2007年7月外贸英语写作(试题)
大学外贸英语期末考试a
镇江高等专科学校2007—2008学年第二学期期末考试试卷级专业外贸英语试卷（A卷）命题尹昕审核审批班级学号姓名Part One. Translate the following into English（10×1ˊ=10ˊ）Example: 牛市bull market1. 初级产品2. 资本货物3. 零售贸易4. 保付商行5. 期货市场6. 进口订货行7. 报关代理行8. 首席战略家9. 清洁提单10. 存货控制Part Two. What do the following abbreviations stand for（10×1ˊ=10ˊ）Example: WTO World Trade Organization1. G. O. B2. GATT3.GDP4. F. A. Q5. NGO6. CEO7. CIF 8. IPO9. EU 10.ERMPart Three. True or False （10×1ˊ=10）1.The economic prosperity of individual countries has nothing to do with the economic prosperity in the world as a whole. ( )2. The relative size of trade is often measured by comparing the size of a country ’s exports with its gross national product. ( )3. Advertising aims to make a product or service known to the public in order to sell it.( )4. Immediate deliery is known as a future contract.( )5. A open indent is one which names the supplier of the goods required.( )6. It is a kind of knowledge to know where to find information upon a subject.( )7. The Financial Times in UK caters for general public.( )8. Hotel, transport, storage and insurance all belong to trade in services. ( )9. The EU is one of the largest economic entities in the world. ( )10.Hedging is an operation adopted by merchants and others in the commodity markets who deal in futures to protect themselves against risk of loss, causedby future changes in price.( )Part Four. Complete each sentence with the best choice （10×1ˊ=10）1. At localization has led many central governments to grant political, fiscal, and administrative powers to local goverments.a. the national levelb. the subnational levelc. sea leveld. the supranational level2. Which is true?a. Globalization and localization are indeed countervailing forces.b. Globalization and localization are not countervailing forces, but they do not stem from the same source.c. Globalization and localization do not stem from the same source, neither dothey reinforce each other.d. Globalization and localization seem to be countervailing forces, but actually they are not.3. Terms like F.A.Q or G .M.Q have exact meanings, established by associations of over several hundreds of years.a. importersb. exportersc. dealers.d. agents4. The Wall Street Journal is published in .a. Britainb. Canadac. the United Statesd. HongKong5. The international economic order is evolving into a highly intergrated and electronicallya. cubic systemb. automatic systemc. philosophical systemd. networked system6. Development economics was born after .a. The First World Warb.The second World Warc. The Great Depressiond. The Millenium7. Tea and wool and certain spices cannot be accurately .a. namedb. labeledc. classifiedd. graded8. A buyer may place a closed indent which names the .a. importerb. agentc. supplierd. principal9. Raw materials can be bought and sold under a standard description and according to standard contract terms developed by .a. the stock exchangeb. the commodity exchangesc. the merchandising housesd. the customs10. We have the taking immediate legal action to recover the amount to us.a. action forb. option ofc. option withd. function onPart Five Translate the following passage into Chinese ( 10+5 =15)1. ( 10’ )A letter of credit is a very important document in international trade. It is safe and convenient for the seller, who is sure to receive payment. It is also helpful to the buyer, because the seller must carry out his instructions.The buyer asks hisbank to issue the letter ofcredit. The bank writes to its agent or correspondent bank in the seller ’s country. The letter of credit will ask the seller to hand the bill of lading, copies of the commercial invoice, and the insurance certificate or policy to the negotiating bank. A letter of credit which demands this is called a documentary letter of credit.2. Some commodites cannot be accurately graded because the quality varies from year to year, and from consignment to consignment. These have to be sold on a tale quale basis. The buyer has to inspect a consignment for himself and then make an offer according to his own judgement of the quality.( 5 )Part Six. Translate the following sentences into English ( 5+10+10 =25 )1. 通常的信用证要求提交“凭托运人指示的空白背书的全套已装船海运提单”(5)2.对外直接投资增长的一个主要原因是派生需求(derived demand)的增长。
商务英语经济外贸英文期末试卷2
期末考试试卷_2007_--- 2008 学年第 2 学期 2007 级《 外贸英文 》课程（Ｂ）卷Ⅰ.Match the signs give on the left with the meaning on the right.(10%) 1. counter A.eliminate 2. skimpy B.traditional 3. callous C.see 4. conventional D.offset 5. weather unch 6. suspected F.carry out 7. implement G.cool8. abolish H.not enough 9. initiate I. suspicious 10.witness J. get throughⅡ.Complete the following sentences with given words as examples. (16%) Eg: sharply divided, adoption, opioins, floating exchange-rate.Opinions on the adoption of floating exchange-rate system are sharply divided among financial experts.1) China, pressure, national interest, in consideraton of _____________________________________________________2) international transaction, balance of payment, credit, debit. ______________________________________________________3) pay little heed to, MNCS, the training of the local labor, technolgically dependent, they say._______________________________________________________4. another member, any advantage or favor, all other members automaticlly, any WTO member.____________________________________________________Ⅲ. Define the following terms for trade.(16%)1.most-favoured nation treatment2. international reserve3.free trade4. countervailing duty班 级：________________ 姓 名：___________________ 学 号：_________________-------------------------------------------------------------------------------密 封 线-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ.Put the following sentences into Chinese.(15%)1.A free trade area is an assoction of trading nations whose members agree to remove all restrictive barriers among themseves. Each member, however, maintains its own set of trade restriction against outsider.2. Other countries’ governmets also, from time to time, use the threat to intervene in trade policy as a bargaining tool to help open foreign markets and force trading partners to play by the rules of the game for international trade.3. PRC is situated in East Asia. She is the largest and most populous developing country in the world. PRC is essentially an agricultural country thoungh it has made remorkabe progress in the manufacturing sector in the past two decades.China’s manufactured products include consumer goods, indrustrial products , electric goods like iceboxes, color TV sets, cell phones, ships, chemicals, textiles, apparels and steel.Ⅴ. Answer the following questions.(15%)1.What is trade policy? What are its componet parts and objectives?2.What does exchange rate means? Introduce two types of exchang-rate system intrade.3.What were the principal contributions made by GATT?Ⅵ. Fill in each of the gaps with one word. Make sure the word you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.(10%)1)Export tariffs are ______ by the US constitution but are often applied by developing nations.2) H-O theory emphasizes the ______between the proportions in which different factor of production and proportions in which they are used in producing goods.3) By the 18th century, the economic policy of the mercantilists were under________.4) Rather than ______the ball on free trade, the administration has shown itse eager to violate its world trade organization.5) Without trade the US cannot become a kingdom of automobiles because of most of its oil _____ from abroad.Ⅶ. Reading comprehension. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your Colored Answer sheet.The UR was carried out under the pressure of rising protectionism in 1980s which was caused by three fatctors. The first one was the huge economic success of Japan which strained the world trading system. In 1947 when the GATT was establish Japan was in ruins. By the early 1980s, however, it had become the world’s second largerst economy and the largest expoter On the other hand Japanese market were closed to imports and foreign inverstment as a result of Japan’s administravtive barriers.The second factor was the persistent trade deficit of the United States, the world’s largest economy. In 1987, for instance, its trade deficit peaked at ower $170 billion. The thirdreason for the trend toward rising protectionism was that many countries found ways to get around GATT regulations by using bilateral voluntary exports restrains. The value of imports affectid by such non-tariff barriers increased 23% between 1981-1986.A）Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) (12%)1) Japanese markets were not open to investors in other countries as its restritive measures ( )2) The tendency for protectionism in the world is that some nations try to bypass GATT rules ( )3) The Uraguay Round was implemented under stress of proctive envirnment brounght about by some reasons.( )4) America was the sencond largest superpower in the world in 1982.( )5) The world’s largest economy faced up uninterrupted deficit which caused by protectionism.6) The output of imports into America was influenced by tariffs between 1981-1986.( )B）Put the sentence underlined into Chinese. (6%)_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________班 级：________________ 姓 名：___________________ 学 号：_________________--------------------------------------------------------------密 封 线-------------------------------------------------------------------------------《外贸英文》课程（Ｂ）卷答案Ⅰ.Match the signs give on the left with the meaning on the right.1.D2.H3.G4.B5.J6.I7. F8.A9. E 10.CⅡ.Complete the following sentences with given words as examples.1) In consideration of her national interests and problems, China will not easily yieldto thee pressure.2) A balance of payments account reguires that each international transaction be entered as credit or a debit.3) They say some MNCs try to keep them technolgically dependent and pay little heed to their the training of the local labor.4. They say some MNCs try to keep theim technologically dependent and pay little heed to training of the local labor.Ⅲ. Define the following terms for trade.1.Any favorable or preferential treatment in the fields of goods trade, service trade,and intellectual property given by any WTO member shall be accoreded to all other member nations.2.It refers to some of a central bank’s holdings of assets dominated in a foreingncurrency.3.The flow of goods and services across national frontiers without the interferenceof laws, tarriffs, quotas or other resrictions.4.It refers to extra import imposed by a country on certain imports.Ⅳ.Put the following sentences into Chinese.1．它是一种它的成员国同意取消他们间一切限制性壁垒的联盟。
商务英语07年考卷
第 1 页 共 8 页Ⅰ、Translate the following terms into Chinese or vice versa. (25%) 1．marketing budget 2．controlling stake 3．capital-spending binge 4．money and bond markets 5．clearing and settlement cycles 6．上市公司 7．电子商务 8．垃圾债券 9．价格透明度 10．证券交易所 11．短期投资 12．农业补贴 13．贸易逆差 14．经济繁荣与萧条交替循环 15． 股票市场泡沫 Ⅱ、Choose the appropriate phrases given below to fill in each blank of the sentences. Make changes when necessary. (20%) 1．The market imports from Asia, Europe, Central and South America ever since.班级学号姓名命题教师 教研室（系）主任审核(签字) ---------------------------------------------装-----------------------------------------订----------------------------------------线------------------------- 装订线以内不准作任何标记2007 /2008学年第 一 学期考试题（卷）2．The politician popular prejudices to serve his political ends.3．The ambitious student was taken a rich entrepreneur and was thus able to embark on his market research program.4．The economic crisis can not be viewed from other social factors. 5．For families in that area, footwear can be a .6．The government a mandatory report on the implementation of the resolution approval.7．However attractive the program might be, no one can deny that it will80 percent of the budget.8．a new plan is expected to by the end of the year.9．Since the program started, everything has been .10．The whole debate in early 1990s the question whether china should adopt a market economy or not.Ⅲ、Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. (30%)1．"Made in china "lost its novelty long ago. the label has become ubiquitous in much of the world, affixed to shoes, toys, apparel and a host of other items produced for global companies. What is a novelty, however, are China-made goods sold under Chinese brand names .Only a handful of Chinese firms so far have money and the management expertise to establish international brands.第 2 页共8 页第 3 页 共 8 页2．Along with being faster-growing, the New Economy is more exposed to the forces of volatility. The tech investment cycle has extreme ups and downs. Innovations, once funded by fairly stable corporate research-and-development budgets and government grants, is whipsawed by fluctuations in financing from venture capitalists and initial public offerings . 3．This analysis even puts a different perspective on the euro's impact on price transparency. True, the single currency will make it easier for consumers to compare prices. But the starting point for this change is that Europe currently has heterogeneous customers who largely buy heterogeneous products with different ingredients, labels and packages. Much else will need to converge before prices do. 课程名称: 商务英语（1） 使用班级 经管院04级班级 学号姓名---------------------------------------------装-----------------------------------------订----------------------------------------线--------------------------------------------装订线以 内不准作任何标 记4.The buzzword in business before September 11 was “visibility”.Company after company lamented its inability to see clearly about future prospects amid the worsening economy and dot-com debacle. Now, though, corporate America has a clear vision of the immediate future--and it's not a pretty one.5. There is no doubt that, in the long run, a system of both freer trade and fair trade which ensures that all participants play by a well-defined set of humane, market-based rules can maximize incomes for most, if not all, countries around the world. NAFTA and the WTO have failed to achieve these desirable outcomes because they were fatally flawed.第 4 页共8 页第 5 页 共 8 页Ⅳ、Read the following text and choose the best sentence from A to E below to fill in each of the gaps in the text. (10%) The senior managements of China ’s leading brands have realized the need to expand overseas. For instance Haier ’s CEO, Zhang Ruimin, has stated that in his view, the key to the Group ’s rapid growth will continue to rely on an internationalization strategy, especially with the development of the Internet economy and China ’s pending entry to the WTO. 1) The Group has employed the OEC management model to its market chains and has progressed from being a borrower of ideas into becoming a successful innovator in business development. While a brand like Haier has started to earn a reputation abroad in its own right, other leading Chinese brands have become suppliers overseas, though these brands may not be instantly recognized.2) Erdos has been superb at developing cashmere garments for the domestic and international market. Globally, department stores now carry reasonably-priced cashmere sweaters as do the large US mail-order catalogues, such as Lands End and LL Bean. 3) New product innovation is also a hallmark of many of the leading brands. This is true for the electronic appliance manufacturers as well as the pharmaceutical companies and automobile makers.4) For instance, Erdos, China ’s largest cashmere garment manufacturer, is working on a range of new products to suit the changing global market. These include un-dyed ecologically sound products, products that can be hand washed, cashmere and silk blends, stretchable cashmere, beans cashmere (which is blended with fibres produced from beans) and new superior quality cashmere range under the super Erdos ’ brand. There is also an element of succeeding in the market through longevity. Hongtashan cigarettes, a valuable brand in China, is an example of this. There is little scope for product innovation. 5) A ．These sweaters are mostly China-made and mostly by Erdos.班级 学号姓名---------------------------------------------装-----------------------------------------订----------------------------------------线--------------------------------------------装 订 线以内不准作任 何标记课程名称: 商务英语（1） 使用班级 经管院04级B．much of the company’s success has been attributed to him, who has been applauded both at home and abroad for his creative leadership and corporate management practices.C．An example of this is Erdos, the cashmere company from Inner Mongolia. D．However, longevity and beating the foreign competition are crucial elements for brand success in China.E．Though this is more difficult for a long-standing brand with little scope for innovation such as Hongtashan cigarettes, other brands that have been around a long time have found ways to innovate.Ⅴ、Read the passage Carefully，and then do the questions their follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points)Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large.The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institution, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker(证券经纪人)to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly,第 6 页共8 页第 7 页 共 8 页requiring more than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently needed to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance. 1.Almost all companies involved in new production and development must A)rely in their own financial resources. B)persuade the banks to provide long-term finance. C)borrow large sums of money from friends and people we know. D)depend on the population as a whole for finance. 2.The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is A)repaid to its original owners as soon as possible. B)raised by the selling of shares in the companies. C)exchanged for part ownership in The Stock Exchange. D)invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange. 3.when the savers want their money back they _____. A)ask another company to obtain their money for them. B)look for other people to borrow money from. C)put their shares in the company back on the market. D)transfer their money to a more successful company. 4.All the essential services on which we depend are _____. A)run by the Government or our local authorities. B)in constant need of financial support. C)financed wholly by rates and taxes.班级 学号姓名---------------------------------------------装-----------------------------------------订----------------------------------------线-------------------------------------------- 装订线以内不准作任 何标记课程名称: 商务英语（1） 使用班级 经管院04级D)unable to provide for the needs of the population.5. The Stock exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries _____A) to borrow as much money as they wish.B) to make certain everybody saves money.C) to raise money to finance new developments.D) to make certain everybody lends money to them.第8 页共8 页。
2007年7月外贸英语写作（试题）
2007年7⽉外贸英语写作（试题）全国2007年7⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试外贸英语写作试题课程代码：00097请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Part One: Questions 1-20Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. （在下列各题中选择⼀个最佳答案填空。
）20%1. Customers are understandably angry ______ the delay.A. withB. forC. atD. toward2. Unless data can be assembled ______, we will lose business to our competitors.A. quickerB. more quicklyC. more quickD. much quickly3. ______ first class was questioned by the auditor.A. His travelingB. He travelingC. His travelD. He travel4. Y esterday the manager, along with the office secretary and accountant, ______ invited to the conference .A. wasB. wereC. isD. are5. Our staff agreed that ______ stand must be unified.A. theirB. ourC. it’sD. its6. A serious disagreement between the management and ______ caused ______ dismissal.A. he...himB. he (i)C. him...heD. him (i)7. Members debated the ______ of decentralization.A. pro and conB. pro’s and con’sC. pros and consD. pro-and-con8. ______ you have probably seen in our advertisements in fashion magazines, our products appeal to a wide age group.A. AsB. LikeC. SinceD. Because9. Send this form to ______ requests it.A. whomeverB. whoeverC. whomD. who10. This agreement is applicable to transactions in ______ direction between the two parties.A. bothB. twoC. eitherD. one11. I understand that Mr. Wood is the ______ officer of the bank.A. principleB. principalC. principledD. principality12. For only $35 you can choose three novels currently or recently on the ______.A. best-seller listB. best seller listC. list best sellerD. list of best-seller13. We were told that the consignment would be sent ______ to reach the final destination by mid November.A. so asB. in orderC. in timeD. as14. ______on our past experience, we suggest establishing a branch office in that city.A. BasedB. BasingC. ReliedD. Relying15. In the past two decades, the growth of direct foreign investment ______ mainly due to the activities of multinationals.A. has beenB. had beenC. isD. was16. She has not done a good job, ______ , she made some improvements.A. moreoverB. henceC. thereforeD. nevertheless17. I hope you ______ able to accept this invitation.A. to beB. areC. will beD. being18. She is more conscientious than ______ teacher I have ever had.A. anyB. other anyC. any otherD. other19. There should not be as many objections to this year’s proposal ______.A. as last year’sB. as there were to last year’sC. as last yearD. as there were to last year20. ______ needs adequate nourishment.A. EverybodyB. Every bodyC. SomebodyD. NobodyPart Two: Questions 21-30There is one mistake in each of the following questions. Detect and correct the mistakes. Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the answer sheet.（下列每句各有⼀个错误，找出错误并改正。
2007英语真题及答案
2007 年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Vocabulary ( 10 points )Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.1．His wife has been _______a lot of pressure on him to change his job．A．taking B．exerting C．giving D．pushing2．It is estimated that，currently, about 50，000 species become _____every year．A．extinct B．instinct C．distinct D．intense3．John says that his present job does not provide him with enough ______for his organizing ability．scope B．space C．capacity D．range4．Many _______will be opened up in the future for those with a university education．A.probabilitiesB.realities C．necessities D．opportunities5．After his uncle died，the young man _____the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble．A．inhabited B．inherited C．inhibited D．inhaled6．The manager is calling on a______ customer trying to talk him into signing the contract．A.prosperousB.preliminary C．pessimistic D．prospective7．In 1991，while t11e economies of industrialized countries met an economic_____，the economies of developing countries were growing very fast．A．revival B．repression C．recession D．recovery8．The destruction of the twin towers _________shock and anger throughout the world．A．summoned B．tempted C provoked D．stumbled9．About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in _____condition．A．decisive B．urgent C．vital D．critical10．The interactions between China and the US will surely have a significant _______on peace and stability in the Asia—Pacific region and the world as a whole．A．importance B．impression C．impact D．implication11．The poor countries are extremely _______to international economic fluctuations-A．inclined B．vulnerable C．attracted D．reduced12．Applicants should note that all positions are——to Australian citizenship requirements．A．subject B．subjective C．objected D．objective13．We aim to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and that they have equal ______to employment opportunities．A．entrance B．entry C．access D．admission14．Successful learning is not a(n)________activity but consists of four distinct stages in a specific orderA．only B．sole C．mere D．single15．The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so Can ________the performance of many children．A．withhold B．prevent C．enhance D．justify16．All her hard work __________in the end，and she finally passed the exam．A．showed off B．paid off C．1eft off D．kept off17．In order to live the kind of life we want and to be the person we want to be，we have to do more than just ________with events．A．put sup B．set up C．turn up D．make up18．The team played hard because the championship of the state was______.A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best19．I don’t think you'll change his mind；once he’s decided on so something he tends to _____it.A．stick to B．abide by C．comply with D．keep on20．Tom placed the bank notes，_________the change and receipts，back in the drawer．A. more thanB. but for C．thanks to D. along withSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she’s worried about what she calls’my rolling mental blackouts.””I try to remember something and I just blank out，”she saysYou may 22 about these lapses，calling them ”senior moments ”or blaming "early Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)．”Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age—related．“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，”says Paul Gold．“A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．”In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades．In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as 27 as many of us think．“As we 28 ，the memory mechanism isn’t 29 ，”says psychologist Fergus Craik．”It’s just inefficient．”/The brain’s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there’s less activity in the brain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，”It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athlete is winded（气喘吁吁）more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.”There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 3 7 effort．Margaret Sewell says：”We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain. 3 9 shape．It’s like having a good body．You Can’t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.”21．A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never22．A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize23．A. much B. little C. more D. less24．A. since B. for C. by D. because25．A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health26．A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding27．A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly28．A．mature B. advance C. age D. grow29．A. broken B. poor C. perfect D. working30．A. pattern B. time C. space D. information31．A . why B. how C. what D. when32．A. since B. hence C. that D. although33．A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse34．A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained35．A. as B. till C. though D. yet36．A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes37．A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends38．A. rest B. come C. work D. study39．A. to B. for C. on D. in40．A. so B. or C. and D. ifSection III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OnePrior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, manysmall languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________.A．an increasingly interconnected worldB．maintaining small numbers of speakersC．relatively isolated language communitiesD．following the tradition of the 20th century42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______.A．uncertain B．unrealistic C．foreseeable D．definite43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________.A．small languages become acceptable in work placesB．homogenize the world’s languages and culturesC．global languages reach home and community settingsD．speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identityputer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________.A．makes learning a global language unnecessaryB．facilitates the learning and using of those languagesC．raises public awareness of saving those languagesD．makes it easier for linguists to study those languages45.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________.A．remarkably well-kept in this modern worldB．exceptionally powerful tools of communicationC．quite possible to be revived instead of dying outD．a unique way of bringing different groups togetherPassage TwoEveryone，it seems，has a health problem。
2007年上半年高等教育自学考试统一命题考试
2007年上半年高等教育自学考试统一命题考试论文写作之英美文学部分试卷Directions:1. Time limit: 150 minutes.2. All the questions should be answered in English.3. Write your answer clearly and neatly on the Answer Sheet.Read the story and answer the following questions in a critical essay around 500-600 English words. Y our answer will be judged on the basis of your understanding, analytical ability, writing skill, the organization and language quality of your essay. (40 points)Questions:1. A summary of the plot.ment on the three characters: the mother, Maggie, and Dee.3.An analysis of the conflict/conflicts and irony/ironies in the story. What is thesignificance of the title in relation to the central conflict?4.An analysis of the theme.Everyday Use(1973)Alice WalkerI will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yesterday afternoon. A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house.Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners, homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her.You've no doubt seen those TV shows where the child who has "made it" is confronted, as a surprise, by her own mother and father, tottering in weakly from backstage. (A pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?) On TV mother and child embrace and smile into each other's faces. Sometimes the mother and father weep, the child wraps them in her arms and leans across the table to tell how she would not have made it without their help. I have seen these programs.Sometimes I dream a dream in which Dee and I are suddenly brought together on a TV program of this sort. Out of a dark and soft-seated limousine I am ushered into a bright room filled with many people. There I meet a smiling, gray, sporty man like Johnny Carson who shakes my hand and tells me what a fine girl I have. Then we are on the stage and Dee is embracing me with tears in her eyes. She pins on my dress a large orchid, even though she has told me once that she thinks orchids are tacky flowers.In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open fire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill before nightfall. But of course all this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pancake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.But that is a mistake. I know even before I wake up. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight, with my head fumed in whichever way is farthest from them. Dee, though. She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature."How do I look, Mama?" Maggie says, showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there, almost hidden by the door."Come out into the yard," I say.Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps a dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind to him? That is the way my Maggie walks. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground.Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure. She's a woman now, though sometimes I forget. How long ago was it that the other house burned? Ten, twelve years? Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. Her eyes seemed stretched open, blazed open by the flames reflected in them. And Dee. I see her standing off under the sweet gum tree she used to dig gum out of; a look of concentration on her face as she watched the last dingy gray board of the house fall in toward the red-hot brick chimney. Why don't you do a dance around the ashes? I'd wanted to ask her. She had hated the house that much.I used to think she hated Maggie, too. But that was before we raised money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school. She used to read to us without pity; forcing words, lies, other folks' habits, whole lives upon us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. Pressed us to her with the serf' oust way she read, to shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand.Dee wanted nice things. A yellow organdy dress to wear to her graduation from high school; black pumps to match a green suit she'd made from an old suit somebody gave me. She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. Her eyelids would not flicker for minutes at a time. Often I fought off the temptation to shake her. At sixteen she had a style of her own: and knew what style was.I never had an education myself. After second grade the school was closed down. Don't ask my why: in 1927 colored asked fewer questions than they do now. Sometimes Maggie reads to me. She stumbles along good-naturedly but can't see well. She knows she is not bright. Like good looks and money, quickness passes her by. She will marry John Thomas (who has mossy teeth in an earnest face) and then I'll be free to sit here and I guess just sing church songs to myself. Although I never was a good singer. Never could carry a tune. I was always better at a man's job. I used to love to milk till I was hooked in the side in '49. Cows are soothing and slow and don't bother you, unless you try to milk them the wrong way.I have deliberately turned my back on the house. It is three rooms, just like the one that burned, except the roof is tin; they don't make shingle roofs any more. There are no real windows, just some holes cut in the sides, like the portholes in a ship, but not round and not square, with rawhide holding the shutters up on the outside. This house is in a pasture, too, like the other one. No doubt when Dee sees it she will want to tear it down. She wrote me once that no matter where we "choose" to live, she will manage tocome see us. But she will never bring her friends. Maggie and I thought about this and Maggie asked me, "Mama, when did Dee ever have any friends?"She had a few. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school. Nervous girls who never laughed. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. She read to them.When she was courting Jimmy T she didn't have much time to pay to us, but turned all her faultfinding power on him. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. She hardly had time to recompose herself.When she comes I will meet—but there they are!Maggie attempts to make a dash for the house, in her shuffling way, but I stay her with my hand. "Come back here," I say. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.It is hard to see them clearly through the strong sun. But even the first glimpse of leg out of the car tells me it is Dee. Her feet were always neat-looking, as if God himself had shaped them with a certain style. From the other side of the car comes a short, stocky man. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. I hear Maggie suck in her breath. "Uhnnnh, " is what it sounds like. Like when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your foot on the road. "Uhnnnh."Dee next. A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun.I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, and hanging down to her shoulders. Bracelets dangling and making noises when she moves her arm up to shake the folds of the dress out of her armpits. The dress is loose and flows, and as she walks closer, I like it. I hear Maggie go "Uhnnnh" again. It is her sister's hair. It stands straight up like the wool on a sheep. It is black as night and around the edges are two long pigtails that rope about like small lizards disappearing behind her ears."Wasuzo-Teano!" she says, coming on in that gliding way the dress makes her move. The short stocky fellow with the hair to his navel is all grinning and he follows up with "Asalamalakim, my mother and sister!" He moves to hug Maggie but she falls back, right up against the back of my chair. I feel her trembling there and when I look up I see the perspiration falling off her chin."Don't get up," says Dee. Since I am stout it takes something of a push. You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. She turns, showing white heels through her sandals, and goes back to the car. Out she peeks next with a Polaroid. Shestoops down quickly and lines up picture after picture of me sitting there in front of the house with Maggie cowering behind me. She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. Then she puts the Polaroid in the back seat of the car, and comes up and kisses me on the forehead.Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie's hand. Maggie's hand is as limp as a fish, and probably as cold, despite the sweat, and she keeps trying to pull it back. It looks like Asalamalakim wants to shake hands but wants to do it fancy. Or maybe he don't know how people shake hands. Anyhow, he soon gives up on Maggie."Well," I say. "Dee.""No, Mama," she says. "Not 'Dee,' Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo!""What happened to 'Dee'?" I wanted to know."She's dead," Wangero said. "I couldn't bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me.""You know as well as me you was named after your aunt Dicie," I said. Dicie is my sister. She named Dee. We called her "Big Dee" after Dee was born."But who was she named after?" asked Wangero."I guess after Grandma Dee," I said."And who was she named after?" asked Wangero."Her mother," I said, and saw Wangero was getting tired. "That's about as far back as I can trace it," I said. Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches."Well," said Asalamalakim, "there you are.""Uhnnnh," I heard Maggie say."There I was not," I said, "before 'Dicie' cropped up in our family, so why should I try to trace it that far back?"He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head."How do you pronounce this name?" I asked."You don't have to call me by it if you don't want to," said Wangero."Why shouldn't 1?" I asked. "If that's what you want us to call you, we'll call you.""I know it might sound awkward at first," said Wangero."I'll get used to it," I said. "Ream it out again."Well, soon we got the name out of the way. Asalamalakim had a name twice as long and three times as hard. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber. I wanted to ask him was he a barber, but I didn't really think he was, so I didn't ask."You must belong to those beef-cattle peoples down the road," I said. They said "Asalamalakim" when they met you, too, but they didn't shake hands. Always too busy: feeding the cattle, fixing the fences, putting up salt-lick shelters, throwing down hay. When the white folks poisoned some of the herd the men stayed up all night with rifles in their hands. I walked a mile and a half just to see the sight.Hakim-a-barber said, "I accept some of their doctrines, but farming and raising cattle is not my style." (They didn't tell me, and I didn't ask, whether Wangero (Dee) had really gone and married him.)We sat down to eat and right away he said he didn't eat collards and pork was unclean. Wangero, though, went on through the chitlins and com bread, the greens and everything else. She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes. Everything delighted her. Even the fact that we still used the benches her daddy made for the table when we couldn't effort to buy chairs."Oh, Mama!" she cried. Then turned to Hakim-a-barber. "I never knew how lovely these benches are. You can feel the rump prints," she said, running her hands underneath her and along the bench. Then she gave a sigh a nd her hand closed over Grandma Dee's butter dish. "That's it!" she said. "I knew there was something I wanted to ask you if I could have." She jumped up from the table and went over in the corner where the churn stood, the milk in it crabber by now. She looked at the churn and looked at it."This churn top is what I need," she said. "Didn't Uncle Buddy whittle it out of a tree you all used to have?""Yes," I said."Un huh," she said happily. "And I want the dasher, too.""Uncle Buddy whittle that, too?" asked the barber.Dee (Wangero) looked up at me."Aunt Dee's first husband whittled the dash," said Maggie so low you almost couldn't hear her. "His name was Henry, but they called him Stash.""Maggie's brain is like an elephant's," Wangero said, laughing. "I can use the chute top as a centerpiece for the alcove table," she said, sliding a plate over the chute, "and I'll think of something artistic to do with the dasher."When she finished wrapping the dasher the handle stuck out. I took it for a moment in my hands. You didn't even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. It was beautiful light yellow wood, from a tree that grew in the yard where Big Dee and Stash had lived.After dinner Dee (Wangero) went to the trunk at the foot of my bed and started rifling through it. Maggie hung back in the kitchen over the dishpan. Out came Wangero with two quilts. They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and me had hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. One was in the Lone Star pattern. The other was Walk Around the Mountain. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had won fifty and more years ago. Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jattell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War."Mama," Wanegro said sweet as a bird. "Can I have these old quilts?"I heard something fall in the kitchen, and a minute later the kitchen door slammed."Why don't you take one or two of the others?" I asked. "These old things was just done by me and Big Dee from some tops your grandma pieced before she died.""No," said Wangero. "I don't want those. They are stitched around the borders by machine.""That'll make them last better," I said."That's not the point," said Wangero. "These are all pieces of dresses Grandma used to wear. She did all this stitching by hand. Imag' ine!" She held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them."Some of the pieces, like those lavender ones, come from old clothes her mother handed down to her," I said, moving up to touch the quilts. Dee (Wangero) moved back just enough so that I couldn't reach the quilts. They already belonged to her."Imagine!" she breathed again, clutching them closely to her bosom."The truth is," I said, "I promised to give them quilts to Maggie, for when she marries John Thomas."She gasped like a bee had stung her."Maggie can't appreciate these quilts!" she said. "She'd probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.""I reckon she would," I said. "God knows I been saving 'em for long enough with nobody using 'em. I hope she will!" I didn't want to bring up how I had offered Dee(Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told they were old-fashioned, out of style."But they're priceless!" she was saying now, furiously; for she has a temper. "Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they'd be in rags. Less than that!""She can always make some more," I said. "Maggie knows how to quilt."Dee (Wangero) looked at me with hatred. "You just will not understand. The point is these quilts, these quilts!""Well," I said, stumped. "What would you do with them?""Hang them," she said. As if that was the only thing you could do with quilts.Maggie by now was standing in the door. I could almost hear the sound her feet made as they scraped over each other."She can have them, Mama," she said, like somebody used to never winning anything, or having anything reserved for her. "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts."I looked at her hard. She had filled her bottom lip with checkerberry snuff and gave her face a kind of dopey, hangdog look. It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee who taught her how to quilt herself. She stood there with her scarred hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear but she wasn't mad at her. This was Maggie's portion. This was the way she knew God to work.When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet. Just like when I'm in church and the spirit of God to uches me and I get happy and shout. I did something I never done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangero's hands and dumped them into Maggie's lap. Maggie just sat there on my bed with her mouth open."Take one or two of the others," I said to Dee.But she turned without a word and went out to Hakim-a-barber."You just don't understand," she said, as Maggie and I came out to the car."What don't I understand?" I wanted to know."Your heritage," she said, and then she turned to Maggie, kissed her, and said, "You ought to try to make something of yourself, too, Maggie. It's really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live you'd never know it."She put on some sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and chin.Maggie smiled; maybe at the sunglasses. But a real smile, not scared. After we watched the car dust settle I asked Maggie to bring me a dip of snuff. And then the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed.。
2007年英语真题+答案解析
河南省2007年普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语Part Ⅰ Word Formation (1×10 points)Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements in this part. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word, and write the right answer in the brackets.1.All the men were under heavy ____ working day and night (press).2.The young industrial engineer did everything in a ____ way (leisure)3.These activities help to greatly ____ the ties among the club members (strong).4.She repeated his name ____, too shocked to say more (help).5.Many foreign words and phrases have_______the English language.(rich).6.Nowadays, we are in a very_______business environment.(competition).7.As a college student, you should aim for an __of knowledge well beyond your area of specialization.(expand)8.In our ____, the laboring people are masters of country (social).9.She is always ____ to help others (will).10.His stories written in her later years were not interesting because of his ____ of imagination(poor).Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (1×40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentences, and then write the choice in the brackets.11.One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.A. is heatedB. will be heatedC. be heatedD. would be heated12.I have to ________ my expenditure to my income.A. transferB. adjustC. directD. add13.If he had been in better health, he ________ more books.A. can writeB. could have writtenC. could writeD. have written14.With the development of industry, this region will surely ________.A. DevelopB. profitC. succeedD. thrive15.I’m going to spend the winter vacation in Shanghai, ________ I have relatives.A. WhichB. neverthelessC. whereD. when16. The new campus is ________ as the old one.A.twice as bigB.as twice bigC.twice bigD.big as twice17.If ________ to speak, he has no problem expressing himself.A. AskedB. askingC. askD. to be asked18.Mum is getting old, so her memory is not very ________ these days.A. TrueB. forgettableC. reliableD. credit19.Which door does this key ________to?A. SetB. fitC. becomeD. belong20.Much ________ my regret, I am unable to accept your kind invitation.A. toB. atC. withD. by21.It ought to be you ________ me that signs the letter.A. butB. in spite ofC. ratherD. rather than22.Literature must consist of words, ________ music must consist of sounds.A. even thoughB. so thatC. just asD. ever since23.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. being completedB. is completedC. to be completedD. completed24.I prefer walking ________.A.to driveB.to drivingC.than driveD.than driving25.The committee a conclusion only after days of discussion.A. AchievedB. reachedC. arrivedD. completed is ________ among the seven continents.A. largestB. the largestC. largerD. the larger27. You me because I didn’t say that.A. must understandB. must be understandingC. must have understoodD. had to misunderstand28.Generally speaking, nodding your head is to saying yes.A. contraryB. equivalentC. secondaryD.relevant29.I have been to the West Lake three times 1970.A. sinceB. untilC. fromD. after30. gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems.A. Not onlyB. UnlessC. ExceptD. Besides31.Seldom in such a rude way.A. we have been treatedB. have we been treatedC. we have treatedD. have we treated32. , that step is not safe!A. Look aroundB. Look upC. Look outD. Look down33.He went on to say that it was as important to respect others as ________ by others.A. to be respectedB. to respectC. being respectedD. respected34.I saw a traffic this morning.A. eventB. conflictC. damageD. accident35. you ought to do is to see a doctor.A. HowB. WhatC. WhichD. That36.Every means but without much result.A. have been triedB. has been triedC. have triedD. has tried37.Finding it difficult to to the climate in the city, he decided to move to the north.A. fitB. adoptC. suitD. adapt38.We must begin testing this instrument, no matter difficult it is.A. howeverB. howC. whateverD. what39.He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit reach.A. withinB. beyondC. offD. inside40.The man was stolen called the police.A. his walletB. the wallet of hisC. whose walletD. the wallet of whom41.Those opinions are now out of .A. orderB. formC. moodD. fashion42.Neither Mary nor her sister to the party.A. goB. are goingC. have goneD. is going43.Any student in swimming can apply for membership.A. having a keen interestB. with a keen interestingC. who is keenly interestingD. has a keen interest44.Just because he failed once, it does not that he will fail every time.A. followB. happenC. appearD. seem45.He plays not only the piano, the violin.A. and alsoB. but alsoC. but as well asD. but as well46.The population of the world is growing at a dangerous .A. stepB. measureC. rateD. progress47. him do this job by himself ?A. Why don’t letB. Why not lettingC. Why not letD. Why you not to let48.He speaks English ________ better than I.A. veryB. muchC. tooD. so49.There can be no doubt someone had visited the house before they arrived.A. whyB. whetherC. howD. that50.He grew more and more absorbed in his work, he almost forgot his meals.A. that to such an extentB. to an extent such thatC. to such an extentD. such that to an extentPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and write it in the brackets.Passage 1Advertising follows us everywhere. Whenever we turn on the television, listen to the radio or open a newspaper or a magazine, we are bombarded with advertisements. They invite us to try a new type of orange juice, wear X brand jeans or watch the latest film. They beg us to notice the difference and discover the advantages. They exist to make us want what they are selling.Strangely, the more we are exposed to advertising, the less we notice it. We get so used to seeing advertisements everywhere that they become largely invisible, as if they were another part of our everyday lives. But does that mean that we are no longer affected by them?One advertising expert believes that the special power of advertising lies in the fact that we do not pay much attention to it. Dr. Krugman, who was head of research for a major advertising company for many years, says that the less we notice ads, the more we are affected by them. Dr. Krugman believes that when we stop noticing advertisements, we lower our defenses, allowing the messages of the advertisements to be taken in and stored, ready to be triggered into action at the right moment. He says that the effects of advertising on the individual are small, but over a period of time they have a powerful effect on the masses.A market analyst says that all advertising, no matter how innocent, is misleading in some way.When asked about the power of advertising in research surveys, most people agree that it works, but not on them. Almost everyone believes that they have complete control over how thousands of ads they see every day affect them.51. Ads exist to make people want________ .A. a new type of orange juiceB. X brand jeansC. to watch the latest filmD. what they advertise52. The more we see ads, the less we .A. pay attention to themB. feel tired of themC. neglect themD. put up with them53. Although we may think we are not affected by them, Dr. Krugman believes that advertisements affect________ .A. all of usB. most of usC. some of usD. a few individuals54. Dr. Krugman believes that when we stop noticing ads, we begin to________ .A. like themB. be on guard against themC. accept themD. dislike them55. When asked about the power of ads, most people agree that ads are ineffective on________ .A. IndividualsB. massesC. OthersD. themPassage 2Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year agoabout delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are g oing to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”56. From the passage, we understand that________ .A. the author did not understand the importance of giving until he was in late thirtiesB. the author was like most people who were mostly receivers rather than giversC. the author received the same education as most people during his childhoodD. the author liked most people as they looked upon life as a process of getting57. According to the author, ________.A. giving means you will lack moneyB. the excitement of giving can bring you moneyC. you don’t have to be rich in order to giveD. when you give away money, you will be rich58. The author wrote a note of appreciation to the post office because________ .A. he knew what such a note would mean to the post office.B. he had discovered giving away made life all the more exciting.C. he believed he would get something back by doing so.D. the postman delivered an important letter in time.59. When the author needed a post office box, ________.A. he had to put his name on a waiting listB. he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciationC. many people had applied for post office boxes before himD. he asked the postmaster to make one for him60. In reply to the postmaster’s question, the author said ________.A. it was the special deliveryB. it was the post office boxC. it was the note of appreciation he wroteD. it was he who wrote him a letter a year agoPassage 3Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest years for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33 percent—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago based Market Research Corporation of America.For those who feel pain or guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance.” said Arnold E. Bender, the former professor of nutrition at Queen Eli zabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.”Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt at the University of Texas, “is poor”.61. The passage is mainly concerned with________ .A. a study of the Chicago based Market Research CorporationB. one of life’s essentialsC. latest figures of people w ho don’t eat breakfastD. breakfast and human health62. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that ________.A. several studies have been done in the past few yearsB. not eating breakfast does no harm to one’s healthC. adults have especially made studies in this fieldD. eating little in the morning may be good for health63. In the third paragraph, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.” means________.A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performanceB. not giving people breakfast improves performanceC. people having breakfast do improve their performanceD. having breakfast does not improve performance, either64. The word “literature” in the last sentence refers to________ .A. stories about breakfastB. written works on a particular subjectC. any printed materialsD. the modern novels of American65. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.A. not eating breakfast might affect the health of childrenB. breakfast does not affect performanceC. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in LondonD. People who don’t eat breakfast have increasedPassage 4Each day, computers help millions of people do their jobs more effectively. For example, they can help managers decide on a future course of action, and they can then help with the follow up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and timely facts supplied by data base management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities. And managers may not need to spend as much time in controlling when a computer can respond with a triggered report if actual performance varies from what was planned. The time saved in controlling may allow managers to give mor e attention to employees’ concerns, and this, in turn, may result in improved morale (士气).But employment benefits certainly aren’t restricted to managers. Healthcare researchers and other scientists also use computers to conduct research into complex prob lem areas that couldn’t otherwise be studied. Lawyers use online legal data banks to locate precedent (先前的) cases in order to serve clients better. Salespeople can receive more timely information about products in stock, can promise customers that their sales orders will be handled promptly, and can thus improve their sales performance because of the computer system. And the job duties of some office and factory workers have changed from routine, repetitive operations to more varied and appealing tasks through computer usage. For example, office workers who understand textprocessing, computing, and data communication usually have vital roles and are given critical office functions to perform.66. Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer?A. Helping managers decide on a future course of action.B. Helping managers check if planned goals are reached.C. Helping managers save time in writing a report.D. Helping managers design a spreadsheet package.67. Employees may have better morale if________ .A. they have more time to restB. a computer is used in their workC. the manager spends more time with themD. the managers pay more attention to them68. Which of the following is the most essential to a successful businessman?A. He can use computers in his work.B. He can handle orders promptly.C. He can get timely information.D. He can improve his sales performance.69. The office duties used to be ________.A. DifficultB. boringC. HeavyD. appealing70. Which of the following is the best suggested title?A. Computers and ManagementB. Computer FunctionsC. Computer and Work PerformanceD. Employment Benefits by a ComputerPart Ⅳ Cloze (1×20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter in the brackets.We got up early this morning and 71 a long walk after breakfast. We walked 72 the business section of the city. I told you yesterday that the city 73 larger than I thought it would be. Well, the business section is smaller than I thought it would be. I suppose that’s 74 Washington is special kind of city. 75 of the people in Washington work for the government.About 9:30 we went to the White House. It’s 76 the public from 10 77 12, and there was a long line of people 78 to get in. We didn’t have to wait very long, because the line moved pretty quickly.The White House is really white. It 79 every year. And it seems very white, because it’s got beautiful lawns 80 around it, with many trees and shrubs. The grounds 81 about four square blocks. I mean, they’re about two blocks long 82 each side.Of course, we didn’t see the whole bui lding. The part 83 the President lives and works is not open to the public. But the part we saw was beautiful. We went through five of the main rooms. One of 84 was the library, on the ground floor. On the next floor, there are three rooms named 85 the colors that are used in them: the Red Room, the Blue Room, and the Green Room. The walls are covered with silk 86 . There are 87 old furniture, from the time 88 the White House was 89 built. And everywhere there are paintings and statues of former presidents and 90 famous people from history.71. A. made B. took C. did D. set72. A. among B. through C. between D. upon73. A. was B. is C. has been D. should be74. A. reason B. for C. because D. since75. A. Amounts B. Much C. A great deal D. Most76. A. open to B. opened to C. open for D. opened for77. A. near B. since C. towards D. till78. A. waited B. wait C. waiting D. to wait79. A. was painted B. has painted C. is painted D. paints80. A. all B. whole C. every D. each81. A. cover B. make C. cost D. spend82. A. about B. on C. in D. for83. A. that B. which C. where D. what84. A. that B. theirs C. it D. them85. A. for B. by C. with D. after86. A. cloth B. clothes C. clothing D. dressing87. A. many pieces of B. many bits of C. a great many D. many a88. A. which B. that C. when D. where89. A. firstly B. first C. at first D. early90. A. the other B. other C. others D. anotherPart Ⅴ Translation (2×10 points)Section ADirections: There are 5 sentences in this section. Please translate them from Chinese into English.91.他一直全身心地扑在工作上。
外贸函电07级考试试卷答案
I.Make the right choices1.By whom is an enquiry usually made in foreign trade? Ba seller; a buyer; a drawer; a beneficiary2. A firm offer is a(n) --------- to sell goods at a stated price, usually within a stated period of time. Apromise; decision; part; idea3. During business, the party who makes payment based on the draft is called---B---Drawer; drawee; beneficiary; applicant4. Point out which of the following expressions is a firm offer. DOur offer is subject to change without prior notice.Our offer is subject to goods being unsold.Our offer is subject to our final confirmation.Our offer is subject to your reply reaching here within 5 days.5. For payment by sight L/C, ---B-----usually advances the payment of the ordered goods to the seller.The opening bank; the negotiating bank; the advising bank; the reimbursing bank 6. For CIF transactions, we usually effect insurance for -B---- of the invoice value against…(risks) as per Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the PICC dated 1 August, 1981.100%; 110%; 120%; 150%7. A(n) ---C----- is an essential document in making a shipment because serves as an evidence of ownership of the goods.Draft; L/C; B/L; invoice8. If a trade dispute is referred by the parties for settlement to a tribunal of their own choosing, this method of settling dispute is known as----A----Arbitration; negotiation; claim; compromise9. In international business,----C----- is the most reliable method of payment.D/P; D/A; L/C; M/T10. Which of the following risks is not concluded in the coverage AR. CWPA; TPND; SRCC罢工险; FPAII.Put in the missing words with the first letter givenWe are informed that you are leading importers of textiles. Please be advised that we are specializing in the export of such commodities. If you are interested in establishing business relations with us in this line, we shall be pleased to forward samples and catalogues as well as detailed information upon request.We assure you of our best attention to any enquiries from you and anticipate your response in this respect.III.Explain the following terms.Prompt shipmentIn business circles, “prompt shipment” means goods should be shipped orloaded promptly after reaching the port, which has requirments for the shipping period. The International Chamber of Commerce stipulates that goods should be shipped and transported in 30 days. <个人翻译，仅供参考>即期装船时海运中运输的条款之一，海运中即期装船意味着货物运输到港口后立即装船，并且对货物的装货，运输期限都有要求，即在货物备齐之后立即运输到港口装船，这种问题一般涉及到进口商即买家支付海运费并且买家急需现货的时候适应的条款，如货物暂时无法备齐并且已运输到港口而事先又没有租船订舱，由此会产生港口仓位费用和滞留费用。
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全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试外贸英语写作试题课程代码：00097请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Part One: Questions 1-20Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. （在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。
）20%1. Customers are understandably angry ______ the delay.A. withB. forC. atD. toward2. Unless data can be assembled ______, we will lose business to our competitors.A. quickerB. more quicklyC. more quickD. much quickly3. ______ first class was questioned by the auditor.A. His travelingB. He travelingC. His travelD. He travel4. Y esterday the manager, along with the office secretary and accountant, ______ invited to the conference .A. wasB. wereC. isD. are5. Our staff agreed that ______ stand must be unified.A. theirB. ourC. it’sD. its6. A serious disagreement between the management and ______ caused ______ dismissal.A. he...him B. he (i)C. him...he D. him (i)7. Members debated the ______ of decentralization.A. pro and conB. pro’s and con’sC. pros and consD. pro-and-con8. ______ you have probably seen in our advertisements in fashion magazines, our products appeal to a wide age group.A. AsB. LikeC. SinceD. Because9. Send this form to ______ requests it.A. whomeverB. whoeverC. whomD. who10. This agreement is applicable to transactions in ______ direction between the two parties.A. bothB. twoC. eitherD. one11. I understand that Mr. Wood is the ______ officer of the bank.A. principleB. principalC. principledD. principality12. For only $35 you can choose three novels currently or recently on the ______.A. best-seller listB. best seller listC. list best sellerD. list of best-seller13. We were told that the consignment would be sent ______ to reach the final destination by mid November.A. so asB. in orderC. in timeD. as14. ______on our past experience, we suggest establishing a branch office in that city.A. BasedB. BasingC. ReliedD. Relying15. In the past two decades, the growth of direct foreign investment ______ mainly due to the activities of multinationals.A. has beenB. had beenC. isD. was16. She has not done a good job, ______ , she made some improvements.A. moreoverB. henceC. thereforeD. nevertheless17. I hope you ______ able to accept this invitation.A. to beB. areC. will beD. being18. She is more conscientious than ______ teacher I have ever had.A. anyB. other anyC. any otherD. other19. There should not be as many objections to this year’s proposal ______.A. as last year’sB. as there were to last year’sC. as last yearD. as there were to last year20. ______ needs adequate nourishment.A. EverybodyB. Every bodyC. SomebodyD. NobodyPart Two: Questions 21-30There is one mistake in each of the following questions. Detect and correct the mistakes. Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the answer sheet.（下列每句各有一个错误，找出错误并改正。
请将错误及改正写在答题纸上。
）20%Example: Who’s taking care the dog while you’re away?taking care →taking care of21. Chinese students studying aboard are proud of the achievements their motherland has made.22. I’ll resign as an accountant no matter you agree or not.23. Inside this gadget is installed a microcomputer; therefore, it is easier and more convenience to use.24. I suggest that he gets up early next morning so as to arrive at the airport in time.25. Complete satisfied, the president decided to reward all of his subordinates.26. Wealth achieving through dishonest means does not bring genuine happiness.27. As so much debt in the fiscal year, the company ran into trouble.28. I neither have the time nor the energy for the task you assigned me.29. The new shredder-compactor helped us save money, reducing pollution, and recycle paper.30. Having not been familiar with his ability, the board would not assign the new manager any challenging task.Part Three: Questions 31-40Write logical sentences with the words and phrases given. (用所给的词和词组写出符合逻辑的句子。
) 10%31. in the first half of / against / we have raised / this year / foreign exporters / many anti-dumping suits32. that you will need / which will / the report / be incorporated into / I assume / about two weeks / for the collection of data33. when you / bring more paper / to the office / and envelopes / come back34. might / anything unexpected / business transactions / in the fulfillment of / happen35. in the world / you / no one else / than Arnold John / who works harder / can find36. to fulfill this year / everybody knows / sales quota / a very challenging / that / we have37. that / the bank / it goes without saying / with reasonable care / should / it receives / examine the documents38. requires / long-term plans / the next ten years / over / the board / on your department’s / a report39. prefer / convenient to you / if / I would / that is / a late morning appointment40. has further increased / a recent survey / that / shows / in the past year / foreign investmentPart Four: Questions 41-50Each of the following sentences contains one punctuation error. One punctuation in each is either missing or misused. Detect the error and write the missing punctuation or your correction together with the word before the punctuation on the answer sheet.（下面每句都有一个标点符号错误，该用标点处未用标点或标点符号用错。