托福阅读推断题

1, How did this tremendous development take place, and why did it happen in the Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are Teotihuacán’s geographic location on a natural trade route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the obsidian resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and the valley’s potential for extensive irrigation灌溉冲洗. The exact role of other factors is much more difficult to pinpoint―for instance, Teotihuacán’s religious significance as a shrine圣地, the historical situation in and around the Valley of Mexico toward the end of the first millennium B.C., the ingenuit y and foresightedness of Teotihuacán’s elite, and, finally, the impact of natural disasters, such as the volcanic eruptions 火山喷发of the late first millennium B.C.如此惊人的发展是如何产生的，它为什么发生在Teotihuacán山谷？主要因素有：Teotihuacán地理位置处于到墨西哥谷东南部的天然商路上；Teotihuacán谷本身的黑曜石资源；山谷的大量灌溉的潜力。

要想说清楚其他因素所扮演的角色就难的多了——比如，Teotihuacán作为圣地的宗教意义；墨西哥谷及周边直到公元前第一个千年的历史情况；Teotihuacán精英阶层的3远见；最后还有自然灾害的影响，诸如公元前一千年的火山喷发。

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraphs 2 and 3 about the Volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.?以volcanic eruptions of the late firsr millennium B.C.○They were more frequent than historians once thought.○They may have done more damage to Teotihuacán than to neighboring centers.○They may have played a major role in the rise of Teotihuacán.○They incr eased the need for extensive irrigation in the Teotihuacán Valley做关键词定位至第二段最后一句，这个是诸多factor当中的一个，而这些factor 都是促进T城发展的，所以答案是C。

也可以排除法，A无相关信息；第三段第三句说火山对T影响很大，没跟其他的比较，B错；第二段第二句说到了irrigation，但与问题无关，错This last factor is at least circumstantially implicated in T eotihuacán’s rise. Prior to 200 B.C., a number of relatively small centers coexisted in and near the Valley of Mexico. Around this time, the largest of these centers, Cuicuilco, was seriously affected by a volcanic eruption, with much of its agricultural land covered by lava. With Cuicuilco eliminated as a potential rival, any one of a number of relatively modest towns might have emerged as a leading economic and political power in Central Mexico. The archaeological evidence clearly indicates, though, that Teotiluacan was the center that did arise as the predominant force in the area by the first century A.D. 最后一个因素至少从环境上与Teotihuacán古城的崛起有牵连。

在公元前200年之前，有很多相对的小的中心共存于墨西哥谷及附近。

大约在此时，这些中心中的最大者，Cuicuilco，受到了一次火山喷发的严重影响，它的大部分耕地被火山熔岩所覆盖。

伴随着Cuicuilco作为一个潜在对手的消失，任何一个相对较小的城镇都有可能在中央墨西哥形成领导性的经济政治力量。

尽管考古学证据清晰地表明Teotiluacan确实在公元1世纪成长为这一地区的主要力量。

【TPO-8 (1) 6# 7#】What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about Cuicuilco prior to 200 B.C.?○It was a fairly small city until that date.○It was located outside the Valley of Mexic o.○It emerged rapidly as an economical and political center.○Its economy relied heavily on agriculture.以Cuicuilco做关键词定位至第三段第二句，说Cui这个地方受火山活动影响，农田被lava覆盖，接着一句就说Cui消除了，所以没有农田就没有Cui，答案是D。

A与原文说反，应该是大的，不是小的；B的outside和原文中的in说反，错；C中的rapidly没说，错2, Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks. A few of these spores found a toehold on the dark, forbidding rocks and grew and began to work their transformation upon the land. Lichens were probably the first successful flora. These are not single individual plants; each one is a symbiotic combination of an alga and a fungus. The algae capture the Sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules. The fungi absorb moisture and mineral salts from the rocks, passing these on in waste products that nourish algae. It is significant that the earliest living things that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very important in island communities.【TPO-9 (3) 2#】It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that the fungi真菌in lichens地衣类benefit from their symbiotic relationship共生关系with algae藻类in what way?○The algae help the fungi meet some of their energy needs.○The algae protect the fungi from the Sun's radiation.○The algae provide the fungi with greater space for absorbing water.○The fungi produce less waste in the presence of algae.以lichen, fungus和algae做关键词定位至第三句以后，说algae捕获太阳能并储存，而fungi 从土壤中吸收矿物质，滋养algae。

问的是fungi如何受益，所以前半句是答案，A正确。

B 虽然提到sun，但不是保护，注意不要错选；C和D都没说3, Just as painted designs on Greek pots may seem today to be purely decorative, whereas然而in fact they were carefully and precisely worked out so that at the time, their meaning was clear, so it is with Chinese pots. To twentieth-century eyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the Chinese the form of each object and its adornment装饰品had meaning and significance. The dragon represented the emperor, and the phoenix, the empress女皇; the pomegranate石榴indicated fertility,生育，多产and a pair of fish, happiness; mandarin ducks 鸳鸯stood for wedded bliss天赐良缘; the pine tree松树, peach, and crane 鹤are emblems 象征of long life; and fish leaping from waves indicated success in the civil service examinations公务员考试. Only when European decorative themes were introduced did these meanings become obscured or even lost. 【TPO-10 (1) 11#】Paragraph 5 suggests which of the following about the decorations on Chinese pottery陶器?○ They had more importance for aristocrats贵族than for ordinary citizens.○ Their si gnificance may have remained clear had the Chinese not come under foreign influence.○ They contain some of the same images that appear on Greek pots罐子○ Their significance is now as clear to twentieth century observers as it was to the early Chinese.问题中关键词不明显，排除法。