定语从句 1
定语从句(1)
定语从句一．定语从句的定义：所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子来做定语来修饰一个名词，其中被修饰的名词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句之间（或者说引导定语从句）的词语叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
其中常见的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,but,than;常见的关系副词有：why,when,where.（注意：what，how，whether，if和特殊疑问词+ever不能引导定语从句）。
二．如何选择定语从句的连接词：首先明确先行词是什么，然后找到后面的从句，把从句单独拿出来分析，看一看先行词在句子中做什么成分，根据语法选择连接词。
Eg:He tried to escape from the prison that/which was builtin the Middle Age .分析：1.找先行词：prison 2.把prison放入从句中可以看到prison在从句中是做主语，即the prison was built in the Middle Age .而在定语从句中能充当主语的连接词一般情况下是that和which，于是就能选出连接词了。
三．连接词的用法：1.that：可以修饰人和物，在从句中作主语或宾语,表语，做宾语的时候一般情况下可以省略。
Eg: She is a girl who/that has long hair.(在从句中做主语) Is this the news (that)/which you wanted to tell me yesterday?(在从句中做宾语，可以省略that)He is no longer a kind-hearted man that he used to be(在从句中做表语)注意：1）that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：His father died in the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
高一英语必修一定语从句1
定语从句一、基本概念1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。
换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用 a , an 。
3．关系代词 / 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。
若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。
4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。
但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。
5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类：关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as关系副词：when, where, why二、基本用法1．关系代词的基本用法（见下表）：2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题：a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。
1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。
told him all (that) I know.gave her everything (that) he had.2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。
have read all the books (that) you gave me.can take any book (that) you like.3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。
1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai.4.先行词既有人又有物时。
英语语法：定语从句(1)
主语；宾语 作宾语可省 主语；宾语 宾语 定语 作宾语可省 可省 不可省
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.
限制性定语从句的构成
The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works. 1.从句位置及语序 先行词 之后,用陈述式语序 “….的” 关系词
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/that
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词的用法
指 代 That Which Who Whom whose 人；物 物
人 人 人、物
所作成分 主语；宾语
是否可省略 作宾语可省
先行词 关系词 从句
which、that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替 先行词the building，同时担任从句中的主语， 也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句（无逗号）
定 语 从 The Non-Restrictive Attributive 句 Clause 非限制性定语从句（有逗号）
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
，定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry .他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the b ook whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一 P1】定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good .他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from . 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her . 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后 面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who 代替先行词 students 在从句中充当主语）There is still mu ch homework which we must finish.（which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who 和 whom1. who 和 whom 代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用 who 引导，作宾语时用 whom 引导。
高一英语语法——定语从句(1) 教案
一. 教学内容：语法——定语从句〔1〕什么是定语？定语是用来修饰名词或代词的，对其起修饰限制作用。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
英语中可以作定语的词包括形容词〔短语〕，介词短语，非谓语动词等。
→ a pretty girl→ a bottle full of water→the book on the table→the girl standing over there→the school built in 1970此外，句子也可以作定语，也就是定语从句。
→the girl who is standing over there.→the school that was built in 1970.引导词：关系代词和关系副词特点：①连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来。
②替代作用：在从句中替代它前面的先行词。
③成分作用：在从句中充当句子成分。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose→A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)→The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.〔指物，作宾语〕→Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. (指物，作表语)→Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.〔指人，作主语〕→The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. 〔指人，作宾语〕→They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. 〔指物，作主语〕→The fish (which) we bought were not fresh.〔指物，作宾语〕→The boy who broke the window is called Michael.〔指人，作主语〕→The person (whom/who) you talked to is my math teacher. 〔指人，作宾语〕→Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.〔指人，作主语〕→This is the house whose window broke last night. 〔指物，作主语〕英语中，定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
定语从句之关系代词(1)
定语从句I关系代词定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。
基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。
先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。
一、关系代词的用法1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
(作主语)Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
(作宾语)2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
(作宾语)3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
(作定语)4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which.The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
定语从句(1)关系词用法
总结关系代词的用法：
关系词
关系 代词
that which who
whom
whose
关系 副词
when where
why
所修饰的先行词 人/物 物/事 人 人 人/物
时间名词 地点名词 原因名词（the reason）
在从句中所作的成分 主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语 主语 宾语 定语
时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
定语从句
第1章 什么是定语？
什么是定语？
定语：简单来说就是一个形容词，它的作用就相 当于形容词的作用，用来修饰名词或者代词。
例如：delicious carrots
第2章 什么是定语从句？
什么是定语从句？
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
例句：Those are oranges that I bought for kids.
(3) 当先行词前被最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的书。 This is the last chance that you have. 这是你拥有的最后一个机会。
(4) 当先行词既含有表示人的名词，又含有表示物的名词时。 They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country. 他们谈到了在那个国家见到的人和事。
先行词 关系词
第4章
关系代词
关系代词：that的用法
翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：She is the girl that helped us yesterday. The picture that we are studying is drawn by a girl.
高一英语定语从句1(1)
3.This is the girl _f_r_o_m__ _w_h_o_m___I learned the news.
4.The person___t_o__ _w_h_o_m_ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
This the book whose cover is red.
=This the book the cover of which is red.
注：先行词为人，介词前置时：介词＋whom
1.This is the reason __f_o_r__ _w_h_i_c_h_he left his hometown. (=why)
定语从句he book that / which you
want.
先行词 关系代词
我已经找到你想要的那本书了。
从句的位置：在它要修饰的名词或代词后
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词 关系词：引导定语从句的词，在从句中
代替先行词，并担任一个成分
关系代词that, who, whom, whose,which 关系副词when, where, why, how
表语
她不再是童年时候的那个小女孩了。
作用&关系代词
例句
作主语: We visited the factory which \that
人：who/that makes toys for children.
物：which/that Most managers who \that are present at the meeting agreed to the
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1. I will never forget the evening when ( in which )
they left.
2. Is this the hotel where ( at which) you are
staying?
3. Do you know the reason why ( for which ) we
should drink some water every day
4. we admired him for the way how ( in which\ that )
he faces difficulties.
（在现代英语中 how 较少用）
work.
作状语
1. I will never forget the evening when they left. 2. Is this the hotel where you are staying? 3. Do you know the reason why we should drink some
2. The river that/which flows through Suzhou is the
Grand Canal.
3. A book that/which is shut is only a block.
4. I’ve said nothing that might offend her.
water every day
4. we admired him for the way how he faces
difficulties.
when = at, on, in, during which
where = at, in which
why = for which
how = in which
关系副词：when / where / why 选择关系代词或关系副词的依据：弄清关系词在从句中所做 成分 a) 作状语的应用关系副词； b) 作主语、宾语或定语的可选用关系代词。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
作主语
1. The engineer who/that is doing the test is from
Shanghai.
基本概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于一个形容词，因此也叫形容词
性从句。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 它与定语从句的位置关系为：先行词 + 定语从句。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种：
关系代词：who / whom / whose / that / which / as
me?
作定语
1. I will talk to those whose homework hasn’t been
handed in.
2. I saw some trees whose leaves were black with
diseases.
3. He is the patient whose right hand was cut off at
作宾语
1. The teacher whom/who/that you want to see is
coming.
2. The air that/which we breathe is a mixture of
different gases.
3. This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 4. Is this your second question that you want to ask