Model+Test+One(B)
大学英语六级模拟 Model Test 1 (附答案可编辑))
Model Test 1Part I Writing (30 minutes) （P.1）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students on the Job Market. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.当今大学生面临着严重的就业压力；2.这一现象的产生有多方面的原因；3.解决的办法。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Stress （PP.1-3）This may come as a surprise, but you need stress in your life. Leading stress management experts say that without stress would be dull and unexciting. Stress adds flavor, challenge, and opportunity to life. However, too much stress can seriously affect your physical and mental well-being. A major challenge in today’s stress-filled world is to make the stress in your life work for you instead of against you.In today’s hectic, fast-paced world and with the blooming economy, stress is our constant companion. It comes from mental or emotional activity and physical activity. Too much emotional stress can result in physical illness, such as high blood pressure, ulcers, asthma, irritable colon, headaches, or even heart disease. On the other hand,physical stress from work or exercise rarely causes such ailments. In fact, physical exercise can help you to relax and to handle your mental or emotional stress.Hans Selye, M.D., a recognized expert in the field, has defined stress as a “nonspecific response of the body to a demand”. The key to reducing stress is learning how our bodies respond to those demands. When stress becomes prolonged or particularly frustrating, it can become harmful-causing distress or “bad stress”. Recognizing the early signs of distress and then doing something about them can make a significant difference in the quality of your life.In order to use stress in a positive way and prevent it from becoming distress, you should be aware of your own reactions to stressful events. The body responds to stress by going through specific stages: (1) alarm, (2) resistance, (3) exhaustion. Muscles tense, blood pressure and heart rate rise, and adrenaline and other stress-triggered hormones that increase the level of alertness are released. If the stress-causing conditions continue, your body will need time to make repairs, if that happens, you eventually may develop a physical problem that is related to stress, such as migraine headaches, high blood pressure, backache, or insomnia. That’s why when stress occurs it’s important that you recognize and deal with it in a positive way. While it’s impossible to live completely free of stress and distress, it is possible to prevent some distress as well as to minimize is impact when it can’t be avoided. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to handle stress.Try Physical ActivityWhen you’re nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try. Physical exercise will relieve your anxiety and worry and help you relax. Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in your life.Share Your StressIt helps to talk with someone about your anxieties and worries. Perhaps a friend, family member, teacher, or counselor can help you achieve a more positiveperspective on what’s troubling you. It you feel your problem is serious, you might seek professional help from a psychologist, psychiatrist or social worker. Knowing when to ask for help is a positive step in avoiding more serious problems later.Take Care of YourselfYou should make every effort to eat well and to get enough rest. If you’re irritable and tense from lack of sleep, or if you’re not eating properly, you’ll be more vulnerable to stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult your doctor.Make Time for YourselfSchedule time for both work and reaction. Don’t forget, play can be just as important to your overall well-being as work. You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun. Go window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.Make a List of the Things You Need to DoStress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there’s so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be overwhelming, and as a result, you may not accomplish anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Give priority to the most important tasks and do those first.Go Ahead and CryA good cry can be a healthy way to bring relief to your anxiety. It might even help you avoid headache or other physical consequence of anxiety and stress.Create a Quiet SceneYou can’t always run away, but you can allow yourself a mental “get-away”. A quiet country scene painted mentally, or on canvas, can transport you from the tension of a stressful situation to a more relaxing frame of mind. You also can create a sense of peace and tranquility by reading a good book or listening to beautiful music.Avoid Self-MedicationWhile you can use prescription or over-the-counter medications to relieve stress temporarily, they do not remove the conditions that caused the stress in the first place.In fact, many medications may be habit-forming and also may reduce your efficiency, thus creating more stress than they eliminate. They should be taken only on the advice of your doctor.RelaxThe best strategy for reducing or avoiding stress altogether is to learn how to relax. Unfortunately, many people try to relax at the same pace that they lead the rest of their lives. That doesn't work. Instead, try tuning out your worries about time, productivity and "doing right". Here are several relaxation techniques you may find helpful:--You should take a deep breath and exhale to help calm your mind, counter your body's natural stress reaction and improve your response.--You should laugh. Many stress management experts advocate laughter as a relaxation technique for relieving tension.--You should take a warm bath or shower. Whether you prefer bubble baths or long hot showers, this is an excellent way to relax after a stressful day.--You should try progressive muscle relaxation. Individual contract and relax each muscle group of your body. Begin by tensing your toes for 10 seconds, then relax them for 20.Work all the way up your body, alternately tensing and relaxing, and finish with your facial muscles.By learning the "art" of relaxation, you’ll find satisfaction in just "being", without trying or striving. Your focus on relaxation, enjoyment and health will reduce stress, anxiety and worry in your life. The result is, you will be calmer, healthier and happier.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答。
Model Test 1(听力任务)
Model Test 1Section ADirection: In this section, you will hear a short conversation and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A) It is the fist time they have been on a trip. B) They cannot do what they like before.C) They don't have to care about the time. D) They have to travel by schedules now.12.A) The man just makes a joke. B) The man does not like sunbath.C) The woman is going to learn swimming. D) The woman has no idea how to swim.13.A) The department store. B) The museum. C) The cinema. D) The library.14.A) The woman has to wake the man at 7 o'clock.B) The woman is not willing to wake the man.C) The man has to wake the woman at 7 o'clock.D) The man has to get up at 10 o'clock.15.A) Bus driver and passenger. B) Taxi driver and passenger.C) Teacher and student. D) Fellow students.16.A) It's not as hard as expected. B) It's too tough for some students.C) It's much more difficult than people think.D) It's believed to be the hardest optional course.17.A) 3. B) 4. C) 5 D) 618.A) He played his part quite well. B) He was not dramatic enough.C) He performed better than the secretary. D) He exaggerated his part.Conversation One19.A) Freshman. B) Sophomore. C) Junior. D) Senior.20.A) She wanted Dr. Tyler to sigh on her schedule card.B) She wanted Dr. Tyler to determine the number and variety of the courses she would take.C) She wanted to talk to Dr. Tyler about the modern American novel.D) She wanted to explain why she dropped the chemistry course.21.A) If his seminar on the modern American novel is welcomed.B) If he signs his name, Jenny won't work hard as ever.C) If Jenny can take two seminars in a semester.D) If six courses might be too much for Jenny.22.A) Calculus. B) Modern peotry. C) Chemistry. D) Introductory economics. Conversation Two23.A) He wants to get his money back.B) He wants to exchange the sweater for another one.C) He wants the clerk to help him read Chinese instructions on the sweater.D) He wants to see why the color of the sweater changed.24.A) It is the wrong size. B) The fabric is coming apart.C) It is stained. D) It shrinks a lot.25.A) The customer didn't follow the instructions for using the item.B) The sweater was out of stock.C) The man no longer has the store receipt.D) The man isn't a VIP.Section BDirection: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One26.A) High expectations. B) Opposite characters.C) Showing satisfaction. D) Forgiving and communicating.27.A) 80. B) 82. C) 160. D) 164.28.A) People should aim high to ensure they are active in maintaining a happy marriage.B) The couple's relationship skills are important to their marriage.C) People tend to select partners with different characters in marriage.D) Partners who have the same characters will lead to a dull relationship.Passage Two29.A) How to improve your reasoning ability.B) Why classical music is popular with math students.C) The difference between classical music and rock music.D) The effects of music on the results of math tests.30.A) Because it keeps you calm.B) Because it strengthens your memory.C) Because it stimulates your nerve activity.D) Because it improves your problem-solving strategies.31.A) The effects of music do not last long.B) Piano music could interfere with your reasoning ability.C) Music, whether classical or rock, helps improve your memory.D) The more you listen to music, the higher your test scores will be.Passage Three32.A) Because there are no signs to direct them.B) Because no tour guides are available.C) Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D) Because the university is everywhere in the city.33.A) They set their own exams. B) They select their own students.C) They award their own degrees. D) They organize their own laboratory work.34.A) Most of them have a long history.B) Many of them are specialized libraries.C) They house more books than any other university library.D) They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.35.A) Very few of them are engaged in research. B) They were not awarded degrees until 1948.C) They have outnumbered male students. D) They were not treated equally until 1881.Section CDirection: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Academy Award nominees (被提名的人）who go home (36) ________ may not have a shiny Oscar to show off, but they may turn out to be the bigger winners in the game of life. According to a study published in British Medical Journal, Oscar-winning screenwriters are more successful, more (37) ________ and more (38) ________ than losing nominees, however, they die sooner by about four years."Because success is usually linked to better (39) ________, this is the first (40) ________ that success is not associated with (41) ________ longevity." Says Donald Redelmeier, lead author of the study. Research tracked down (42) ________ about every person who was ever nominated for an Oscar since the (43) ________ were first handed out 73 years ago.(44)______________________________________________________________________. The first is the "work-to-death hypothesis（假设）". According to Redelmeir, screenwriters are more apt to lead unhealthy lifestyle, (45) _____________________________________________.Screenwriters don't have a boss to report to, which brings into account REdelmeier's second explanation, the "party-hearty hypothesis." "When you become a successful screenwriter, you again status without daily accountability(生计), (46) __________________________________." He says.Model Test 2Section ADirection: In this section, you will hear a short conversation and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A) The man should first sign a one-year lease. B) The man can move in a week later.C) The man should paint the whole thing. D) The man cannot take the apartment.12.A) She agrees with the man. B) She doesn't want to go out.C) She would rather go swimming. D) She doesn't think it is a fine day.13.A) Next Sunday night, 7:30 p.m. B) Next Saturday night, 7:00 p.m.C) Next Saturday night, 7:30 p.m. D) Next Sunday night, 7:00 p.m.14.A) He does not want to buy clothes. B) He is not afraid to take a risk.C) His mother does not like receiving clothes. D) His mother likes delicious food very much.15.A) To a lamp store. B) To a hardware store. C) To the electric shop. D) To a bookstore.16.A) Take the GRE test again in 8 weeks. B) Call to check his scores.C) Be patient and wait. D) Inquire when the test scores are released.17.A) Their new classmate. B) Their new colleague. C) A reporter. D) Their new teacher.18.A) She read it selectively. B) She went it over chapter by chapter.C) She read it slowly. D) She finished it at a stretch. Conversation One19.A) She is environmentally-concerned. B) She wants to save money.C) Her car is being repaired in the shop. D) She wants to see the man on the bus.20.A) Diana believes the air is not likely to be cleaner.B) Diana thinks the diesel(柴油机) bus is free of pollution now.C) Diana has taken a class on environmental engineering.D) Diana sounds pessimistic about the future of the insulator(绝热器).21.A) It makes the fuel burn more efficiently. B) It helps release more unburned fuel.C) It is easy to install. D) It is very cheap.22.A) Lowering transportation fees. B) The environmental engineering class.C) The man's car in the shop. D) Better environment.Conversation Two23.A) The hotel confused him with another guest.B) Rooms are overbooked for that evening.C) There are no more rooms available for five people.D) All the rooms available are under renovation.24.A) There was a marathon going on. B) Almost all the hotels were being renovated.C) There was a conference going on. D) The hotel was overbooked two months ago.25.A) A honeymoon suite for $250 for the night and free breakfast of Chinese style.B) A honeymoon suite for $225 for the night and free breakfast of western style.C) A honeymoon suite for $200 for the night and free breakfast of Chinese style.D) A honeymoon suite for $200 for the night and free breakfast of western style.Section BDirection: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One26.A) Watching TV can cause physical diseases.B) TV places the viewer in a completely passive position.C) People are too dependent on TV.D) The quality of some TV programs is poor.27.A) Television has more advantages than disadvantages.B) Television has more disadvantages than advantages.C) It is no use watching TV.D) Television in itself is neither good nor bad.28.A) How much a TV set costs. B) The quality of TV programs.C) How people put it to use. D) The number of people watching TV. Passage Two29.A) He wanted to remain popular with the audience.B) He wished to give more performances.C) He didn't trust others.D) He was extremely anxious about its negative effect.30.A) He was refused to give performances in 1804.B) He was not able to compose in 1804.C) He was becoming very difficult to be with in 1804.D) He attempted to kill himself in 1804.31.A) He didn't kill himself because of his friends. B) He remained single all his life.C) He was always not easy to be with. D) He had few friends in his life. Passage Three32.A) About 1920. B) Around 1925. C) Around 1930. D) About 1935.33.A) Over 16 million. B) Over 3.5 million. C) Over 1 million. D) Over 2.5 million.34.A) Corn. B) Soybean. C) Oat. D) Rye.35.A) Corn. B) Soybean. C) Oat. D) Rye.Section CDirection: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It's difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. It's so vast, so deep, so (36)________. Unfortunately, it's not bottomless. Over-fishing, (37) ________ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and (38) ________ their environment.Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen's (39) ________ of living. At least 60 (40) ________ of the world's commercially important fish (41) ________ are already over-fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing.Big, high-tech fleets (42) ________ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. That's an (43) ________ of more than 20 million metric tons every year.(44)______________________________________________________________________.In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns(对虾) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.True, (45) ____________________________________________________________ before every ocean becomes a dead sea.(46)__________________________________________________________________, then catch them in a way that doesn't kill other innocent sea life.。
Model Test 1(一级)
Model Test 1 (一级)Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar. (25′)Section A Multiply Choice. (0.5×30＝15′)1. Bees__________in groups in a hive, and every bee________certain work that helps the other members of the group.A lived...didB live…doingC live…doesD living…doing2. I hope you__________ your stay in Venice next week.A enjoyB are going to enjoyC would enjoyD enjoyed3. The Safe Drinking Water Act requires that manicipal tap water__________for morethan 80 contaminants.A ought to be screenedB be screenedC need be screenedD is to be screened4. _____ the hustle and bustle of the big city, he saved up for years to buy a cottage in the countryside.A. Tiring ofB.Because tired ofC.When tiring ofD.Tired of5. For the first time in her life, she ______ a sense of fulfillment.A.feltB.has feltC.to feelD.has been feeling6. It is the first time that she_____ the moral standards of the community.A. is going to questionB.has questionedC. questionsD.questioned7.It was the second time that he_____ as a counselor at a summer camp.A. workedB.had workedC.could have workedD.must have worked8. The boy listened with amazement until the instructor insisted he_____ it.A. triedB.tryC.must tryD.would try9.Evidence from a recent study suggests that injures______ most likely to occur at social gatherings right after somebody hollers,"Hey everybody, watch this!"A.should beB.beC.areD.were10. It is a legal requirement that you_____ insurance for your car.A. haveB.need to haveC.ought to haveD.must have11. You are unlikely to succeed unless you______ his advice.A.ignoreB. understandC. rememberD. follow12. Smoking in this five-star hotel is_____.A. declinedB. preventedC. prohibitedD. refused13. When will you _____this new policy?A. adoptB. adaptC. addictD. adorn14. industrial expansion was a very sound investment in present-daysociety.A reliableB successfulC strategicD large-scale15. It is apparent that new energy sources will be required to keep up the______societies of the world in the future.A civicB civilianC civilD civilized16. It seems necessary for these newcomers to have some______at this stage for their better understanding of the new subject.A principleB principalC orientationD approach17. He _______ tonight with his horrifying fishing stories.A lived on my nervesB got on my nervesC touched a raw nerveD lost his nerve18. Many American Indians______contact with ghosts, so they disposed of the bodies of dead relatives immediately.A frightenedB scared ofC dazzledD dreaded19. His formula surprised many in the scientific community because it ______ the long-held belief.A contradictedB arguedC denouncedD criticized20. If any of the runners interfere with the others during the competition, the race is automatically declared null and ______.A coaxedB uselessC emptyD void 21．Can you tell us how you_____ the earthquake?A. were survivedB. survivedC. survived inD. survived after22."Are you still homesick? Believe me, you’ll soon_____."A. get it overB. get over itC. recoverD. recover it23. The workers were on strike, _________higher pay and better working conditions.A requiringB persistingC demandingD insisting24. The American historian Schlesinger’s works are notable for their __________insight into the sociological forces that shaped American history.A sharpB deepC keenD acute25. In order to __________ an earlier mistake, little John worked harder than before.A repayB redeemC recoverD regain26. Children __________ have better memories than adults, especially in learningforeign languages.A on averageB on the averageC on an averageD averagely27. Three Days to See____ my interest in knowing more about Helen Keller.A. roseB. aroseC. arousedD. raised28. Not knowing what to reply____ such a question, we kept silent.A. /B. toC. withD. on29. I was sick_____ his way of speaking.A. withB. offC. againstD. of30. I don’t like him; he always pokes his ______into other people’s affairs.A. fingersB. handsC. noseD. FootSection B Fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Write your answerson the answer sheet. (1×10＝10′)1.hero__________ (feminine form)2.heir (feminine form)3. We all look the wise old man. (fill in the blank with an equivalent to “respect highly”)4. The policeman began to take their statements in his book. (fill in the blank with an equivalent to “write ”)5. The letter has not been signed. It is . (the antonym of “signed”)6. His lecture is so monotonous that every one in the hall soon gets . (the antonym of “patient”)Choose from the following phrasal verbs and then fill in each blank with one that fits in the proper form.make for make off make up make up for make out7.Where we ? The school office?8.They are working hard to the lost time.9.The prisoner broke out and .10.He is murmuring. I can hardly what he is saying.Part II. Reading comprehension. (共40分，每个2分)Passage 1Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation's political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It's often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess (工业实力)over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.The competitiveness of America's industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government, industry, and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.31. Now a nation's political influence depends on _________.A. the strength of its military forcesB. its ability to compete in industryC. economic marketsD. both A and B32. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of_________.A. its powerful military forcesB. its vast landC. its industrial competitivenessD.its contributions to world peace33. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.A. other countriesB. the declining U.S. industrial baseC. a new standard for measuring powerD. less advanced technology34. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.A. its ability to adapt technologyB. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its peopleC. its ability to compete in the world marketsD. both A and B35. The purpose of writing this article is __________.A. to draw the readers' attention to a new standard for measuring powerB. to demonstrate American political influence in the worldC. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrialbase.D. to show American industrial prowessPassage 2Many people believe the glare from snow causes snow-blindness. Yet, dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snow-blindness, when exposed to several hours of "snow light".The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snow-blindness in troops in a snow-covered country. Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obscured, and the result is total, even though temporary, snow-blindness.Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape; Eventhe scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus. The men following can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop scouring the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snow blindness or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.36. To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.A.indispensableefulC.ineffectiveD.available37. When the eyes are sore, tears are produced to ________.A.clear the visionB.remedy snow-blindnessC.ease the irritationD.loosen the muscles38. Snow-blindness may be avoided by_______.A.concentrating to the solid white terrainB.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainC.providing the eyes with something to focus onD.covering the eyeballs with fluid39.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.A.give the men behind something to seeB.beautify the landscapeC.warm themselves in the coldD.prevent the men behind from losing their way40. A suitable title for this passage would be _______.A.snow-blindness and how to overcome itB.nature's cure for snow-blindnessC.soldiers in the snowD.snow visionPassage 3Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the languages those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle. They compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We actas if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is non sense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to get in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and le arn it.41.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.42.What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.43.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.44.Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.45.The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.Passage 4On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Clarke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her keys in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six o'clock she came home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time, dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang. Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.46. Mrs. Clarke looked forward to Thursday because_______.A. she worked at a club on the dayB. she visited a club on ThursdayC. she said visitors on ThursdaysD.a special visitor came on Thursday47. If someone had made a forced entry,_______.A. he or she would have needed a master keyB. he or she was still in the houseC. things would have been thrown aboutD.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or window48. On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.A.in an attempt to trick the thiefB.to see if the thief was hanging about outsideC.because she didn't want to miss the club againD.to the club but then changed her mind49. The lock on the front door was one which_______.A.could he opened from inside without a keyB. needed a piece of wire to open itC.couldn't be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key50. The wire felt to the floor_______.A.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorB.when the man's glove dropped offC.because the man just wanted to get awayD.because it was too hot to holdPart III. Fill in each blank with a word. Write your answers on the answer sheet.（1×15＝15′）Most Americans think that ice cream is as American (1) baseball (2) apple pie. (3) ice cream was known long (4) America was discovered.The Roman emperor Nero may have made a kind (5) ice cream. He hired hundreds (6) men to bring snow and ice (7) the mountains. He used it to make cold drinks. Traveller Marco Polo brought back recipes (8) chilled(9) frozen milk (10) China.Hundreds (11) years later, ice cream reached England. It is said (12) King Charles I enjoyed that treat very much. There is a story (13) bribed his cook to keep the recipe (14) ice cream a royal secret.Today ice cream is known (15) the world. Americans alone eat more than two billion quarts a year.Part IV. Translation. Write your answers on the answer sheet. ( 2×6＋3=15′)1.那是我第一次与雇主发生这么大的纠葛(trouble)。
Model-Test-1-答案
Model Test 1Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2上作答。
11 A) Catch a cold.B) Hurry to catch the bus.C) Sit next to the bus stop.D) Fix his torn sleeve.12A) Lily no longer lives in Boston.B) Lily doesn’t know how to economize.C) The woman called Lily in New York.D) The woman didn’t ever meet Lily.13A) Go to London.B) Spend the weekend at home.C) Go to Berlin.D) Visit her cousin.14A) To sell it to others.B) To make others interested in it.C) To throw it away.D) To ask Bill and Betty whether they want to have it.15A) The shopping list.B) Changing the curtains.C) What they need.D) Their economical condition.16A) Big parties are more impersonal than small ones.B) She prefers small parties.C) She likes big parties better.D) The party is too noisy.17A) Ann is serious about Bob.B) Bob is serious about Ann.C) Ann is not serious about Bob.D) Bob is not serious about Sally.18A) $20. B) $15. C) $24. D) $21.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) It’s too noisy.B) It’s not convenient to the university.C) The heating system is defective.D) The owner is unpleasant.20. A) Tell the owner two months in advance that she is moving.B) Alerting the housing authorities to her problem.C) Move to another apartment in the same building.D) Leave the end of the month.21. A) Rent would be very expensive.B) Public transportation wouldn’t be available.C) Apartment complexes in Winsor are old.D) Apartments in Winsor tend to be noisy.22. A) There is nothing special.B) They are new and functional.C) The walls are thin and you can hear everything from the next door.D) It is very noisy around.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) At Beijing City Tour Information Services.B) In Australia.C) At Beijing Hotel.D) In the Forbidden City.24. A) Tiananmen Square and the Palace Museum.B) The Summer Palace and the Yuanmin Garden.C) The Forbidden City and Chang’an Street.D) The Suburbs of Beijing.25. A) He can take No. 101 bus from the hotel.B) He can take a subway train.C) He can take the shuttle bus directly to the Summer Palace.D) All above are correct.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2作答。
Model Test One 答案
Model Test One 答案Part I WritingAccidents Concerning Campus SecurityHave you ever heard of the phenomena that accidents concerning campus security frequently occur in some schools? It is an issue that has shocked the public and sparked a heated discussion.This phenomenon can impose a quite negative impact on the individual as well as the whole society. First of all, the cruel scene has made many passers-by panic, not to mention the intense grief suffered by the relatives of the young victims. Besides, the phenomena will definitely pose a threat to the stability and security of the whole society. Some people even lose their confidence in living a secure and happy life.From my personal perspective, several counter-measures can be taken. For one thing, relevant authorities are to make sure that equipments are available in case of emergencies. For another, activities are to be launched to enhance the safety awareness of the pupils as well as their parents. Only in this way can we finally get rid of this kind of phenomenon.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. C6. C7. B8. potential liability9. mentoring, networking and social opportunities10. conflict-of-interest issuesPart III Listening Comprehension11. C 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. B 19.A 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A36. traditional 37. freedom 38. independent 39. community 40. establishes41. attend 42. environmentally 43. issues44. For example, young children grow crops in a school garden and learn about healthy eating45. And local schools share what they grow in community gardens with people in need46. we all need to make commitments to be change agents so that we don’t destruct our natural resourcesPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth )47. G D 48. E49. K50. D51. I52. A53. N54. C55. M56. H 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. D 64. C 65. A 66. CPart V Cloze67. B 68. D 69. C 70. A 71. C 72. D 73. A 74. B 75. C 76. D 77. B 78. A 79. B 80. D 81. B 82. D 83. A 84. D 85. C 86. BPart VI Translation87. might just as well stay in Shanghai88. would not have resorted to89. your delaying making the decision90. The rumor that the star has been taken into prison91. which they need to deal with1-1。
专升本英语试题与答案(新)
Model Test 1A节(Section A)词语用法1. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _____ it.A. delayB. refuseC. cancelD. postpone2. Y oung people are not _____ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. A. content B. generous C. confident D. conservative3. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly critic ized and argue that the power of the medium is _____. A. granted B. exaggerated C. implied D. remedied4. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A. curiosityB. determinationC. significanceD. status5. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _____ opportunity to change his mind. A. accurate B. adequate C. urgent D. excessive6. It is said that the math teacher seems _____ towards bright students.A. liableB. partialC. beneficialD. preferable7. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _____ trouble over the figures.A. extraB. extensiveC. spareD. supreme8. Everybody _____ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A. piledB. assembledC. joinedD. accumulated9.Putting a new window will _____ cutting away part of the roof.A. containB. compriseC. includeD. involve10.In the _____ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.A. eventB. faceC. timeD. courseB节(Section B)语法结构1. People are ___to have more confidence in a company if they know something about it.A. likeB. likingC. likelyD. unlike2. Pressure is believed to raise the ___ point of a liquid.A. boilB. boilingC. boiledD. boils3. It is said that in five years or so, China’s leading scientists ___ in the 1950’s and 1960’s will retire. A. trained B. train C. training D. being trained4. What substance is ___ to all the students in the class?A. knownB. knowingC. knowD. knew5. I prefer to live in the country rather than ___ in a big city.A. stayingB. to stayC. stayD. stays6. He objects to ___ in such a bad way.A. treatB. treatedC. treatingD. being treated7. Many a student ________ the same questions by the teacher in yesterday’s class.A. asksB. askC. was askedD. were asked8. I can’t hel p________ whether the doctor will be in time.A. wonderingB. wonderedC. wonderD. to wonder9. Space limitations simply required that hard decision________.A. should makeB. madeC. be madeD. was made10. Jim found two shirts he liked, but he had trouble ________ which one he should buy.A. decidingB. to decideC. decideD. decided11. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is __________ he was gradually going deaf.A. thatB. becauseC. sinceD. as12. Frank was very lucky __________ with his life ; he almost did not get out of the room..A. to escapeB. to have escapedC. escapedD. to be escaping13. What a lovely night! It’s worthy __________all my li fe.A. of rememberingB. to be rememberedC. to rememberD. being remembered14. I was as much at a loss __________.A. as the others didB. as others all wereC. as others have doneD. as all the otherswere15. Dr. Robert Bell went to New Y ork, bought some books and __________.A. visiting his daughterB. to visit his daughterC. visited his daughterD. visit his daughter16. By the end of July ,you __________ here for three years.A. will have studiedB. studiedC. will studyD. having studied17. The students are all gone. Because of the bad weather, the teacher permitted them _____ early.A. leaveB. to have leftC. to being leavingD. to leave18. __________ in his scientific research, he had no time left for recreational activities.A. Having absorbedB. AbsorbedC. AbsorbingD. Be absorbed19. He read the newspapers regularly __________ about the world situation.A. to be well informedB. to have well informedC. well informedD. well informing20. John was so worn out that he just _______down and slept for 24 hours.A. liedB. laidC. layD. had lain第三部分:阅读理解(Part III Reading Comprehension), 共20题,4节内容,考试时间为35分钟。
英语A级考试听力新题型
Model Test OneSection A1.A) She may give the man some advice.B) She doesn’t want to help the man.C) She doesn’t know either.D) She has chosen a model.2. A) Doctor B)Teacher C) Scientist D) Businessman.3. A) The production plan. B) The next month’s budget.C) The sales of the company. D) The opening of a new branch.4. A) This evening B) This Friday C) Next Friday D) Next week5. A) Call him back B) Wait for his callC)Give him a letter D) Send him an emailSection BCoversation 16. A) A pair of trousers B) A pair of shoes C) A dress D) A T-shirt.7. A) A cotton dress, size 6. B) A cotton dress, size 8.C) A silk dress, size 8. D) A silk dress, size 11.8. A) $ 10 B) $84 C) $94 D) $ 178 Conversation 29. A) To find a job B) To put up an ad. C) To sell the toys. D) To buy a toy10. A) English B) Pre-school Education C) Business Administration D) Law. Section CGood afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. A warm welcome to you all. My name is Belinda. __11_ __our travel agent. I will be your local guide during your saty in Beijing. This is our driver Mr. Zhang. He is a very __12_ ___ driver in the field of tourism. We are very glad to have the opportunity to serve you and also very glad to have the chance to show you around Beijing.I will try my best to make __13 __ in Beijing a pleasant one. If you have any special interest, please feel free to let me know. I will discuss with your driver to find a better __14_ __.I cannot do everything well by myself, so I need your help and highly appreciate your understanding and __15__.Section D16. What does the speaker mainly talk about?How to get ___ ________________.17. what is the advantage of asking yourself questions in the first suggestion?It will help you check your _ ______18. What is needed in one’s carrer development?Having a __ _________ and a plan.19. What matters at every stage of your carrer according to the speaker?___ _________________ matters.20. What can you do to advance your movement?Back up your action with _ _______.。
大学英语六级模拟测试题model-text01
Model Test OnePart I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay entitled Are Lies Necessary in Our Life? by commenting on American writer Howard Mel’s famous remark“We all tell lies—little lies,big lies,necessity lies in order to insure social and psychological peace and comfort”You should write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)Launching a campaign in specialist medical journals.B)Advertising medicines that need a prescription on TV.C)Making newspaper ads with doctor’s good comment.D)Getting some specialists to advertise for the products.2.A)The users’comment on medicine is not alwaysreliable.B)Ads of over-the-counter products are not allowed.C)The claim of any positive cure for a disease is forbidden.D)Most of the medicines need doctor’s prescription.3.A)Manufacturers don’t like it.B)Medical ads are not allowed to do it.C)They can’t afford the cost.D)They can’t make promises.4.A)He doesn’t consider much about customers.B)He can’t offer any practical way of promotion.C)He doesn’t deserve the promotion indeed.D)He knows little about the regulations of ads.Questions5to8re based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)The account number is51406881.C)There is no information about the account.B)The account number is21406881.D)There is no information about the bank’s name.6.A)She didn’t receive the same invoice as others.B)She found the man’s bank details were wrong.C)She confused the names of two banks.D)She couldn’t identify the account on the invoice.7.A)Transfer the money to the man as soon as possible.B)Try to sort out the truth and call the bank.C)Check the account number with Bank of Scotland.D)Make up for her mistakes and be careful next time.8.A)They are manager and assistant.C)They are customer and manager.B)They are business partners.D)They are coworkers of the same company.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions9to12are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Schools use private detection services.B)Teachers discuss essay topics with theirstudents.C)Teachers ask students to turn in early drafts ofpapers.D)Universities stop students from buying essays.10.A)Those that are involved in a specific field.B)Those that are very difficult and urgent.C)Those that need cooperation of two writers.D)Those whose writers are from abroad.11.A)Their work can only be used as a model.B)Most of their writers are poorly paid.C)Most writers have doctorate degrees.D)Students may handle the paper as they wish.12.A)Universities don’t pay much attention to academic achievement.B)Professors assign too much work to students in a short time.C)Communication failure appears between students and professors.D)Students don’t know the rules of the college they are attending.Questions13to15are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A)Salt is quite necessary for people’s health.B)Eating too much salt could do harm to the heart.C)The quantity of salt varies among different people.D)People are launching a campaign to eat less salt.14.A)Eating more salt means more heart attacks.B)Less salt is sure to reduce many heart-related diseases.C)Eating less salt may lead to high blood pressure.D)It’s not clear whether eating less salt will have good results.15.A)Most people consume similar amount of salt.B)Americans eat less salt than the others.C)Different people eat different amount of salt.D)Salt is relevant to people’s health.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to19are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)They are about to be more productive.B)They tell us to be more physically healthy.C)They focus on the importance of habits.D)They help people make more money.17.A)We should be hardworking.B)We are in control of our life.C)We have a great potential for everything.D)We can accomplish the resolutions.18.A)Analyze the reasons for failure.C)Look for some other opportunities.B)Try the same thing one more time.D)Think about how to improve ourselves.19.A)They don’t have the deadlines for tasks.B)They avoid being too stressed at work.C)They tend to think there is plenty of time.D)They think they will do better the next day.Questions20to22are based on the recording you have just heard.20.A)They are not in a hurry when they say things out loud.B)They act as if they are reflecting on everything carefully.C)They tend to think a lot before they say something out.D)They enjoy the relaxed feeling and never rush.21.A)They will feel annoyed.C)They will feel intimate.B)They will be surprised.D)They will be impressed.22.A)Good talkers will be able to talk about it for a long time.B)It is a good way to show the talker’s plentiful knowledge.C)It can be brought out in a conversation and fascinate others.D)Most people can say something about psychology and sociology.Questions23to25are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Systematic management.B)The transport of goods.C)Customer service.D)The concept of benefits.24.A)Timing.C)Supporting services.B)Raw materials.D)Location.25.A)Material management.C)Supply chain management.B)Physical distribution.D)Human resource management.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market.Bob Crossley, a human-resource expert notices this in the job application that comes across his desk every day.“It’s26howI)dominant J)eliminate K)launch L)mysterious M)precise N)probably O)undertakeA)abolishB)adjustmentsC)administrationD)amazingE)botherF)comparesG)comprisesH)constantly many candidates cancel themselves,”he says.“Resumes arrive with stains.Some candidates don’t 27to spell the company’s name correctly.Once I see a mistake,I 28the candidate,”Crossley concludes.“If they cannot take care of these details,why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to details?Absolutely.Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward.“To keep from losing the forest for the trees,”says Charles Garfield,professor at the University of California,San Francisco,“we must 29ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the large picture.”Garfield 30this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA.“The Apollo Ⅱmoon 31was slightly off-course 90percent of the time,”says Garfield.“But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the 32coordinates of our goal.This allowed us to make 33as necessary.”Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the significance of the every task we 34.Often we believe what accounts for other’s success is some special secret or a lucky break.But rarely is success so 35.Again and again,we see that by doing little things within our grasp well,large reward follow.Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Rising Inequality Is Holding Back the U.S.Economy[A]In announcing his run for the presidency last month,Jeb Bush has set an ambitious goal of 4percent real growth in gross domestic product (GDP).This goal has been greeted with substantial skepticism from parts of the economics establishment,while some economists have praised it as a “worthy and viable aspiration”that could be achieved with growth-oriented policies.Our recent research implies that a 4percent growth goal for first term of the next President is not only possible,but is what we should strive to achieve.Like Hubbard and Warsh,veteran Republican economic policymakers,we agree that the U.S.needs policies that raise labor force participation,accelerate productivity growth and improve expectations.Where we part ways is the tactics.[B]Their recommendations focus on supply-side policies,such as tax reform,regulatory reform,reduced trade friction and education and training.Our research implies that a weak demand side explains the sluggish(萧条的)recovery from the Great Recession,with the rise of income inequality as a central factor.Consequently,our policy prescriptions revolve around increasing the take-home pay of the majority of American households.The Great Recession,which began in December2007,was the most severe American economic downturn in three-quarters of a century.Most economists did not anticipate ahead of time that this kind of thing could happen,although we warned that “it could get ugly out there”in October 2007.[C]But as the severity of the recession became apparent in the dark days of late 2008and early 2009,many economists predicted a swift bounce-back,reasoning from historical evidence that deep downturns are followedby rapid recoveries.Sadly,that prediction was also incorrect.The growth path following the Great Recession has been historically sluggish.Our recent research,supported by the Institute for New Economic Thinking,helps explain why:The economic drag from decades of rising income inequality has held back consumer spending.[D]Our work studies the link between rising income inequality and U.S.household demand over the past several decades.From the middle1980s until the middle2000s,American consumers spent liberally despite the fact that income growth stagnated(停滞)for most of the population.We show that the annual growth rate of household income slowed markedly in1980for the bottom95percent of the income distribution,while income growth for the top5percent accelerated at the same time.The result was the widely discussed rise of income inequality.[E]It is also well known that household debt grew rapidly during this period.Our work points out that the buildup of debt relative to income was concentrated in the bottom95percent of the income distribution.Debt to income for the top5percent bounced around with little clear trend:When the financial crisis hit,our work shows that the bottom95percent of Americans could no longer get the rising debt they needed to continue to spend along the trend they established in the years leading up to the crisis.The result was a sharp cutback in household demand relative to income that caused the collapse of the Great Recession.[F]What about the recovery?Household demand in2013(the most recent observation we have because our computations incorporate data that are released with a lag and are available at an annual frequency only)was a stunning17.5percent below its pre-recession trend,with no sign of recovering back toward the trend.What happened?Our research implies that the cutoff of credit for the group of households falling behind as income inequality rose prevented their spending from recovering to its pre-recession path.[G]While there is no reason to necessarily expect that consumer spending will follow a constant trend over long periods of time,the practical reality is that the U.S.economy needed the pre-recession trend of demand to maintain adequate growth and at least a rough approximation of full employment prior to2007.In the middle 2000s,there was no sign of excess demand in the U.S.economy.Inflation was tame and interest rates were low. Wage growth was stagnant.Although some gradual slowing in long-term U.S.growth might have been predicted as the large baby-boom generation ages,the overall labor force participation rate was actually rising prior to the recession,so there was no reason to expect any significant decline in labor resources in the years immediately following2007.[H]Yes,the way many Americans were financing their demand was unsustainable,but there is no indication that businesses could not sustainably continue to produce along the pre-recession trend if they had been able to sell the output.Our interpretation of the evidence is that the demand drag that could be expected as the result of rising inequality is,after a delay of a-quarter century,finally constraining the U.S.economy.Intuition,theory and evidence predict that high-income people spend,on average,a smaller share of their income than everyone else does.So as a higher share of income goes into the pockets of the well-to-do,the household sector as a whole is likely to recycle less of its income back into spending,which slows the path of demand growth.[I]A possible problem with this prediction for the U.S.in recent years is that income inequality began to rise in the early1980s,but household demand remained strong through2006.Our argument is that the demand drag from rising inequality was postponed by the buildup of debt:The bottom95percent borrowed rather than cut back their spending when their income growth slowed.But as the crisis hit,lending to households collapsed,and the trend of rising debt could not continue.[J]The effect of rising inequality has hit the economy hard.As a result,today’s economy is underperforming. No one can know precisely how much of the stagnation in household demand is due to the rise of inequality,but our estimates imply that the current path of total demand in the economy is at least10percent below where it would have been with the income distribution of the early1980s.Where demand goes,so follows output and employment.This analysis links to the call for4percent growth.Considering conventional estimates of the long-term trend growth of the economy,a4percent growth rate through the next U.S.President’s first term would go a long way toward closing the gap in output that opened with the collapse of household spending in the GreatRecession and has yet to be filled.[K]How can we move toward this goal?Our research strongly implies that the main problem is on the demand side,not the supply side.The U.S.needs to find a way to boost demand growth by arresting,and hopefully reversing,the dramatic rise of inequality,The basic argument is exceedingly simple:The economy continues to be held back by insufficient household spending,and if the income share of Americans outside of the top sliver rises,household spending will increase.Policies that raise the minimum wage and reduce the tax burden of low-and middle-income households would help.[L]In our view,however,the best method to achieve this objective would be to restore wage growth across the income distribution as occurred in the decades after World WarⅡ.Meeting this objective is challenging for a variety of reasons,including the fact that there remains no clear consensus about what has caused the rise of American economic inequality.But the need to address inequality is not just a matter of social justice;it also is important to get the economy back on the right track after more than seven years of stagnation.We can dobetter. 36.Americans were free with their money though their income growth mostly remained still from the late20thcentury to the Great Recession.37.Contrary to many economists claims,the U.S.economy didn’t experience rapid recoveries after the GreatRecession.bor resources were not expected to suffer from a sharp fall in the years after2007.39.Reducing the income inequality is of significance in terms of social justice and economic recovery.40.The author differs from some economic policymakers on the strategies the U.S.should take to boost theeconomy.41.The author estimates that the current demand should have been ten percent higher if the income distributionremained the same as the early1980s.42.The majority of the low-income earners continued to take on more loans rather than cut expenses when theirincome growth has been weakening.43.To achieve the goal of4%growth in GDP,the demand growth should be boosted by raising the income shareof the bottom95%.44.It’s predicted that high-income earners generally spend less relative to their income than others.45.Except a little warning two months before the Great Recession,the majority of economists didn’t foresee itscoming.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46and50are based on the following passage.Musicians—from karaoke singers to professional violin players—are better able to hear targeted sounds in a noisy environment,according to a piece of new research that adds to evidence that music makes the brain work better.“In the past ten years there’s been an explosion of research on music and the brain,”Aniruddh Patel,the Senior Fellow at the Neurosciences Institute in San Diego,said today at a press briefing.Most recently brain-imaging studies have shown that music activates many diverse parts of the brain, including an overlap where the brain processes music and language.Language is a natural aspect to consider in looking at how music affects the brain,Patel said.Like music, language is“universal,there’s a strong learning component,and it carries complex meanings.”For example,brains of people exposed to even casual musical training have an enhanced ability to generatethe brain wave patterns associated with specific sounds,be they musical or spoken,said study leader Nina Kraus, director of the Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory at Northwestern University in Illinois.Kraus’previous research had shown that when a person listens to a sound,the brain wave recorded in response is physically the same as the sound wave itself.In fact,“playing”the brain wave produces a nearly identical sound.But for people without a trained ear for music,the ability to make these patterns decreases as background noise increases,experiments show.Musicians,by contrast,have subconsciously trained their brains to better recognize selective sound patterns,even as background noise goes up.At the same time,people with certain developmental disorders,such as dyslexia(阅读障碍症)，have a harder time hearing sounds amid the noise—a serious problem,for example,for students straining to hear the teacher in a noisy classroom.Musical experience could therefore be a key therapy for children with dyslexia and similar language-related disorders,Kraus said.In a similar vein,Harvard Medical School neuroscientist Gottfried Schlaug has found that stroke patients who have lost the ability to speak can be trained to say hundreds of phrases by singing them first.In his research,Schlaug demonstrated the results of intensive musical therapy on patients with lesions(损伤)on the left sides of their brains,those areas most associated with language.Before the therapy,these stroke patients responded to questions with largely incoherent sounds and phrases. But after just a few minutes with therapists,who asked them to sing phrases and tap their hands to the rhythm,the patients could sing“Happy Birthday,”recite their addresses,and communicate if they were thirsty.“The underdeveloped systems on the right side of the brain that respond to music became enhanced and changed structures,”Schlaug said.Overall,Schlaug said,the experiments show that“music might be an alternative medium for engaging parts of the brain that are otherwise not engaged.”46.According to Patel,the function of language is usually under consideration when.A)people tend to study the relation between music and the brainB)musicians try to explain the profound meaning behind a piece of musicC)scientists do experiments on the function of different parts of the brainD)audience participate in the discussion on the complexity of music47.Why can musicians hear selective sound patterns in a noisy environment?A.Because they have subconsciously trained their ears to get accustomed to those sound patterns.B)Because their brains have been trained to recognize specific sound patterns in noisy background.C)Because they can produce the brain wave patterns the same as those soundpatterns.D)Because their trained ears are sensitive to specific sounds no matter where theyare.48.According to Kraus,the significance of the link between music and the brain lies in thefact that.A)language ability can be enhanced by listening to musicB)all kinds of brain disorders can be cured by listening to musicC)music is the sole method to deal with mental diseasesD)music can be effective in treating people with language problems49.How can stroke patients be treated in Schlaug’s findings?A)They should utter a phrase a hundred times a day when starting the recovery training.B)They should chant phrases instead of saying them at the beginning stage of the training.C)Doctors should persuade them to sing songs every day to regain their speaking ability.D)They should practise singing the phrases after saying them hundreds of times every day.50.By singing phrases,stroke patients are trying to.A)restore the language function of the damaged system in the left brainB)hinder the damaged structure in the brain from deteriorating sharplyC)improve the structures of the underdeveloped systems in the right brainD)practise the parts of the brain which are under constant usePassage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.All kinds of people describe themselves as shy:short,tall,dull,intelligent,young,old,slim,overweight.Shy people are anxious and self-conscious;that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions.Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds:What kind of impression am I making?Do they like me?Do I sound stupid?Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.A person’s self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves,and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions.In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.For instance,people who have a positive sense of self-worth or high self-esteem usually act with confidence.Because they do not need constant praise and encouragement from others to feel good about themselves.Self-confident people participate in life enthusiastically and spontaneously.They are not affected by what others think they“should do”.People with high self-esteem are not hurt by criticism;they do not regard criticism as a personal attack.Instead,they view a criticism as a suggestion for improvement.In contrast,shy people,having low self-esteem,are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.They need reassurance that they are doing“the right thing”.Shy people are very sensitive to criticism;they feel it confirms their inferiority.They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise.A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one:“You’re just saying that to make me feel good.I know it’s not true.”It is clear that,while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is detrimental,or harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated,or at least reduced?Fortunately,people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence.Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.For example,most people would like to be“A”students in every subject.It is not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have difficulty in some areas.People’s expectations of themselves must be realistic.Living on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy.Each one of us is a unique,worthwhile individual.We are interested in our own personal ways.The better we understand ourselves,the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.Let’s not allow our shyness to block out chances for a rich and fulfilling life.51.The first paragraph is mainly about.A)the characteristics of shy peopleB)the cause of shynessC)the questions in the minds of shy peopleD)the effect of shyness on people52.According to the writer,self-awareness is.A)harmful to peopleB)a weak point of shy peopleC)the cause of unhappinessD)a good quality53.According to the passage,the uncomfortable feelings of shy people.A)have no effect on themB)have a favourable effect on themC)have an unfavourable effect on themD)can hardly be overcome54.What is the shy people’s usual reaction to a compliment?A)They are pleased about it.B)They suspect it is not true.C)They are very sensitive to it.D)They feel it confirms their inferiority.55.We can infer from the passage that the writer would favor.A)a shy person C)a sensitive personB)a realistic person D)a reserved personPartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.功夫(Kung fu)是一种典型的中国传统文化，它是一项既活动肌肉又活动大脑的运动。
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31. I don’t find anyimportance ________ (important) of this project. be held until 32. The sports meet will not (hold)________ every thing is ready. 33. The pollution ________(pollute) of air and water is very serious in this area. 34. Mr. Smith holds a powerful _______ (powder) position in his company and none dared to say no to him. 35. Public (dispute)disputations _________ between directors do nothing to improve the company’s image.
D 24. The children are _______ in a great deal of outdoor activities. A. occupied B. entered C. dealt D. engaged D 25. What do you _________ has happened to her? A. imaginable B. imagination C. imaginative D. imagine
21. “What do you think of the book?” “Oh, excellent. It’s worth _______ D a second time.” A. reading B. being read C. to read D. to be read B 22. In this sense, bad things _______ into good things. A. can turn B. can be turned C. can be to turn D. should turn 23. There are a lot of school children in the long line C outside, ______ to get tickets for the show. A. hurried B. excited C. eager D. worried
Model Test One(B)
Part II. Vocabulary & Structure Section A
B 16. The reason _______ he did not arrive in America as scheduled was that his flight was called off because of the bad weather. A. when B. why C. which D. where A 17. My patience is beginning to ________. A. run out B. run away C. run on D. run down
Section B
freezing 26. Although it was ________(freeze) cold, all the students were present at meeting. interested 27. He appears (interest)__________ in the sports news on the back package of his paper. Compared 28. _______ (compare) with his brother he is much clever and intelligent as well. addictedto playing the 29. He became (addict)_______ computer games. impoliteto make 30. As usual, it is regarded as (polite)________ fun of others in public.
64. B-A-D-C
65. We thank for your letter of 1 July, asking for details and price the computers produced by our company. We are very glad to enclose the latest price list and product catalogue, together with details of Model X4 computer. Do not hesitate to write to us if you want to require information.
感谢贵方在7月1日发出的询问我公司生产的计算 机详细介绍和价格的信件。我方很高兴把最近的价 格表和产品目录连同X4型号的详细配置寄给贵方。 如果贵方想知道更多的信息，请及时与我们联系。
Part V. Writing
以Frany的名义于2009年12月4日给 Susan写 一封感谢信。内容如下： 1. 感谢提供了很好的住宿。 2. 到美国后，您是第一个帮助我的人。 3. 虽然身处不同的国家，但是希望保持联系。 4. 希望有机会到中国来，可以报答在您家时 受到的热情款待。 5. 再次表示感谢。
B 18. Whatever _________ he may give, they can only be excuses. A. results B. reasons C. excuses D. conclusions A 19. It was John _______ clean the window. A. who B. whom C. what D. which B 20. If he _______ my advice, he could not have been miserable. A. listen to B. had listened to C. would had listened to D. should listen to
61. C-B-A-D(各项得分为：2-1.5-1-0)
62. Looking at the cloudy gray morning sky, the mountain climbers decided to put off the plan. 62. B-D-C-A A. 灰色的天空对登山者来说是实施计划的时 候。 B. 看到乌云密布的天空，登山者决定推迟他 们的计划。 C．乌云密布的天空推迟了登山者的计划。 D. 看到乌云密布的天空，登山者决定取消他 们的计划。
Dec.4, 2009
Dear Susan, Thank you for offering me such a nice place to stay. You are the first person who gave me a hand when I first arrived in the United States. I hope we can often keep in contact even though we are in different places of the world. I also hope you can come to China some day when I will be able to pay back some of the hospitality I received during my stay at your home. Thank you again. Yours sincerely, Frany
63. It is necessary that the amount of fat in your food be limited. 63.C-A-B-D A. 食物中有限的脂肪是很必要的。 B. 有限的脂肪是食物中的必要因素。 C．食物中的脂肪含量应该是有限的，这是很 必要的。 D. 对身体很有必要的脂肪，往往在食物中是 有限的。
Part III. Reading Comprehension
Task 4. A—the international community B—the multi-polarization of the world C—good-neighborly and friendly relations D—the accepted norms of international relations E—globalization of the economy F—the purposes and principles of the UN Charter
64. Who doesn’t love sitting beside a fire on a cold winter’s night? A. 谁是不喜欢在冬天寒冷的晚上坐在火堆旁 的人？ B. 有谁不喜欢在冬天寒冷的晚上坐在火堆旁？ C．不喜欢冬天寒冷的夜晚的人就坐在火堆旁。 D. 每个人都不喜欢在冬天寒冷的夜晚坐在火 堆旁。
Part IV.Translation — English to Chinese
61. Candidates are expected to skilled at using a computer by this company. A. 竞争者希望能在这家公司熟练地应用电脑。 B. 候选人应该能熟练地应用这家公司卖的电 脑。 C．竞争者应该能在这家公பைடு நூலகம்熟练地使用电脑。 D. 候选人希望能买到这家公司最好的电脑。
G—international practices H—the constructive strategic partnership I—South-South cooperation J—exclusive econnomic zone K—common prosperity and development L—double standards M—nuclear-free zones N—world peace and stability O—non-interference in each other’s internal affairs