南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is George's favorite sport?A. Tennis.B. Fishing.C. Swimming.2.How will the man pay the bill?A. By card.B. By WeChat.C. In cash.3.What are the speakers probably talking about?A. The woman's major.B. The woman's job.C. The woman's parents.4.What will the woman take back to the shop?A. The T-shirt.B. The shorts.C. The sweater.5.Where is the butter now?A. In the bowl.B. On the shelf.C. In the fridge. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.What is the woman going to do?A. Go shopping.B. Buy some pizza.C. Help with a party.7.Where are the speakers probably?A. On a bus.B. At a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Workmates.B. Neighbors.C. Schoolmates.9.Where are the speakers?A. In Paris.B. In London.C. In Rome.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10.What language is the woman learning this term?A. French.B. Spanish.C. German.11.What does the man find it difficult to learn?A. The guitar.B. The piano.C. The violin.12.What does the woman plan to do on Saturday?A. Play tennis.B. Watch a match.C. Check her teeth.听第9段材料,回答第13至第16题。

13.How much should a person pay for a room in total every month?A.$700.B.$730.C.$760.14.What is unavailable in the woman's house?A.A dryer.B.A dishwasher.C.A washing machine.15.Which place is nearest to the woman's house?A. The cinema.B. The park.C. The beach.16.Who is the man probably?A.A student.B.A house owner.C.A house agent.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17.What will take place in the hotel this weekend?A.A birthday party.B.A trade fair.C.A wedding.18.What is the hotel staff unsure about?A. The list of the food.B. The number of guests.C. The length of the event.19. When will guests probably start arriving?A. From 7:15.B. From 7:30.C. From 7:45.20.What will guests see in the event?A.A band.B.A comedian.C.A magician.2020-2021学年第一学期第一次质量调研测试一、听力BCABB C ACAA CCBAC CABAB第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

(停顿5”)Text 1W: George is really the sporty type. He likes to play tennis, go swimming and climb mountains M: But he likes nothing better than fishing.(停顿10”)Text 2W: How will you pay for the bill?M: Actually, I haven’t taken the card with me today and I’ve also left my phone at home. So I’d better pay in cash.(停顿10”)Text 3M: Medicine? Why did you choose to study that?W: Well, I really wanted to study physical education, but my parents thought that it’d be difficult to find a job with that degree.(停顿10”)Text 4W: Hi, Louis. I got you the last T-shirt in the sales, and some shorts to match. I bought this sweater too, but I’m not sure if you like it.M: The sweater looks great. I’ d keep it. But the color of those shorts is bad. You should take them back.W: Y eah. I guess you’re right.(停顿10”)Text 5M: Mum, where shall I put the bowl?W: Here, give it to me. It goes on this shelf. Hey! What’s the butter doing on the shelf?M: Dad put it there. Now give it to me. I’ll put it in the fridge.(停顿5”)第一节到此结束。

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话,回答第6至第7两个小题。

现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。

(停顿10”)Text 6M: Are you going to the shopping mall?W: No, I’m going to Sue’s house.M: Oh, right. She’s having a party tomorrow, isn’t she?W: Yes. That’s why I’m going there —to help her get ready. We’re going to make some pizza. M: Excellent. Isn’t that her house?W: Oh no! I’ve missed my stop. I was talking to you and I forgot to get off.M: Don’t worry. You c an get off at the next stop.(读完两遍停顿10”)听下面一段对话,回答第8至第9两个小题。

现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。

(停顿10”)Text 7W: I say, aren’t you Bob Partridge? We were at school together, I think.M: I’m Bob Partridge all right, but what’s your name, please?W: Don’t you remember me?I’m Nancy Nightingale. I’m the one who sat at the back of the classroom. My grandparents are your next-door neighbors.M: Now I remember you.W: It must have been ten years since we last met in London. And now we run into each other in Paris!M: It’s my f irst visit here for work. Oh, meet my wife, Rosita. She comes from Rome.(读完两遍后停顿10”)听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。

合集下载

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试化学试题 含参考答案

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试化学试题 含参考答案

化学本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟。

注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必在答题纸姓名栏内写上自己的姓名、考试科目、准考证号等,并用2B铅笔涂写在答题纸上。

2.每小题选出正确答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。

不能答在试题卷上。

3.考试结束,将答题纸交田。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H 一1C 一12N 一140一16Cl-35.5选择题(共40分)单项选择题:本题包括10小题,每小题2分,共计20分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

I .下列物质不属于高分子化合物的是A.纤维素B.聚丙烯2.下列有关化学用语表示正确的是A.硫化氢的电子式:H +[:豆:tH+B叫结构示意图:@对c.,ffi;糖c.质子数为53,中子数为78的腆原子:::I D .碳酸的电离方程式:H 2C03�2H →+co�-3.下列有关物质性质与用途对应关系正确的是A.液氮汽化时要吸收大量的热,可用作制冷剂B.二氧化硅熔点高硬度大,可用于制光导纤维c.四氯化碳的密度比水大,可用于萃取澳水中的澳D.浓硫酸具有强氧化性,可用作乙酸和乙醇反应的催化剂4.常温下,下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是A.lmol/L的硫酸氢铀溶液中:NHS,AP +、Cl 一、CH3COO-B. lmol/L 的BaCh溶液中:Na +、K +、NOi 、OH 一C.ImoνL 的NaCI O 溶液中z K +, Na +、Cl -、so�- D.蛋白质D.水电离出的c(H +)= Ix I 0·12mol/L 的溶液中:K +、Fe 3+、NOi,sor江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试5.X、Y、Z、W是原子序数依次增大的短周期主族元素。

Y是同周期元素中非金属性最强的元素,Z 是短周期中金属性最强的元素,W 的单质晶体是应用最广泛的半导体材料,X原子的最外层电子数等于Z、W原子最外层电子数之和。

江苏省南通市通洲区2021届高三第一次诊断测试地理试题(含答案 )

江苏省南通市通洲区2021届高三第一次诊断测试地理试题(含答案 )

江苏省南通市通洲区2021届高三第一次诊断测试地理试题一、单项选择题:本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共计50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

“天问一号”火星探测器于2020年7月23日12时41分在海南省文昌发射中心成功发射,将一次性实现火星环绕、表面降落、巡视探测三大任务。

今年10月底计划发射嫦娥五号月球探测器,实施首次月球采样返回。

右圈为“‘天问一号’发射照片”。

据此完成1一2题。

1.“天问一号”发射时,新的一天占全球的范围约为A.53%B.61%C.70%D.79%2.与地球相比,月球和火星都没有发现生命存在,主要是因为两天体A、体积、质量太小,大气稀薄B.距日远,获得的太阳辐射少C.自转周期长,气温日较差天D.距小行星带近,陨石袭扰多某校地理兴趣小组登录香港天文台互动版太阳路径平台参与研学活动,小王输入不同经度和纬度便得到“某日四地的太阳视运动路径图”〔如下图)。

据此完成3~4题。

3.下列四地中,与南通地理位置最接近的是A.甲B.乙C.丙 D.丁4.甲、乙、丙、丁四地中,纬度由低到高排序正确的是A,甲<乙<丙<丁 B.丙<甲<乙<丁C.甲<丙<乙<丁D.丙<乙<甲<丁2020年5月27F]11时,中国珠峰测量登山队圆泻完成珠峰高程重测任务!测得珠峰海拔为8844. 43米。

这一刻距中国首次祷确测定并公布珠峰高程时隔45年。

右图为“珠峰登山路线示意及大本营地表景观图”。

据此完成5~6题。

5.从大本营到导上珠峰,沿线可观赏到的冰川地貌最观有A. 2种B.3种C.4种D.5种6.关于甲处地貌的主要特点及其成因叙述正确的是A. 呈面椅状,璧陡出口有岩槛冰川的侵蚀作月而成B.呈“U”型谷地,丙侧岩壁陡冰川的刨蚀作川而成C. 呈刀刃状的山脊,两侧壁陡两冰川相问侵蚀临成D.呈命字塔型尖峰,四周壁陡周国冰斗柑向侵蚀成2020年7月25日晚:载有4200吨燃油的“若潮”号贸轮撞上了毛巴求斯东南海岸的牙瑚礁。

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期英语第一次诊断测试试题

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期英语第一次诊断测试试题

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期英语第一次诊断测试试题(考试时间:120分钟满分:150分)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

ARailcardsWant to save on the price of your train tickets?Then you'll need to buy a National Railcard.The first step is to pick the right Railcard,but don't worry!We'll walk you through each type and help you find the one most suited to your needs.The Network RailcardSpend E30 on a Network Railcard for the year and look forward to 1/3 off your train tickets during off-peak(非高峰)times.Enjoy discounted travel across 16 counties(郡)in the South East,evenincluding the whole of London!It is a great option for anyone who doesn't fall into any of the other Railcard categories,as people of any age can hold one.The Student RailcardAt the cost of just E30,this Railcard is excellent value for money.Whether you have an early morning lecture or you're rolling home in the early hours after a night out, you can still get 1/3 off on all passenger rail services within the UK!The only requirement for this Railcard is that you need to be within the ages of 16 and 25.The Millennial RailcardThis Railcard is available for all who are between the ages of 26 and 30, regardless of peak or off-peak times.However,it is currently only available digitally, with users being required to download the Railcard app and show ticket inspectors during train ticket checks.Costing just E30,the new Railcard can be used across the UK.The Disabled Persons RailcardAny passenger with a disability is eligible(符合条件的)to apply for one.It only costs£20,making your overall discount for the year even better!The most important thing is that any types of tickets can be purchased throughout the UK rail network. Besides,it can also get you discounts on London attractions.21.Which Railcard just applies to train services in part of the UK?A.The Network Railcard.B.The Student Railcard.C.The Millennial Railcard.D.The Disabled Persons Railcard.22.What is required for the Student Railcard?A.Riding hours.B. Railcard category.C.Age range.D.Service charge.23.What is special about the Millennial Railcard?A.It cannot be used during peak times.B.It offers discounts on London attractions.C.It is the cheapest among the four Railcards.D.It requires its owners to download an app.BCedar,a third-generation beekeeper from the countryside of New South Wales, Australia,says that he was inspired to try and design a simpler hive(蜂箱)after his brother was stung(蜇)during one of their honey-gathering tasks.The young guy knew that there must be a clever way to gather honey without having to wear protective suits,open the hive,and disturb the little bees.After several years,Cedar and his father Stuart finally perfected their invention-the Flow.Hive, which can save beekeepers hours of work simply by channeling all of its honey into a tap that can be turned on and off at will.Four years after their initial success,the Flow Hive has had a big influence on honeybee populations around the world.The father and his son say that they have successfully shipped over 51,000 hives to 150 different countries.Since they introduced the hive in 2015,the number of beekeepers in the U.S.alone has increased by over 10%.Their success is particularly significant since honeybee populations have been steadily decreasing as a result of habitat loss.That's why now Stuart and Cedar Anderson are donating their hive earnings to international honeybee advocacy groups."We're proud to have donated 100% of profits from the sale of our Flow Pollinator(传粉昆虫)House to nine local pollinator projects in Australia and the U.S. that are at work protecting wild habitats all around the world,"said the Andersons in a statement."Pollinators need large areas of habitat to grow healthily-the more we can do to conserve native habitats,the more opportunities these tiny environmental champions will have to do their important work."24.What can we learn about Cedar?A. He is often hurt by honeybees.B.He is from a big city in Australia.C.He knows a lot about beekeeping.D.He dislikes working with his brother.25.Which of the following best describes the Flow Hive?A.It is friendly to the environment.B.It can improve the quality of honey.C.It can help bees produce more honey.D.It simplifies the honey-gathering process.26.Why do the Andersons make donations?A.To expand their business.B.To protect bees' habitats.C.To build more Flow Hives.D.To help the poor in Australia.27.What would be the best title for the text?A.“Honey on Tap"BeehiveB.The Cost of BeekeepingC.The Growth of a BeekeeperD.True Facts About HoneybeesCIn order to help discover spoilage(变质)and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers,researchers have developed new low-cost,smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date(保存期),but 60%(4.2 million tonnes)of the £12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.The researchers,whose findings were published in ACS Sensors,say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date-a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known as"paper-based electrical gas sensors(PEGS)",they detect spoilage gases like ammonia(a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell)in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone,and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes(电极)onto a special type of paper.The materials are eco-friendly and harmless,sothey don't damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging.The sensors,combined with a tiny electronic system,then inform nearby mobile devices,which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.Lead author Dr Firat Guder,of Imperial's Department of Bioengineering,said, "Although they'redesigned to keep us safe,use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They don't always reflect its actual freshness.In fact,people often get sick from foodborne diseases due to poor storage,even when an item is within its use-by date."These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years.Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste."The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing,like sensing chemicals in agriculture,air quality,and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.28.What is the function of PEGS according to the text?A.To improve the service of stores.B.To help supermarkets store foods.C.To improve the taste of food products.D.To help people test food freshness.29.What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?A. It acts as an electronic nose.B.It reads the data collected by PEGS.C.It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.D.It helps print the gas sensors onto paper.30.What does Dr Firat Guder say about use-by dates?A. They are not completely reliable.B.They can help reduce food waste.C.They are not accepted by consumers.D.They are based on scientific research.31.What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A.The process of researching spoilage sensors.B.A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.e-by dates 'influence on supermarkets and consumers.D.The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.DMuazzez Kocek,46,is considered one of the best whistlers in Kuskoy,a village in Turkey's northern Giresun province.Her whistle can be heard over the area's vast tea fields.When President ofTurkey visited Kusköy in 2012,she greeted him and proudly whistled,"Welcome to our village!"She uses kus dili,or"bird language".For hundreds of years,this whistled form of communication has been critical for farming in this place,allowing complex conversations over long distances and makinganimal herding(放牧)easier to do.However,because of the increased use of cellphones,the language isat risk of dying out.Turkey is one of a handful of countries in the world where whistling languages exist.They attractlinguistic(语言学的)experts very much.There is a long-held belief that language interpretation occurs mostly in the left hemisphere(大脑半球),and tunes and singing on the right.But a study conducted in Kuskoy suggests that whistling language is processed in both hemispheres.Organ Civelek,37,who can whistle in full sentences,explained that they are very proud of their linguistic custom and want to share it with visitors.Since 1997,Kuskoy village has been hosting an annual Bird Language,Culture and Art Festival,where the community gathers to practice and compete.While technology is contributing to the language's disappearance,it is also being used by some to preserve it.Mr.Civelek,who teaches bird language to children during the summer,uses an application called"Islik Dili Sozlugu,"or whistling language dictionary."You can lose or break a phone,but as long as you can breathe,you can whistle," said Mr.Civelek."It's a communication tool that you can bring with you anywhere."32.Before cellphones,what did Turkish farmers mainly use kus dili to do?A.Talk with wild birds.B.Greet respectable guests.C.Speak with people far away.D.Warn farm animals of risks.33.What might be concluded based on the study conducted in Kuskoy?A.The right hemisphere interprets sounds.B.Whistling language isn't unique to Turkey.C.Brain structures processing language aren't fixed.D.The left hemisphere helps us understand conversations.34.Which of the following can best convey Mr.Civelek's opinion on technology?A.Misfortunes never come alone.B.Every coin has two sides.C.A good beginning makes a good ending.D.All things are difficult before they are easy.35.What is main idea of the text?A.People in Turkey whistle more and talk less.B.You may lose a phone,but never a tradition.C.People in Turkey keep a language of whistles alive.D.Cellphones can connect you to the world,but not a heart.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试数学试卷及答案

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试数学试卷及答案

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试数学试卷★祝考试顺利★(含答案)一、单项选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共计40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是符合题目要求的,请把答案添涂在答题卡相应位置上)1.函数()f x =的定义域为 A .[1,3] B .(1,3] C .(-∞,1) D .[3,+∞)2.已知a ,b ,c ,d ∈R,则下列命题正确的是A .若a >b ,n N *∈,则n n a b >B .若a >b ,c <d ,则a ﹣c >b ﹣dC .若a >b ,c >d ,则ac >bdD .若a >b ,则11a b< 3.集合M =8N N 1y y x y x ⎧⎫=∈∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭,,的非空子集个数是 A .3 B .7 C .15 D .314.已知131()2a -=,13log 2b =,121()3c =,则a ,b ,c 的大小关系是 A .a <b <c B .b <a <c C .c <a <b D .b <c <a5.函数1()()cos f x x x x=-在其定义域上的图像大致是6.函数1()ln 2f x x x x=--的单调减区间为A .(1,+∞)B .(0,1)C .(12-,1)D .(-∞,12-)和(1,+∞) 7.某种物体放在空气中冷却,如果原来的温度是1θ℃,空气的温度是0θ℃,那么t min 后物体的温度θ(单位:℃)满足:0.2010()e t θθθθ-=+-.若将物体放在15℃的空气中从62℃分别冷却到45℃和30℃所用时间为1t ,2t ,则21t t -的值为(取ln2=0.7,e=2.718…)A .72-B .27-C .72D .278.已知函数()ln a f x x x =+,∀m ,n ∈[1,2],m ≠n 时,都有(1)(1)0f m f n m n+-+>-,则实数a 的取值范围是A .(-∞,1)B .(-∞,1]C .(-∞,2)D .(-∞,2]二、 多项选择题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分, 共计20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请把答案添涂在答题卡相应位置上)9.下列命题正确的是A.“a >1”是“a 2>1”的充分不必要条件B .“M>N”是“lgM>lgN”的必要不充分条件C .命题“∀x ∈R,x 2+1<0”的否定是“∃x ∈R,使得x 2+1<0”D .设函数()f x 的导数为()f x ',则“()f x '=0”是“()f x 在0x x =处取得极值”的充要条件10.设a >b >0,则下列不等式一定成立的是A .0a b b a -<B .20201a b ->C .2ab a b<+.b a a b > 11.定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 满足(1)(1)f x f x -=+,则A .函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称B .函数()f x 的图象关于直线x =1对称C .函数()f x 是周期函数且对于任意x ∈R,(2)()f x f x +=成立D .当x ∈(0,1]时,()e 1x f x =-,则函数()f x 在区间[1+4k ,3+4k ](k ∈Z)上单调递减(其中。

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试英语试卷及答案

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试英语试卷及答案

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期一诊考试英语试卷★祝考试顺利★(含答案)(考试时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is George's favorite sport?A.Tennis.B.Fishing.C.Swimming.2.How will the man pay the bill?A.By card.B.By WeChat.C.In cash.3.What are the speakers probably talking about?A.The woman's major.B.The woman's job.C.The woman's parents.4.What will the woman take back to the shop?A.The T-shirt.B.The.shorts.C.The sweater.5.Where is the butter now?A.In the bowl.B.On the shelf.C.In the fridge.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.What is the woman going to do?A.Go shopping.B.Buy some pizza.C.Help witha party.7.Where are the speakers probably?A.On a bus.B.At a restaurant.C.In.a supermarket.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试物理试卷及参考答案

南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试物理试卷及参考答案

所示, 不计空气阻力, 则
A. ti 时刻小球的动能最大
B. t2-t3 过程小球做加速运动
c. tz时刻小球加速度大于g
. k··Q
,F
D. t3 时刻弹簧的弹性势能与小球动能之和最小、

第7题图
第2页共8页
8. 一水平长绳上系着 一个弹簧和小球,弹簧和小球组成的系统固有频率为2Hz,现让长绳两端P、 Q同时以相同的振幅A上下各振动了一个周期,某时刻长绳上形成的波形如图所示. 两列波先 后间隔 一段时间经过弹簧所在的位置, 观察到小球先后出现了两次振动,第一次振动时起振方
D. 丁图中电冰箱能把热量从低温的箱内传到高温的箱外, 违背了热力学第二定律
第1页共8页
4. 紫外光电管是利用光电效应原理对油库等重要场所进行火灾报警的装置, 其工作电路如图所
示,其中A为阳极,K为阴极, 只有当明火中的紫外线照射到K极时, 电压表有读数且启动报 警装置. 已知太阳光中紫外线频率主要在7.5-9.51 x 014Hz之间, 而明火中的紫外线波长主要在 11 . 1 - S1 .x 015Hz之间, 下列说法正确的是 A. 为避免太阳光中紫外线干扰,K极材料的截止频率应大于1.5x1015Hz B. 只有明火照射时间足够长, 电压表才会有示数
一斗
8
6

4

2
II
也l
。口
2
4
6
'Fir坚
8
10


Cl)实验装置如图甲, 下列操作规范的是一_A_一
A. 实验前, 应该先把弹簧水平放置测量其原长
B. 逐一增挂钩码, 记下每增加 一 只钩码后指针所指的标尺刻度和对应的钩码总重

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三第一次诊断测试政治试卷附答案

2021届高三第一次诊断测试政ξA ,同注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷共8页,包含选择题(第1题-第25题,共25题)和非选择题(第26题-第29题,共4题〉两部分。

本次考试满分为100分,考试时间90分钟。

考试结束后,请将答题卡交回。

2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名和考试号等用黑色0.5毫米墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡上。

3.请认真核对答题卡表头规定填写或填涂的项目是否准确。

4.作答选择题,必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑:如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。

作答非选择题,必须用0.5毫米黑色水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效。

一、单项选择题z本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共计50分。

在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是最符合题意的。

1.生活在世界屋脊一一西藏的益西江措一家成功脱贫。

其秘诀在哪里?2014年是条分界线:2014年之前I2014年之后三亩土地种青裸|将土地流转给某葡萄酒企业|益西江措去该葡萄酒企业务工一年收入3000元I rnoo元每亩,年收入5400元I150元每天,年收入大约6万元由此可见,益西江措一家成功脱贫的秘诀在于①盘活了土地资源,实现了土地资源的增值②改变了分配制度,增加了土地所有权收益③突破土地资源局限,优化了农业种植结构④优化劳动力资源配置,创造了更大的价值A.①②B.②③ c.①④ D.③④2.从国企改革三年行动方案,到深化国有企业混合所有制改革的实施意见,“以混促改”思路逐渐清晰,混改将在“十四五”期间迎来深层次突破。

其中,电网、铁路、电信等重点领域混改有望向纵深发展,民营企业有望参股基础电信运营企业。

国企混改①可以增强国有资本的控制力和影响力②旨在完善国有企业公司法人治理结构③破除了民营企业发展的体制机制障碍.④有利于各种所有制取长补短相互促进A.①②B.②③ c.①④ D.③④3.存款准备金是指金融机构为保证客户提取存款和资金清算需要而准备的在中央银行的存款。

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三上学期第一次诊断测试英语

2021届高三第一次诊断测试英语(考试时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is George's favorite sport?A.Tennis.B.Fishing.C.Swimming.2.How will the man pay the bill?A.By card.B.By WeChat.C.In cash.3.What are the speakers probably talking about?A.The woman's major.B.The woman's job.C.The woman's parents.4.What will the woman take back to the shop?A.The T-shirt.B.The.shorts.C.The sweater.5.Where is the butter now?A.In the bowl.B.On the shelf.C.In the fridge.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.What is the woman going to do?A.Go shopping.B.Buy some pizza.C.Help with a party.7.Where are the speakers probably?A.On a bus.B.At a restaurant.C.In.a supermarket. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期9月第一次诊断测试数学试题(解析版)

2021届江苏省南通市通州区高三上学期9月第一次诊断测试数学试题一、单选题1.函数()f x =的定义域为( ) A .[1,3] B .(1,3]C .(,1)-∞D .[3,)+∞【答案】B【解析】根据函数解析式求定义域即可. 【详解】由()f x 解析式知:3010x x -≥⎧⎨->⎩,解之得:13x <≤,故选:B 【点睛】本题考查了具体函数的定义域求法,属于简单题. 2.已知,,,a b c d R ∈,则下列命题正确的是( ) A .若,a N b n *>∈,则n n a b > B .若,a b c d ><,则a c b d ->- C .若,a b c d >>,则ac bd > D .若a b >,则11a b< 【答案】B【解析】利用不等式的性质,结合特殊值法即可判断选项的正误. 【详解】A 选项,22(1)(2)-<-,故A 错误;B 选项,,a b c d ><有,a b c d >->-,即有a c b d ->-,故B 正确;C 选项,1,0,1,2a b c d ===-=-,ac bd <,故C 错误;D 选项,0a b >>时不等式不成立,故D 错误; 故选:B 【点睛】本题考查了不等关系的判断,结合不等式性质、特殊值法等知识的应用,属于简单题.3.集合M =8,,1y y x N y N x ⎧⎫=∈∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭的非空子集个数是( )A .3B .7C .15D .31【答案】C【解析】根据集合描述求集合,由集合中元素的个数即可求非空子集个数. 【详解】 由M =8,,1y y x N y N x ⎧⎫=∈∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭知:{1,2,4,8}M = ∴非空子集个数为:42115-=, 故选:C 【点睛】本题考查了集合中子集个数,利用已知集合求其元素的个数,进而确定非空子集的个数,属于简单题.4.已知131()2a -=,13log 2b =,121()3c =,则,,a b c 的大小关系是( )A .a b c <<B .b a c <<C .c a b <<D .b c a <<【答案】D【解析】根据对数、指数的性质比较大小即可. 【详解】131()12a -=>,13log 20b =<,1210()13c <=<, ∴b c a <<, 故选:D 【点睛】本题考查了指数、对数比较大小,根据对应函数的性质结合边界值0、1比较大小,属于简单题.5.函数1()()cos f x x x x=-在其定义域上的图像大致是( )A .B .C .D .【答案】C【解析】利用函数的奇偶性,以及特殊点的函数值符号即可由排除法选出正确图象. 【详解】()11()()cos ()cos ()f x x x x x f x x x-=-+-=--=-,所以函数()f x 是奇函数,图象关于原点对称,故排除选项A D 、, 因为当02x π<<时,(1)0f =,02f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭π,故在区间()0,2π与x 轴有两个交点,故 排除B 故选:C 【点睛】本题主要考查了根据函数的解析式选择正确的图象,属于中档题. 6.函数1()ln 2f x x x x=--的单调减区间为( ) A .(1,)+∞ B .()0,1 C .1,12⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭ D .1,2⎛⎫-∞-⎪⎝⎭和(1,)+∞ 【答案】A【解析】求出导函数,由'()01f x x <⇒>,从而可得答案.【详解】因为1()ln 2f x x x x=--, 所以()()2'2221121121()2,0x x x x f x x x x x x -+-++=-+==> 由'()01f x x <⇒>, 所以函数1()ln 2f x x x x=--的单调减区间为(1,)+∞,故选:A. 【点睛】本题主要考查利用导数研究函数的单调性,解题的关键是熟练掌握求导公式,属于基础题.7.某种物体放在空气中冷却,如果原来的温度是1θ℃,空气的温度是0θ℃,那么min t 后物体的温度θ(单位:℃)满足:0.2010()teθθθθ-=+-.若将物体放在15℃的空气中从62℃分别冷却到45℃和30℃所用时间为1t ,2t ,则21t t -的值为(取207,2718ln e ==⋯..)( )A .72-B .27-C .72D .27【答案】C【解析】根据题中所给函数模型,分别求出1t ,2t ,再由对数的运算,即可得出结果. 【详解】若物体放在15℃的空气中从62℃分别冷却到45℃, 则有10.24515(6215)t e-=+-,即10.23047t e -=,则10.24730t e=,解得1475ln 30t =; 若物体放在15℃的空气中从62℃分别冷却到30℃, 则有20.23015(6215)t e -=+-,即20.21547t e -=,则20.24715t e=,解得2475ln 15t =; 因此2147305ln 5ln 2 3.51647t t ⎛⎫-=⨯== ⎪⎝⎭. 故选:C. 【点睛】本题主要考查对数的运算,考查给定函数模型的应用,属于常考题型. 8.已知函数()ln ,,[1,2],af x x m n m n x =+∀∈≠时,都有(1)(1)0f m f n m n+-+>-,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A .(,1)-∞ B .(,1]-∞C .(,2)-∞D .(,2]-∞【答案】D【解析】[],1,2m n ∀∈且m n ≠,都有()()110f m f n m n+-+>-,等价于()()ln 11ag x x x =+++在[]1,2x ∈上单调递增,只需()'0g x ≥恒成立即可. 【详解】()()1ln 11af x x x +=+++, 令()()()1ln 11ag x f x x x =+=+++, [],1,2m n ∀∈且m n ≠,都有()()110f m f n m n+-+>-,()g x ∴在[]1,2x ∈上单调递增,即()()()2211'0111a x a g x x x x +-=-=≥+++恒成立, 即1a x ≤+,[]1,2,12x x ∈∴+≥,2a ∴≤,故选:D. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数单调性的定义,考查利用导数研究函数的单调性以及不等式恒成立问题,属于中档题.二、多选题9.下列命题正确的是( )A .“1a >”是“21a >”的充分不必要条件B .“M N >”是“lgM lgN >”的必要不充分条件C .命题“2,10x R x ∀∈+<”的否定是“x R ∃∈,使得210x +<”D .设函数()f x 的导数为()'f x ,则“0()0f x '=”是“()f x 在0x x =处取得极值”的充要条件 【答案】AB【解析】根据定义法判断是否为充分、必要条件,由全称命题的否定是∀→∃,否定结论,即可知正确的选项. 【详解】A 选项中,211a a >⇒>,但211a a >⇒>或1a <-,故A 正确;B 选项中,当0M N >>时有lgM lgN >,而lgM lgN >必有0M N >>,故B 正确;C 选项中,否定命题为“x R ∃∈,使得210x +≥”,故C 错误;D 选项中,0()0f x '=不一定有()f x 在0x x =处取得极值,而()f x 在0x x =处取得极值则0()0f x '=,故D 错误; 故选:AB 【点睛】本题考查了充分、必要条件的判断以及含特称量词命题的否定,属于简单题. 10.设0a b >>,则下列不等式一定成立的是( )A .0a bb a-< B .20201a b ->C .2aba b<+D .b a a b >【答案】BC【解析】对选项A ,利用做差法即可判断;对选项B ,利用指数函数的性质即可判断,对选项C ,利用基本不等式即可判断,对选项D ,利用赋值法即可判断. 【详解】对选项A ,22a b a b b a ab--=,因为0a b >>,所以22a b >,0ab >.所以0a bb a->,故A 错误. 对选项B ,因为a b >,所以0a b ->,即20201a b ->,故B 正确.对选项C ,因为0a b >>,所以(22aba b a b ab a b+>⇒+>⇒>+, 故C 正确.对选项D ,设4a =,3b =,满足0a b >>,此时3464b a ==,4381a b ==,不满足b a a b >,故D 错误. 故选:BC 【点睛】本题主要考查利用作差法,基本不等式法和赋值法比较大小,属于简单题. 11.定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 满足()()11+f x f x -=,则( ) A .函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称 B .函数()f x 的图象关于直线1x =对称C .函数()f x 是周期函数且对于任意x ∈R ,(2)()f x f x +=成立D .当(0,1]x ∈时,()1x f x e =-,则函数()f x 在区间[]14,34()k k k Z ++∈上单调递减(其中e 为自然对数的底数) 【答案】ABD【解析】由函数()f x 是奇函数,可判断A ;由()()11+f x f x -=,可得函数()f x 的图象关于直线1x =对称,可判断B ;因为()()(2)1+1+f x f x f x +=≠⎡⎤⎣⎦,可判断C ;当(0,1]x ∈时,()1xf x e =-,由函数()f x 的奇偶性、单调性和周期性可判断D.【详解】定义在R 上的函数()f x 是奇函数,所以函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称,故A 正确; 因为函数()f x 满足()()11+f x f x -=,函数()f x 的图象关于直线1x =对称,故B 正确;因为()()()()(2)1+1+11+()f x f x f x f x f x f x +==-=-=-≠⎡⎤⎡⎤⎣⎦⎣⎦,()()()()()(4)1+3+13+(2)2+f x f x f x f x f x f x f x +==-=--=-=--=⎡⎤⎡⎤⎣⎦⎣⎦,所以函数()f x 的周期为4,故C 不正确;当(0,1]x ∈时,()1xf x e =-,且()1xf x e =-在(0,1]x ∈上单调递增,因为函数()f x 是奇函数,所以函数()f x 在()10x ∈-,上单调递增, 又函数()f x 关于直线1x =对称,所以函数()f x 在()13x ∈,上单调递减,所以()()1>3f f ,又函数()f x 的周期为4,所以()()1+4>3+4f k f k ,所以函数()f x 在区间[]14,34()k k k Z ++∈上单调递减,故D 正确; 故选:ABD. 【点睛】本题考查抽象函数的奇偶性、单调性、周期性,以及对称性,属于中档题. 12.已知函数4()nnf x x x =+(n 为正整数),则下列判断正确的是( ) A .函数()f x 始终为奇函数B .当n 为偶数时,函数()f x 的最小值为4C .当n 为奇数时,函数()f x 的极小值为4D .当1n =时,函数()y f x =的图象关于直线2y x =对称 【答案】BC【解析】由已知得()()4()nnf x x x -=-+-,分n 为偶数和n 为奇数得出函数()f x 的奇偶性,可判断A 和;当n 为偶数时,>0n x ,运用基本不等式可判断B ;当n 为奇数时,令n t x =,则>0,>0;0,0x t x t <<,构造函数4()g t t t=+,利用其单调性可判断C ;当1n =时,取函数4()f x x x=+上点()15P ,,求出点P 关于直线2y x =对称的对称点,代入可判断D . 【详解】因为函数4()nn f x x x=+(n 为正整数),所以()()4()n n f x x x -=-+-, 当n 为偶数时,()()44()()nn nnf x x x f x x x -=-+=+=-,函数()f x 是偶函数; 当n 为奇数时,()4()nnf x x f x x-=-+=--,函数()f x 是奇函数,故A 不正确; 当n 为偶数时,>0n x,所以4()4n n f x x x =+≥=,当且仅当4n n x x =时, 即2>0n x =取等号,所以函数()f x 的最小值为4,故B 正确;当n 为奇数时,令n t x =,则>0,>0;0,0x t x t <<,函数()f x 化为4()g t t t=+, 而4()g t t t =+在()()22-∞-+∞,,,上单调递增,在()()2002-,,,上单调递递减, 所以4()g t t t =+在2t =时,取得极小值4(2)242g =+=,故C 正确;当1n =时,函数4()f x x x=+上点()15P ,,设点P 关于直线2y x =对称的对称点为()000P x y ,,则000051121+5+222y x x y -⎧=-⎪-⎪⎨⎪⨯=⎪⎩,解得00175195x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩,即0171955P ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,,而将0171955P ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,代入4()f x x x=+不满足, 所以函数()y f x =的图象不关于直线2y x =对称,故D 不正确,故选:BC . 【点睛】本题考查综合考查函数的奇偶性,单调性,对称性,以及函数的最值,属于较难题.三、填空题13.已知函数1,01()2(1),1x f x x x x ⎧<<⎪=⎨⎪-≥⎩,若()(1)f a f a =+,则实数a =___________.【答案】2【解析】根据分段函数各分支上的性质有011a a <<<+,结合解析式得12a a=即可求a . 【详解】∵()f x 在不同分支上是单调的, ∴()(1)f a f a =+有011a a <<<+,即12a a=,解之得:2a =,(舍去2a =-),故答案为:2【点睛】本题考查了利用分段函数各分支的性质,根据函数的等量关系,结合函数解析式求参数值,属于简单题.14.若()230,0s t st s t +=>>,则s t +的最小值是___________.【答案】5+【解析】利用“1”的代换,结合基本不等式求s t +的最小值. 【详解】 由题意知:231t s+=,∴2323()()555s t s t s t tst s +=++=++≥++,=时等号成立故答案为:5+【点睛】本题考查了利用基本不等式求最值,应用了“1”的代换转化目标式的形式,进而使用基本不等式,属于简单题.15.已知偶函数()f x (0)x ≠的导函数为()'f x ,()f e e =,当0x >时,()2()0xf x f x '->,则使21(1)(1)ef x x ->-成立的x 的取值范围是___________.(其中e 为自然对数的底数)【答案】(,1)(1,)e e -∞-⋃++∞;【解析】构造函数()()2f x g x x =,求导()()()''32xf x g xf x x -=,由已知分析出函数()g x 的奇偶性的单调性,可求得答案.【详解】令()()2f x g x x =,则()()()()()'''43222f x xf x xf x f x x x g x x--==, 因为当0x >时,()2()0xf x f x '->,所以当0x >时,()'>0g x ,()g x 单调递增,又()f x 是偶函数,所以()()()()()22f x f xg x x x g x --==-=,所以()g x 是偶函数, 而21(1)(1)ef x x ->-,所以()22(1)1(1)f e f x x e e ->=-,即()(1)g x g e ->,所以()(1)g x g e ->,又()g x 在()0+∞,单调递增,所以1x e ->,解得+1x e >或1x e <-, 故答案为:(,1)(1,)e e -∞-⋃++∞. 【点睛】本题考查构造函数求解抽象不等式,构造合适的函数是解决问题的关键,属于中档题. 16.在①AB A =,②A B ⋂≠∅,③R BC A ⊆这三个条件中任选一个,补充在下面问题中,若问题中的实数a 存在,求a 的取值范围;若不存在,说明理由.问题:已知集合{}20,,log (1)1,1x a A xx R B x x x R x -⎧⎫=<∈=-≤∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭∣∣,是否存在实数a ,使得___________? 【答案】答案见解析【解析】求得集合[1,1)B =-,化简集合{()(1)0,}A xx a x x R =-+<∈∣,分1a >-,1a =-,1a <-三种情况讨论得到集合A ;再分别得若选择①,若选择②,若选择③时,实数a 的取值范围. 【详解】{}2log (1)1,R [1,1)B x x x =-≤∈=-∣,0,{()(1)0,}1x a A x x R x x a x x R x -⎧⎫=<∈=-+<∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭∣∣,当1a >-时,(1,)A a =-; 当1a =-时,A =∅; 当1a <-时,(,1)A a =- 若选择①AB A =,则A B ⊆,当1a >-时,要使(1,)[1,1)a -⊆-,则1a ≤,所以11a -<≤ 当1a =-时,A =∅,满足题意 当1a <-时,(,1)A a =-不满足题意 所以选择①,则实数a 的取值范围是[-1,1] 若选择②A B ⋂≠∅,当1a >-时,(1,),[1,1)A a B =-=-,满足题意; 当1a =-时,A =∅,不满足题意;当1a <-时,(,1),[1,1)A a B =-=-,不满足题意 所以选择②,则实数a 的取值范围是(1,)-+∞. 若选择③RB A ⊆,当1a >-时,(1,),(,1][,)RA a A a =-=-∞-⋃+∞,而[1,1)B =-,不满足题意当1a =-时,,R RA A =∅=,而[1,1)B =-,满足题意当1a <-时,(,1),(,][1,)RA a A a =-=-∞⋃-+∞,而[1,1)B =-,满足题意.所以选择③,则实数a 的取值范围是(,1]-∞-,综上得:若选择①,则实数a的取值范围是[-1,1];若选择②,则实数a的取值范围是(1,)-+∞;若选择③,则实数a的取值范围是(,1]-∞-.【点睛】本题考查集合间的包含关系,集合间的运算,属于中档题.四、双空题17.校园内因改造施工,工人师傅用三角支架固定墙面(墙面与地面垂直)(如图),现在一支架斜杆长为16dm,一端靠在墙上,另一端落在地面上,则该支架斜杆与其在墙面和地面上射影所围成三角形周长的最大值为___________dm;现为调整支架安全性,要求前述直角三角形周长为30dm,面积为230dm,则此时斜杆长度应设计为___________dm.【答案】16162+13.【解析】(1)由勾股定理有22256x y+=,结合基本不等式即可求周长最大值;(2)设斜杆长为a,它与地面的夹角为θ,根据题设列方程组并结合同角三角函数关系构造方程求值即可;【详解】(1)设其在墙面和地面上射影分别为x、y,则:周长16l x y=++,而22256x y+=,又222()x y x y+≤+,∴2216162()16(12)l x y x y=++≤+=,(2)设斜杆长为a,它与地面的夹角为θ,由题意有:22sin cos30sin cos sin2602a a aaaθθθθθ++=⎧⎪⎨==⎪⎩,∴21202sin cosaθθ=,而30sin cosaaθθ-+=,结合22sin cos1θθ+=,知:2230120()1a a a--=,解之得13a =,故答案为:16+13; 【点睛】本题考查了利用基本不等式求最值,应用勾股定理、同角三角函数关系列方程求直角三角形斜边长,属于中档题.五、解答题18.已知函数2()f x x ax b =++,,R a b ∈,关于x 的不等式()0f x <的解集为()2,3.(1)求a ,b 的值;(2)求函数()()2y f f x =-的所有零点之积. 【答案】(1)5a =-,6b =;(2)10.【解析】(1)根据不等式的解集得到方程20x ax b ++=的解为2和3,列出方程组求解,即可得出结果; (2)令()()20ff x -=,由(1)得到2[()]5()62f x f x -+=,求出()1f x =或()4f x =,由韦达定理,即可求出结果.【详解】(1)因为不等式()0f x <的解集为()2,3,即20x ax b ++<的解集为()2,3, 所以方程20x ax b ++=的解为2和3,所以24056a b a b ⎧->⎪-=⎨⎪=⎩,解得5a =-,6b =;(2)由(1)得2()56f x x x =-+,令()()20ff x -=,即2[()]5()62f x f x -+=,解得()1f x =或()4f x =,即2550x x -+=或2520x x -+=,2212(5)4550,(5)42170∆=--⨯=>∆=--⨯=>,方程2550x x -+=有两解,设为1x ,2x ,方程2520x x -+=有两解,设为3x ,4x , 所以125x x =,342x x =,即函数()()2y f f x =-的所有零点之积为123410x x x x =. 【点睛】本题主要考查由一元二次不等式的解集求参数,考查求函数的零点之积,属于常考题型. 19.设函数()3221()(1)23,,3f x x k x k k x x R k R =+-+--∈∈. (1)若函数()f x 为奇函数,求函数()f x 在区间[]3,3﹣上的最值; (2)若函数()f x 在区间()0,2内不单调,求实数k 的取值范围. 【答案】(1)最大值为163,最小值为163-;(2)(3,1)(1,3)--. 【解析】(1)由已知得()()f x f x -=对x R ∀∈成立,根据恒等式的思想可求得1k =,得到31()43f x x x =-,求导,分析导函数取得正负的区间,从而得函数的单调性,可求得函数的最值.(2)对函数求导得()22()2(1)23(3)(1)f x x k x k k x k x k '=+-+--=+-++,令()0f x '=,得3x k =-或1x k =--,由已知条件建立不等式可求得实数k 的取值范围. 【详解】(1)因为函数()f x 为奇函数,所以()()f x f x -=对x R ∀∈成立, 即()()32232211(1)23(1)2333x k x k k x x k x k k x -+----=------对R x ∀∈成立,即22(1)0k x -=对x R ∀∈成立,所以1k =,此时31()43f x x x =-, 2()4(2)(2),[3,3]f x x x x x '=-=+-∈-,令()0f x '=,则2x =-或2x =,函数()f x 的极大值为16(2)3f -=,极小值为16(2)3f =-,而(3)3f -=,(3)3f =-. 所以函数()f x 在区间[-3,3]上的最大值为163,最小值为163-;(2)因为()3221()(1)233f x x k x k k x =+-+--,所以()22()2(1)23(3)(1)f x x k x k k x k x k '=+-+--=+-++,令()0f x '=,得3x k =-或1x k =--,因为函数()f x 在区间(0,2)内不单调,所以032k <-<或012k <--<,解得13k <<或31k -<<-.所以实数k 的取值范围为(3,1)(1,3)--.【点睛】本题考查利用导函数研究函数的单调性,极值,最值,属于中档题.20.经验表明,在室温25C ︒下,85C ︒开水冷至35︒C 到40C ︒(温水)饮用对身体更有益.某研究人员每隔1min 测量一次开水温度(如下表),经过min x 后的温度为C y ︒.现给出以下2个函数模型:①25(,01,0)ay kx k R a x =+∈<<≥;②25(,01,0)xy ka k R a x =+∈<<≥,其中a 为温度衰减比例,计算公式为:11251()525i n i i y a i N y =--=∈-∑.开水温度变化(1)请选择一个恰当的函数模型描述,x y 之间的关系,并求出k ; (2)求a 值(a 保留0.01);(3)在25C ︒室温下,85C ︒开水至少大约放置多长时间(单位:min ,保留整数)才能冷至到对身体有益温度?(参考数据:16.6140.92≈,21.5160.92≈) 【答案】(1)应该选择②,k 的值为60;(2)0.92;(3)17min .【解析】(1)应用表格数据代入所选模型确定是否合适,有矛盾的排除,选择合适的模型即可;(2)根据题设提供的公式计算求值;(3)由人体合适温度在35C ︒到40C ︒之间,结合(1)(2)所得模型列不等式求x 范围即可; 【详解】(1)若选择①25(,01,0)a y kx k R a x =+∈<<≥,把0x =代入得2585y =≠矛盾;若选择②25(,01,0)xy ka k R a x =+∈<<≥,把0,85x y ==代入,得60k =. ∴选择②25(,01,0)xy ka k R a x =+∈<<≥,其中k 的值为60.(2)5112511545046434052556054504643i i i y a y =--⎛⎫==++++ ⎪-⎝⎭∑0.92≈ (3)由(1)(2)知,x 、y 之间的关系为600.9225xy =⨯+,∵85C ︒开水冷至35C ︒到40C ︒ (温水)饮用对身体更有益, ∴35600.922540x ≤⨯+≤,有110.9264x ≤≤,即1460.92x ≤≤, 又16.621.5114,60.920.92≈≈,得16.621.5x ≤≤,∴在25C ︒室温下,85C ︒开水至少大约放置17min 才能冷至到对身体有益温度. 【点睛】本题考查了利用表格数据选择合适的数学模型,并确定模型中的参数值,进而应用模型计算预测值,属于中档题.21.已知函数()(2)ln 1f x x x x =-+-.(1)求曲线()y f x =在点(1,(1))P f 处的切线方程;(2)已知0x x =是函数()y f x =的极值点,若()()121212,,,f x f x x x x x R =≠∈,求证:1202x x x +>(极值点是指函数取极值时对应的自变量的值). 【答案】(1)0y =;(2)证明见解析.【解析】(1)利用导数的几何意义求()y f x =在点(1,(1))P f 处的切线方程即可;(2)利用导数研究()f x 有极值点01x =;结合已知条件构造()()(2),01h x f x f x x =--<<,应用导数研究其单调性及()()12f x f x =即可证122x x +>.【详解】(1)由()(2)ln 1f x x x x =-+-,有2()ln 1x f x x x'-=++∴()01f '=,而(1)0f =,可知曲线()y f x =在点(1,(1))P f 处的切线方程为0y = (2)由(1)得22()ln 1ln 2x f x x x x x '-=++=+-,令2()ln 2,0g x x x x=+->, 则212()0g x x x'=+>在(0,)+∞上恒成立,即2()ln 2g x x x =+-在(0,)+∞上单调递增,而(1)0g =,知当01x <<时,()0f x '<;当1x >时,()0f x '>,∴当函数()f x 在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,)+∞上单调递增,即()f x 在1x =处取得极大值.∵()()121212,,,f x f x x x x x R =≠∈,不妨设1201x x <<<, 令()()(2),01h x f x f x x =--<<,则22()()(2)ln 2ln(2)22h x f x f x x x x x'''=+-=+-+-+--4ln (2)4(2)x x x x =-+--因为01x <<,所以0(2)1x x <-<,即有4ln (2)0,40(2)x x x x -<-<-,∴()0h x '<,即函数()()(2)h x f x f x =--在(0,1)上单调递减,而(1)(1)(1)0h f f =-=,所以()(1)0h x h >=在(0,1)上恒成立,即()(2)f x f x >-在(0,1)上恒成立,有()()112f x f x >-在(0,1)上恒成立,又()()12f x f x =,所以()()212f x f x >-,因为1201x x <<<且121x ->,而函数()f x 在(1,)+∞上单调递增,所以212x x >-,即122x x +>,而01x =,所以1202x x x +>得证. 【点睛】本题考查了由导数的几何意义求切线方程,利用导数研究函数的单调性,并结合已知条件构造函数并判断其单调性,进而证明不等式.22.已知函数1()x f x e ax -=+,()ln g x bx b x =-,其中e 为自然对数的底数,,a b ∈R . (1)讨论函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上的单调性;(2)当0a =时,()()f x xg x ≥对0x >恒成立,求实数b 的取值范围.【答案】(1)答案见解析;(2)(,1]-∞.【解析】(1)求得函数的导函数,将参数分为1a e ≥-、1a e<-讨论函数的单调区间;(2)[方法1]由不等式构造含参函数1()ln x h x bx b x xe -=-+,结合导数研究其在0x >上的单调区间,再由不等式恒成立为前提分类讨论参数b 并确定其范围;[方法2、3]利用导数研究函数不等式恒成立问题,结合参变分离,构造函数()g x 将问题转化为min ()b g x ≤,由()g x 的导数研究单调性得到最小值,进而求得b 的范围.【详解】(1)因为1()x f x e ax -=+,则1(),0x f x e a x '-=+>当1a e ≥-时,1()0f x e a -'>+≥,所以()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递增;当1a e<-时令1()0x f x e a '-=+>,得1ln()x a >+-,所以()f x 在)(ln()1,a -++∞上单调递增,令1()0x f x e a '-=+<,得1ln()x a <+-,所以()f x 在(0,ln()1)a -+上单调递减,综上,当1a e ≥-时,函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递增;当1a e<-时,函数()f x 在)(ln()1,a -++∞上单调递增,在(0,ln()1)a -+上单调递减;(2)当0a =时,()()f x xg x ≥对0x >恒成立12ln x e bx bx x -⇔≥-对0x >恒成立, 【方法1】1ln 0x bx e b x x--+≥对0 x >恒成立,令1()ln x h x bx b x x e -=-+则112(1)(1)(1)(),0x x b x x x b x h x x x x xe e --⎛⎫-- ⎪--⎝⎭'=+=>, 设1()x b e x x ϕ-=-,令12(1)()0x x x xe ϕ--'==,得1x =, ∴当1x >时,()0x ϕ'>,()ϕx 在(1,)+∞上单调递增;当01x <<时,()0x ϕ'<,()ϕx 在(0,1)上单调递减,所以()(1)1x b ϕϕ≥=-.①若10b -≥,即1b ≤,当1x >时,()0h x '>,所以函数()h x 在(1,)+∞上单调递增;当01x <<时,()0h x '<,所以函数()h x 在(0,1)上单调递减,所以()(1)10h x h b ≥=-≥成立. 即1b ≤时()()f x xg x ≥对0x >恒成立.②当10-<b ,即1b >时,(1)10h b =-<与()0h x ≥矛盾; 综上,实数b 的取值范围为(,1]-∞ 【方法2】1ln (ln )0x x b x x e ----≥对0x >恒成立,令()ln h x x x =-,由11()10x h x x x-'=-==得1x =,即当1x >时,()0h x '>,()h x 在(1,)+∞上单调递增,当01x <<时,()0h x '<,()h x 在(0,1)上单调递减,所以()(1)1h x h ≥=.令ln t x x =-,则1t ≥,则原问题等价于10t t e b --≥,对1t ≥恒成立,等价于1t b te -≤,对1t ≥恒成立,令1(),1t e p t t t -=≥,则12(1)()0t t p t e t--'=≥,所以()p t 在[1,)+∞上单调递增,所以min ()1p t =,所以,实数b 的取值范围为(,1]-∞. 【方法3】令()ln x x x ϕ=-,由1()10x xϕ'=-=得1x =,函数()ϕx 在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,)+∞上单调递增,有()(1)1x ϕϕ≥=,所以ln 1x x -≥当且仅当1x =时取等号.令()1xp x e x =--,则由()10x p x e '=-=得0x =,函数()p x 在(,0)-∞上单调递减,在(0,)+∞上单调递增,所以()(0)0p x p ≥=,所以1x e x ≥+当且仅当0x =时取等号.因为ln 1x x -≥,所以原条件等价于11ln (ln )ln x x xe e b x x x x x---≤=--对0x >恒成立,令1ln ()ln x xe g x x x --=-,因为1ln 1ln 1ln x x x e x x x ----+=-≥,当且仅当ln 10x x --=时取等号,即1x =时取等号,所以1ln ()(1)1ln x xg x g x xe --=≥=-,所以min ()1g x =,即1b ≤.综上,实数b 的取值范围为(,1]-∞ 【点睛】本题考查了应用分类讨论求含参函数的单调区间,第二问--方法一:应用导数研究函数单调区间、结合参数分类讨论求参数范围;方法二、三:利用导函数研究函数不等式恒成立问题:应用参变分离法将问题转化为min ()b g x ≤,由导数得到函数的最值,进而求参数范围.。

江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三上学期第一次诊断测试英语试题 含答案解析


C.In Rome.
听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。
10.What language is the woman learning this term?
A.French.
B.Spanish.
11.What does the man find it difficult to learn?
A.The guitar.
听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。
C.A house agent.
17.What will take place in the hotel this weekend?
A.A birthday party. B.A trade fair.
C.A wedding.
18.What is the hotel staff unsure about?
A.The list of the food. B.The number of guests. C.The length of the event.
19. When will guests probably start arriving?
A. From 7:15.
B. From 7:30.
C.From 7:45.
A
Railcards
Want to save on the price of your train tickets?Then you'll need to buy a National Railcard.The first step is to pick the right Railcard,but don't worry!We'll walk you through each type and help you find the one most suited to your needs.
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
相关文档
最新文档