人教课标版高中英语选修8 精品备课：Unit1_Reading_知识点解析

精品备课：Unit1 Reading 知识点解析1．live on 继续存在，继续生存The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. (教材P1)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了多年。

live on以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live through经历过；经历……而未死live by doing 靠做某事物为生live a．.. life 过着……的生活live up to遵从；履行；不辜负live with容忍；忍受Most of Asians live on rice.多数亚洲人以大米为主食。

She has lived through several terrible accidents.她曾经历过几次可怕的意外事故。

【对接高考】(2010·湖北高考)Had she ________ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.A．looked up to B．lived up toC．kept up with D．come up with【解析】句意：如果她履行了诺言，她就已经上耶鲁大学了。

根据句意live up to one's promise(履行诺言)符合题意，因此选择B项。

look up to 仰望，尊重；keep up with 赶上，与……保持同步；come up with 想到，提出(主意、观点等)，这三项均不合句意。

【答案】 B用上面短语的适当形式填空①Mozart is dead but his music ________.②My grandfather ________ both world wars.③We should work hard and try to ________ our parents' expectations.④The brave girl is learning to ________ her disability.【答案】①lives on②lived through③live up to④live with2．However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(教材P2)然而，很可能至少在15000年前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。

本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。

句中的likely为形容词，意为“可能的”，常用于It is likely that...“有可能……”或sb.be likely to do sth.“某人有可能做某事”句型中。

It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.我接受像那样的帮助是不可能的。

She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。

①likely常指从表面迹象来判断有可能，作“可能的”的意思解释时常用作表语形容词，主要句法结构有：sb./sth.＋be＋likely＋to do sth.；It is likely＋that-clause。

likely用作定语形容词时常意为“似乎合适的、有希望的”。

②possible表示客观上的可能性，possible常构成的结构有：It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.；It is possible＋that-clause。

possible作定语时，有时解释为“合适的”。

③probable表示“可能发生或实现的”，比possible的可能性大。

常构成的句型有：sth. is probable；It is probable＋that-clause。

【对接高考】(2010·陕西高考) Studies show that people are more ________ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A．likely B．possible C．probable D．sure【解析】likely作表语时，主语既可以是人，也可以是物或it，而possible，probable作表语时，主语一般不能是人。

所以可排除B、C。

sb. be sure to do sth. 某人一定会做某事，在语气上太绝对，不符合句意，可排除。

【答案】 A完成句子①很可能今晚她给我打电话。

________________ she'll ring me tonight.②汤姆有可能知道这个秘密。

Tom ______________________ this secret.【答案】①It's very likely that/It is probable that②is likely to know3．by means of 用……办法；借助Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. (教材P2) 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一座史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

I escaped by means of a secret tunnel.我通过一条秘密通道逃跑了。

by this means用这种方法by all means 一定，务必by no means一点也不，决不(用于句首句子需倒装)by any means 无论如何Try by all means to save the dying.一定要尽力抢救那个垂危的病人。

This is by no means the first time you have been late.这绝不是你第一次迟到了。

For local people, this is not by any means bad news.对于当地人，这无论如何也不是什么坏消息。

【提示】means作“方式，方法”时单复数同形。

若是all means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若是every/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

【一言辨异】All possible means have been tried，but not every means works.所有可能的方法都尝试过了，但并不是每一种方法都奏效。

【对接高考】(2011·浙江高考)—Can I come and have a look at your new house?—Yes，________！A．with pleasure B．I like it C．I quite agree D．by all means【解析】句意：——我可以来看看你的新房子吗？——可以，你一定要来。

A项：非常乐意；B项：我喜欢；C项：我同意；D项：无论如何，一定，务必。

【答案】 D用上面短语的适当形式填空①He entered the room ________ the tree near the window.②________ will this method produce satisfactory results.③You must finish the task on time ________.【答案】①by means of②By no means③by any means4．majority n. 大多数；大半Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. (教材P2)在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向当地人传授天主教。

A majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。

in the /a majority占多数a majority of...over sb.超过对方……的票数minority n. 少数；少数民族People who can read and write are not in the majority in some countries.有些国家里能读会写的人并不占大多数。

They have a large majority over the other party at the last election.在上次选举中他们以悬殊的票数击败了对方。

【提示】a/the majority (of...)表示“(……的)大多数”，修饰可数名词，作主语时，谓语用复数，修饰不可数名词时，谓语用单数。

the majority 单独作主语时，表示泛指多数，谓语单复数均可。

【对接高考】(2011·湖南高考)One-third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people.A．is；are B．is；is C．are；are D．are; is【解析】句意：这个国家有三分之一的面积被森林覆盖，并且大多数公民是黑人。

“分数词＋of＋名(代)词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于该名(代)词的单复数，所以第一空用is；the majority of 后是the citizens，所以谓语动词用复数，所以第二个空用are。

【答案】 A完成句子①他相信支持他的人占多数。

He believes that his supporters __________________.②大多数人喜欢电脑胜过电视。