0.3, 0.3, 0.4];rewardMatrix = [1, 0, -1; -1, 1, 0; 0, -1, 1];policy = mdpPolicyIteration(transitionMatrix, rewardMatrix);以上是30个使用MATLAB编写的智能算法的示例代码，每个算法都可以根据具体的问题和数据进行相应的调整和优化。
2020年遗传算法matlab程序实例精编版
%-----------------------------------------------%---------------------------------------------------遗传算法程序（一）:说明: fga.m 为遗传算法的主程序; 采用二进制Gray编码,采用基于轮盘赌法的非线性排名选择, 均匀交叉,变异操作,而且还引入了倒位操作!function [BestPop,Trace]=fga(FUN,LB,UB,eranum,popsize,pCross,pMutation,pInversion,options) % [BestPop,Trace]=fmaxga(FUN,LB,UB,eranum,popsize,pcross,pmutation)% Finds a maximum of a function of several variables.% fmaxga solves problems of the form:% max F(X) subject to: LB <= X <= UB% BestPop - 最优的群体即为最优的染色体群% Trace - 最佳染色体所对应的目标函数值% FUN - 目标函数% LB - 自变量下限% UB - 自变量上限% eranum - 种群的代数,取100--1000(默认200)% popsize - 每一代种群的规模；此可取50--200(默认100)% pcross - 交叉概率,一般取0.5--0.85之间较好(默认0.8)% pmutation - 初始变异概率,一般取0.05-0.2之间较好(默认0.1)% pInversion - 倒位概率,一般取0.05－0.3之间较好(默认0.2)% options - 1*2矩阵,options(1)=0二进制编码(默认0),option(1)~=0十进制编%码,option(2)设定求解精度(默认1e-4)%% ------------------------------------------------------------------------T1=clock;if nargin<3, error('FMAXGA requires at least three input arguments'); endif nargin==3, eranum=200;popsize=100;pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==4, popsize=100;pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==5, pCross=0.8;pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==6, pMutation=0.1;pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif nargin==7, pInversion=0.15;options=[0 1e-4];endif find((LB-UB)>0)error('数据输入错误,请重新输入(LB<UB):');ends=sprintf('程序运行需要约%.4f 秒钟时间,请稍等......',(eranum*popsize/1000));disp(s);global m n NewPop children1 children2 VarNumbounds=[LB;UB]';bits=[];VarNum=size(bounds,1);precision=options(2);%由求解精度确定二进制编码长度bits=ceil(log2((bounds(:,2)-bounds(:,1))' ./ precision));%由设定精度划分区间[Pop]=InitPopGray(popsize,bits);%初始化种群[m,n]=size(Pop);NewPop=zeros(m,n);children1=zeros(1,n);children2=zeros(1,n);pm0=pMutation;BestPop=zeros(eranum,n);%分配初始解空间BestPop,TraceTrace=zeros(eranum,length(bits)+1);i=1;while i<=eranumfor j=1:mvalue(j)=feval(FUN(1,:),(b2f(Pop(j,:),bounds,bits)));%计算适应度end[MaxValue,Index]=max(value);BestPop(i,:)=Pop(Index,:);Trace(i,1)=MaxValue;Trace(i,(2:length(bits)+1))=b2f(BestPop(i,:),bounds,bits);[selectpop]=NonlinearRankSelect(FUN,Pop,bounds,bits);%非线性排名选择[CrossOverPop]=CrossOver(selectpop,pCross,round(unidrnd(eranum-i)/eranum));%采用多点交叉和均匀交叉，且逐步增大均匀交叉的概率%round(unidrnd(eranum-i)/eranum)[MutationPop]=Mutation(CrossOverPop,pMutation,VarNum);%变异[InversionPop]=Inversion(MutationPop,pInversion);%倒位Pop=InversionPop;%更新pMutation=pm0+(i^4)*(pCross/3-pm0)/(eranum^4);%随着种群向前进化，逐步增大变异率至1/2交叉率p(i)=pMutation;i=i+1;endt=1:eranum;plot(t,Trace(:,1)');title('函数优化的遗传算法');xlabel('进化世代数(eranum)');ylabel('每一代最优适应度(maxfitness)');[MaxFval,I]=max(Trace(:,1));X=Trace(I,(2:length(bits)+1));hold on; plot(I,MaxFval,'*');text(I+5,MaxFval,['FMAX=' num2str(MaxFval)]);str1=sprintf ('进化到%d 代,自变量为%s 时,得本次求解的最优值%f\n对应染色体是：%s',I,num2str(X),MaxFval,num2str(BestPop(I,:)));disp(str1);%figure(2);plot(t,p);%绘制变异值增大过程T2=clock;elapsed_time=T2-T1;if elapsed_time(6)<0elapsed_time(6)=elapsed_time(6)+60; elapsed_time(5)=elapsed_time(5)-1;endif elapsed_time(5)<0elapsed_time(5)=elapsed_time(5)+60;elapsed_time(4)=elapsed_time(4)-1;end %像这种程序当然不考虑运行上小时啦str2=sprintf('程序运行耗时%d 小时%d 分钟%.4f 秒',elapsed_time(4),elapsed_time(5),elapsed_time(6));disp(str2);%初始化种群%采用二进制Gray编码,其目的是为了克服二进制编码的Hamming悬崖缺点function [initpop]=InitPopGray(popsize,bits)len=sum(bits);initpop=zeros(popsize,len);%The whole zero encoding individualfor i=2:popsize-1pop=round(rand(1,len));pop=mod(([0 pop]+[pop 0]),2);%i=1时,b(1)=a(1);i>1时,b(i)=mod(a(i-1)+a(i),2)%其中原二进制串:a(1)a(2)...a(n),Gray串:b(1)b(2)...b(n)initpop(i,:)=pop(1:end-1);endinitpop(popsize,:)=ones(1,len);%The whole one encoding individual%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%解码function [fval] = b2f(bval,bounds,bits)% fval - 表征各变量的十进制数% bval - 表征各变量的二进制编码串% bounds - 各变量的取值范围% bits - 各变量的二进制编码长度scale=(bounds(:,2)-bounds(:,1))'./(2.^bits-1); %The range of the variablesnumV=size(bounds,1);cs=[0 cumsum(bits)];for i=1:numVa=bval((cs(i)+1):cs(i+1));fval(i)=sum(2.^(size(a,2)-1:-1:0).*a)*scale(i)+bounds(i,1);end%选择操作%采用基于轮盘赌法的非线性排名选择%各个体成员按适应值从大到小分配选择概率：%P(i)=(q/1-(1-q)^n)*(1-q)^i, 其中P(0)>P(1)>...>P(n), sum(P(i))=1function [selectpop]=NonlinearRankSelect(FUN,pop,bounds,bits)global m nselectpop=zeros(m,n);fit=zeros(m,1);for i=1:mfit(i)=feval(FUN(1,:),(b2f(pop(i,:),bounds,bits)));%以函数值为适应值做排名依据endselectprob=fit/sum(fit);%计算各个体相对适应度(0,1)q=max(selectprob);%选择最优的概率x=zeros(m,2);x(:,1)=[m:-1:1]';[y x(:,2)]=sort(selectprob);r=q/(1-(1-q)^m);%标准分布基值newfit(x(:,2))=r*(1-q).^(x(:,1)-1);%生成选择概率newfit=cumsum(newfit);%计算各选择概率之和rNums=sort(rand(m,1));fitIn=1;newIn=1;while newIn<=mif rNums(newIn)<newfit(fitIn)selectpop(newIn,:)=pop(fitIn,:);newIn=newIn+1;elsefitIn=fitIn+1;endend%交叉操作function [NewPop]=CrossOver(OldPop,pCross,opts)%OldPop为父代种群，pcross为交叉概率global m n NewPopr=rand(1,m);y1=find(r<pCross);y2=find(r>=pCross);len=length(y1);if len>2&mod(len,2)==1%如果用来进行交叉的染色体的条数为奇数，将其调整为偶数y2(length(y2)+1)=y1(len);y1(len)=[];endif length(y1)>=2for i=0:2:length(y1)-2if opts==0[NewPop(y1(i+1),:),NewPop(y1(i+2),:)]=EqualCrossOver(OldPop(y1(i+1),:),OldPop(y1(i+2),:));else[NewPop(y1(i+1),:),NewPop(y1(i+2),:)]=MultiPointCross(OldPop(y1(i+1),:),OldPop(y1(i+2),:));endendendNewPop(y2,:)=OldPop(y2,:);%采用均匀交叉function [children1,children2]=EqualCrossOver(parent1,parent2)global n children1 children2hidecode=round(rand(1,n));%随机生成掩码crossposition=find(hidecode==1);holdposition=find(hidecode==0);children1(crossposition)=parent1(crossposition);%掩码为1，父1为子1提供基因children1(holdposition)=parent2(holdposition);%掩码为0，父2为子1提供基因children2(crossposition)=parent2(crossposition);%掩码为1，父2为子2提供基因children2(holdposition)=parent1(holdposition);%掩码为0，父1为子2提供基因%采用多点交叉，交叉点数由变量数决定function [Children1,Children2]=MultiPointCross(Parent1,Parent2)global n Children1 Children2 VarNumChildren1=Parent1;Children2=Parent2;Points=sort(unidrnd(n,1,2*VarNum));for i=1:VarNumChildren1(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i))=Parent2(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i));Children2(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i))=Parent1(Points(2*i-1):Points(2*i));end%变异操作function [NewPop]=Mutation(OldPop,pMutation,VarNum)global m n NewPopr=rand(1,m);position=find(r<=pMutation);len=length(position);if len>=1for i=1:lenk=unidrnd(n,1,VarNum); %设置变异点数，一般设置1点for j=1:length(k)if OldPop(position(i),k(j))==1OldPop(position(i),k(j))=0;elseOldPop(position(i),k(j))=1;endendendendNewPop=OldPop;%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%倒位操作function [NewPop]=Inversion(OldPop,pInversion)global m n NewPopNewPop=OldPop;r=rand(1,m);PopIn=find(r<=pInversion);len=length(PopIn);if len>=1for i=1:lend=sort(unidrnd(n,1,2));if d(1)~=1&d(2)~=nNewPop(PopIn(i),1:d(1)-1)=OldPop(PopIn(i),1:d(1)-1);NewPop(PopIn(i),d(1):d(2))=OldPop(PopIn(i),d(2):-1:d(1));NewPop(PopIn(i),d(2)+1:n)=OldPop(PopIn(i),d(2)+1:n);endendend遗传算法程序（二）:function youhuafunD=code;N=50; % Tunablemaxgen=50; % Tunablecrossrate=0.5; %Tunablemuterate=0.08; %Tunablegeneration=1;num = length(D);fatherrand=randint(num,N,3);score = zeros(maxgen,N);while generation<=maxgenind=randperm(N-2)+2; % 随机配对交叉A=fatherrand(:,ind(1:(N-2)/2));B=fatherrand(:,ind((N-2)/2+1:end));% 多点交叉rnd=rand(num,(N-2)/2);ind=rnd tmp=A(ind);A(ind)=B(ind);B(ind)=tmp;% % 两点交叉% for kk=1:(N-2)/2% rndtmp=randint(1,1,num)+1;% tmp=A(1:rndtmp,kk);% A(1:rndtmp,kk)=B(1:rndtmp,kk);% B(1:rndtmp,kk)=tmp;% endfatherrand=[fatherrand(:,1:2),A,B];% 变异rnd=rand(num,N);ind=rnd [m,n]=size(ind);tmp=randint(m,n,2)+1;tmp(:,1:2)=0;fatherrand=tmp+fatherrand;fatherrand=mod(fatherrand,3);% fatherrand(ind)=tmp;%评价、选择scoreN=scorefun(fatherrand,D);% 求得N个个体的评价函数score(generation,:)=scoreN;[scoreSort,scoreind]=sort(scoreN);sumscore=cumsum(scoreSort);sumscore=sumscore./sumscore(end);childind(1:2)=scoreind(end-1:end);for k=3:Ntmprnd=rand;tmpind=tmprnd difind=[0,diff(tmpind)];if ~any(difind)difind(1)=1;endchildind(k)=scoreind(logical(difind));endfatherrand=fatherrand(:,childind);generation=generation+1;end% scoremaxV=max(score,[],2);minV=11*300-maxV;plot(minV,'*');title('各代的目标函数值');F4=D(:,4);FF4=F4-fatherrand(:,1);FF4=max(FF4,1);D(:,5)=FF4;save DData Dfunction D=codeload youhua.mat% properties F2 and F3F1=A(:,1);F2=A(:,2);F3=A(:,3);if (max(F2)>1450)||(min(F2)<=900)error('DATA property F2 exceed it''s range (900,1450]')end% get group property F1 of data, according to F2 valueF4=zeros(size(F1));for ite=11:-1:1index=find(F2<=900+ite*50);F4(index)=ite;endD=[F1,F2,F3,F4];function ScoreN=scorefun(fatherrand,D)F3=D(:,3);F4=D(:,4);N=size(fatherrand,2);FF4=F4*ones(1,N);FF4rnd=FF4-fatherrand;FF4rnd=max(FF4rnd,1);ScoreN=ones(1,N)*300*11;% 这里有待优化for k=1:NFF4k=FF4rnd(:,k);for ite=1:11F0index=find(FF4k==ite);if ~isempty(F0index)tmpMat=F3(F0index);tmpSco=sum(tmpMat);ScoreBin(ite)=mod(tmpSco,300);endendScorek(k)=sum(ScoreBin);endScoreN=ScoreN-Scorek;%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%遗传算法程序（三）：%IAGAfunction best=gaclearMAX_gen=200; %最大迭代步数best.max_f=0; %当前最大的适应度STOP_f=14.5; %停止循环的适应度RANGE=[0 255]; %初始取值范围[0 255]SPEEDUP_INTER=5; %进入加速迭代的间隔advance_k=0; %优化的次数popus=init; %初始化for gen=1:MAX_genfitness=fit(popus,RANGE); %求适应度f=fitness.f;picked=choose(popus,fitness); %选择popus=intercross(popus,picked); %杂交popus=aberrance(popus,picked); %变异if max(f)>best.max_fadvance_k=advance_k+1;x_better(advance_k)=fitness.x;best.max_f=max(f);best.popus=popus;best.x=fitness.x;endif mod(advance_k,SPEEDUP_INTER)==0RANGE=minmax(x_better);RANGEadvance=0;endendreturn;function popus=init%初始化M=50;%种群个体数目N=30;%编码长度popus=round(rand(M,N));return;function fitness=fit(popus,RANGE)%求适应度[M,N]=size(popus);fitness=zeros(M,1);%适应度f=zeros(M,1);%函数值A=RANGE(1);B=RANGE(2);%初始取值范围[0 255]for m=1:Mx=0;for n=1:Nx=x+popus(m,n)*(2^(n-1));endx=x*((B-A)/(2^N))+A;for k=1:5f(m,1)=f(m,1)-(k*sin((k+1)*x+k));endendf_std=(f-min(f))./(max(f)-min(f));%函数值标准化fitness.f=f;fitness.f_std=f_std;fitness.x=x;return;function picked=choose(popus,fitness)%选择f=fitness.f;f_std=fitness.f_std;[M,N]=size(popus);choose_N=3; %选择choose_N对双亲picked=zeros(choose_N,2); %记录选择好的双亲p=zeros(M,1); %选择概率d_order=zeros(M,1);%把父代个体按适应度从大到小排序f_t=sort(f,'descend');%将适应度按降序排列for k=1:Mx=find(f==f_t(k));%降序排列的个体序号d_order(k)=x(1);endfor m=1:Mpopus_t(m,:)=popus(d_order(m),:);endpopus=popus_t;f=f_t;p=f_std./sum(f_std); %选择概率c_p=cumsum(p)'; %累积概率for cn=1:choose_Npicked(cn,1)=roulette(c_p); %轮盘赌picked(cn,2)=roulette(c_p); %轮盘赌popus=intercross(popus,picked(cn,:));%杂交endpopus=aberrance(popus,picked);%变异return;function popus=intercross(popus,picked) %杂交[M_p,N_p]=size(picked);[M,N]=size(popus);for cn=1:M_pp(1)=ceil(rand*N);%生成杂交位置p(2)=ceil(rand*N);p=sort(p);t=popus(picked(cn,1),p(1):p(2));popus(picked(cn,1),p(1):p(2))=popus(picked(cn,2),p(1):p(2));popus(picked(cn,2),p(1):p(2))=t;endreturn;function popus=aberrance(popus,picked) %变异P_a=0.05;%变异概率[M,N]=size(popus);[M_p,N_p]=size(picked);U=rand(1,2);for kp=1:M_pif U(2)>=P_a %如果大于变异概率，就不变异continue;endif U(1)>=0.5a=picked(kp,1);elsea=picked(kp,2);endp(1)=ceil(rand*N);%生成变异位置p(2)=ceil(rand*N);if popus(a,p(1))==1%0 1变换popus(a,p(1))=0;elsepopus(a,p(1))=1;endif popus(a,p(2))==1popus(a,p(2))=0;elsepopus(a,p(2))=1;endendreturn;function picked=roulette(c_p) %轮盘赌[M,N]=size(c_p);M=max([M N]);U=rand;if U<c_p(1)picked=1;return;endfor m=1:(M-1)if U>c_p(m) & U<c_p(m+1)picked=m+1;break;endend全方位的两点杂交、两点变异的改进的加速遗传算法（IAGA）%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%。
遗传算法MATLAB完整代码（不用工具箱）
遗传算法MATLAB完整代码（不用工具箱）遗传算法解决简单问题%主程序：用遗传算法求解y=200*exp(-0.05*x).*sin(x)在区间[-2,2]上的最大值clc;clear all;close all;global BitLengthglobal boundsbeginglobal boundsendbounds=[-2,2];precision=0.0001;boundsbegin=bounds(:,1);boundsend=bounds(:,2);%计算如果满足求解精度至少需要多长的染色体BitLength=ceil(log2((boundsend-boundsbegin)'./precision));popsize=50; %初始种群大小Generationmax=12; %最大代数pcrossover=0.90; %交配概率pmutation=0.09; %变异概率%产生初始种群population=round(rand(popsize,BitLength));%计算适应度，返回适应度Fitvalue和累计概率cumsump[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);Generation=1;while Generation<generationmax+1< p="">for j=1:2:popsize%选择操作seln=selection(population,cumsump);%交叉操作scro=crossover(population,seln,pcrossover);scnew(j,:)=scro(1,:);scnew(j+1,:)=scro(2,:);%变异操作smnew(j,:)=mutation(scnew(j,:),pmutation);smnew(j+1,:)=mutation(scnew(j+1,:),pmutation);endpopulation=scnew; %产生了新的种群%计算新种群的适应度[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);%记录当前代最好的适应度和平均适应度[fmax,nmax]=max(Fitvalue);fmean=mean(Fitvalue);ymax(Generation)=fmax;ymean(Generation)=fmean;%记录当前代的最佳染色体个体x=transform2to10(population(nmax,:));%自变量取值范围是[-2,2],需要把经过遗传运算的最佳染色体整合到[-2,2]区间xx=boundsbegin+x*(boundsend-boundsbegin)/(power((boundsend),BitLength)-1);xmax(Generation)=xx;Generation=Generation+1;endGeneration=Generation-1;Bestpopulation=xx;Besttargetfunvalue=targetfun(xx);%绘制经过遗传运算后的适应度曲线。
遗传算法matlab程序代码
遗传算法matlab程序代码遗传算法是一种优化算法，用于在给定的搜索空间中寻找最优解。
在Matlab中，可以通过以下代码编写一个基本的遗传算法：% 初始种群大小Npop = 100;% 搜索空间维度ndim = 2;% 最大迭代次数imax = 100;% 初始化种群pop = rand(Npop, ndim);% 最小化目标函数fun = @(x) sum(x.^2);for i = 1:imax% 计算适应度函数fit = 1./fun(pop);% 选择操作[fitSort, fitIndex] = sort(fit, 'descend');pop = pop(fitIndex(1:Npop), :);% 染色体交叉操作popNew = zeros(Npop, ndim);for j = 1:Npopparent1Index = randi([1, Npop]);parent2Index = randi([1, Npop]);parent1 = pop(parent1Index, :);parent2 = pop(parent2Index, :);crossIndex = randi([1, ndim-1]);popNew(j,:) = [parent1(1:crossIndex),parent2(crossIndex+1:end)];end% 染色体突变操作for j = 1:NpopmutIndex = randi([1, ndim]);mutScale = randn();popNew(j, mutIndex) = popNew(j, mutIndex) + mutScale;end% 更新种群pop = [pop; popNew];end% 返回最优解[resultFit, resultIndex] = max(fit);result = pop(resultIndex, :);以上代码实现了一个简单的遗传算法，用于最小化目标函数x1^2 + x2^2。
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遗传算法解决简单问题
%主程序：用遗传算法求解y=200*exp(-0.05*x).*sin(x)在区间[-2,2]上的最大值clc;
clear all;
close all;
global BitLength
global boundsbegin
global boundsend
bounds=[-2,2];
precision=0.0001;
boundsbegin=bounds(:,1);
boundsend=bounds(:,2);
%计算如果满足求解精度至少需要多长的染色体
BitLength=ceil(log2((boundsend-boundsbegin)'./precision));
popsize=50; %初始种群大小
Generationmax=12; %最大代数
pcrossover=0.90; %交配概率
pmutation=0.09; %变异概率
%产生初始种群
population=round(rand(popsize,BitLength));
%计算适应度，返回适应度Fitvalue和累计概率cumsump
[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);
Generation=1;
while Generation<Generationmax+1
for j=1:2:popsize
%选择操作
seln=selection(population,cumsump);
%交叉操作
scro=crossover(population,seln,pcrossover);
scnew(j,:)=scro(1,:);
scnew(j+1,:)=scro(2,:);
%变异操作
smnew(j,:)=mutation(scnew(j,:),pmutation);
smnew(j+1,:)=mutation(scnew(j+1,:),pmutation);
end
population=scnew; %产生了新的种群
%计算新种群的适应度
[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population);
%记录当前代最好的适应度和平均适应度
[fmax,nmax]=max(Fitvalue);
fmean=mean(Fitvalue);
ymax(Generation)=fmax;
ymean(Generation)=fmean;
%记录当前代的最佳染色体个体
x=transform2to10(population(nmax,:));
%自变量取值范围是[-2,2],需要把经过遗传运算的最佳染色体整合到[-2,2]区间
xx=boundsbegin+x*(boundsend-boundsbegin)/(power((boundsend),BitLength)-1);
xmax(Generation)=xx;
Generation=Generation+1;
end
Generation=Generation-1;
Bestpopulation=xx;
Besttargetfunvalue=targetfun(xx);
%绘制经过遗传运算后的适应度曲线。
一般的，如果进化过程中的种群的平均适应度
%与最大适应度在曲线上有相互趋同的形态，表示算法收敛进行地很顺利，没有出现震荡；%在这种前提下，最大适应度个体连续若干代都没有发生进化表示种群已经成熟
figure(1);
hand1=plot(1:Generation,ymax);
set(hand1,'linestyle','-','linewidth',1.8,'marker','*','markersize',6);
hold on;
hand2=plot(1:Generation,ymean);
set(hand2,'color','r','linestyle','-','linewidth',1.8,'marker',...
'h','markersize',6);
xlabel('进化代数');
ylabel('最大/平均适应度');
xlim([1 Generationmax]);
box off;
hold off;
%子程序：计算适应度函数，函数名称存储为fitnessfun
function[Fitvalue,cumsump]=fitnessfun(population)
global BitLength
global boundsbegin
global boundsend
popsize=size(population,1); %有popsize个个体
for i=1:popsize
x=transform2to10(population(i,:)); %将二进制转换为十进制
%转化为[-2,2]区间的实数
xx=boundsbegin+x*(boundsend-boundsbegin)/(power((boundsend),BitLength)-1);
Fitvalue(i)=targetfun(xx);
end
%给适应度函数加上一个大小合理的数以便保证种群适应值为正数
Fitvalue=Fitvalue'+230;
%计算选择概率
fsum=sum(Fitvalue);
Pperpopulation=Fitvalue/fsum;
%计算累积概率
cumsump(1)=Pperpopulation(1);
for i=2:popsize
cumsump(i)=cumsump(i-1)+Pperpopulation(i);
end
cumsump=cumsump';
%子程序：新种群变异操作，函数名称存储为mutation.m
function snnew=mutation(snew,pmutation)
BitLength=size(snew,2);
snnew=snew;
pmm=IfCroIfMut(pmutation); %根据变异概率决定是否进行变异操作，1则是，0则否if pmm==1
chb=round(rand*(BitLength-1))+1;%在[1,BitLength]范围内随机产生一个变异位snnew(chb)=abs(snew(chb)-1);
end
%子程序：新种群交叉操作，函数名存储为crossover.m
function scro=crossover(population,seln,pc)
BitLength=size(population,2);
pcc=IfCroIfMut(pc); %根据交叉概率决定是否进行交叉操作，1则是，0则否
if pcc==1
chb=round(rand*(BitLength-2))+1;%在[1,BitLength-1]范围内随机产生一个交叉位scro(1,:)=[population(seln(1),1:chb) population(seln(2),chb+1:BitLength)];
scro(2,:)=[population(seln(2),1:chb) population(seln(1),chb+1:BitLength)];
else
scro(1,:)=population(seln(1),:);
scro(2,:)=population(seln(2),:);
end
%子程序:判断遗传运算是否需要进行交叉或变异，函数名称存储为IfCroIfMut.m function pcc=IfCroIfMut(mutORcro)
test(1:100)=0;
l=round(100*mutORcro);
test(1:l)=1;
n=round(rand*99)+1;
pcc=test(n);
%子程序：新种群选择操作，函数名称存储为selection.m
function seln=selection(population,cumsump)
%从种群中选择两个个体
for i=1:2
r=rand;
prand=cumsump-r; %产生一个随机数
j=1;
while prand(j)<0
j=j+1;
end
seln(i)=j; %选中个体的序号
end
%子程序：将二进制数转换为十进制数，函数名称存储为transform2to10.m
function x=transform2to10(Populaton)
BitLength=size(Populaton,2);
x=Populaton(BitLength);
for i=1:BitLength-1
x=x+Populaton(BitLength-i)*power(2,i);
end
%子程序：对于优化最大值或极大值函数问题，目标函数可以作为适应度函数%函数名称存储为targetfun.m
function y=targetfun(x) %目标函数
y=200*exp(-0.05*x).*sin(x);
运行结果:
Bestpopulation =
1.5764
Besttargetfunvalue =
184.8383
基本接近理论值。