(高中英语2019版) 阅读理解(健康与饮食)(含解析)(含答案)

2019年高考英语高考英语含答案解析

高考英语试卷选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ACommunity(社区) service is important for many reasons.Taking part and volunteering teaches sympathy and understanding.One of my favorite things about it is that there are opportunities and choices right in your very neighborhood.When I was younger，I volunteered for a nearby animal shelter.At first I didn’t know many people there and wasn’t very ter，as I got to know the animals and staff members I learned to enjoy my time there.It was a very rewarding experience and I got to do many things I wouldn’t have had an opportunity to do otherwise.Sometimes when I was there I would see other kids taking part.Most of them were volunteering because they needed service hours for school.These kids sometimes just sat around waiting for their time to pass.But there were also others，who had apparently enjoyed their experiences，and wanted to do more afterwards.Not only is community service fun and rewarding，it also looks great on a resume(简历) or college application.Sometimes community service is even required for high school st year in my life skills class we were asked to write a paper about whether we thought requiring students at a university to complete 75 hours of community service was a good idea.I wrote，“I don’t think that is too much as long as the students are given enough time and a variety of choices.”As I move through life I will be always involved in community service，not just because it is important but also because it is something I enjoy and look forwardto.So maybe it is the right time you should go out，volunteer your time and make a difference，even if your reward is only a nod or smile.1．The writer began to enjoy volunteering at the animal shelter when he . A．realized the importance of community serviceB．witnessed some students wasting their timeC．got inspired by the enthusiastic volunteersD．adjusted himself to the new environment答案 D解析推理判断题。

(高中英语2019版) 阅读理解(家庭、社会生活)(含解析)(含答案)

（家庭、社会生活）李仕才导读：妈妈总是告诉我们如果我们在暗处看书会弄坏眼睛。

这种说法有科学依据吗？Some facts about vision scienceMom always told us we'd go blind if we read in the dark. Does science ①back her up? Jim Sheedy, a doctor of vision science and director of the Vision Performance Institute at Oregon's Pacific University, sets his sights on the truth.Dark MatterTurns out, our parents were wrong. “②There is no reason to believe nor evidence to support that any long-term damage to the eyes or change in the physiology to the eyes can be caused by reading in the dark,”Dr. Sheedy says.That is not to say that nocturnal page-turning won't lead to discomfort or fatigue.The lack of light will cause the pupils to dilate, ③resulting in a smaller depth of field —the distance between the nearest and farthest object that the eye considers to be in focus. Dr. Sheedy says the added effort to change focus and the effort to change the angle of the lines of sight between the two eyes will likely make your eyes feel tired and your body spent. But, of course, that's often the object of reading under the covers.Seeing ClearlyDr. Sheedy says he assures his students that there isn't enough evidence to argue that what you do with your eyes leads to myopia. 'The predominant determinant of myopia is genetics.' No link to long-term damage has ever been conclusively shown, says Dr. Sheedy. 'It's an old tale, a ploy used by moms to get kids to go to sleep when they wanted them to,' he says.Electronic AgeReading on a tablet device won't damage your eyes, Dr. Sheedy says. His team hasstudied various fonts, computer displays and pixel resolutions, and found the difference in effect on the eye between reading e-ink and the printed word to be negligible.He adds that pixel density and screen resolution have reached the point at which the eye doesn't know which it is seeing. So if reading a printed book in dim light is fine, so is reading a Kindle or iPad.Moving from Dark to LightThe eyes adapt quickly when going to the light—④emerging from a tunnel into the sun, say—but going to the dark 'requires the regeneration of photo pigments, and that takes some time to reach full dark-adaptation,' says Dr. Sheedy.Adjusting to the dim light next to your bed should only take seconds. But when going from bright light to maximum darkness, studies have shown, eye sensitivity continues to change for up to 25 minutes, he says.'Ever wonder why a pirate wears patches? It's not because he was wounded in a sword fight,' says Dr. Sheedy. Seamen must constantly move between the pitch black of below decks and the bright sunshine above.视觉科学的一些事实妈妈总是告诉我们如果我们在暗处看书会弄坏眼睛。

2019届高考英语阅读理解精选细做：饮食与健康类

饮食与健康类1、Good for your health? Socialising with your friends could bum more calories than running on a treadmill (跑步机). Socialising keeps you slim.Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people slimmer than spending hours on a treadmill, according to scientists. They say that socialising and meeting with friends help high levels of “brown fat” in the body bum calories to generate heat. Living in a stimulating social environment was found to reduce abdominal fat in mice by half over four weeks, even if they ate more.U. S. researchers say that social stimulation aids weight loss by converting white fat into brown. White stores calories andmakes us fatter, while brown bums energy to generate heat. Converting white fat into brown is notoriously difficult, normally requiring long term exposure to cold conditions or activating part of the body's nervous system.However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to stimulate them to lose far more weight over the course of the study than their "couch potato" counterparts.Study author Dr. Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in journal CellMetabolism said,“I’m still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs. ” Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socialising,he added,“It’s not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods,but an increasing lack of social engagement.''Co-author Dr. Lei Cao said, “ Loneliness is a profound factor for cancer and death; it’s on par with cigarette smoking. Social engagement is very important."1.In orde r to keep a charming feature, it’s better to _________.A.live sociallyB.run on a treadmillC.eat lessD.expose to coldness2.Couch potato counterparts refer to _________.A.a greater number of miceB.more space and toysC.those with more weightD.changing white fat to brown3.What do the underlined words “on par with" in Paragraph 6 mean?A.More than.B.Less than.C.At the same level as.D.At higher level than.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Socialising keeps you slim.B.Running on a treadmill keeps you slim.C.Turning white fat into brown.D.Living often with mice.2、Recently a study, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University, suggests that nearly a third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity. But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.There are common themes in different places. Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Croatia,Finland,IraqandLuxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.Maltawins the race for most slothful country, with 72% of adults getting too little exercise, andSwazilandandSaudi Arabiaare in close behind, with 69%. InBangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. Surprisingly, six Americans i n ten are active enough according to Dr Hallal’s study, compared with fewer than four in ten British.These high rates of inactivity are worrying. Human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it. But that is no longer the case. Actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span as smoking.1. We may learn from Paragraph 1 that _________.A.the decline of exercise rates is newly discoveredB.the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exerciseC.the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degreeD.the good enough data has been collected from only one country2.According to the study, women ofLuxembourg_________.A.have little time to exerciseB.hate to get regular exerciseC.take more exercise to lose weightD.exercise more than men in their country3.The underlined word “slothful” in Par agraph 3 most probably means _________.zyB.richC.powerfulD.unpopular4.What can be the best title for the text?A. Benefits of Taking ExerciseB.New Health DiscoveryC.Evolvement of Human BeingsD.Worldwide Lack ofE.nough Exercise3、The World Health Organization report compared the “obesity-related behaviors” for youngsters across 42 nations. And it reveals UK kids are among the laziest.Among teenage girls, the Scots toped the league table for most screen time, with 80 per cent spending at least two hours a day on computers. Wales came fourth with 76 per cent, and Englandseventh with 75 per cent. Girls in Armenia and Albania were least likely to spend hours idling online.Screen time figures for boys were even higher. Wales was second in the European “couch potato” league, with 85 per cent glued to their screens for at least two hours. Scotland was third with 84 per cent, and England 15th with 77 per cent. Boys in Switzerland and Portugal were least likely to dedicate two hours a day to sitting in front of a computer.Lead researcher Dr Jo Inchley, from the University of St Andrews, said social media was impacting on kids' health. She said, “We know there are risks, such as cyber bullying and impact on mental health. Also, there are longer-term impacts on physical health from being sedentary. One of the main challenges is that this kind of activity (social media and computer use) is so much part of young people's lives these days.” She said more needs to be done to get kids moving throughout the day.Dr Steven Mann, research director for UK Active said the findings were “alarming”. He said, “Modern life has changed, but when teens are spending hours hunched over Facebook, Instagram and videogames, they simply aren't getting the exercise that they need. These alarming inactivity figures show that playtime is over before it has started for too many children, putting them at far greater risk of future conditions like heart disease, cancer and type 2 diabetes.”Tam Fry, from the Na tional Obesity Forum, warned Brit teens are now “slaves to hand-held devices”. And the WHO warns four in five fat teens will continue to struggle with their weight throughout life. The report also shows less than half of UK youngsters consume fruit or veg daily.1.What do we know about the “obesity-related behaviors” for youngsters across 42 nations? kids didn't exercise enough.B.Girls spent more time on computers than boys.C.Girls in Wales ranked the first in terms of screen time.D.Only Swiss boys are among the laziest.2.What does the underlined word “sedentary” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Cyber bullying.puter using.C.Exercising.D.Sitting or little activity.3.What is the main reason for obesity for UK teens?A.Less fruit or veg consuming.B.Too much use of electronic devices.C.Too much playtime.ck of physical education.4.Why are these screen time figures alarming? kids will be beaten.B.All UK kids will suffer from overweight.C.Risk of certain diseases will increase.D.More hand-held devices need to be produced.4、If you are taking vitamin supplements to reduce your risk of heart disease or cancer, a group of health experts want you to know that those vitamins may actually increase your risk of cancer.The US Preventive Services Task Force came to this conclusion after reviewing dozens of studies.Nearly half of adults in theUStake at least one vitamin or mineral supplement on a regular basis. These pills are advertised as a way to promote general health. In some cases, manufacturers promote them as cancer fighters and heart protectors.Studies in animals and in laboratory dishes suggest that oxidative(氧化性的) stress contributes to diseases like cancer and heart disease. If so, there is a reason to believe that antioxidants—including beta-carotene, vitamins A, C, and E—could be useful as preventive medicines.But when the Task Force examined the medic al evidence on vitamins, it found “inadequate(不充分的) evidence” to support the claims that vitamin and mineral supplements benefit healthy adults.“Cardiovascular(心血管的) disease and cancer have a significant health impact in America, and we all want to f ind ways to prevent these diseases,” Dr. Virginia Moyer, who heads the Task Force, said in a statement. But so far, she added, the medical evidence does not show that taking vitamins is helpful in this regard.However, the Task Force did find “adequate evidence” that people with a raised risk for lung cancer actually increase their risk further by taking beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.The Task Force recommendations of taking vitamins regularly apply to healthy adults aged 50 and older wh o don't have “ special nutritional needs”. The advice does not apply to children, women who are pregnant or may become pregnant, people with chronic illnesses, or people who have to take supplements because they can't get all their essential nutrients from their diet.1.Studies in animals and in laboratory dishes find out________.A.ample evidence that taking vitamins are helpful for treating lung cancerB.cardiovascular disease spreads very fast inAmericaC.oxidative stress can lead to heart disease and cancerD.people must take vitamins on a regular basis2.What can we conclude from Task Force's findings?A.Scientists want to control cardiovascular disease.B.In some regard, taking vitamins is not useful.C.Manufacturers cannot produce medical-use vitamins.D.Vitamins must be useful to prevent cancer and heart disease.3.Who can take vitamins regularly according to the advice of the Task Force?A.A 60-year-old healthy worker.B.A 15-year-old boy with short-sightedness.C.A 34-year-old pregnant lady.D.A 40-year-old man who never eats vegetables or fruits.4.What's the best title for the text?A.An Inside Look at VitaminsB.Task Force: Ending to VitaminsC.Vitamins: To Live or to KillD.Taking Vitamins to Prevent Cancer May Fail5、“All animal products co ntain much more concentrated levels of pesticide residue (杀虫剂残留) than either vegetables or grains. Red meat, chicken and fish contain no beneficial carbohydrates(碳水化合物) ,fiber...“Fish contain far more heavy metals and industrial pollutants than land a nimals...“There is a common misconception that vegetarians have limited food choices. Just the opposite is true. Vegetarians commonly eat a wider variety of foods than most meat eaters.”-------“Vegetarian FAQ”,North American Vegetaria n Society “The more I got educated about creel treatment, it really was a no-brainer to become a vegetarian. You know, no one would barbeque their family dog. You know ,a pig or a chicken isn’t different. They are just as gentle as a dog or a cat...”----Public service announcement, Mike Ness “I’m not a vegetarian because I enjoy eating meat. Meat is nutritious food, and I believe there are ways to eat meat that are in keeping with my environmental and ethical (道德的) values. I don’t make the decision to eat meat lightly. Meat-eating has always been a messy business, shadowed by the shame of killing…“I have a sincere respect for vegetarians. For they have actually done the work of thinking through the consequences of their eating decisions, something most of the rest of us have not done. My own examination of those consequences has led me to the conclusion that eating a small amount of meat from certain kinds of farms is something I can feel good about.”-----“Animal Welfare:FAQ&Useful Links”,Michael Pollan “The centerpiece of a truly healthy diet must be animal foods. That means a large part of meat, seafood, eggs or raw dairy at just about every meal. That is how one recovers from vegetarianism and builds lasting health and strength.”-----“Recovering from Vegetarianism”, Ron Schmid1.Which of the following is mentioned in “Vegetarian FAQ”?A.Fish is better for human health than chicken.B.Vegetarians are much healthier than meat eaters.C.There are more kinds of plant foods than animal foods.D.There is more pesticide in vegetables than in animal products.2.What might Michael Pollan agree with?A.Vegetarians are thoughtful.B.Meat-eating should be forbidden.C.Vegetarians do something unnecessary.D.Meat-eating is helpful for the environment.3.What topic is discussed in the text?A.What are healthy foods?B.How to get the best nutrition.C.Reasons to become vegetarians.D.Should people become vegetarians?6、For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants(污染物)can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is said that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building——green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves a bsorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and small organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.1.Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in ________.A.all kinds of officesB.every old houseC.all kinds of housesD.every modern house2.The indoor air pollution is caused by ________.A.the man-made building materials and the limit of air-flowB.the building way that the builders want to save energyC.the building things that are made of man-made materialsD.the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside3.The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ________.A.plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicalsB.plants may take in more oxygen which people needC.plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoorsD.plants can make our houses prettier7、Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver's “Sunshine on My Shoulders’’,I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of sun and the outdoors I've had for years as a Michigan native, walking barefoot around the lake, playing shirtless in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart.Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest. It may be clue to nitric oxide( 一氧化氮),a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the sun's rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily.In Japan, walking through forests to keep healthy has become a popular practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers there found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area.One of the consequences of modem society is that our body is rarely in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although "earthing" or "grounding'' is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the practice seems to be able to reduce heart disease risk.So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches.1.The first paragraph is meant to _______.A.show the author likes the song very muchB.put forward the argument of the passageC.suggest that the author loves nature crazilyD.indicate the author is a Michigan native2.Sunbathing's good for heart because _______.A.sun’s rays make nitric oxide workB.sunlight can help people keep warmC.sun’s rays can help replace vitamin DD.vitamin D reduces blood circulation3.It's believed that walking through forests can ______.A.make people popularB.help breathe in fresh airC.reduce blood pressureD.help escape from noisy cities4.The best title of the passage should be _______.A.Nitric oxide has magic functionsB.Walking barefoot builds the bodyC.Sunbathing is good for healthD.Outdoor activities benefit the heart8、Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called "herd immunity", which protects the people who get hurt easily, including thosewho can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.1.The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsrmation about measles spreads quickly2.Herd immunity works well when ____________.A.exemptions are allowedB.several vaccines are used togetherC.the whole neighborhood is involved inD.new regulations are added to the state laws3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?A.The overuse of vaccine.B.The lack of medical care.C.The features of measles itself.D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce the idea of exemption.B.To discuss methods to cure measles.C.To stress the importance of vaccination.D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.C; 4.A解析：1.细节理解题。

专题04 健康与饮食(解析版)-备战2021年高考英语【爱尚阅读·话题篇】

备战2021年高考英语·爱尚阅读专题04 健康与饮食【美文阅读1】My painful small decision“Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold; First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow.我的痛苦的小决定“很快，你就得搬出去了！“我的邻居看到人类已知的最大的西红柿植物，或者至少在我的邻居那里知道的最大的西红柿时叫道。

2019届高考英语阅读理解精选细做：饮食与健康类

饮食与健康类1、Good for your health? Socialising with your friends could bum more calories than running on a treadmill (跑步机). Socialising keeps you slim.Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people slimmer than spending hours on a treadmill, according to scientists. They say that socialising and meeting with friends help high levels of “brown fat” in the body bum calories to generate heat. Living in a stimulating social environment was found to reduce abdominal fat in mice by half over four weeks, even if they ate more.U. S. researchers say that social stimulation aids weight loss by converting white fat into brown. White stores calories andmakes us fatter, while brown bums energy to generate heat. Converting white fat into brown is notoriously difficult, normally requiring long term exposure to cold conditions or activating part of the body's nervous system.However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to stimulate them to lose far more weight over the course of the study than their "couch potato" counterparts.Study author Dr. Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in journal CellMetabolism said,“I’m still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs. ” Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socialising,he added,“It’s not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods,but an increasing lack of social engagement.''Co-author Dr. Lei Cao said, “ Loneliness is a profound factor for cancer and death; it’s on par with cigarette smoking. Social engagement is very important."1.In orde r to keep a charming feature, it’s better to _________.A.live sociallyB.run on a treadmillC.eat lessD.expose to coldness2.Couch potato counterparts refer to _________.A.a greater number of miceB.more space and toysC.those with more weightD.changing white fat to brown3.What do the underlined words “on par with" in Paragraph 6 mean?A.More than.B.Less than.C.At the same level as.D.At higher level than.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Socialising keeps you slim.B.Running on a treadmill keeps you slim.C.Turning white fat into brown.D.Living often with mice.2、Recently a study, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University, suggests that nearly a third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity. But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.There are common themes in different places. Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Croatia,Finland,IraqandLuxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.Maltawins the race for most slothful country, with 72% of adults getting too little exercise, andSwazilandandSaudi Arabiaare in close behind, with 69%. InBangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. Surprisingly, six Americans i n ten are active enough according to Dr Hallal’s study, compared with fewer than four in ten British.These high rates of inactivity are worrying. Human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it. But that is no longer the case. Actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span as smoking.1. We may learn from Paragraph 1 that _________.A.the decline of exercise rates is newly discoveredB.the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exerciseC.the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degreeD.the good enough data has been collected from only one country2.According to the study, women ofLuxembourg_________.A.have little time to exerciseB.hate to get regular exerciseC.take more exercise to lose weightD.exercise more than men in their country3.The underlined word “slothful” in Par agraph 3 most probably means _________.zyB.richC.powerfulD.unpopular4.What can be the best title for the text?A. Benefits of Taking ExerciseB.New Health DiscoveryC.Evolvement of Human BeingsD.Worldwide Lack ofE.nough Exercise3、The World Health Organization report compared the “obesity-related behaviors” for youngsters across 42 nations. And it reveals UK kids are among the laziest.Among teenage girls, the Scots toped the league table for most screen time, with 80 per cent spending at least two hours a day on computers. Wales came fourth with 76 per cent, and Englandseventh with 75 per cent. Girls in Armenia and Albania were least likely to spend hours idling online.Screen time figures for boys were even higher. Wales was second in the European “couch potato” league, with 85 per cent glued to their screens for at least two hours. Scotland was third with 84 per cent, and England 15th with 77 per cent. Boys in Switzerland and Portugal were least likely to dedicate two hours a day to sitting in front of a computer.Lead researcher Dr Jo Inchley, from the University of St Andrews, said social media was impacting on kids' health. She said, “We know there are risks, such as cyber bullying and impact on mental health. Also, there are longer-term impacts on physical health from being sedentary. One of the main challenges is that this kind of activity (social media and computer use) is so much part of young people's lives these days.” She said more needs to be done to get kids moving throughout the day.Dr Steven Mann, research director for UK Active said the findings were “alarming”. He said, “Modern life has changed, but when teens are spending hours hunched over Facebook, Instagram and videogames, they simply aren't getting the exercise that they need. These alarming inactivity figures show that playtime is over before it has started for too many children, putting them at far greater risk of future conditions like heart disease, cancer and type 2 diabetes.”Tam Fry, from the Na tional Obesity Forum, warned Brit teens are now “slaves to hand-held devices”. And the WHO warns four in five fat teens will continue to struggle with their weight throughout life. The report also shows less than half of UK youngsters consume fruit or veg daily.1.What do we know about the “obesity-related behaviors” for youngsters across 42 nations? kids didn't exercise enough.B.Girls spent more time on computers than boys.C.Girls in Wales ranked the first in terms of screen time.D.Only Swiss boys are among the laziest.2.What does the underlined word “sedentary” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Cyber bullying.puter using.C.Exercising.D.Sitting or little activity.3.What is the main reason for obesity for UK teens?A.Less fruit or veg consuming.B.Too much use of electronic devices.C.Too much playtime.ck of physical education.4.Why are these screen time figures alarming? kids will be beaten.B.All UK kids will suffer from overweight.C.Risk of certain diseases will increase.D.More hand-held devices need to be produced.4、If you are taking vitamin supplements to reduce your risk of heart disease or cancer, a group of health experts want you to know that those vitamins may actually increase your risk of cancer.The US Preventive Services Task Force came to this conclusion after reviewing dozens of studies.Nearly half of adults in theUStake at least one vitamin or mineral supplement on a regular basis. These pills are advertised as a way to promote general health. In some cases, manufacturers promote them as cancer fighters and heart protectors.Studies in animals and in laboratory dishes suggest that oxidative(氧化性的) stress contributes to diseases like cancer and heart disease. If so, there is a reason to believe that antioxidants—including beta-carotene, vitamins A, C, and E—could be useful as preventive medicines.But when the Task Force examined the medic al evidence on vitamins, it found “inadequate(不充分的) evidence” to support the claims that vitamin and mineral supplements benefit healthy adults.“Cardiovascular(心血管的) disease and cancer have a significant health impact in America, and we all want to f ind ways to prevent these diseases,” Dr. Virginia Moyer, who heads the Task Force, said in a statement. But so far, she added, the medical evidence does not show that taking vitamins is helpful in this regard.However, the Task Force did find “adequate evidence” that people with a raised risk for lung cancer actually increase their risk further by taking beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.The Task Force recommendations of taking vitamins regularly apply to healthy adults aged 50 and older wh o don't have “ special nutritional needs”. The advice does not apply to children, women who are pregnant or may become pregnant, people with chronic illnesses, or people who have to take supplements because they can't get all their essential nutrients from their diet.1.Studies in animals and in laboratory dishes find out________.A.ample evidence that taking vitamins are helpful for treating lung cancerB.cardiovascular disease spreads very fast inAmericaC.oxidative stress can lead to heart disease and cancerD.people must take vitamins on a regular basis2.What can we conclude from Task Force's findings?A.Scientists want to control cardiovascular disease.B.In some regard, taking vitamins is not useful.C.Manufacturers cannot produce medical-use vitamins.D.Vitamins must be useful to prevent cancer and heart disease.3.Who can take vitamins regularly according to the advice of the Task Force?A.A 60-year-old healthy worker.B.A 15-year-old boy with short-sightedness.C.A 34-year-old pregnant lady.D.A 40-year-old man who never eats vegetables or fruits.4.What's the best title for the text?A.An Inside Look at VitaminsB.Task Force: Ending to VitaminsC.Vitamins: To Live or to KillD.Taking Vitamins to Prevent Cancer May Fail5、“All animal products co ntain much more concentrated levels of pesticide residue (杀虫剂残留) than either vegetables or grains. Red meat, chicken and fish contain no beneficial carbohydrates(碳水化合物) ,fiber...“Fish contain far more heavy metals and industrial pollutants than land a nimals...“There is a common misconception that vegetarians have limited food choices. Just the opposite is true. Vegetarians commonly eat a wider variety of foods than most meat eaters.”-------“Vegetarian FAQ”,North American Vegetaria n Society “The more I got educated about creel treatment, it really was a no-brainer to become a vegetarian. You know, no one would barbeque their family dog. You know ,a pig or a chicken isn’t different. They are just as gentle as a dog or a cat...”----Public service announcement, Mike Ness “I’m not a vegetarian because I enjoy eating meat. Meat is nutritious food, and I believe there are ways to eat meat that are in keeping with my environmental and ethical (道德的) values. I don’t make the decision to eat meat lightly. Meat-eating has always been a messy business, shadowed by the shame of killing…“I have a sincere respect for vegetarians. For they have actually done the work of thinking through the consequences of their eating decisions, something most of the rest of us have not done. My own examination of those consequences has led me to the conclusion that eating a small amount of meat from certain kinds of farms is something I can feel good about.”-----“Animal Welfare:FAQ&Useful Links”,Michael Pollan “The centerpiece of a truly healthy diet must be animal foods. That means a large part of meat, seafood, eggs or raw dairy at just about every meal. That is how one recovers from vegetarianism and builds lasting health and strength.”-----“Recovering from Vegetarianism”, Ron Schmid1.Which of the following is mentioned in “Vegetarian FAQ”?A.Fish is better for human health than chicken.B.Vegetarians are much healthier than meat eaters.C.There are more kinds of plant foods than animal foods.D.There is more pesticide in vegetables than in animal products.2.What might Michael Pollan agree with?A.Vegetarians are thoughtful.B.Meat-eating should be forbidden.C.Vegetarians do something unnecessary.D.Meat-eating is helpful for the environment.3.What topic is discussed in the text?A.What are healthy foods?B.How to get the best nutrition.C.Reasons to become vegetarians.D.Should people become vegetarians?6、For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants(污染物)can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is said that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building——green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves a bsorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and small organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.1.Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in ________.A.all kinds of officesB.every old houseC.all kinds of housesD.every modern house2.The indoor air pollution is caused by ________.A.the man-made building materials and the limit of air-flowB.the building way that the builders want to save energyC.the building things that are made of man-made materialsD.the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside3.The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ________.A.plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicalsB.plants may take in more oxygen which people needC.plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoorsD.plants can make our houses prettier7、Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver's “Sunshine on My Shoulders’’,I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of sun and the outdoors I've had for years as a Michigan native, walking barefoot around the lake, playing shirtless in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart.Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest. It may be clue to nitric oxide( 一氧化氮),a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the sun's rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily.In Japan, walking through forests to keep healthy has become a popular practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers there found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area.One of the consequences of modem society is that our body is rarely in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although "earthing" or "grounding'' is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the practice seems to be able to reduce heart disease risk.So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches.1.The first paragraph is meant to _______.A.show the author likes the song very muchB.put forward the argument of the passageC.suggest that the author loves nature crazilyD.indicate the author is a Michigan native2.Sunbathing's good for heart because _______.A.sun’s rays make nitric oxide workB.sunlight can help people keep warmC.sun’s rays can help replace vitamin DD.vitamin D reduces blood circulation3.It's believed that walking through forests can ______.A.make people popularB.help breathe in fresh airC.reduce blood pressureD.help escape from noisy cities4.The best title of the passage should be _______.A.Nitric oxide has magic functionsB.Walking barefoot builds the bodyC.Sunbathing is good for healthD.Outdoor activities benefit the heart8、Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called "herd immunity", which protects the people who get hurt easily, including thosewho can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.1.The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsrmation about measles spreads quickly2.Herd immunity works well when ____________.A.exemptions are allowedB.several vaccines are used togetherC.the whole neighborhood is involved inD.new regulations are added to the state laws3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?A.The overuse of vaccine.B.The lack of medical care.C.The features of measles itself.D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce the idea of exemption.B.To discuss methods to cure measles.C.To stress the importance of vaccination.D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.C; 4.A解析：1.细节理解题。

2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit2Healthyeating(含解析)新人教版

Unit 2 Healthy eating李仕才一、阅读理解AA new study has found the amount of antibiotics (抗生素) given to farm animals is expected to increase by twothirds over the next 15 years. Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat, milk and eggs. How ever, the drugs could quicken the development of antibioticresistant infections (感染). Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.The World Health Organization(WHO) notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困), the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat. With the rapid development of Asia, people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and other milk products as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need, farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces. As the animals are crowded together, the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics. It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster. But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually.Nowadays, doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work. The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs. The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. Each year in the United States, at least two million people get antibioticresistant infections and at least 23,000 die from these infections.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth. And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.【文章大意】本文主要围绕在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响展开。

备战高考英语必考话题分类解析话题05 健康与饮食(Heath Foods)(含解析)-人教版高三

话题05 健康与饮食〔Heath Foods〕【话题解读】＂饮食与健康＂是高中英语新课标话题当中非常重要的两个话题，饮食与健康自古以来都是人们所关心的重大问题，尤其是随着社会进步和人们物质生活水平的提高，食物质量和安全问题以与身体健康更是受到了人们空前的关注，因此顺应时代潮流，高考英语对这两个话题更是有所表现。

由于饮食与健康是热点话题，高考英语中对这两个话题会涉与较多的考查内容，常以阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空以与书面表达的形式出现，例如2017年新课标卷I语言知识运用的第二节〔语法填空〕，2016年四川卷阅读理解D篇，2016年全国卷Ⅲ七选五，2015年广东卷根底写作，2015课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇，2013新课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇等。

【相关词汇】Ⅰ.写作必记单词1. benefit n.利益，好处→ beneficial adj.有好处的2. burden n.负担3. comfortable a dj.舒服的，安逸的→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→ comfort n.& vt.安慰4. harm n.& vt.伤害；损伤→ harmful adj.有伤害的→ harmless adj.无害的5. hurt vt.伤害，受伤；使痛心6. necessary adj.必需的，必要的7. pressure n.压迫，压力8. reduce vt.减少，缩减9. serve vt.招待(顾客等)，服务10. strengthen v.增强→ strength n.长处，优势→ strong adj.强壮的Ⅱ.阅读识记单词11.abnormal adj.反常的12.acute adj.严重的；(疾病) 急性的13.allergic adj. 过敏的14.appetite n .食欲，胃口15.bacterium n .细菌16.bitter adj. 苦的，有苦味的17.bleed vi.出血，流血18.depression n .抑郁症→ depress vt.使沮丧，使意志消沉，使心灰意冷→ depressed adj.抑郁的，沮丧的19.digest vt. 消化；领会One question I’m frequently asked is ＂What’s the secret to a healthy diet?＂ The answer isn’t all that mysterious. You just have to keep some basic guidelines in mind, beginning with:经常有人问我：＂健康饮食有什么秘诀？＂其实答案并不神秘。

2019中考英语二轮复习阅读理解健康类(含解析)

2019中考英语阅读理解：健康类阅读理解At East China University of Science and Technology, students will get a coupon (优惠券) if they eat up their food. Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers andhand warmers."It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us one more motivation to finish our food. "The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign(行动) which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses(校园).Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhua News Agency, students waste twice as much food as the national average(平均). The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country. "The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle," said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League mittee at Shanghai University.But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it."I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the 'eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses." said Tao.1．From Paragraph l, we know that the students will get a coupon .A. when they eat school foodB. after they exchange giftsC. if they finish all their foodD. if they collect the waste 2．The underlined word "motivation" in Paragraph 2 means in Chinese.A. 动力B. 机会C. 试验D. 条件3．The "eat-up" campaign is carried out on campuses because ________.A. students get a good educationB. schools offer small giftsC. students waste too much foodD. school food is more delicious 4．The purpose of the campaign is mainly to ________ .A. improve the school food standardB. encourage a greener and healthier lifestyleC. receive attention from the societyD. further improve the service in universities5．The best title for this passage may be _______.A. Enjoy Your Food!B. Reduce Waste on CampusC. Meals in Universities.D. "Eat-up" Campaign on CampusHealthy eating doesn’t just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating.Eat with others. It can help you to see other s’ healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious. Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don’t eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals This doesn’t mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.Don’t eat dinner late. With our busy li fe, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8—10 hours.6．The writer gives us pieces of advice on healthy eating.A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 77．Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage?A. FruitsB. YogurtC. ChipsD. Ice cream8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Snacks are bad for our health.B. We should keep eating until we are full.C. Dinner is the most important meal of the day.D. We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.9．The underlined(画线)word “digest” means “” in Chinese.A. 消化B. 享用C.储存D. 循环10． The passage mainly tells us .A. where to eatB. how to eatC. why to eatD. when to eatHeld on the second Wednesday of March each year, No Smoking Day helps people across the UK who want to stop smoking. The activity encourages and helps smokers to give up, and publicizes(宣传) the many sources of help offered to people. Each year over a million smokers take part in the day, while about 40,000 actually give up smoking. The much-publicized effects of smoking include increased risk (风险) of heart disease, lung cancer and asthma. However, smoking also causes dull skin and wrinkles. The reduced amount of oxygen getting to the skin accelerates (加速)aging, and makes the skin look sallow (病黄色的). And while many smokers believe that cigarettes help them to cope with stress (对付压力), scientific research has shown that worry levels actually go down after giving up smoking.Set a date and time to stop, and keep to it .Talk to your doctor about whether any kind of medicines might suit you.Find out if there is a stop-smoking health center near you .Try to get the help of your friends and family.Keep away from situation in which you used to reach for cigarette. If you need to, use nicotine patches (尼古丁戒烟贴片) or gum.NHS Stop-smoking Centers are all over the UK, providing free services. They have specially trained employees who can advise you on the best way to stop smoking. There are also a number of free national helpline in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, where expert counselors can discuss with you how to give up smoking step by step.11．How many people don’t give up smoking among those who take part in No Smoking Day every year according to the passage?A. About 1,000,000.B. About 40,000.C. About 960,000.D. About 1,040,000.12．According to the passage, place the following titles in the correct orders.A. What are the health risks of smoking?B.A few tips on giving up smoking:C. What is No Smoking Day?D. What help is offered for giving up smoking?A. a; b; c; dB. b; a; d; cC. d; a; b; cD. c; a; b; d 13．Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?A. No Smoking Day is held on the second Wednesday on March.B. Smoking can make skin look dull.C. If you give up smoking, your worry levels will increase.D. You can get treatment in NHS Stop-smoking Centers for free.14．The underline word “counselors” in the last paragraph probably means _______.A. nursesB. advisersC. employeesD. doctors15． How many tips on giving up smoking are mentioned in the passage?A. ThreeB. FourC. FiveD. SixMany of us don’t pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes(基因) and aging(老化). Televisions, puters and reading are also the causes of havingpoor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the puter, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel unfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example，sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays. Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight．Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time．All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person’s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is．16．_______________ is the most important way to protect our eyes.A. Natural eye careB. Taking medicineC. Seeing the doctorD. Being happy all the time.17．All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except ____________.A. ageB. height C．reading D. puters18．What should you do if you have to work in front of the puter?A. Eat healthy foods.B. Clean the eyes by using cold water.C. Wear a pair of sunglasses.D. Have a rest after working for a while. 19．What do the underlined words “UV rays” mean?A．沙尘 B . 闪电C．紫外线 D. 超声波20．Which is the best title of the passages?A. Ways of Eye CareB. Ways of Eye ExerciseC. Ways of Being HappyD. Ways of Being HealthyNow I know that we black people are much more likely to have high blood pressure and diabetes (糖尿病) than white people. And they often lead to heart attacks andother untreated diseases. For example, black people are three to four times more likely than white people to have high blood pressure and twice as likely as the white population to die of a stroke (中风).New research has found out the surprisingly high levels of salt in many of black people’s favorite meals. I stopped putting extra salt in my food at the table long ago and I try to cut down on the salt. I use in cooking. The suggested daily level of salt for adults is 6 grams. It is easy to see that if you try not to eat too many processed (加工过的) foods and use salt in your cooking within the limit, you won’t reach more than the daily level.The research showed how much salt there is in some foods that we buy from restaurants and takeaways. An average salad with rice and peas has 6.2 grams of salt. This is more salt than you are supposed to eat for the whole day.A researcher talked about the importance of home cooking rather than take-outs. At home, he pointed out, not only can you hold control of the salt bottle, but also you can create tasty food which is low on salt. The researcher later provided curry goat and rice and peas. They were low on salt, but pletely delicious.I do not suppose Jamaicans are going to stop buying takeaways soon. But if you suffer from high blood pressure, it is probably better not to buy them often.21．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refers to _______.A. white peopleB. black peopleC. untreated diseasesD. high blood pressure and diabetes 22．What has the new research found out according to Paragraph 2?A. Black people take in too much salt.B. Black people’s meals are very special.C. Processed foods have too much salt in them.D. 6 grams of salt per day is enough for an adult.23．What would the writer probably suggest black people do?A. Order no salad in a restaurant.B. Take in no salt for several days.C. Stop cooking their favorite meals.D. Eat less takeaways.24．The researcher provided curry goat and rice and peas in order to _______.A. thank those who came to his home for his researchB. let people know that eating less salt makes one healthierC. show that tasty food with less salt can be made at homeD. prove the less salt the food has the more delicious it is25．What would be the best title for this passage?A. Watch the saltB. Take care, black peopleC. Say no to takeawaysD. Say no to high blood pressureDuring the day we work and play; at night we sleep. Our bodies rest while we sleep. In the morning we are ready to work and play again. While we are asleep, our bodies grow most. Children who are tired usually need more sleep. We can get our lessons better and we feel better too, when we have had plenty of rest. Boys and girls who are eight or nine years old need ten hours of sleep every night. Our bodies need plenty of air when we sleep. If we do not get enough fresh（新鲜的）air we’ll feel tired when we wake up. While in bed we must not cover our heads. If we do, our lungs （肺）will not get enough fresh air. If we open our windows at night we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than warm air. Boys and girls who want to grow and be strong must get plenty of sleep.26．Our bodies grow most while we are _______.A. eatingB. playingC. sleepingD. waking27．Which is better for us at night?A. Hot airB. Cool airC. Warm airD. Dry air28．Too little sleep makes us ________.A. happyB. hungryC. tiredD. grow29．How much sleep should boys and girls of nine years have every night?A. Eight hoursB. Nine hoursC. Ten hoursD. Eleven hours30．What do the lungs need most?A. Fresh airB. FoodC. RestD. ExerciseSome people like to get up early, but some do not. In fact, it is really good forus to get up early every day. Maybe those who don’t like getting up early will not believe this, but it is true. Scientists made a survey(调查) in about one thousand people, and then they found that early rising people had less disease(疾病) than late rising people, and early rising people also look healthier than late rising people, and so on.So we may know early rising is helpful in more than one way. Firstly, it helps to keep us healthy. We all need fresh(新鲜的) air. And air is the freshest early in the morning. Besides(此外), it is useful to do morning exercises.Secondly, early rising helps us in our studies. In the morning we learn more quickly and find it easier to understand what we learn.Thirdly, early rising can give us a plan of our work for the day. We cannot work well without a good plan.Fourthly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our hands and faces and eat our breakfast.Late risers may find it difficult to form(形成) the habit(习惯) of early rising. They have to make an effort(努力) to do so. As the English proverb(谚语) says, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”31．We may read this passage in a _______ magazine.A. healthB. sportsC. musicD. travel32．Early rising people are _______ than late rising people.A. fatterB. thinnerC. healthierD. cleverer 33．Air is the freshest ______ according to the passage.A. in the morningB. in the afternoonC. in the eveningD. all day 34．Which of the following is NOT the result(结果) of early rising?A. People can get ready for their work.B. People can get fresh air.C. People can learn things more quickly and better.D. People can have enough food for breakfast.35．If a man always likes to get up late, it’s ___ fo r him to form the habit of getting up early.A. easyB. difficultC. happyD. sadMarch 16 is World Sleep Day. This year’s slogan is “Breathe Easily, Sleep Well”. Its aim is to celebrate the *benefits of good and healthy sleep.Fangfang, from Liaoning, just became a high school student last September. She gets up at 5:30 a.m. every day and goes to bed at about midnight. Fangfang feels sleepy all the time. “I want to finish all my homework first,” she said.Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. According to the National Sleep *Foundation in the US, adults need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students who are 10 to 17 years old, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours every night.But many students don’t get enough sleep because of early school start time and heavy homework. About 80 percent of middle school students don’t get enough sleep, the China Youth and Children Research Center reported. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep worrying about their schoolwork and can’t fall asleep quickly. For others, they may even have insomnia, and usually they have to ask the doctors for help.These sleeping problems greatly *affect people’s life. Some doctors found out that *lack of sleep for teenagers lead to poor grades. Students without enough sleep cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Also, they often bee anxious easily.Luckily, with good sleep habits, it is easier to fall asleep. Some of these good habits include *avoiding drinks that make people excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time every night, and sleeping in a fortable place that is dark, quiet, and neither too warm nor too cold.More tips to get a good night’s sleep:Exercising during the day. You’d better do sports three hours before going to bed. Don’t eat big meals before bedtime. Drink a warm glass of milk.If you stay awake worrying about things, try making a list of things that you need to do before you go to bed.36． How much sleep do students aged from 10 to 17 need every night?A. 7 hours.B. 8-9 hours.C. 10-12 hoursD. Less than 7 hours.37． What does the word “insomnia” mean in Paragraph 4?A. 失眠症.B. 好动症.C. 咽喉炎.D. 关节炎.38． If teenagers don’t get enough sleep, they may _____________.A. do well in sportsB. grow and develop betterC. feel sleepy in classD. do much better in studies39． Which of the following is a good sleeping habit according to the passage?A. Do exercise at night before going to bed.B. Going to sleep at the same time every night.C. Going to sleep in a place where it is bright.D. Eat big meals or drink a lot of wine at night.40． What is the main idea of the passage?A. People should sleep well to live healthy and study better.B. Teenagers should sleep longer on Saturdays and Sundays.C. People should see the doctor if they don’t have enough sleep.D. Teenagers don’t get enough sleep because of heavy homework.What do you like? Different people like different things. Some people like loud music, other people don’t. They think it is too noisy. They like soft music. Many people like sports, but they do not like the same sports.In some countries, cricket(板球) is a very popular sport. In others, it is not popular at all. No one plays it and few people watch it on TV. The World Cup is very popular. Millions of people watch the games on TV. Some people don’t like doing sports. They just like to watch other people playing.Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. They eat most kinds of fruits and vegetables. Some people do not like potatoes and bread. They prefer rice or corn.Not everyone like the same colors. Most people have a favorite color. Some people like bright colors. Others prefer pale colors. The world is an interesting placebecause we all like different things.41．What’s the main idea of this passage?A. People all like the same things.B. Different people like the same thingsC. People all like different sportsD. Different people like different things42．Which sentence is true?A. Everyone likes sportsB. Not many people like sportsC. Most people don’t like sports.D. Lots of people like sports43．How many people like to watch the World Cup on TV?A. Few peopleB. Hundreds of different peopleC. Millions of peopleD. No one at all44．What do people who don’t like meat(不喜欢吃肉的人) eat?A. Mostly(主要) potatoes and breadB. Mostly fruits and vegetablesC. Mostly rice and cornD. Mostly potatoes and corns45．Which sentence is true?A. Most people have a favorite colorB. No one likes bright colors.C. Everyone likes bright colorsD. Few people prefer pale colorsThe weather is getting warmer and warmer. It is fun to play outside, but people are afraid to play outside these days, because of the H7N9 virus. The H7N9 virus is one type of influenza A H7 viruses. It is a new type of bird flu. Influenza A H7 virusesmainly affect birds but sometimes they can also affect humans. Most people infected with H7N9 virus look like they had a mon flu. They had a fever, a cough and shortness of breath. Some had bad pneumonia. This March, H7N9 virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Up until April 11th, the number of people infected had reached 35. Nine of these people died.But don’t be afraid , some cases are curable. A 4-year-old boy in Shanghai and a 67-year-old man in Hangzhou got the virus, and they are getting better. Besides, it's not easy to be infected by the H7N9 virus.There are some ways to save ourselves from this. First, wash your hands with soap and running water before you eat and after you use the toilet. You should do the same after you touch animals or animal waste. Second, cover your nose and mouth with your elbow when coughing. Third, you should have a good rest and do some exercises, so your body can bee strong enough to beat the virus.46．How’s the weather during these days?A .cold B. warm C. hot D. cool47．How many people have been infected H7N9 until April 11th?A .35 B. 25 C. 45 D. 3048．Which place didn’t find H7N9 in March?A . Shanghai B. Jiangsu C. Zhejiang D. Beijing49．Which sentence is not true about the H7N9?A. It is a new type of bird flu.B. It is very easy to be infected by the H7N9.C. Some of the H7N9 cases are curable.D. Most people infected with H7N9 virus look like they had a mon flu.50．How can we save ourselves from the H7N9 virus?A. Wash your hands before you eat and after you use the toilet, touch animals or animals waste.B. Cover your nose and mouth with your elbow when coughing.C. Have a good rest and do some exercise to make your body strong enough.D. All of above.Some people like to get up early, but some do not. In fact, it is really good for us to get up early every day. Maybe those who don't like getting up early will not believe this, but it is true. Scientists made a survey in about one thousand people, and then they found that early rising(早起) people had less disease(疾病) than late rising people, and early rising people also look healthier than late rising people, and so on.So we may know early rising is helpful in more than one way. First, it helps to keep us healthy. We all need fresh(新鲜的) air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides, it is useful to do morning exercises.Secondly, early rising helps us in our studies. In the morning we learn more quickly and find it easier to understand what we learn.Thirdly, early rising can give us a plan of our work for the day. We cannot work well without a good plan.Fourthly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our hands and faces and eat our breakfast.Late risers may find it difficult to form the habit(养成习惯) of early rising. They have to make an effort(努力) to do so. As the English proverb says, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy(富裕的) and wise.”51．Early rising people are than late rising people.A. fatterB. thinnerC. healthierD. Cleverer52．Air is the freshest according to the passage.A. in the morningB. in the afternoonC. in the eveningD. all the day53．Which of the following is the result of early rising?A. People can get ready for their work.B. People can get fresh air.C. People can learn things more quickly and better.D. All of the above.54．If a man always likes to get up late, it's for him to form the habit of getting up early.A. easyB. difficultC. happyD. sad55．As the English proverb says, can make us healthy, wealthy and wise.A. getting up earlyB. going to bed earlyC. getting up lateD. both A and BThe days are getting shorter and shorter, and temperatures are dropping. Winter is ing and it is easy for people to catch flu. Many people have started taking vitamin C pills as a precautionary(预防的)way. But a research has shown that vitamin C pills do not provide as much protection as they think. They are even not as good as other ways, like often washing your hands. Some German scientists have given people information and a test on the subject helping to stop incorrect ways.Whether it is caused by cold or flu(流行性感冒), a runny nose and sore throat are signs of catching a cold. Many people overestimate(高估) the advantages of vitamin C and other pills. For years it was believed that taking vitamin C pills not only provided protection against colds but also against cancers, helping people to live longer. But the result of the research showed disagreement on these beliefs(看法). The result has now e out on the website . “Some pills may not help people live longer. Some pills may even lead to earlier death,” says Professor Peter Sawicki. Scientists also say that the best way to get vitamins is through food instead of having vitamin pills. That is to say, we disagree with the way of taking vitamin C pills.There are many simple but useful ways to lower the risk of catching a cold. These include often washing your hands with normal soap(肥皂) and water and not touching your face with your hands. People who have already had a cold can stop it from spreading by throwing away tissues(纸巾) at once after using them and not shaking hands with other people.56．Most people believe that taking vitamin C pills can _______.A．make them catch a cold easilyB．provide protection against coldsC．make them clevererD．prevent all illnesses57．A runny nose and sore throat mean someone ________.A．will catch a cold in a few daysB．would never catch a coldC．has caught a coldD．would never spread colds to others58．The best way to get vitamins is _______.A．eating food which contains VitaminsB．taking vitamin pillsC．drinking water which contains vitaminsD．eating as much pork as possible59．_______ is NOT an effective way to lower the risk of catching a cold. A．Not touching your face with your handsB．Often washing your hands with normal soap and waterC．Not shaking hands with those people who have already had a coldD．Not throwing away tissues at once after using them60．About taking vitamin C pills, _______ is shown by the research.A．fighting against sore throatB．fighting against colds and cancersC．helping people live longerD．leading to earlier death by some pillsAndrew Engel was puzzled. He was sitting in class, but had no idea what the other students were talking about. He had done his homework, paid attention to lectures, and taken notes, but nothing was familiar. “Everyone is so much cleverer than I am,” he thought. It was a strange feeling, as he was always a good student in high school.He felt even more puzzled a few days later. He got lost on his way to his favorite cinema. What’s worse, he began having trouble finding the right words when speaking. He asked, “What’s for dinner, Mom?” after he had just eaten. Poor Andrew, he was only 15!His parents were worried and took Andrew to see a doctor. A brain scan（扫描） made it clear: Andrew had a malignant brain tumor(恶性脑肿瘤) . It was pressing on the part of the brain that makes new memory. He should be operated on as soon as possible. Andrew was scared!Docto rs removed the tumor, but Andrew’s memory was still poor. He was told he would probably never go back to school. Andrew was eager to enter a university, but it seemed that his dream wouldn’t e true.“Even though they told me this, I knew I wanted to go back to school,” Andrew said. “I wanted to get my memory back.”Andrew began by auditing(旁听) an English class at a nearby school. In class, he took notes carefully and read his notes several times a day, then typed them again and again. He studied twelve hours a day, seven days a week. He worked ten times harder than other students. In xx, at age 29, he graduated from a local university. Six months later, Andrew found a job.61．Andrew’s strange behavior(行为) including all the following except_________.A. having no idea what the other students were talking aboutB. getting lost on his way to his favorite cinemaC. having trouble finding the right words when speakingD. not knowing who he was62．The underlined word "scared" in the third paragraph means “ __________”.A. very frightenedB. very excitedC. very surprisedD. very happy63．The tumor in Andrew’s brain __________.A. didn’t damage his memoryB. didn’t have to be removedC. caused his forgetfulness。

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