嘉莉妹妹在中国_嘉莉妹妹研究述评_英文_温世明

［作者简介］温世明，男，甘肃白银人，天水师范学院外国语学院教师，研究方向：英美文学、翻译理论与实践；苏俊安，男，甘肃白银人，天水师范学院外国语学院教师，南京财经大学外国语学院硕士生。

研究方向：英美文学，翻译理论与实践。

A Study of Sister Carrie ———A Chinese Perspective○Wen Shiming Su Junan（School of Foreign Languages ，Tianshui Normal University ，Tianshui ，Gansu ，741001）［Abstract ］Sister Carrie is the first novel of Theodore Dreiser and it is full of thoughts and artistic connotations．Thenovel witnesses the great changes of American society at the turn of the 19th and the 20th century．The boom of industriali-zation changes people ’s life style as well as their ways of thoughts ，especially female thoughts．Carrie is a typical woman representative of the period．The novel is very popular in Chinese readers and scholars．Scholars have explore this novel from different angles ，mainly focuses on the ethical evaluation of the protagonist Carrie and the capital evil behind the loss of Carrie．This paper has a review of Chinese Scholars ’study of Sister Carrie．Throughout the review of the study ，the au-thor points outs that Sister Carrie is significant in present China in enlightening people ’s value and women ’s social posi-tion．In Sister Carrie ，there are still a lot to be further explored in a deep sense and wide perspective．［Key words ］Sister Carrie ；Chinese Perspective ；ethical evaluation［中图分类号］I106．4［文献标识码］A ［文章编号］1672-8610（2011）02-0059-02I．IntroductionSister Carrie tells us how Carrie ，a poor country girl ，be-comes a famous star in Broadway．In the novel ，Dreiser de-scribes the living conditions and emotional changes of Carrie very vividly．Since its publication ，this novel has been attracting criti-cal attentions from America and abroad and many studies have been done on this novel from different perspectives．some schol-ars study it from the materialistic angle and discuss determinism and social Darwinism displayed in it．Moreover ，critics have been extending unanimous condemnation to Carrie and labeled her as a fallen woman．Besides ，others discuss the theme of Car-ries pursuit of self －realization．Ⅱ．American Dream and Morality in Sister CarrieAmerican Dream has been one of the most ideal dreams throughout the world．It originated from the Puritan belief of building a city upon a hill．Later on ，it developed into a kind of secular idea ：everyone can succeed from rags to riches with his /her own intelligence and hard work．In American history ，it has attracted millions of people to seek their dreams from all over the world ，and really a lot of dreams have come true．However ，when American history entered the transitional period ，which was around the year 1900，the means of realizing American Dreamdeviated from its original track ，so there appeared an abnormal phenomenon to make your ideal dream come true ，you have to do something immoral ．The paper ，based on ethical literary criti-cism ，analyzes some main details concerning the heroine ’s （Sister Carrie ’s ）crucial behavior and critical thinking ，points out that the moral tendency of Sister Carrie is influenced greatly by the social environment and concludes that the novel Sister Carrie is meaningful and naturalistic in reflecting the social prob-lems of that very period （Huang Kaihong ）．In Sister Carrie ，the author shows the process of the erosion of American Dream ，in the novel ，although the protagonist sister Carrie attained some achievements she paid the heavy moral price．Her final happiness was far away from her original ideal expectation．Traditionally ，Americans have sought to realise the American dream of success ，fame and wealth through thrift and hard work．However ，the industrialisation of the 19th and 20th centuries began to erode the dream ，replacing it with a philoso-phy of “get rich quick ”．Ⅲ．Crisis of Ecological EthicsProfessor Zhu Zhenwu from ShangHai University analyze Sister Carrie from the perspective of ecological ethics．Cities and industrial city civilization dominated by men ，deterioration of natural environment worship of money and commodity and—95—语文学刊·外语教育教学2011年第2期oppression of women go hand in glove．The city environment which is permeated with an atmosphere of ceaseless commercial-ization，spiritual vacuum and belief crisis，reduced Sister Carrie from an innocent city immigrant to a commodity．In today’s world that is still dominated by men and characterized by unprec-edented material production，the importance of ecological ethics should be reevaluated and resurrected as a spiritual redemption for human beings returning to nature and ethic．Ⅳ．The Analysis of the Character of Carrie in the NovelProfessor Gao Yufen analyzes the aspect of Carrie’s insatia-ble character through her relations with the other three men，which helps invoke readers’considerations over the view of life of Dreiser’s naturalism．Gao explores Carrie’s character based on the her three different life goals．As a representative of natu-ralism，Dreiser depict American urban life during the19th and 20th century．Gao illustrate three life aims of Carrie：prosperity，easy and the mental satisfaction．The first aim is to pursue a sta-ble life with abundant possession．Carrie left her hometown，a countryside，for the big city for a better new life．At first，her wish is simple：beautiful clothes，enough money and remarkable reputation．She doesn’t care the ways to achieve her goal．She will never be satisfied with what she has gained．There are always new aims in her mind．Her second aim is to pursue more prosperity．Thirdly，Carrie has another aim，that is spiritual demand．Ⅴ．Feminist Perspective Study of Sister CarrieGuoping holds that Carrie has not confined her pursuit in the aspect of material welfare alone，and she also pursues bravely the self－realization of a New Woman．It is more commendable that she has shifted her initial simple material desire to the pur-suit of noble spiritual life for the beauty of art．In the master’s thesis，Guo also illustrates the process of self－rebuilding of Car-rie，including the process of formation，deprivation and rebuil-ding of her self．Ⅵ．ConclusionBased on the above study，we can find that the mainly fo-cuse on Carrie’s ups and downs，the evaluation of Carrie from different perspectives．There are four major angles in studying the novel：American dream and morality，Crisis of Ecological Ethics．The analysis of the character of Carrie and Feminist per-spective study．Among them，feminist perspective is a new one，which give a positive evaluation to Carrie showing the process of the self－realization of a New Woman．Throughout the review of the study，the author points outs that Sister Carrie is significant in present China in enlightening people’s value and women’s social position．In Sister Carrie，there are still a lot to be further explored in a deep sense and wide perspective．【References】［1］高玉芬．永不满足的性格探索［J］．辽宁师范大学学报，2005（5）．［2］黄开红．社会转型的美国梦：试论嘉莉妹妹的道德倾向［J］．外国文学研究，2006（3）．［3］蒋道超．德莱塞研究［M］．上海外语教育出版社，2003．［4］郭平．自我的重建：从女性主义角度看嘉莉妹妹的成长历程［J］．山东大学，2009．［5］朱刚．二十世纪西方文艺批评理论［M］．上海外语教育出版社，2001．［6］朱振武．生态伦理危机下的城市移民“嘉莉妹妹”［J］．外国文学研究，2006（3）．嘉莉妹妹在中国———嘉莉妹妹研究述评温世明苏俊安（天水师范学院外国语学院，甘肃天水741001）［摘要］嘉莉妹妹是美国作家西奥多·德莱塞的第一部小说，这是一部极具思想和艺术内涵的作品。