初三被动语态详细讲解
初三英语被动语态练习（2016.10.23）
语法专练---被动语态
一、语态概述
我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten
一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者）
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
(3) 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory.
歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。例如： we can repair this watch in two days. --This watch can be repaired in two days. We must finish this work soon. --This work must be done soon.
六、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
（1）时态保持一致。I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.
（2）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him. --He is often looked after by his best friend.
（3）主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。动词
make/buy//get用for;动词give//send/lend/take用to)
Vivian gave me a book. (双宾语，人间物直， me为间接宾语，a book 为直接宾语)
-- I was given a book by Vivian.
--A book was given to me by Vivian.（直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前加介词）（4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主＋及物动词＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。They call him Louis. --He is called Louis.
（5）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
（6）主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上to.
Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. --He was made to wash the dishes.
（7）有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
（8）非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
（9）It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：
It is said that… 据说,I t is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
七、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1、（1）.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
（2）表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
（3）系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable
2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
（1）在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
（2）形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
（3）动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do与things是动宾关系，与I 是主谓关系。)
试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)
（4）在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. （5）在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
（6）在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）
（7）在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?
八、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
（1）“under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。
例The building is under construction( is being constructed).
（2）“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及。
例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
（3）“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。
例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．
（4）“for+名词”结构，表示“适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。
例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
（5）“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。
例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
（6）“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。
例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).
（7）“out of+名词”结构；表示“超出…… 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)．。
（8）“within+名词”结构，“在……内、不超过……”。
例He took two days off within the teacher's permission
被动语态专项练习
1. —How long _____ at this job?
—Since 1990. (2003北京)
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you be employed
2. —What happened to the priceless works of art?
—________. (2003北京)
A. They were destroyed in the earthquake
B. The earthquake was destroying them
C. They destroyed in the earthquake
D. The earthquake destroyed them
3. If city noises ______ from increasing, people______ shout to be heard even at th
e dinner table 20 years from now. (MET1992 )
A. are not kept; will have to
B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to
D. do not keep; have to
4.—Do you like the material?
—Yes, it ______ very soft. (MET1994 )
A. is feeling
B. felt
C. feels
D. is felt
5. I need one more stamp before my collection ______. (MET1994 )
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
6. All the preparations for the task _____ , and we're ready to start. (NMET 2000春)
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed
7. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes. (NMET 2001春)
A. lose
B. will be lost
C. are lost
D. will lose
8. A new cinema______ here. They hope to finish it next month. (NMET 2001春)
A. will be built
B. is built
C. has been built
D. is being built
9. After the class，the students went out of the classroom one by one, but only Mary______.
A. left
B. had left
C. was leaving
D. was left
10. The teacher told the students that they______ to be useful men to the country.
A. were all expected
B.were all expecting
C. all were expected
D. all expected
11. He_____in a shower last night and got wet through.
A. caught
B. was caught
C. had caught
D. caught up
12. The thief______ when he was stealing a wallet from a woman.
A. happened to notice
B. was taken place to notice
C. was happened to be noticed
D. happened to be noticed
13. He______ and was made to repeat it.
A. didn't understand
B. didn't be understood
C. wasn't understand
D. wasn't understood
14. The pupils here_____ all kinds of exercises every day in the past few weeks.
A. kept busy doing
B. keep on doing
C. have kept busy doing
D. have been kept busy doing
15. —What were you doing when Tom came to see you?
—I _____on my overcoat and ______ to visit a friend of mine.
A. have just put; leaving
B. was put; was left
C .had just put; was leaving D. was putting; left
16. They said good-bye, hardly knowing that they ______again.
A. were never met
B. will never meet
C. never met
D. were never to meet
17. —What happened to the postman?
—I don't know. He______ around here for a long time.
A. hasn't seen
B. didn't see
C. wasn't seen
D. hasn't been seen
18. Don't get that ink on your shirt, for it______.
A. won't wash out
B. won't be washed out
C. isn't washed out
D. doesn't wash away
19.—Do you know anyone in Paris?
—No. I'll make friends once______.
A. I'm settled
B. I have settled
C. I'll be settled
D. I'm settling
20. Not having finished his homework, ______ to watch TV.
A. Mother forbade him
B. so he was forbidden
C. and he wanted
D. he was forbidden
21. —Bob, you______ on the phone.
—______.
A. are needed; I'm coming
B. are wanted; Coming
C. are called; I'll come
D. are rung up; Thanks
22. E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is being played
B. are playing
C. have played
D. is playing
23. Jackson______ to work in government office though he hated serving there.
A. wanted
B. was wanted
C. was wanting
D. had wanted
24. Your cough ought ______ before it gets worse.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. to see to
D. to be seen to
25. —I'm going away for the weekend.
—But you _____you______ out to dinner with me.
A. say; will come
B. say; came
C. said; would come
D. have said; will made
26. I don't know what decisions ______ at the conference as John hasn't reported to me yet.
A. would make
B. will make
C. are made
D. were made
27. —Would you have come to his help, had you been free?
—Yes. But I______ engaged.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
28. All the preparations for the task ______, and we're ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed
初中被动语态讲解
初中被动语态讲解 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
被动语态 一．概念： 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例：1. They make trains in Xi’an. >> Trains are made in Xi’an by them. 2.Xm beats Xx evey day. >> Xx is beaten by Xm every day. 二．构成 be + done (p.p.--及物动词的过去分词） 一般现在时—— am／is ／are + v.p.p. 一般过去时—— was／were +v.p.p. 一般将来时—— will be／be going to be + v.p.p. 过去将来时——would be/was,were going to be + v.p.p 现在进行时——am/is/are being + v.p.p. 过去进行时——was/were being+ v.p.p. 现在完成时—— have/has +been+ v.p.p 情态动词—— aux.v. (must／can／could／may…) + be + v.p.p. 三．被动语态的使用 1. 当我们不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时； 例：1. His car was stolen last night. 2. Basketball is played in most countries. 2. 动作的承受者是谈话的中心（常由by引起） 例：1. A lot of articles (that) we have learned were written by Lu Xun. 四．不用被动语态的情况 1. 某些及物动词+ adv表主动，特别是后加副词（如well， easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write，wear，wash，photograph, clean, cook, cut 例：1. This book sells well. 2.Your pen writes really well/smoothly. 3.This dress (that) my mom bought for me wears well 4.She does not photograph well. 5.The cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 句子是主谓结构时，不用被动语态。常见的谓语动词有：happen, take place, (dis)appear, rise, break out, come about, come true, come out, run out, turn out 例：1. A traffic accident happened just now. 2. Great changes are taking place in my hometown. 3. He disappears. 4. When a gay person comes out, they let people know that he is a gay. 3. 连系动词无被动：感官系动词：look、feel、sound、smell、taste “表变化的系 动词”：become、grow、turn、fall、get “表保持的系动词”：keep, reamain, stay ④ prove + 形容词，名词或不定式 五．注意
英语动词被动语态专项及解析
英语动词被动语态专项及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it. A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：港珠澳大桥竣工于2018年。我们为此感到骄傲。complete，完成，竣工；动词；与the Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge 有动宾关系，且后者作主语，谓语动词要用被动语态be+动词的过去分词；由2018提示可知要用一般过去时，故选C。【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。 2．The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday． A. taught B. was taught C. were taught 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意是：在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。根据句意可知用被动语态，主语students 是名词复数形式，be 动词用 were，故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。 3．He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day. A. send B. will be sent C. was sent D. sent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：他在网上为父亲订了一块表。将在父亲节前寄给他。It指代的是“表”，作主语，与谓语动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系，it是其承受者，用被动语态；从时态上看，表将在父亲节前寄给他，用一般将来时态，故选B。 4．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 5．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised
初三英语被动语态
动词的语态 动词的语态用以说明句中主语和谓语的关系。如果主语是动作 的执行者，动词形式为主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词形式为被动语态。被动语态与主动语态一样，也是中考的重要考点之一，分值约占中考总分值的8%。考查的内容主要有被动语态的用法、被动语态的结构、被动语态与主动语态的相互转化、不能使用被动语态的句型等。考查的形式包括用所给的动词的适当形式填空、单项选择、句型转换、完型填空、阅读理解等。 1．被动语态的构成 被动语态和主动语态一样，也有各种时态形式，其基本结构是，be+过去分词。被动语态的谓语和主语在逻辑上是动宾关系。 初中阶段常见的几种时态的被动语态： (1)一般现在时：am/is /are+过去分词 History is made by people.历史是由人民创造的。 (2)一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 The book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 The radio wasn’t mended last week.上周这台收音机没被修理。 （3）一般将来时：a. am/is/are going to be+过去分词； b.will/shall be +过去分词。 Some trees will be planted this spring.今年春天将要植一些
树。 Shall we be asked to study English?会不会要我们去学英语？（4）含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词 The man must be sent to hospital.这个人必须被送往医院。 （5）现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词 Some trees are being planted by the students. Is a few factory eing built in your village? (6)现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词 She is unhappy because she hasn’t been asked to the party.她不高兴，因为她没有被邀请去参加聚会。 被动语态的基本用法： （1）不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时用被动语态。 Letters are collected at eight every morning.信件每天 早上八点收取。 The glass was broken last night.玻璃被打坏了。 （2）为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。例如： The plan has already been made.计划已经制定好了。 The bag was taken away by his sister.那个包被他姐姐拿 走了。 （3）在上下文中，为了使句子衔接更紧密（结构的需要）时要用被动语态。
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋
初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)
被动语态专题 ◆定义 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 ◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ◆被动语态的时态： “主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表： ◆主动语态变被动语态的方法 第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。 第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。 第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。 第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句： 主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China. 被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China. 随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句） 1.Bruce writes a letter every week. → 2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. → 3.We grow trees every spring. → 4.My mother cleans our room every morning. → 补充： ①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。 用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring ……. 用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook …… to him by Mary. for her by her father. 随堂演练： （1）He gave me a book. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语) （2）My father bought me a new bike. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)
被动语态讲解与专项练习(带答案)
被动语态专项练习（二） Ⅰ单项选择 1. Good books ____ again and again. A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read 2. The children ____ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them. A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen 4. When____ the accident _____ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 5. The question ____ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built 7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up 8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished 9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown. A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown 10. He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised 11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ . A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened 12. The picture______ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ . A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing 15. The war______ in 1941. A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out 16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 17. We can't enter the room because its door______ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
初中英语被动语态的教案
被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned.
二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
初中英语被动语态讲解与练习
初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：
初中被动语态详细讲解.
语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态
被动语态专项讲解练习(含答案)
专项复习:被动语态 （Revision of the Passive Voice） 【复习目标】1.熟悉常用时态的被动语态； 2.在题目中正确理解和运用被动语态 【复习重点】常用时态的被动语态 【复习难点】各个考点 【复习步骤】 一．基本概念复习 1.总结概念：谓语动词的执行者作主语，用语态；若谓语动词的承受者作主语，用语态。 2.总结结构：be+ done (be动词可以随时态、人称数的变化而变化) 二．考点复习 考点一：含有可以带双宾语的动词的被动语态结构 1.在下列动词后，通常在间接宾语前用介词to: bring , give , lend , offer , pass , show , take , tell , send , teach等 2.在下列动词后，一般在间接宾语前用介词for buy , make , get , choose , cook , sing等
考点二：在感官动词see , watch , hear , notice , feel 及使役动词have , let , make等词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to , 但变被动语态后要还原上to 。 考点三：含有动词短语的被动语态，切记不要将短语中的介词或副词忘掉或省略。 考点四：有些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.某些用来描述主语特征的不及物动词，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，这时主语通常是物。eg: sell , wash , read , write , 等 ?The books well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold ?This coat _____ easily． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed 2.表示状态特征的连系动词+ adj. / n.用主动形式表被动意义。eg: look , sound , feel , smell , taste 等 ①The steel(钢铁) _____ cold． A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt ②His plan _____ good． A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. sounds 3.表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词用主动形式表被动意义。eg: happen , take place , come out , come true等 考点五：含有被动意义的“have / get + 宾语+ done” 考点六：表示客观的说明常用“It’s + done+…..” 据说….. 据报道……. 众所周知……. 据推测说….. 大家都相信…… 考点七：某些动词可以用-ing 形式表被动意义 三．练习题 (一)选择题(A)
九年级英语英语被动语态讲解及练习
英语被动语态讲解及练习 一、什么是被动语态？ 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。” 二、被动语态的结构 那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢？请看下面的例句（注意划线部分）： His bicycle was stolen. The building has been built in 2000. 通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是： be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者) 三、被动语态的运用 什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如： Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。） The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. （这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。） He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。） Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。） （2）需要强调动作的对象时。例如： Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.
（计算器不能用于数学考试。） Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. （阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。） He was awarded first prize in that contest. （他在比赛中获得了第一。） （3）为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。） 四、各种时态的被动语态举例 一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下： 1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. Some trees are being cut down in the park. 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词
初中英语被动语态专项讲解
初中英语被动语态专项讲解 一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)eg:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。eg:Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。) 各种时态的被动语态构成: 1.一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident.
3.一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词. Eg: A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:The meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词 Eg:A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法
初中英语被动语态讲解原版教学文案
初中英语被动语态讲 解原版
初中英语被动语态讲解原版 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.[少儿英语口语的提高，如果方法对还是很快的，最好的方法就是让他沉浸在一 个英语的环境中，现在最多人用的类似UIABC 这样的外教一对一教学平台，在一对一的教学中 建立一个纯正的说英语环境，15元/节的价格，也是还算比较经济的。] 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语 变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为 被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。
初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义
初中被动语态详细讲 解
语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被 字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形 式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例 如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电 脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保 证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语 就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的 形式)。