高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点
高三英语高考语法知识点归纳总结情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词
八、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词I.情态动词基本用法情态动词用法否定式疑问式简答式can 能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）can not / cannot /can’tdoCan…do…？Yes,…can.No,…can’t.could couldn’t domay 可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not doMay…do…？Yes,…may.No,…mustn’t/can’t.might might not do Might…do…？Yes,…might No,…might not.must 必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustn’t do Must…do…? to.Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’t havehave to 只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）don’t have to do Do…have to do…？Yes,…do.No,…don’t.ought to 应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）ought not to/oughtn’t todoOught…to do…？Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall 用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等shall not/shan’t do Shall…do…？Yes,…shall.No,…shan’t.should 应当，应该（表义务责任）本该（含有责备意味）should not/sh ouldn’t do Should…do…？will 意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/won’t doWill/Would…do…？Yes,…will.No,…won’t.would would not/wouldn’t dodare 敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）dare not/daren’t do Dare…do…？Yes,…dare. No,…daren’t.need 需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）need not/needn’t do Need…do…？Yes,…must. No,…needn’t.used to 过去常常（现在已不再）used not/usedn’t/usen’tto dodidn’t use to doUsed…to do…？Did…use to do…？Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Yes,…did.No,…didn’t. II.情态动词的重点知识表示“能力、许可”的can和may 表示能力的情态动词用can/couldA computer_____think for itself; it must be told what to do.A.can’ｔB.must n’tC.may notD.might not表示许可时用may/might ,can/could 都可以，但在问句中用could…？或might…？以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确（must表示一定，必须，mustn’ｔ表示禁止，不许可）。
高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点
情态动词与虚拟语气常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horribledreams.A.Shouldn’t ’t ’t ’t2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived halfan hour early.’t ’t ’t ’t, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.-----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.、’t ’thave been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.express B. would express have expressed have expressed6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day.------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself.’t shout ’t have shoutedis my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday.#-------You it in the wrong place.A.must putB. should have put put have put8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.have taken have taken ’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning.’t ’t ’t ’tdid you do on the driving test---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous.do have done ’t have done D. should do[have broken your promise; You painting the house long ago. A. could have finished B. had better finishC. must have finished have finishedI didn’t go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down.---------- you mine. I wasn’t using it.borrow B. could have borrowedborrow have borrowed13. My newly-purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. I have left it on the trainB. Should14. You the meeting to tell me that .you could have come up to me afterwards.(have come to ’t have interruptedto attend ’t go to15. -----What are you doing, dear-------I’m watching the football game.-------What You your homework first.A.would have done have donehave done D. may have done二．情态动词常考情况表客观存在的可能如：Accidents can happen on such rainy days.；Driving on the highway can be dangerous可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall.You shall leave the room at once.It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him he shall have it tomorrow.My father told me, “You shall have a computer on your 18th birthday.”3.May well 与may as wellmay well + 动词原形，表示很可能He may well be proud of his son.Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.（may as well+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”You may as well do it at once.We may as well stay where we are.4.must 表示偏要，硬要Must you make so much noiseIf you must smoke, please go out.情态动词基本用法|练习is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it be rather cold sometimesA. mustbe really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shall’t let your head out of a moving bus, which lead to a terrible disaster.4. -----Can I pay the bill by check--------Sorry,sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash."cationWhat does the sign over there read-------- “No person smoke or carry a cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A.WillB. mayC. shallD. musthaven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.-------Don’t worry, you have it by Friday.A.Could7. Being examed twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver obey in this city.to, would you please buy me an MP5 player…----If you can help do some housework the whole vacation,you have one as a reward.A.mustB. need D . shall9. It is a set rule that all payment be made by the end of themonth.B. shallC. canD. maywell not want to go on the trip. She hates travelling.B. can11. ------The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.-------I think you as well consult an experienced worker.A.may12. If you talk about it with me, please wait till I finish mywork at hand.《A. canB. mayC. mustD. should13. Nick, stop screaming like crasy! Why you watch thatstupid football match at one in the morningA. shallB. wouldC. shouldD. must14. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. canB. mayC. mustD. willI smoke here-------If you , choose a seat in the smoking section.A.ShouldB. could16. -------Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night-------I wanted to, but my mum simply not let me out so late at night.A./B.couldC. wouldD. should17. ------Are you going to the lecture tomorrow afternoon-------I’m not sure now. I go to Professor Black’s class instead.A.mightB. wouldC. shouldD. must18. ----- I book a table for dinner a few dsays ahead of time------- Yes, you . The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays.A.Must; willB. Must; canC. shall; shallD. shall; must19. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be sorude to a lady.A. might C. should D. would20. My MP4 isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it-A. canB. must D. would三. 虚拟语气主从句时态练习|1------John went to the hospital alone.-------If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A.should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had toldweather has been very hot and dry.-------Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A.wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’thave diedwe the other road, might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .》A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved5. If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.B. should followC. had followedD. would follow6. be fired, your health care and other benefits wouldn’t be immediately cut off.A would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be7. If English included in the examinations, few students would choose it.A. weren’tB. isn’tC. hasn’t beenD. hadn’t been8. ----Mike , It’s a pity you didn’t come to last night’s concert. It was really great!-------Really If I so busy, I would have gone with you.A.hadn’t beenB. weren’tC. shouldn’t beD. wouldn’tbe《9. it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put offuntil the same time next week.A.Should ; /B. If ; shouldC. Were; /D. If; weregoing10. for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not把下列句子变成省略if 的形式1.If he had told me about it, I would have gone with him.2.If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better.3.If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here intime.4.，5.If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go hiking.6.If he were a bird, he would fly in the sky happily四. 介词短语中的虚拟语气用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:,without, but foreg:Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.练习1./2.Thank you for all your hard work last week, I don’t think weIt without you.A.can manage have managedmanage have managedfor our help ,we the program in time.A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finishedfor the help of my Eglish teacher, I the first prize in the English writing competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonwin have won}4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.spite of B. But for C. Because of forelectronic computers, much of today’s advanced technologyA. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achieved not been achieved四.错综时间条件句, 动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整eg: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.1.、2.If you had caught the early bus, you late now.A.Wouldn’t beB. won’t be’t have been D. aren’t2. If you had found a good job then, you trouble buying thehouse now.A. won’t haveB. wouldn’t haveC. wouldn’t hadD. didn’t have3. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying4. “ If you to my party yesterday, you the reason why I am wearing the clothes now.” Helen said to me.; had known come ; would know`C. had come; would have knownD. came; would know五. 含蓄条件句例如I would have come, but I was ill that day.I was ill that day, or I would have come.练习1.I you more help, but I was too busy.have given B. gave give D. should give2. I went on business that day. Otherwise, I you solve the problem.A. would helpB. helpedC. would have helpedD. was helping~3. I didn’t know you were ill, or I to the hospital to see you.A. would goB. would have goneC. have goneD. went4. I sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for you. come B. was coming C. would come D. would have comehad to look after my mother in the ,I part in your birthday party.A. would takeB. did takeC. had takenD. would have taken六.表示建议,要求,命令等词(如suggest,propose,advice,require,request,demand, recommend, order,command,insist)后的从句中,虚拟语气结构为should+ 动词原形,should可以省略.当suggest 表示“表明”, insist 表示“坚持说过去发生过某事”时不属于这种用法.eg: He suggested that we (should ) start off early the next day.It’s suggestesd that the meeting (should ) be put off till next week.·We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) go to DaLian for sightseeing.My suggestion is that we (should ) put off the meeting.练习recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustn’t allowD. couldn’t allow2. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating alarge meal.A. wouldn’t ’t ’t D. shouldn’tboss required that the plans before April.A. turn in B turned in C. be turned in D. turning ingeneral ordered that the soldiers toward the mountain.`A. marchedB. be marchedC. marchhad a proposal that the meetingoff B. be put off C. putting off D. would be put off七.as if, as though,would rather, if only,wish 后面常接虚拟语气. It’s necessary/important/strange/natural/essential后面从句动词常用(should)+do. It’s (high) time that sb. Did sth./ do sth.eg: He looks as if he were an artist.I would rather I were a bird.If only I were a bird.I wish I were a bird.It’s (high time) that you went to school.It’s (high) time that we should start out.1.Gorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’drather he more on its culture.A.Focus focus D. had focused2.------Where are the children The dinner is going to be completelyruined.-------I wish they always late.A.Weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t be ’t have been’s strange that they nothing about this matter.know know knownI wish I to my parent’s advice.B. listenC. am listeningD. had listenedat the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB. would follow followed D. followed6. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.A. were been C. is D. has been7. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been。
高考英语复习知识点：情态动词和虚拟语气及英语作文结尾万能公式
高考英语复习知识点：情态动词和虚拟语气及英语作文结尾万能公式高考英语复习知识点：情态动词和虚拟语气虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。
考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。
虚拟语气考点透析考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。
例如：①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldntB.shouldntC.cantD.might not解析句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。
that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。
正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。
例如：If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining解析句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。
句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。
下了一天的雨是事实，所以用陈述语气。
因为是发生在过去的事实，所以正确答案为A。
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。
情态动词和虚拟语气_高考英语_语法
Can you give me a lift to the station?
(5)有时会……（理论上的可能性）
The experienced teacher can make mistakes sometimes.
(6)固定搭配 1). cannot...too/enough 表示“无论„„也不
过分”“越„„越好”
month.
—Don’t worry.You________have it by Friday. A．could C．must
解析：
B．shall D．may
句意为：——我至今还没有拿到参考书，但是
下个月这个学科就要测试了。——别担心，周五之前你一定
会有的。本题考查情态动词。 shall 用于第二人称表示允诺、 要求、命令、威胁等语气，根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语
现在北京的公共交通非常便利，所以在市区
观光不应该有什么困难。
1.(2010· 浙 江 卷 )“You________have a wrong
number ，” she said ，“ There’s no one of that
name here.” A．need C．must B．can D．would
Would you mind if I opened the window?
(3)表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作
would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，后面接表示动 作的动词,不能接表示状态的词; used to表示过去的习惯动作或状 态，强调现在已不存在。
Every morning he will have a walk along this river. Whenever he was in trouble, he would ask me for help.
备战2024年高考英语考试易错点09 情态动词和虚拟语气(4大陷阱)(解析版)
易错点09情态动词和虚拟语气目录01易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】情态动词基本用法易混易错点【易错点提醒二】情态动词表判断推测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】情态动词后+have done易混易错点【易错点提醒四】虚拟语气易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：情态动词基本用法易混易错点。
【分析】功能：情态动词不能单独作谓语，后跟动词原形共同构成谓语。
形式：情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
否定形式是多数情态动词的否定式是在情态动词的后面加not。
时态：个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
位置：情态动词在谓语之前；谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前。
疑问句中在主语之前。
【高频考点】1.can/could表能力、请求、可能性(表示可能性用于否定句及疑问句中)；特殊句型：can not...too.../enough(再怎么……也不过分)、can't help but do sth.(不得不做某事)、can't wait to do sth.(迫不及待地做某事)。
2.may/might表较小的可能性；表示请求许可以及祝愿。
句型和搭配：may/might as well do表示“还是……好；最好……”；may well do表示“很可能”；may可以用来表示祝愿，用“may＋主语＋动词原形”结构。
May you succeed.祝你成功。
3.must表示非常肯定的推测；表“偏要；非要……不可”；mustn't意为“禁止”，表示“不必”应用needn't。
4.shall的用法用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表命令、警告、许诺或威胁等，语气强于should；用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征询意见。
5.should/ought toshould表责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”，还可表出乎意料的语气，意为“竟然”；ought to表义务或责任，意为“应该”。
高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点总结及真题解析
考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。
对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。
【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。
考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。
【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。
虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。
☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。
☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。
☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。
高中英语：情态动词与虚拟语气语法知识点
高中英语：情态动词与虚拟语气语法知识点高中英语：情态动词与虚拟语气语法知识点情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，用来表示愿望、态度或猜测等。
1．表示能力（1）表示如今的能力：can am\is\are able to（2）表示未来的能力：will be able to（3）表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，别表示是否做；was\were able to表示过去有能力做，同时成功做了，相当于：managed to do sth\succeeded in doing sth；could have done表示过去本来可以做但未做。
I can't promise anything, but I'll do what I can.我别能许诺啥，但我会竭力而为。
(表示如今的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 虽然这场大火迅速蔓延到了那个宾馆，然而每个人都逃了出去。
(表示过去有能力做同时成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来能够解出这道题，但我太紧张了。
(表示本来有能力做但未做)2．表示猜测(也许性)也许性可分为客观的也许性和具体情况实际发生的也许性两种。
(1)客观的也许性并别表示具体某事是否会发生，而用来讲明人或事物的特征。
情态动词can 可用于确信句中表示客观的(或理论的)也许性，而表示具体情况实际发生的也许性时， can 普通别用于确信句。
Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在如此的多雨天气里也许会发生事故。
(表示客观的也许性)We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet.今晚我们也许去看电影，但还没确定。
高考英语二轮复习情态动词和虚拟语气考点讲解含解析
情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示“一般能力”；be able to有多种时态,且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”.如：My grandma is over seventy,but she can still read without glasses.They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2．表示允许可用can或could,与may/might意义接近.could可用于现在时,只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用could.—Could I have the television on?—Yes,you can./No,you can't.二、may与might1．表示允许,意为“可以,许可”,用法基本上同can与could.如：May I use your bicycle?2．表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”.如：According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3．may可以放在句首,表示祝愿.如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要,强调外界压力,不得已而为之.如：He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作.(主观上要做这件事)My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了,我只得半夜里把医生请来.(客观上需要做这件事)2．表示“不必”,须用don't have to或needn't.must的否定式表示“禁止,绝对不可”.如：You don't have to tell him about it.你不必告诉他那件事.You mustn't tell him about it.你绝不能告诉他那件事.—Must we do it now?我们必须现在做吗？—No, you needn't.不,你们不必.四、shall1．用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,用来征求对方的意见或请求指示.如：What shall he do next?他下一步干什么呢？2．用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令、警告、允诺、威胁、强制”等意思.如：He shall stay in bed.他必须躺在床上.You shall have it back next week.下周一定还你.He says he won't go, but I say he shall.他说他不去,但我说他必须去.五、will与would1．will用于各种人称,表示“意志、意愿”或“决心”等.如：If you will keep your watch half an hour slow, it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments.如果你想要让你的表慢半个小时,你约会时迟到就不足为怪了.2．will表示习惯性的动作,有“总是,惯于”的含义.如：An Englishman will usually show you the way in the street.英国人通常是会在街上给你指路的.3．would可表示过去反复发生的动作.如：On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing.星期天他总是早起去钓鱼.六、should与ought to1．should表示“建议”或“劝告”,有“应该”之意.如：You should learn from each other.2．ought to表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事.如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.3．should和ought to也可用来表示推测,意为“想必会……”.如：—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They should be ready by 1200.七、情态动词表示推测1．can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性,意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测,意为“可能”,有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测,can't意为“不可能”,语气很强烈.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和,但有时候也会相当冷.Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the meeting?布什先生做什么事情都很准时,他怎么可能开会迟到呢？—Let's visit Tom together, Stephen.—There's no need to do so. He can't be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.——Stephen,咱们一起拜访汤姆吧.——没必要这样做.他一定不在家,因为今天早晨我看见他登上了飞往北京的航班.2．may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测,意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测,may not意为“可能不”,表示一种不太确定的语气.The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?这些天交通很繁忙,我可能会来晚一点,请你帮我保留个位置好吗？3．must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could).—It's the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here.—Oh, sorry.——这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西.——噢,对不起.4．should用来表示推测时意为“应该”,即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思.There shouldn't be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lotin the driving school.因为你在驾校训练了这么多,通过路考应该没什么困难.八、“情态动词＋have done”结构1．should/ought to＋have done,表示“过去本应该做而(实际)没有做的事情”,含有责备或遗憾的语气,意为“本应该……”.其否定形式为“should not/ought not to have＋done”,表示某种行为本不该发生但实际上发生了.I shouldn't have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.我本不应该看那部电影——它会令我做噩梦.You ought to have come to the party yesterday, but why didn't you come?昨天你本来应该参加聚会的,可是你为什么不来？2．must＋have done,用于肯定句,表示“过去一定做过某事”,表示一种很有把握的推测.注意,对过去发生的情况的否定推测常用“can't/couldn't＋have done”表示.—Ye Shiwen won two gold medals in London Olympic Games.—She must have gone through tough training.——叶诗文在伦敦奥运会获得了两枚金牌.——她肯定受到严格的训练.—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.—Well. He can't have gone far—his coat's still here.——你知道大卫在哪里吗？我到处找不到他.——大卫的上衣还在这里,因此他肯定没走远.3．needn't＋have done,表示“过去没有必要做某事,但实际上做了某事”.Mark needn't have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.马克本没必要那么匆忙.他以最快速度开车,结果早到了半个小时.4．may/might＋have done,表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性的推测,表示“可能已做了某事……”,否定句表示“可能还没有……”.Sorry, I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.对不起,我迟到了.我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了.5．could＋have done表示“过去本来可以做某事,但实际上没有做”；can/could＋have done表示“过去可能做了某件事”.I could have saved the poor rabbit, but I didn't have the right drugs with me at that moment.我本来可以拯救那只可怜的兔子的,可是我当时没有合适的药品.第二部分、虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的用法1.在具体运用中,条件从句中有时可省略if而采用倒装结构.如：Had it not been for your help, we wouldn't have achieved so much.2．介词without/but for、连词but、副词otherwise常用来表示某种假设条件.如：I wouldn't have made such rapid progress without your help.3．有时候从句动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时谓语动词的形式要根据各自的时间来调整.如：If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.二、“should＋动词原形”表示的虚拟语气这一类型常见词有“一坚持(insist)、二命令(order, command)、三建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四要求(request, require, demand, desire)”.以上词及其派生名词所接的名词性从句都使用“(should ＋)动词原形”的虚拟语气.①Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill, and her mother suggested that she(should) havea medical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她病了,她母亲建议她去检查身体.②She insisted that the man had stolen her car and that he(should) be sent to prison.她坚持说那个男人偷了她的车,并坚决要求他坐牢.三、特殊句式中的虚拟语气If only/It's (high) time (that)．..wish/would rather/as if等固定句式要求用相应的虚拟语气表达形式.①I wish I could fly.真希望我能飞.②I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来.③If only I had taken your advice!要是听从了你的建议该多好啊！高频考点一、考查情态动词例1．（2018·北京卷）In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词.句意：在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题.数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can.C选项正确.其余情态动词均没有该用法.need需要；should应该,竟然；must必须,肯定.【变式探究】—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I reall y _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C【解析】句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了,我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能,可以,也许；B. can能,会；C. must必须,必然要,必定会；D. dare敢,胆敢.结合句意,故选C.【变式探究】________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析.Can能够,可能；must必须,一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的.根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许.如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确.高频考点二、考查情态动词的用法例2. （2018·天津卷） I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测.句意：我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定.根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”.故选D.【变式探究】（2017•天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A. daren’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫.A.不敢；B.不应该；C不需要；D.不许.根据句意,故选C.【变式探究】Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你.根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式.【变式探究】I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. couldn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心,因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好.needn’t have done本没有必要做某事,表示实际上已经做了某事.根据句意可知选C.高频考点三、考查虚拟语气例3．(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.A．accomplished B．had accomplishedC．would accomplish D．would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：工人们没有被组织好,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的.此处otherwise表达了一种含蓄虚拟；otherwise前的内容所述的是过去的事实,相当于if引导的条件状语从句“If the workers had been better organized”,因此后半部分应用“主语＋would have done sth.”的结构.故选D.【举一反三】【2018·江苏】It’s strange that he _______have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书.在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略.故选B.【变式探究】（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了.根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故A项是正确的.【变式探究】________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降.这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式.根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示过去的虚拟语气,所以用had.【变式探究】Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t w riteD. wouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验,海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历,可知表示对于过去的否定猜测,故主句用would have done,因此选D 项.1．(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.A．accomplished B．had accomplishedC．would accomplish D．would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：工人们没有被组织好,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的.此处otherwise表达了一种含蓄虚拟；otherwise前的内容所述的是过去的事实,相当于if引导的条件状语从句“If the workers had been better organized”,因此后半部分应用“主语＋would have done sth.”的结构.故选D.2．(2019·江苏卷)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.A．had B．will haveC．would have had D．had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：多么遗憾！你错过了这次游览.否则,我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时光.根据关键词or可知,这里表示与过去的事实相反,谓语动词应用would/could/should/might＋have done.1.【2018·江苏】 There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与.本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时.故选A.2.【2018·江苏】It’s strange that he _______have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书.在句型”It isimport ant/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略.故选B.3.（2018·天津卷） I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测.句意：我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定.根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”.故选D.4.（2018·北京卷）In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词.句意：在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题.数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can.C选项正确.其余情态动词均没有该用法.need需要；should应该,竟然；must必须,肯定.5.（2018·北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆.由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟.if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故D选项正确.1．（2017·北京）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. need【答案】C【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要.句意:Samuel,我班最高的男生,能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书,此处需要一个表示能力的词,故用can,答案为C.2．（2017•天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. daren’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫.A.不敢；B.不应该；C不需要；D.不许.根据句意,故选C.3．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.句意：要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的.4．(2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.5．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcomeher difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.句意：要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的.6．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了.根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故A项是正确的.1．(2016·浙江,15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降.这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式.根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示过去的虚拟语气,所以用had.2．(2016·浙江,17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.【答案】have gone【解析】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了.他的咖啡仍然是温的.can't have done是对过去的否定推测.3．(2016·北京,34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你.根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式.。
2022届高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气、特殊句式考点梳理
2022高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气、特殊句式考点梳理（素材）高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气、特殊句式考点梳理考点1 情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词1.情态动词的类型(1)只作情态动词的有：must,can (could),may (might),ought to(2)可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need,dare(3)可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：shall (should),will (would)(4)具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have (had) to,used to 2.情态动词的特征(1)有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,要和动词原形连用构成谓语。
(2)适用于主语的各种人称和数 (have to例外,主语是第三人称单数时,要用has to)。
We/He must work hard.我们/他一定要努力工作。
I have to walk home.我得步行回家。
He has to walk home.他得步行回家。
(3)后面接动词原形。
He may lose his way.他可能会迷路。
You ought to obey the law.你应该遵守法律。
(4)具有助动词的作用,即可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简略答语。
—I can't swim. Can you swim？—No, I can't, either.——我不会游泳,你会游泳吗？——我也不会。
3.情态动词的基本用法(1)can,could用法例句can表示现在一般的能力,could表示过去一般的能力,即不表示做与未做某事 Mary can speak three languages. 玛丽能说三门语言。
Tom could sing English songs at the age of 6.汤姆6岁就能唱英文歌了。
表示请求、允许。
在一般疑问句中,could可代替can,但比can语气更委婉,答语要用can —Can/Could you help me？—Yes, I can. ——你能帮我吗？——可以。
情态动词与虚拟语气的高频考点
万方数据
７
在的动作；ｎｅｅｄｎ’ｔ ｈａｖｅ ｄｏｎｅ表示“（过去做 了）本来不必做的事”；ｓｈｏｕｌｄｎ’ｔ ｈａｖｅ ｄｏｎｅ 表示责备，“不应该做某事（但实际做了）”。
ｉｓｎ’ｔ ｈｅ？
３．完成时： （１）Ｙｏｕ
ｄｉｄｎ’ｔ ｙｏｕ？ ｍｕｓｔ ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ａｖｅ ｓｔａｙｅｄ ｈｅＩ℃ｙｅｓｔｅｒｄａｙ， ｓｔａⅣｅｄ ｈｅｒｅ ｆｏｒ ３
【高考真题解析】 １．答案为Ａ。ｓｈａｌｌ用于第一、三人称的 疑问句，表示征求对方的意见和指示。 ２．答案为Ｄ。考查ｓｈａＵ用于第二、三人 称的陈述句，表示警告、允诺、命令、威胁等。 主语从句的主语ｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅｓ“报考者”、“应试 者”为第三人称，此题中ｓｈａＵ表示警告。 ３．答案为Ｄ。考查ｓｈａＵ用于第二、三人称 的陈述句，表示警告、允诺、命令、威胁等。主语 ｙｏｕ为第二人称，此题中ｓｈａｌｌ表示允诺。
ｎ ｍ１】ｓｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏ】ｅｎ
一Ｙｏｕ
ｐｌｎｇ・ Ａ．ｍａｙ
ｈａｖｅ １０ｓｔ ｉｔ ｗｈｉｌｅ ｓｈｏｐ－ Ｂ．ｃａｎ Ｄ．ｗｏｕｌｄ ｄｏｎ’ｔ ｒｅａｌｌｙ ｌｉｋｅ ｃｏｍｅ．Ｈｅ
Ｃ．ｓｈｏｕｌｄ
【高考真题解析】 答案为Ｂ。考查情态动词表示推测的用 法。表示推测只能用ｍｕｓｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏｌｅｎ或 ｍｉｇｈｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏｌｅｎ。ｍｕｓｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏｌｅｎ“必定做过 某事”．表示对过去事情的肯定推测，与题意 不符。ｍｉｇｈｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｔｏｌｅｎ“过去可能做过某 事”．语气比较婉转或不肯定。根据句意选Ｂ。 ¨．情态动词表示推测用法的时态 １．现在时：对现在的动作或状态的推测 （１）情态动词＋ｂｅ（表示状态） （２）情态动词＋秽．（原形）（表示客观事实） ２．进行时：情态动词＋ｂｅ ｄｏｉｎｇ表示对 现在正在进行的动作的推测 ３．完成时：情态动词＋ｈａｖｅ ｄｏｎｅ表示 对过去发生事情的推测 Ⅲ。情态动词表推测的反意疑问句 情态动词表示推测时，反意疑问句的时 态则要和陈述部分中情态动词后的动词的 时态保持一致。 １．现在时：Ｈｅ
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情态动词与虚拟语气常考考点一情态动词+have done情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horribledreams.A.Shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half anhour early.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t3.----Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.-----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A.mustB.mustn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t4.It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A.mayB.canC.mustD.should5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A.could expressB. would expressC.could have expressedD.must have expressed6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day.------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself.C.mustn’t shoutD.mustn’t have shouted7.-----Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.-------You it in the wrong place.A.must putB. should have putC.might putD.might have put8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have takenB.could have takenC.needn’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning.A.mayn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t10.-----How did you do on the driving test?---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous.A.would doB.could have doneC.mustn’t have doneD. should do11.you have broken your promise; You painting the house long ago.A. could have finishedB. had better finishC. must have finishedD.should have finished12.------ I didn’t go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down.---------- you mine. I wasn’t using it.A.should borrowB. could have borrowedC.could borrowD.must have borrowed13. My newly-purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. I have left it on the train?A.CouldB. ShouldC.MustD.Would14. You the meeting to tell me that .you could have come up to me afterwards.A.should have come toB.needn’t have interruptedC.ought to attendD.mustn’t go to15. -----What are you doing, dear?-------I’m watching the football game.-------What? You your homework first.A.would have doneB.must have doneC.should have doneD. may have done二．情态动词常考情况1.can 表客观存在的可能如：Accidents can happen on such rainy days.Driving on the highway can be dangerous2.shall 可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall.You shall leave the room at once.It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him he shall have it tomorrow.My father told me, “You shall have a computer on your 18th birthday.”3.May well 与may as wellmay well + 动词原形，表示很可能He may well be proud of his son.Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.may as well+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”You may as well do it at once.We may as well stay where we are.4.must 表示偏要，硬要Must you make so much noise?If you must smoke, please go out.情态动词基本用法练习1.It is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it be rather cold sometimesA. mustB.canC.shouldD.would2.Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shallB.shouldC.canD.must3.Don’t let your head out of a moving bus, which lead to a terrible disaster.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.will4. -----Can I pay the bill by check?--------Sorry,sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash.cation5.----- What does the sign over there read?-------- “No person smoke or carry a cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A.WillB. mayC. shallD. must6.------I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.-------Don’t worry, you have it by Friday.A.CouldB.shallC.mustD.may7. Being examed twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule thatevery driver obey in this city.A.shallB.canC.ought toD.need8.-----Mum, would you please buy me an MP5 player?----If you can help do some housework the whole vacation, you have one as a reward.A.mustB. needC.would D . shall9. It is a set rule that all payment be made by the end of the month.A.willB. shallC. canD. may10.Lisa well not want to go on the trip. She hates travelling.A.willB. canC.mustD.may11. ------The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.-------I think you as well consult an experienced worker.A.mayB.canC.needD.must12. If you talk about it with me, please wait till I finish my work at hand.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should13. Nick, stop screaming like crasy! Why you watch that stupid footballmatch at one in the morning?A. shallB. wouldC. shouldD. must14. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will15.-----May I smoke here?-------If you , choose a seat in the smoking section.A.ShouldB. couldC.mayD.must16. -------Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?-------I wanted to, but my mum simply not let me out so late at night.A.couldB.mightC. wouldD. should17. ------Are you going to the lecture tomorrow afternoon?-------I’m not sure now. I go to Professor Black’s class instead.A.mightB. wouldC. shouldD. must18. ----- I book a table for dinner a few dsays ahead of time?------- Yes, you . The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays.A.Must; willB. Must; canC. shall; shallD. shall; must19. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady.A. mightB.needC. shouldD. would20. My MP4 isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?A. canB. mustC.shouldD. would三. 虚拟语气主从句时态练习1------John went to the hospital alone.-------If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A.should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told2.------The weather has been very hot and dry.-------Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A.wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’t have died3.If we the other road, might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved5. If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.A.followedB. should followC. had followedD. would follow6. be fired, your health care and other benefits wouldn’t be immediately cut off.A would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be7. If English included in the examinations, few students would choose it.A. weren’tB. isn’tC. hasn’t beenD. hadn’t been8. ----Mike , It’s a pity you didn’t come to last night’s concert. It was really great!-------Really? If I so busy, I would have gone with you.A.hadn’t beenB. weren’tC. shouldn’t beD. wouldn’t be9. it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put offuntil the same time next week.A.Should ; /B. If ; shouldC. Were; /D. If; were going10. for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not把下列句子变成省略if 的形式1.If he had told me about it, I would have gone with him.2.If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better.3.If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here in time.4.If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go hiking.5.If he were a bird, he would fly in the sky happily四. 介词短语中的虚拟语气用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:,without, but foreg:Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.练习1.T hank you for all your hard work last week, I don’t think weIt without you.A.can manageB.could have managedC.could manageD.can have managed2.But for our help ,we the program in time.A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished3.But for the help of my Eglish teacher, I the first prize in the English writing competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonC.would winD.would have won4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A.In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD.As for5.Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technologyA. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD.had not been achieved四.错综时间条件句, 动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整eg: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.1.If you had caught the early bus, you late now.A.Wouldn’t beB. won’t bec.wouldn’t have been D. aren’t2. If you had found a good job then, you trouble buying the house now.A. won’t haveB. wouldn’t haveC. wouldn’t hadD. didn’t have3. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying4. “ If you to my party yesterday, you the reason why Iam wearing the clothes now.” Helen said to me.A.came; had knownB.had come ; would knowC. had come; would have knownD. came; would know五. 含蓄条件句例如I would have come, but I was ill that day.I was ill that day, or I would have come.练习1.I you more help, but I was too busy.A.should have givenB. gaveC.will giveD. should give2. I went on business that day. Otherwise, I you solve the problem.A. would helpB. helpedC. would have helpedD. was helping3. I didn’t know you were ill, or I to the hospital to see you.A. would goB. would have goneC. have goneD. went4. I sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for you.A.had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come5.I had to look after my mother in the hospital.Otherwise,I part in your birthday party.A. would takeB. did takeC. had takenD. would have taken六.表示建议,要求,命令等词(如suggest,propose,advice,require,request,demand, recommend, order,command,insist)后的从句中,虚拟语气结构为should+ 动词原形,should可以省略.当suggest 表示“表明”, insist 表示“坚持说过去发生过某事”时不属于这种用法.eg: He suggested that we (should ) start off early the next day.It’s suggestesd that the meeting (should ) be put off till next week.We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) go to DaLian for sightseeing.My suggestion is that we (should ) put off the meeting.练习1.Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustn’t allowD. couldn’t allow2. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD. shouldn’t3.The boss required that the plans before April.A. turn in B turned in C. be turned in D. turning in4.The general ordered that the soldiers toward the mountain.A. marchedB. be marchedC. marchD.marching5.He had a proposal that the meetingA.put offB. be put offC. putting offD. would be put off七.as if, as though,would rather, if only,wish 后面常接虚拟语气. It’s necessary/important/strange/natural/essential后面从句动词常用(should)+do. It’s (high) time that sb. Did sth./sb.should do sth.eg: He looks as if he were an artist.I would rather I were a bird.If only I were a bird.I wish I were a bird.It’s (high time) that you went to school.It’s (high) time that we should start out.1.Gorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather hemore on its culture.A.FocusB.focusedC.will focusD. had focused2.------Where are the children? The dinner is going to be completely ruined.-------I wish they always late.A.Weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD.wouldn’t have been3.It’s strange that they nothing about this matter.A.should knowB.would knowC.had knownD.knew4.How I wish I to my parent’s advice.A.listeningB. listenC. am listeningD. had listened5.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB. would followC.had followedD. followed6. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.A. wereB.had beenC. isD. has been7. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been。