英语语法——动词

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小学英语语法-动词

小学英语语法-动词

小学英语语法-动词动词的定义动词是指表示动作、状态、发生的词类。

它是英语句子的核心部分,可以用来表达人或事物所做的事情或所处的状态。

动词的分类动词可以分为以下几类:1. 行为动词:表示人或事物所做的动作,如run(跑)、sing (唱)等。

2. 非行为动词:表示人或事物的状态或存在,如be(是)、have(有)等。

3. 情态动词:表示说话人的情感、意愿、能力等,如can (能)、must(必须)等。

动词的时态动词的时态可以分为以下几种:1. 现在时:表示目前正在进行的动作或常规的动作,如play (玩)、eat(吃)等。

2. 过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态,如ran(跑过)、ate (吃过)等。

3. 将来时:表示将来将要发生的动作或状态,如will play(将要玩)、will eat(将要吃)等。

动词的变化形式动词在不同的时态中会有不同的变化形式,如:1. 现在时的第三人称单数形式:在现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数(he、she、it)时,动词要加上-s或-es。

例如:She plays football(她踢足球)。

2. 过去式的变化形式:在过去时中,一般情况下,动词要加上-ed或-d。

例如:They played together yesterday(昨天他们一起玩)。

3. 现在分词和过去分词的形式:现在分词一般以-ing结尾,过去分词一般以-ed结尾。

例如:He is swimming in the pool(他正在游泳)。

以上是关于小学英语动词的基本知识,希望能对您有所帮助。

参考资料:。

英语语法—动词的分类和基本形式 PPT

英语语法—动词的分类和基本形式 PPT
考点13 延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法。 ①延续性动词表示可延续的动作和状态,能与时间段连用。 • The greens have lived here since ten years ago.
taste (尝起来),feel(觉得),touch (摸起来)等。 • Her voice sounds beautiful. 她的声音听起来很动人。 • This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来(手感)很软。
考点3 变化类系动词的用法。 ★变化类系动词有become, turn, get, grow等。 • His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。 • The man grew rich within a short time. 那个人在很短的时间内就变富了。
那个婴儿上个月还不会说话,但现在会了。(本句中could表示过去 的能力,can表示现在的能力。) • You will be able to know the result of the exam very soon. 你很快就能知道那次考试的成绩了。
考点8 情态动词 have to 和 must 的辨析。 ★二者都意为“必须”,have to 表示客观条件的需要,有人称、数及时
考点9 情态动词 must, can,和 may 表示推测的用法。 ⒈ must表示肯定性的推测,意为 “一定,肯定” 表示可能性很大,通
常用于肯定句。 • It’s already ten o‘clock. My mother must be angry.
已经十点了,妈妈一定生气了。 ⒉ can 和 may 表示可能性的推测,can常常用于疑问句和否定句中,而
他也不知道答案。(构成否定句) • Did you go to the museum yesterday?

初中英语语法-动词

初中英语语法-动词

初中英语语法动词动词概述及分类•动词是表示动作或状态的词。

•句子中的谓语成分是由动词充当的,谓语通常是句中不可缺少的成分,因此动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。

•动词可以通过本身的变化来表示动作发生的时间以及说话人的语气、态度等。

(即动词有时态、语态之分)动词种类•行为动词(vt./vi.)•表示动作或状态。

•有完整的词义。

•能独立作谓语。

•按其带不带宾语,可分为•及物动词(带宾语),和•不及物动词(不带宾语)•例句:•He often help s me. (vt)•I can see a bird in the tree. (vt)•Planes can fly. (vi )•情态动词(mod v.)•本身有一定词义,但不完整。

•不能独立作谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的态度。

•can; may; must; need; dare; will;would; shall, should…•例句:•She can speak a little English.•May I come in?•We must go now.动词种类•连系动词(link v.)•本身有词义。

•但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语(名词性合成谓语)•be (是), look (看起来),seem (似乎),get (变得), become (变成,成为) …•例句:•He is an English teacher.•They look the same.•系表结构做谓语•助动词(v. aux.)•本身无词义。

•不能独立作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。

•可用来表示否定,疑问、时态、语态、语气等。

•be; have; do; will; shall•例句:•He doesn't speak English.•We are playing basketball•Do you have a brother?注意几点:•行为动词情态动词系动词助动词•行为动词又可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种。

英语语法——动词

英语语法——动词

动词1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。

2)根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。

说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如:We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。

(having是实义动词。

)He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。

(has是助动词。

)3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。

说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。

例如:She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。

(sing在此用作不及物动词。

)She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。

(sing用作及物动词。

)4)根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如:She sings very well.她唱得很好。

(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。

)She wants to learn English well.她想学好英语。

(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。

说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。

5)根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(Verbal Phrase)例如:The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。

英语语法之 动词的分类

英语语法之 动词的分类

英语语法之动词的分类一.be动词am、is、are、was、were、been、being二.助动词do、does、did will、shall、would have、has、had 三.情态动词can、may、must、should + 动词原形考点一:对情态动词的肯定否定回答Can/May l ... ? can’t/mustn’tMust/Need I ... ? must/needn’t考点二:表推断must be、may be、might be、can’t be四.实义动词(1)系动词+a. 构成系表结构①感官动词:look、feel、smell、taste、sound、seen②表变化:turn、grow、get、go、become③固定搭配:fall asleep、feel sleepy、get ready、get married注意:1.无被动 2.不延续(2)及物动词与不及物动词1.定义:后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词;本身意义完整,后面不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。

2.及物动词可直接加宾语、双宾及复合宾语复合宾语:sb./sth.+a./动词原形作宾补动词原形包括let make have sb. do双宾:... sb. sth./sth. for/to sb.b uy/getprovide/supply ... sb. sth./sth. for sb. makecookasktellforceadvice sb. dopromisewishsee sb. doing/ do sth.hear sb. doing/ do sth.watch sb. doing/ do sth.notice sb. doing/ do sth.注意:变被动要加to。

keep/makefind/feel/thinkwish。

专升本语法——动词

专升本语法——动词
专升本英语语法四
动词
动词
动词概述
动词的基本 形式
动词的分类
动词的时态 语态
动词的语气
1. 动词概述
动词(Verbs)是最复杂的一种词类。 既可表示动作,又可表示状态; 有人称和数的变化,而且必须与主语的人
称和数保持一致; 它还有一些特有的语法特征,如时态,语
态和语气。 动词可分为四类:实义动词/ 助动词/ 系动词/
现在分词的构成
情况
例词
一般在动词原形后直接加-ing go-going, study-studying
以不发音的-e结尾的词,去-e加 live-living, move-moving -ing
以-ie结尾的词,变-ie为-y,再 die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying 加-ing
词变-y为-i,再加-es
try-tries
过去式和过去分词的构成
情况
例词
一般在动词原形后加-ed
work-worked, play-played
以-e结尾的词后加-d
like-liked, change-changed
以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的词变-y cry-cried, copy-copied,
2.接复合宾语的及物动词
有些及物动词可以接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)。 常见的这类动词有:ask, call, believe, consider, choose, elect,
hear, have, imagine, think, get, find, feel, keep, leave, make, name, prove, push, order, teach, tell, wish等。 e.g. He kept us alive.他使我们活了下来。

初中英语语法——动词(共33张)ppt课件

初中英语语法——动词(共33张)ppt课件

2.情态动词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。意思是"应当,必须",侧重于说话者的主观看法,没有时态变化,其否定式 是mustn't,在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中,须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。 如:Must I go?(我一定要走吗?) No, you needn't.(不,不必。)
谢谢
初中英语语法——动词(共 33张)ppt课件
演讲人
动词是表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词。
1.系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外,还 有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它们不能单独 作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候,可要小心为是 呀!如:It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词,不是副词。
4.感官动词:see, watch, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel 等 +do 表示动作的完整性,真实性 +doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性。如:I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看 见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里 干活。
need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。作 实义动词时,need后跟名词,动名词,或不定式。如:I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。如:You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙,明天就不必来了。)

英语语法之动词

英语语法之动词

英语语法之动词动词是英语语法中最关键的部分之一,它是描述动作或状态的核心词汇。

在本文中,我们将深入探讨动词的各个方面,包括它的定义、分类、时态、语态和一些常见的用法等。

动词的定义动词是指一种能够指示动作、状态、存在或事物的词汇。

它通常出现在句子的谓语部分,用于描述主语的动作、状态或情况。

例如:•He runs every morning.•She is studying for her exams.•The sun rises in the east.在这些例子中,runs、is studying和rises都是动词,它们分别描述了主语的动作或状态。

动词的分类动词可以分为许多不同的类别,包括实义动词、助动词、系动词等。

实义动词实义动词指向具体的动作或状态,可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。

•及物动词(Transitive Verb):需要跟宾语一起使用才能完整表达动作的动词。

例如:He likes ice cream.(他喜欢吃冰淇淋。

)其中,“likes”需要配以“ice cream”作宾语才能描述完整的动作。

•不及物动词(Intransitive Verb):不需要跟宾语就能够描述完整动作的动词。

例如:The cat sleeps. (猫睡觉。

)动词“sleeps”表达了完整的动作,不需要额外的宾语来做补充。

助动词助动词是用来描述情态、时态或语态的辅助动词,常见的助动词有be, do, have, can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would等。

例如:I will go to the beach tomorrow. (明天我将去海滩。

)其中的“will”是助动词,表达了未来的时态。

系动词系动词指描述主语状态、特征或属性的一类动词。

常用的系动词有be, seem, appear, become, feel, look, smell, sound等。

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Verbs: Lesson #1
Some definitions to consider
Definition #1:
• A verb is an action word. It shows the action in the sentence.
Source: Sr. Mary Agatha, St. Gabriel’s Catholic School, 1968.
Some definitions stress structure and function. These definitions provide ways to test words to see if they are verbs. They require evidence to prove that words are verbs. These tests can be challenging to learn, but produce consistently reliable results.
Inflection and Verb Form
Inflections
• One property of verbs is that they inflect. Inflection means they change form. So let’s start by looking at what we mean by the “formsguage Note:
• Most dictionaries, including online ones, will mark exceptions to form rules. • Whenever a verb form is slightly different than the general pattern (in other words there is an exception to the form rule), the verb or the form is called irregular.
Source: Lynn Gordon: Engl 255 Textbook
Differences in Definitions
Some definitions stress meaning. These definitions often leave people confused. What are the actions in these sentences? His reaction is wonderful. Her understanding seemed clear.
For example, we can test the words in this sentence to see if they can be changed into the past tense. His reaction is wonderful. • His (hised?) • Reaction (reactioned?) • Is (was) • Wonderfuled? Test result: “Is” must be the verb in this sentence.
The -ing participle form
• This form is produced by adding -ing to the base. Again, there are sometimes spelling changes in the base (usually dropped final “e” or doubling of the final consonant). EXAMPLES: do > doing; have > having; go>going; be> being; write>writing; cut> cutting.
Finding the Base Form
• If you aren’t around a dictionary, you can always figure out the base form by filling in a verb in sentences like ONE of these: EXAMPLE:
The past tense form
• This is the form used to create the past tense of the verb. In English many, but not all, verbs are formed by adding “d” or “ed” to the base form. There are numerous exceptions. And some verbs have two past tense forms! EXAMPLES: walk> walked; go> went; have> had; see> saw; cut> cut; reject> rejected.
Source:
Definition #4
• A definition which works is one based on structure and function rather than meaning. Some structural and functional properties of verbs are: If tense is marked anywhere in the clause it is marked on a verb, the first verb in the verb phrase. If aspect is marked anywhere in the clause, it is marked on (and with) a verb. In the present tense in a finite clause, the first verb in the verb phrase marks agreement with the subject in person and in number.
Source: The Brief Thomson Handbook (sec. 30c)
Definition #3
• A verb is a word that characteristically is the grammatical center of a predicate and expresses an act, occurrence, or mode of being, that in various languages is inflected for agreement with the subject, for tense, for voice, for mood, or for aspect, and that typically has rather full descriptive meaning and characterizing quality but is sometimes nearly devoid of these especially when used as an auxiliary or linking verb.
Definition #2
• A verb is the central unit of any sentence of clause, and all the other words in a sentence take grammatical form based on how they relate to it. A verb can express action (run, live, change), or states of being (is, are) or occurrences (happen, become). Sentences can have more than one verb. A clause is a sub-unit of a sentence that has one verb.
The infinitive form
• The infinitive form of the verb is formed is formed by adding “to” in front of the base form. The infinitive form is not an inflected form of the verb, since no change happens to the actual form of the verb. EXAMPLES: to have; to be; to do; to imply; to run
1.
2. 3.
Definition #4: continued
4. Verbs occur in two main subclasses: auxiliary and lexical (main) verbs. The order of these auxiliaries and the main verb is fixed. 5. Only verbs can be operators. An operator precedes the subject in a yes-no question and immediately precedes the negative “not” and can contract with the negative “not.”
More on the past tense form
To figure out the past tense form of a verb, inflect the base form in a sentence with a past tense adverb:
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