非谓语动词常考知识用法必背

非谓语动词常考知识点用法必背

一、作宾语

（一）以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语

afford to do（付得起），agree to do（同意），decide to do（决定），determine to do（决心），expect to do（期待），fail to do（未履行），help (to )do（帮助），hope to do（希望），learn to do（学会），manage to do（设法），offer to do（主动提出），plan to do（计划），pretend to do（假装），promise to do（答应），refuse to do（拒绝），seem to do（觉得好像），want to do（想要），wish to do（希望）happen to do

举例：1.The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

2. I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

3. He managed to pass the driving test. 他设法通过了驾驶考试。

4. My father promised to buy me a new bike. 我爸爸答应给我买一辆新单车。

5. He can’t afford to buy an expensive car. 他买不起昂贵的小车。

6. We decide to study hard from now on. 我们决定从现在起努力学习。

（二）以下动词后，只能跟动名词作宾语

avoid doing(避免) ，consider doing（考虑做），enjoy doing（乐于做），keep doing（继续做）finish doing（完成），suggest doing（建议做），dislike doing（不喜欢），escape doing（逃脱）cannot help doing（禁不住），imagine doing（想象），mind doing（介意），miss doing（错过），practise doing（练习），appreciate感激，欣赏

举例：1. You can hardly avoid meeting her if you both work in the same office.如果你们两人在同一个办公室做事，你几乎免不了要遇见她。

2．We are considering going shopping this afternoon.我们正考虑下午去购物。

3. I enjoy reading in the library at weekend. 我喜欢周末在图书馆看书。

4. The little girl escaped being injured in the accident. 这个小女孩没有在这次事故中受伤。

5. We often practice speaking English in the morning. 我们经常在早上练习说英语。

6．I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.

我很感激两年前能有出国学习的机会.

（三）以下动词后，既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同

stop to do停下、、、去做另一件事mean to do计划/打算做某事try to do尽力做某事

stop doing停止做某事mean doin g 意味着try doing尝试做某事

regret to do遗憾没有/要去做某事go on to do接着去做某事forget to d o忘记去做某事regret doing后悔做了某事go on doing继续做某事forget doing忘记曾做过某事remember to do记得要去做某事remember doing记得曾做过某事

（四）作介词宾语：

devote to(doing) sth 献身于，object to (doing) sth.反对，pay attention to注意

get down to开始着手做，lead to导致, look forward to(doing ) sth.盼望stick to坚持，be used to ( doing) sth习惯于等give up doing 放弃

feel like doing想要做某事keep on doing 继续insist on（doing）坚持

e.g.1. I am looking forward to seeing you again.

2. The little boy feels like being taken outside.

3. My grandfather is used to getting up early in the morning.

4. He has devoted his whole life to teaching.

（五）以下动词后，既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义没有大区别

begin to do begin doing start to do start doing开始做continue to do continue doing继续做

like to do like doing

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二、作宾语补足语

（一）动词不定式做宾补

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做would like sb. to do sth. / want sb. to do sth.想要某人做

a llow sb. to do sth. = permit sb. to do sth允许某人做. forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做encourage sb. to do st h鼓励某人做. prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做

tell/ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做

get sb. to do sth.让某人做force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做

1.My mother often reminds me to study hard.

2.The teacher got us to do some reading practice after class.

3.The workers were forced to work day and night.

4.We encourage him to have a try once again.

5.My classmates advise me to read English aloud every morning.

6.Children are forbidden to play near the bank.

7.My grandmother persuaded him to give up smoking.

My grandmother persuaded him into giving up smoking.

（二）主语+感官动词（see/ watch/ hear/ notice/ feel）+宾语+ do 动作全过程：做了某事使役动词（have/ make / let /keep / find ）doing 动作正在进行

I felt the floor move.done 表被动: 某人/事被、、、、

I watched the glasses on the table fall off onto the ground.

We heard someone singing outside the classroom.

They saw him playing basketball on the play ground.

I saw a thief caught by the police just now.

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

He couldn’t make himself heard in such a noisy room.

We found a horse tied to a big tree.

（三）with+宾语+ to do 表将来，表未做的动作

doing 表主动

done 表完成、被动

With lots of homework to do, we will be very busy today.有很多作业要做，今天我们会很忙。

With lots of homework done, we are not very busy today.很多作业已完成了，今天我们不是很忙。

With the teacher helping us, we finished the homework easily .有老师的帮助，我们很容易就完成了作业。

三、作定语和表语（主要区别现在分词和过去分词）

常见的词有：interesting有趣的exciting令人激动的delighting令人高兴的

interested 感兴趣的excited感到激动的delighted感到高兴的

disappointing令人失望的encouraging 令人鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的puzzling令人费解的disappointed感到失望的encouraged 感到鼓舞的pleased 感到愉快的puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的surprising 令人吃惊的worrying令人担心的

satisfied 感到满意的surprised感到吃惊的worried 感到担心的

We are satisfied with the satisfying answer.

I am very interested in the interesting story.

The parents were worried about their worrying son.

They were surprised at the surprising news.

The teacher was disappointed to know the disappointing result.

四、其它常用结构: (1) prevent sb./sth.（from）doing sth.阻止某人做/阻止某事发生=

stop sb. (from )doing sth.阻止某人做/阻止某事发生= keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做/阻止某事发生

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