高口翻译-中文特色共28页文档
高口翻译简析
lesson 71 catering culture农历8月15日的中秋节是观赏满月的日子。
圆圆的月亮象征这圆满，进而象征这家庭团聚。
中秋节的特制视频是一种圆形的月饼，内涵核桃仁，蜜饯，豆沙或蛋黄等食物。
象征is a symbol of春节是中国最重要的传统节日，标志着农历新年的开始。
春节的日期按农历而定，通常出现在公历2月份前半个月的某一天。
依。
而定be setI'm very gald that all of you will soon go to the States to study and work with Americans。
We need to eat no matter where。
So,as the first lecture in the orientation program，I'd like to talk about what Americans do in a restaurantorientation 新生情况说明会。
In American restaurant，you are usually served tap water before you order。
You may find butter anf bread is free，and if you order coffee，you get free refilltap water自来水，翻译成自来水有点奇怪，翻译成水比较合适Soft drinks are sweet，carbonated drinks like Coke》Hard drinks are alcoholics，like whiskey.They are servedeither on the rocks or straight.Servings in the restaurant are large。
If you can't finish，ask the waiter for a “doggie bag”，so that you can enjoy the food later。
高口翻译词汇
Day One一次性消费品 disposable product遍地都是 ubiquitous来自海外 come from overseas/abroad不可思议 incredible/inconceivable失控 beyond/out of control疯狂蔓延 spread in a maddening way/manner郑重（地）seriously, in all seriousness下发通知 issue a circular/decree/notice超薄低质 super-thin and low-quality不堪重负 unbearable burden缓解 ease, relieve警觉 alertness, vigilance置身事外 keep out of the affair, detach oneself from责无旁贷be one’s unshirkable responsibility诸多不便 considerable inconvenience碧水蓝天 blue water and the blue sky习以为常be accustomed to, take … for granted冲击 impact惰性 inertiaDay Two和平崛起 peaceful rise, peaceful ascent人均资源占有量 per capita hold of resources能源消耗 energy consumption生态环境 ecological environment回收率低 low reclamation可持续发展 sustainable development瓶颈 bottleneck应对之策 policy in response to, response科技含量高、经济效益好 high technology content and high economical returns新兴大国 emerging big/great power冷战思维 Cold War mentality不合时宜 out-of-date, obsolete, anachronistic社会治理模式 public governance model活力与失范并存 coexistence of vitality and disorder效率与失衡同在 coexistence of efficiency and imbalance着眼于 focus one’s effort/attention on构建 frame, construct执政能力 governance capability归结起来 in short, in a word, sum up, summarize着眼点 the key point奋发图强 go all out to make the country strong, work hard for the prosperity of the country共赢 win-win尽其所能 try one’s utmostDay Three创新 innovation知识经济 know-based economy嬗变 evolve, evolution与日俱增 increase day by day重组 reorganization, restructuring至关重要 of paramount importance振兴 rejuvenate, invigorate, vitalize必由之路 the only road to/toward可持续发展 sustainable development应用型 applied转制 transform the system举措 move, measure现代企业制度 modern enterprise system扶持 support, foster风险资本机制 venture capital mechanism平台 platformDay Four竞争优势 competitive edge一日千里 develop by leaps and bounds人生成败 success and/or failure in life地域界限 geographical boundary弹指之间 at one’s fingertips商业景观 business landscape无穷商机 numerous/abundant business opportunities 珠江三角洲 the Pearl River Delta包罗万象 cover a broad/wide spectrum物流 logistic(s)零售 retail, merchandising外包 outsourcing整合 integration屈指可数 among the few (leaders)资讯管理 information management最充分发挥 maximize, give full play to创意行业 creative industry动漫 cartoon and animation平面设计 graphic design集装箱港 container port阵营 camp, bloc殊死搏斗 life-and-death struggle誓死周旋 pledge to fight to the death不畏强暴 dare to fight against brute force, defy brute force黑暗势力 forces of darkness, reactionary forces英雄气概 heroic spirit持久战 protracted war/warfare游击战 guerrilla war/warfare法宝 a magic weapon沦陷 (after) the fall of, fall into the hands of the enemy正规战 regular war/warfare敌后 enemy’s rear area, behind the enemy lines疲于奔命 be kept constantly on the run战略部署 strategic deployment深陷 be bogged down deep in全力以赴 go all out, spare no effort, throw in one’s whole might集中大量陆军 amass army/ground troops, concentrate massive army forces动用 put to use, employ区区 only, trivial, trifling不堪设想 hard to imagine, unimaginable, beyond imaginationDay Six在曲折中 amid twists and turns突飞猛进 develop by leaps and bounds, make giant strides层出不穷 emerge one after another, crop up without let-up共同使命 common/shared mission时代潮流 the trend of the times和平共处 peaceful coexistence战略机遇期 period of strategic opportunities小康社会 a well-off society, a moderately prosperous society宏伟目标 grand goal修睦 build good-neighborly relation (with)协和万邦 live in harmony with all other nations崇尚亲仁善邻 advocate cordiality, benevolence, and good-neighborliness和而不同 be harmonious/harmony without uniformity取之不尽 inexhaustible智慧源泉 source of wisdom己所不欲勿施于人 Do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you./What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.黄金法则 the Golden Rule镌刻 engrave顺应时代潮流 go with/conform to the trend of the times东方明珠广播电视塔 the Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower外滩 the Bund脍炙人口 enjoy great popularity, popular灵感 inspiration球（体） sphere托起、支撑 prop (up)诗情画意 poetic and artistic imagination立柱 column（塔）座 base, pedestal太空舱 capsule, space module, spherical penthouse观光廊（层） observation corridor (deck/floor)娱乐设施 recreational facilities鸟瞰 get/have a bird’s-eye view回廊 winding corridor当风和日丽时 on a day of gentle breeze and bright sun旋转餐厅 revolving restaurant发射 transmit天线 antenna景点 scenic spot, tourist spot地标 landmarkDay Eight浦东新区 the Pudong New Area市区 city proper, city center, urban district, downtown area长江三角洲 the Yangtze/Changjiang River Delta常住人口 resident population阡陌纵横 crisscross fields everywhere基础设施 infrastructure意向 intent经济特区 special economic zone(SEZ)优惠政策 preferential policy, favorable policy税收优惠 tax incentive, tax credit前沿 forefront举世瞩目 attract worldwide attention, become the focus of world attention 基本建设 capital construction出口加工 export processing保税区 bonded zone生物制药 biopharmaceutics微电子 microelectronics信息技术 information technology(IT)高科技园区 high-tech park第三产业 the tertiary industry, service industry(sector)（第一产业 the primary industry）（第二产业 the secondary industry）世界博览会 World Exposition, World Expo会场 venue赞誉 praise, acclaimDay Nine马可波罗 Macro Polo风景如画的 picturesque西湖 the West Lake宋代 the Song Dynasty苏东坡 Su Dongpo淡妆浓抹 light or heavy make-up苏堤 Su (Dongpo) Causeway白堤 Bay (Juyi) Causeway阮公墩 Ruangong Isle湖心亭 Mid-lake Pavilion小瀛洲 Lesser Yingzhou亭阁 pavilion风韵 charm, beauty, graceful bearing古都 ancient capital文人墨客 men of letters, writers and poets题咏 poems and inscriptions织锦 brocade黑纸扇 black paper fan檀木扇 sandalwood fan绸伞 silk parasol龙井 Dragon Well tea, Longjing teaDay Ten交易会 (commodities/trade) fair中国国际地毯交易会 China International Carpet Fair中国食品土畜进出口商会China Chamber of Commerce of Import and Export of Foodstuffs, Native Produce & Animal By-Products (CFNA)东方气息 oriental flavor洽谈 business talks, trade talks采购商 procurer, purchasing agent耳目一新 find everything new and fresh, be impressed国际流行色调 colors in vogue around the world, internationally prevalent colors, fashionable colors in the world规格齐全in complete specifications, complete in specifications, of all specifications制作工艺 technology (in carpet making), craftsmanship, workmanship蕴含的无穷魅力 boundless inherent charm花色 design and color突破 breakthrough订货 order goods, place an order地毯图案 carpet pattern风格各异 differing styles色彩斑斓 rich colors手工织毯 weave a carpet by hand, hand-woven carpet现场表演 on-the-spot demonstration长足的进步 considerable growth, (make) great strides融会 blend, merge, combine东西方文化的精粹 the picks of Oriental and Occidental cultures 雅俗共赏 appeal to both refined and popular tastes生意兴隆 brisk business, Business is brisk.Day Eleven深刻演变 profound change(s)日益增多 growing, mounting, increasing合作前景 prospect for cooperation损人利己 benefit oneself at the expense of others以邻为壑 shift one’s troubles to others蓝图 blueprint轨道 track从战略高度和长远角度出发 take a long-term, strategic vision重大、紧迫议题 major and pressing issues求同存异 seek common grounds and shelve differences合作共赢 cooperation for win-win results准则 norms核心关切 core interests/concerns主权 sovereignty突出 highlight利益交融 converging interests优先重点 top priority初见成效 bear/produce preliminary result回暖迹象 signs of economic recovery金融调控 financial regulation货币信贷 money and creditDay Twelve联合声明 joint statement相互依存 interdependent广泛的合作基础 a broad basis of cooperation协调 coordination应对挑战 meet challenge培育 nurture, foster, cultivate至关重要 of utmost importance, essential始终不渝 unswerving, steadfast奉行 pursue, follow致力于 be committed to主权 sovereignty领土完整 territorial integrity重申 reiterate, reaffirm信守承诺 honor one’s commitments渠道 channelDay Thirteen鸦片战争 the Opium War国际地位 international status边缘走向中心 from the margin to the center时代潮流 the trend of the times高举……的旗帜 hold high the banner of …始终不渝 unswervingly, consistently, steadfastly, unflinchingly奉行 follow, in pursuit of制定……战略 formulate/make strategy主导 prevail over, dominate不足和缺陷 shortcomings and flaws引进外资 bring in foreign capital/funds展望 look ahead, look forward走出去 reach out传播 spread, disseminate现成的模式 existing/ready model开拓精神 pioneering/trail-blazing spirit创新精神 creative/innovative spirit简言之 in shortDay Fourteen仁政 policy of benevolence, benevolent governance和而不同 harmonious yet different, being harmonious while remaining different 治国者 leader, ruler, administrator治国 administer/run a country, manage state affairs平天下 bring peace to the world王道 benevolent governance/administration霸道 rule by force, high-handed rule文化霸权主义 cultural hegemony君子和而不同 Gentlemen are in harmony with each other in spite of differences between them.小人同而不和 Base persons are in disharmony with each other in spite of uniformity among them.学问 learning, knowledge纷争 dispute万物并育而不相害 All things on earth grow together without doing harm to one another.道并行而不相悖 All doctrines in the world develop in parallel with each other without one standing in the way of another.有识之士 a person with broad vision, a man of insight共识 consensus认同 identification消灭 eliminate, elimination同化 assimilate, assimilation和为贵 Harmony is most precious/valuable.Day Fifteen合资经营企业 equity joint venture (EJV)法律法规 laws and regulations协商 consultation审批机关 examination and approval authority手续 formalities, procedures董事会 board of directors, board任期 term of office, term法定代表人 legal representative履行职责 perform one’s duties委托书 power of attorney经营管理机构 business management organization提名 nominate, name解聘 dismiss, dismissal升级 promote, promotion降职 demote, demotion营私舞弊 practice graft, commit an act of graft失职 dereliction of duty外汇管理 foreign exchange control管理办法 administrative measures会计年度 accounting year, fiscal year日历年 calendar year本位币 standard currency收支 revenue and expenditure折算 convert, conversion中间价 middle price违约 breach of contract陈述 representation保证 warranty合同法 contract lawDay Sixteen艺术学院 art college素描 sketching油画 oil painting中国画 traditional Chinese painting版画 engraving工笔 gongbi采风 trips to the rural areas, learn local practices and customs, collect folk songs 青山绿水 green hills and rivers/waters嗟叹 be impressed, be filled with admiration遐想 be lost in wild and fanciful thoughts, be fascinated by吴越 Jiangsu and Zhejiang水乡风情画 paintings of scenes in regions of rivers and lakes情境 artistic conception, circumstances, situation虚幻的 imaginary, unreal, illusionary岁月沧桑 changes/vicissitudes of life over the years, traces of the passage of time 尘世喧嚣 hustle and bustle of this world勾线 draw the outline, contour转圈圈 be too absorbed, be too much preoccupied with艺术修养 artistic accomplishment章法 techniques, rules in doing things, methodicalness自在空间 free room古训 ancient teaching艺术人格 artistic integrity。
高口翻译十一讲篇章翻译
翻译十一讲：篇章翻译汉译英：温家宝总理给灾区孩子的一封信孩子们：你们签名赠给我的画集《美丽的花朵》收到了，非常感谢。
当我看到你们精心创作的作品时，我的心被深深地震撼了。
这不是一般的画作，是你们在那场悲壮的抗震救灾中亲身经历的真实写照。
你们敢于面对灾难，充满战胜困难的信心和勇气；你们在废墟中站立起来，挺起不屈的脊梁；你们把痛苦和大爱深深埋在心里，化作前进的力量。
你们幼小的心灵经过磨难，变得更纯洁、更庄严、更坚强、更美好。
你们已经懂得要以坚忍不拔的意志努力做一个有用的人，去帮助人们过上更好的生活。
你们就是在这片灾难的土地上绽放出的最美丽的花朵，就是国家和民族的未来和希望。
英译汉：猪流感所带来的影响Unlike the SARS or avian-flu scares, swine flu has emerged during severe economic stress. Threats to public safety make good cover for stealth protectionism at a time of rising unemployment. World trade already faces its fastest decline since World War II. Further barriers to globalization could sharpen this even more. Export-focused emerging economies could suffer -- bad news for industrial-sector and commodities investors looking toward China for salvation. The SARS outbreak is estimated to have cost 1% of China's gross domestic product.The swine-flu threat may fade quickly. But it adds one more layer of complexity at an already-uncertain time. In the recent market rally, small- and mid capitalization stocks have performed better than large-caps. If swine flu causes fear to displace greed once again, blue chips ought to fare better. Meanwhile, should this prove to be more than a temporary scare, policy makers who have pulled out all the stops already to encourage risk-taking will be back to square one.练习：汉译英中国正处于经济的高速发展时期，从现在开始的未来20年内，中国将全面建设小康社会，人民的生活质量不断提高。
高口 成语 翻译
高口里的成语（高口Lecture 8）前程似锦/ bright future言简意赅/ simple/ simply stated突飞猛进/ advance rapidly日新月异/ change quickly, change with each passing day微不足道/ unimportant/ insignificant停滞不前/ stopped/ be at a standstill彷徨拖延/ delayed默默无闻/ unknown/ un-honored闭关锁国/ closed-door恰当得体/ proper/ appropriate任重道远/ there is a grand task to perform and a long way to go一如既往/ as before/ as usual扣人心弦/ exciting/ fabulous身临其境/ personally on the scene/ action身怀绝技/ excellent无懈可击/ best/ terrific价格从优/ favorable price隔三差五/ frequently/ often延年益寿/ prolong life温厚儒雅/ tender-hearted and cultured泾渭分明/ entirely different/ clear-cut和睦共处/ live in harmony谴词造句/ combine words to form phrases and sentences推波助澜/ help promote/ add fuel to the fire与日俱增/ growing/ increasing/ rising急功近利/ eager for quick profits and success声名显赫/ illustrious names/ eminent names方兴未艾/ hasn’t run its full course/ to develop in full swing自说自话/ act on one’s own张弛有度/ loose and tight为所欲为/ do as one wants/ abuse放任自流/ hands-off (management)独一无二/ unique出师不捷/ fail再接再厉/ make persistent efforts司空见惯/ common/ not uncommon一心一意/ single-minded/ undivided attention不到黄河心不死/ ambition never dies脱颖而出/ succeed天资聪颖/ talented自强不息/ constantly strive to become stronger/ persistent in self-development前所未有/ unprecedented与时俱进/ advance with the times与众不同/ unique微乎其微/ tiny/ small/ little永无止境/ ever-improving/ no end/ no limit错综复杂/ complex同宗同源/ have the same root形态各异/ different shapes and types失之偏颇/ misleading/ not fair/ not quite right命归黄泉/ be killed/ died不尽一致/ varied from … to…/ not the same自始自终/ all along虎视眈眈/ menacing/ aggressive百花齐放varied from…/ different from…1）全真题里的成语彬彬有礼/ polite/ courtesy不可或缺/ indispensable日新月异/ change quickly/ change with each passing day坚定不移/ firmly/ unswervingly/ steadily趣味盎然/ interesting油然而生/ come in one’s mind丰富多彩/ colorful宾至如归/ make the guests feel at home流连忘返/ 乐不思蜀/ too delighted to feel homesick/ have no thought of leaving for home 见仁见智/ different people have different opinions相貌平平/ not good-looking / plain学无止境，活到老，学到老/ life-long learning/ live to learn/ never stop learning till the end of ourDays/ till we die.各司其职/ specialize in handling their own tasks八方来客/ guests from all parts of the world极负盛名/ world famous美不胜收/ lovely/ attractive/ appealing/ inviting (scenery)趋之若鹜/ flood /swarm/ pour in…水乳交融/ blend well蜂拥而至/ flood /swarm/ pour in…热情洋溢/ warm/ gracious雄心勃勃/ ambitious资金雄厚/ financially-strong别有用心/ have ulterior motives独占鳌头/ be the best/ the first崭露头角/ appear沧海桑田（experienced a lot of changes, ups and downs of the times）From Analects of Confucius1. An army may be deprived of its commanding officer, yet a man cannot be deprived of his will. 三军可以夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也2. Only when the weather turns cold can we see that the leaves of pines and cypresses are the last to wither and fall. 岁寒，而后知松柏之后凋也。
高口历届汉译英附答案
2011.3原文：合营企业设董事会，其人数组成由合营各方协商，在合同、章程中确定，并由合营各方委派。
A joint venture shall have a board of directors, which shall have its size and composition stipulated in the contract and the articles of association after consultation between the parties to the venture, and the directors shall be appointed and replaced by the parties to the venture.董事会是合营企业的最高权力机构，决定合营企业的一切重大问题。
The board of directors shall be the highest authority of a joint venture that shall decide all major matters concerning the joint venture.董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生The Chairman are determined by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors.。
董事长是合营企业法定代表人。
董事长不能履行职责时，应授权其他董事代表合营企业。
The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. When the chairman is unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture.董事会会议由董事长负责召集并主持。
高口CE翻译
2012-3原文：传统的中国画，不模仿自然，是以表现自然，是以表现心灵舒发性情为主体的意象主义艺术，画中意象与书法中的文字一样，是一种适于书写的极度概括抽象的象征符号，伴随着意象符号的是传统的程式表现技巧。
古代的大师们创造着独自心中的意象及其程式，风格迥异，生机勃勃。
后来，多数人惯于对古人程式的模仿，所作之画千人一面。
这样的画作一泛滥，雅的不再雅，俗的则更俗。
近代中国画仍然在庸俗没落的模式漩涡中进退两难，阿文与当今的有识同行一样，有志标新立异，寻找自我，建立起现代的属于自己的新意象、新格局，且一直背靠着高雅的传统。
译文：Traditional Chinese painting did not imitate nature; its artistic form of imagery mainly served the purpose of expressing human spirit and disposition. The imagism意象in the paintings, highly abstract symbols accompanied by images, could be achieved through the conventional artistic formalities, not unlike those found in Chinese calligraphy. Ancient masters created their own internal images and their styles that were all markedly diverse and lively.Later on, these artistic patterns were imitated and copied to the point where most paintings were nothing but look-alikes. The result of such abuse was that what had meant to be elegant were no longer elegant; what had been considered vulgar were made even more vulgar. Modern Chinese painting is still caught in a downward spiral, a dilemma at best. A Wen and some of his fellow artists are bent on breaking the mold. They want to find their individual identities; they want to be different; they want to create new imageries and new styles that they can proudly call their own and in keeping with the modern times. Meanwhile, they continue to be inspired by the elegance of the past.2011-9原文：西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。
09中高口翻译
高口汉译英中文：人们通常喜欢听好听的话，一听到拂耳之言就容易产生不悦甚至愠怒。
一个人特别是身居要职的人要能够心悦诚服地倾听逆耳之言并从中获得智慧，就需要容忍和大度地雅量，而这往往依赖于人们的心性修养和对人性缺陷的克制；否则，就会给善于运用花言巧语和投其所好的人提供可乘之机，并伤害直言不讳的忠诚之人。
在理智上，人们大概愿意接受“兼听则明，偏信则暗”、“忠言逆耳利于行”等一类古老的真理，或者乐于信服老子说的“美言不信，信言不美”的哲理。
但在行为上，人们又容易背离这些古训，不愿意听或听不进“逆耳”之言，最终犯下严重的过失。
参考答案：People generally like to listen to what is agreeable to the ear. They are likely to be displeased or even annoyed at advice unpleasant to hear. A person, particularly one holding an important post, needs to be broad-minded and tolerant to listen willingly to good advice that jars on the ear and acquire wisdom from it. This, more often than not, depends on people’s self-cultivation of disposition and the restraint of flaws in their character. Otherwise, those who are good at flattering others and catching their fancy will gain the advantage and those faithful people who talk straight will be hurt.In their right senses, people may readily accept ancient maxims like “listen to both sides and you will be enlightened; heed to one side and you will be benighted,”and “Honest advice, though harsh to the ear, induces good conduct,”or they are willing to believe in Lao Zi’s philosophical wisdom:” Beautiful/Nice/Pleasant words are not truthful/faithful while truthful words are not nice to hear.” However, in their behavior, people are apt to go against these teaching, unwilling or refusing to listen to advice grating on the ear and consequently making serious errors.高口英译汉In-state tuition. For decades, it was the one advantage big state schools had that even the Ivy League couldn't match, in terms of recruiting the best and the brightest to their campuses. But these days, that's no longer necessarily the case. Starting this September, some students will find a Harvard degree cheaper than one from many public universities. Harvard officials sent shock waves through academia last December by detailing a new financial-aid policy that will charge families making up to $180,000 just 10% of their household income per year, substantially subsidizing the annual cost of more than $45,600 for all but its wealthiest students. The move was just the latest in what has amounted to a financial-aid bidding war in recent years among the U.S.'s élite universities.Though Harvard's is the most generous to date, Princeton, Yale and Stanford have all launched similar plans to cap tuition contributions for students from low- andmiddle-income families. Indeed, students on financial aid at nearly every Ivy stand a good chance of graduating debt-free, thanks to loan-elimination programs introduced over the past five years. And other exclusive schools have followed their lead by replacing loans with grants and work-study aid. And several more schools are joining the no-loan club this fall. Even more schools have taken steps to reduce debt among their neediest students.话说州内居民上大学的学费。
高口翻译
直译是指在译入语条件许可的前提下，在译文中既表达原文的思想内容，又保留原文的语言表达 形式 直译：一针及时省九针 意译：事半功倍
意译是指译文能正确表达原文的思想内容，但不必拘泥于原文的语言表达形式。
原则：能够直译的不要意译
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3.1 加注(Annotation)通常是外来语
The surgeons weren’t sure how long my new joints would last. But they’re holding up fine. 那些外科医生（当时）不能肯定我的新关节可以维持多久，但是它们（至今还是）运转良好。
It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to church. 既然我来教堂出于自愿，仅仅为了礼貌起见，我（本应当）和大家一起下跪。
把烦恼抛至九霄云外 11) The young girl thumbed her way to the passing cars. 搭车
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3.3 增词 (Amplification)
增词指翻译时常常有必要在译文的词量上作适当的增加，使译文既能忠实地传达原文的内容和风 格，又能符合译入语的表达习惯。
１、根据背景知识增补 1) 世纪伟人邓小平 Mr. Deng Xiaoping, one of the great figures in the twentieth century
2) 班门弄斧 show off one’s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter