个人笔记-考研英语1997年第4篇文章
1997年考研英语阅读4
1997年考研英语阅读4In the 1997 postgraduate entrance examination for English reading comprehension, one of the passages discussed the issue of environmental protection. The passage highlighted the importance of environmental protection and the needfor individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to address the issue.From my perspective, environmental protection is a critical issue that affects every aspect of our lives. The environment provides us with the resources we need to survive, and it is our responsibility to ensure that we use these resources ina sustainable manner. Unfortunately, many individuals and organizations prioritize their short-term interests over the long-term health of the planet, which has resulted in significant environmental degradation.One of the main challenges in addressing environmental protection is the lack of awareness among individuals. Many people are unaware of the impact that their actions have on the environment and do not take steps to reduce their carbon footprint. Therefore, it is essential to increase public education and awareness campaigns to encourage individuals to take action and make a positive impact onthe environment.Governments also play a crucial role in addressing environmental protection. Governments have the power to enact policies and regulations that promote sustainable practices and reduce environmental pollution. However, the effectiveness of government policies depends on their enforcement. Governments need to ensure that individuals and organizations comply with environmental regulations and take action against those who violate them.In addition to individuals and governments, organizations also have a responsibility to protect the environment. Businesses, in particular, have a significant impact on the environment through their operations and supply chains. Therefore, businesses need to adopt sustainable practices and reduce their environmental impact. This can include reducing waste, using renewable energy sources, and implementing environmentally friendly production processes.Overall, environmental protection is a complex issue that requires the cooperation and collaboration of individuals, governments, and organizations.While progress has been made in recent years, there is still much work to be done to ensure the long-term health of the planet. It is essential that we all take responsibility for our actions and work together to create a sustainable future for generations to come.。
考研英语黄皮书四篇阅读真题词汇汇总1997年卷
考研英语黄皮书四篇阅读真题词汇汇总1997年卷黄皮书真题词汇1997年text 1 0717 Take a vote 进行表决legal authority 合法当局incurably ad. 不能治愈地take the lives of…结束…的生命measure n 措施、方法convincing a 令人信服的，有说服力的flash v 飞快的掠过flash back 回溯、回顾pick up sth 见到、听到（尤指借助仪器）举起；学会；得（病）；买到某物；收集某物；吸取某物；发现某物；half a world away 在地球的另一端executive director 执行理事、常务董事society n 社团、协会send sth on 把……发布到……on-line service 在线服务post v 发布、公布bulletin n 公告import n 重要性、意义take a while 花费一些时间sink in 被完全理解，被充分意识到leave sb doing sth 使某人处于不停做某事的状态physician n 医生citizen n 市民alike ad. 同样地、两者都implication n 含义、暗示breathe sighs of relief 如释重负attack the bill 抨击这项法案haste n 匆忙、仓促passage n （法案的）通过tide is unlikely to turn back 潮流无法逆转an aging population 老龄化人口life-extending technology 寿命延长技术community attitude 公众态度play one’s part 发挥……的作用make a law 制定一项法律gather strength 积蓄力量request n 要求deadly a 致命的injection n 注射put an end to 结束……suffering n 痛苦diagnose v 诊断terminally ad. 临终地，晚期地cooling off 冷静certificate n 证明meet one’s wish 满足某人的愿望resident n 居民get on with living 继续生活the haunting feat 挥之不去的恐惧terrifying a 可怕的from a spirtual point of view 从精神层面的角度看fight for 为……而战斗、而挣扎claw at 抓、撕、挠mask n 面具、面罩1997年text 2 0731 courteous a 有礼貌的to be fair 说实话，公平地说observation n 评论，言论small-minded a 小心眼的rude a 粗鲁的ill-mannered a 态度恶劣的comment n 意见、解释、评论、批评for a long period time 长久以来break v 暂停、间歇otherwise ad. 否则、不然dull a 枯燥无味的existence n 生活、生活方式dullness n 枯燥loneliness n 寂寞distant from 远离one another 彼此、互相source n 来源diversion n 消遣、娱乐the harsh realities 严酷现实hospitality n 好客、殷勤turn to 向……求助cabin n 木屋settlement n 定居点charitable a 慷慨的，慈善的impulse n 突如其来的念头、凭冲动行事1997年 text3 0801technicallyad. 确切的说、严格的说 other than而非 functionv 运转、工作（n 功能） mistakenlyad 错误地 termn 词或词组、术语、说法harshnessn 艰难、严酷 in the situation处于……的情况 chairtableoriganization慈善机构 specializ in专门从事 away from远离 tourist trails旅游路线 travel through旅游经过 get talking with和……谈话 pretty soon不久 amazinga 令人惊讶的 uncommona 不寻常的 friendlinessn 亲近、友善 interpretv 领会、理解 superficiala 表面的、肤浅的 artificiala 虚假的、矫揉造作的 as the result of作为……的结果 historically developed历史上形成的 weary adj 疲倦的casual a 非正式的、不经意的 reported v 发出srong v 盛行 ……be true of sth/sb对某人、某物也同样成立 a set of一套 assumptionn 假想 conventionn 习俗、惯例 undetliev 构成……的基础（不能用于不定式） interrelationshipn 相互关系 not necessarily未必、不一定 patternn 模式、方式 draw a conclusion得出结论=arrive at/come to a brief encounter短暂的邂逅 distinguishv 分辨 valuev 重视 except from期望从……得到 fail to 无法yet 不过refer to 涉及、提到、说到到某人某物some sort of 某种illegal a 非法的chemical n 化学药品drug addict 吸毒成瘾的人substance n 物质alcohol n 酒tobacco n 烟草neutral a 中立的、公平的abuse n 滥用instead of 而非……make clear that 把……弄清楚cacaine n 可卡因pervasive a 无处不在的，遍布的（超纲词）quiet a headache 缓解头痛sociable a 友好的，好交际的get going 保持活力nerves n 神经紧张socially ad 社会上地acceptable a 可接受的apparently ad 明显地constructive a 有益的、积极的misuse v 滥用first of all 首先take …in excess 过量服用poisoning n 中毒intense a 剧烈的，强烈的perceptual a 知觉的repeated use of 重复使用mark v 表示，指明tolerance n 抗药性produce the desired effect 产生预期效果withdrawal n 解毒过程、脱瘾过程symptom n 症状discontinue v 停止mood n 情绪be known as 作为……而为人所知group v 分类stimulant n 兴奋剂depressant n 镇定剂initially ad 最初地，首先地speed … up 加速distort v 扭曲in a variety of ways 以各种各样的方式mind-manifestation n 心灵显现radically ad 极端地、彻底地one’s state of consciousness 某人的意识状态1997年text4 0802 contribute v 促成了某事（文中：引起了）moral decline 道德沦丧accomplish v 完成，实现career n 职业、事业senator n 参议员executive n 经理、管理人员corrupt v （使）腐化、堕落a 腐化的，堕落的threaten v 威胁、构成威胁soul-searching n 反省issue n 重要的议题corporate a 公司的bottom line 底线at the core of 在……的中心（指人：焦点人物）chairman n 董事会主席late a 已故的take over 接替、接任on the …front 在……的方面、领域、范围under pressure to do sh 做……有压力mountainous a 巨大的cable n 有线电视deal n 交易sell off 贱价卖掉，property n 财产restructure v 重建、改组、调整结构investor n 投资人impatiently ad 不耐烦地flap n 大众批评make life easier for sb 使某人日子好过一点defend v 捍卫、保卫grounds 原因，理由（说、做、相信某事的）under fire for doing sth 做……受到攻击release v 发行violent a 暴力的outlet n 发泄的出路（精力、强烈情感等）journal column 报刊专栏lie in 在于latitude n 自由（行动、意见的）disputable a 质疑的、争辩的irritating a 令人愤怒的retreat v 撤退in the face of 面对comment on 对……进行评论back off 放弃stand n 立场to some extent 在某种程度上verse n 句、节（诗或歌的）stockholder n 股东assert v 清楚而有力地表明（某事物）为事实、声称、断言cite v 引用balanced struggle 平衡的关系launch a drive 发动一项行动、运动develop standards for 为……设立标准label v 描述某人某事，将某人某事归类potentially ad 潜在的，可能地objectionable a 令人反感的board n 董事会be supportive of 支持strategy n 策略insider n 局内人在这方面表达某人的担忧show one’s concern in thismatterunlimited a 无限制的1997年text5 0804 steer v 操纵、控制、引导a touch on the brakes 踩刹车sound like 听上去像precise a 精确的nothing could be further from the truth 大错特错（事实远非如此）(两者)之间的联系the linkbetween,,,and,,,interest rate 利息率inflation n 通货膨胀uncertain a 不确定的variable a 变化无常的，易变的lag n 时间差（尤指行动与效果之间的）policy changes 政策改变hence ad 因此、所以analogy n 类比、类推liken v 显示两事物的相像blacken v 涂黑windscreen n 挡风玻璃cracked a 破碎的、破裂的rear-view-mirror 后视镜faulty a 有缺陷的streeing wheel 方向盘disadvantage n 缺点central banker 中央银行家boast v 自夸of late 最近、近来average a 平均的industrial economy 工业经济（文中指工业国）close to 接近slightly ad 轻微地、稍微地double-digit rates 两位数的比率forecaster n 预测者panel n 小组poll v 对……进行调查as a wholl 作为一个整体a flash in the pan 昙花一现over the past couple of years 在过去的几年里lower than expected 比预想的低be surprised by…为……感到震惊favourable a 有利的conventional a 传统的measure n 计量制、度量法productive slack 生产萧条capacity n 生产量、生产能力utilization n 利用、使用hit high levels 达到高水平jobless rate 失业率estimate n 估计take off 起飞mild a 缓和的、温和的thrilling a 令人兴奋的defective a 有缺陷的，有瑕疵的argue v 说理、争辩、说明up-end v 颠倒、推翻economic models 经济模式。
1997年考研英语第四篇阅读
1997年考研英语第四篇阅读分为三个主要部分，主要内容是关于技术和收入之间的关系。
以下文章根据这一主题进行分析和讨论。
一、文章概述1.1 介绍文章的背景和主题1997年考研英语第四篇阅读讨论了技术和收入之间的关系。
文章主要观点是技术的发展会对人们的收入水平产生影响。
1.2 分析文章的结构文章分为三个部分：第一部分陈述了技术的影响，第二部分分析了技术对收入的影响，第三部分结论部分总结了全文的主要观点。
二、技术的影响2.1 技术对生产力的提升文章指出，技术的发展会提高生产力，使得人们的劳动效率得到提高。
这一点从历史上的工业革命和现代的信息技术革命都可以得到印证。
2.2 技术对就业的影响随着技术的发展，很多传统行业的工作岗位被自动化和机械化所替代，这可能会导致部分劳动者失业。
然而，与此新兴的技术行业也会带来更多的就业机会。
三、技术对收入的影响3.1 技术创新对高技能人才的需求随着技术的不断进步，对高技能人才的需求也在不断增加。
这些人才通常拥有更高的学历和技术能力，他们能够从技术创新中受益，并因此获得比较高的收入。
3.2 技术对低技能劳动者的影响相对而言，低技能劳动者可能会因为技术发展而受到影响，他们的就业机会可能会减少，收入水平也会受到挑战。
这可能会导致社会的收入差距加大。
四、结论部分4.1 技术的发展对收入水平有着不同的影响从文章的分析可以看出，技术的发展对人们的收入水平有着不同的影响。
对于高技能人才来说，技术的发展会带来更多的机会和晋升的空间，他们能够从技术中获得更高的收入。
而对于低技能劳动者来说，技术的发展可能会带来就业机会的减少和收入水平的下降。
4.2 政府应对技术发展采取相应的政策针对技术发展可能带来的社会问题，政府需要采取相应的政策措施。
如对于失业的低技能劳动者，可以通过再培训和转岗等方式来减轻其就业压力，从而减少社会的不稳定因素。
1997年考研英语第四篇阅读通过对技术和收入之间关系的探讨，让我们更多地关注了技术的发展对社会的影响，为我们思考未来的发展方向和政策提供了一定的参考。
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--1997年part4
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--1997年part4Part FourNo company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?" At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It's a self examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt, which will increase to 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. "The test of any democratic society," he wrote in a Wall Streel Journal column, "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairmanwas backing off his hard line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the "balanced struggle" between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. "Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited," says Luce. "I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this."13. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for _____.A） its raising of the corporate stock price B） its self examination of soulC） its neglect of social responsibility D） its emphasis on creative freedom14. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A） Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.B） Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.C） Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.D） Steve Ross is no longer alive15. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman _____.A） stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expressionB） softened his tone and adopted some new policyC） changed his attitude and yielded to objectionD） received more support from the 15 member board16 . The best title for this passage could be _____.A） A Company under Fire B） A Debate on Moral DeclineC） A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture D） A Form of Creative FreedUnit 4 （1997）Part 4重点词汇：1.corrupt （腐败的v.贿赂）即cor+rupt，cor-一起，rupt词根"打破"，"全部被糖衣炮弹打破了"。
97年考研英语阅读
97年考研英语阅读1997年的考研英语阅读部分，对于当时的考研学子来说，无疑是一个不小的挑战。
那一年的阅读材料涵盖了广泛的主题，从社会现象到科技发展，从文化差异到经济问题，这些内容不仅考验了考生的英语语言能力，更是对他们综合知识水平的一次全面检验。
在那一年的考研英语阅读中，有一篇文章特别引起了考生的注意。
这篇文章讨论了当时社会中普遍存在的一个问题——信息过载。
随着互联网的兴起和信息技术的快速发展，人们开始面临前所未有的信息量。
文章指出，虽然获取信息变得更加容易，但如何有效地筛选和处理这些信息，成为了一个亟待解决的问题。
作者通过一系列的例证和分析，提出了几种可能的解决方案，包括提高信息素养、建立更加智能的信息过滤系统等。
另一篇阅读材料则聚焦于全球化对经济的影响。
文章通过对比不同国家的经济数据，分析了全球化如何促进了国际贸易和资本流动，同时也指出了全球化可能带来的问题，如经济不平等和文化同质化。
考生在阅读这篇文章时，不仅需要理解复杂的经济术语和概念，还需要对全球化的趋势有自己的见解和思考。
在那一年的考研英语阅读中，还有一篇文章探讨了科技发展对人类生活的影响。
文章提到了计算机、互联网和移动通信技术的发展，如何改变了人们的工作方式和生活习惯。
作者强调，虽然科技带来了便利，但也引发了对隐私保护和网络安全的担忧。
文章呼吁人们在享受科技带来的便利的同时，也要对可能的风险保持警惕。
1997年的考研英语阅读，不仅要求考生具备扎实的英语阅读能力，还要求他们对时事有所了解，能够对阅读材料中提出的问题进行深入的思考和分析。
这些阅读材料的难度和深度，无疑为考生的考研之路增添了不少挑战，但同时也为他们提供了一个展示自己综合能力的平台。
通过这样的阅读练习，考生不仅能够提高自己的英语水平，还能够增强自己的批判性思维和分析问题的能力。
1997考研英语第四篇
1997考研英语第四篇（原创版）目录1.考研英语的重要性2.1997 年考研英语第四篇的特点3.文章的结构和主旨4.文章的价值观和启示正文一、考研英语的重要性在我国，考研英语一直是许多学生追求更高学位的必经之路。
作为全国硕士研究生入学考试的重要组成部分，考研英语的成绩直接影响着考生能否顺利进入理想的高校继续深造。
因此，对于广大考研学子而言，掌握好考研英语的知识体系和应试技巧显得尤为重要。
二、1997 年考研英语第四篇的特点1997 年考研英语第四篇文章在历年试题中具有较高的代表性。
该篇文章在题型设置、题目分布和考查重点方面都较为典型，为考生提供了很好的复习参考。
这篇文章主要考查了考生的阅读理解、翻译、完形填空等能力，通过解答该篇文章，考生可以全面了解自己的英语水平，并为提高考研英语成绩制定针对性的复习计划。
三、文章的结构和主旨1997 年考研英语第四篇文章主题为“环境保护与可持续发展”，全文围绕这一主题展开论述。
文章首先介绍了环境问题的严重性，接着阐述了可持续发展的理念，最后探讨了如何在保护环境的前提下实现可持续发展。
通过这篇文章，考生可以学到很多有关环保和可持续发展方面的知识，并对这一全球性的课题有更深刻的认识。
四、文章的价值观和启示1997 年考研英语第四篇文章传递了保护环境、实现可持续发展的价值观。
这一价值观对于当今世界具有重要的现实意义，因为环境问题已经成为全球性的挑战，各国都在努力寻求在保护环境的同时实现经济发展的可持续性。
对于广大考研学子而言，学习这篇文章不仅可以提高自己的英语水平，还可以增强环保意识和可持续发展观念，为自己的未来发展奠定坚实基础。
总之，1997 年考研英语第四篇文章具有很高的参考价值，考生可以通过学习这篇文章全面了解自己的英语水平，并为提高考研英语成绩制定针对性的复习计划。
1997考研英语第四篇
1997考研英语第四篇The sun was just beginning to set as I stepped out of the library, the weight of the day's study pressing down on my shoulders. The year was 1997, and the gauntlet of the graduate entrance examination loomed over me like a specter. The fourth essay in the English section had been a beast, a labyrinth of complex sentences and obscure vocabulary that felt like a maze with no clear exit.I had spent hours poring over the text, dissecting each paragraph, trying to grasp the nuances of the author's argument. The essay was on the impact of globalization on local economies, a topic that was both timely and deeply complex. It was a dance of ideas, a challenge to my understanding of the world and my ability to articulate my thoughts in a language that was not my own.As I walked across the campus, the autumn leaves crunching under my feet, I couldn't help but reflect on the journey that had brought me to this point. The decision to pursue a graduate degree had not been an easy one. It was a leap of faith, a commitment to years of study and sacrifice. But it was also a dream, a dream of contributing to the world of academia, of making a difference through knowledge and research.The fourth essay had been particularly poignant. It spoke of the struggles of small businesses in the face of globalcompetition, of the cultural homogenization that came withthe spread of multinational corporations. It was a mirror reflecting the world I was about to step into, a world where the local was often overshadowed by the global.My pencil had raced across the page, trying to capture my thoughts before they could escape. I had woven my arguments with care, using the evidence from the text to support my points. But as I reviewed my work, I couldn't shake the feeling that I had missed something, that there was a deeper understanding waiting to be uncovered.The campus was quiet, the hustle and bustle of the day giving way to the tranquility of evening. Students were few and far between, each one a孤岛 (island) of solitude, wrapped up in their own thoughts and ambitions. I felt a kinship with them, a shared sense of purpose that transcended ourindividual pursuits.As the last light of day faded, I made my way to thesmall café that had become my refuge during this grueling process. The warm glow of the lights and the aroma of fresh coffee were a welcome respite. I ordered my usual, a black coffee to fuel the night ahead.Sitting by the window, I opened my notebook to the essay once more. The words were familiar now, but they still held secrets I was determined to uncover. I knew that the road to understanding was a marathon, not a sprint, and I was prepared to run the distance.The year 1997 would be remembered for many things, butfor me, it was the year of the fourth essay, a testament to the challenges and the rewards of the academic pursuit. It was a year that shaped not only my understanding of the world but also my resolve to contribute to it in my own small way. And as I sat there, pen in hand, ready to dive back into the text, I knew that I was exactly where I was meant to be.。
1997考研英语阅读理解答案
1997考研英语阅读理解答案（1997）Part 1重点词汇：•parliamentary（议会的，国会的）• A parliament is nothing less than a big meeting of more or less idle people.议会无非是多少有些懒散的人们的一个大聚会。
•incurably（不可治地） a incurably disease 不治之症。
•turn back 逆转，往回走。
•euthanasia（安乐死）•domino（多米诺骨牌）用谐音记。
•diagnose （v.诊断）•certificate ?（证书•objection（反对）•sink in 被了解；•cool off 使冷静。
试题解析：1. 【正确答案】[D]2. 【正确答案】[B]3. 【正确答案】[A]4. 【正确答案】[C]全文翻译：凌晨3:45进行了最终表决。
经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区（澳北州）成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
这一法案是以令人信服的15票对10票通过。
几乎同时，该消息就出现在互联网上。
身处地球另一端的加拿大死亡权利执行主席约翰•霍夫塞斯在收到该消息后便通过协会的在线服务“死亡之网”发了公告。
他说：“我们整天都在发布公告，因为这件事的意义不在于它是在澳大利亚发生的事情，而是因为这是世界历史的一件大事。
”要充分理解这一法案的深刻意义可能需要一段时间。
澳北州晚期病人权利法使得无论是内科医生还是普通市民都同样地力图从道义和实际意义两方面来对待这一问题。
一些人如释重负，另一些人，包括教会，生命权利组织以及澳大利亚医学会成员都对这一决议及其仓促的通过进行了猛烈的抨击。
但这一潮流已无法逆转。
在澳大利亚，人口老龄化，延长寿命技术和公众态度的变化都发挥着各自的作用。
其他州也将考虑制定类似的法律来处理安乐死问题。
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①No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation.②“Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked TimeWarner executives last week.1 ③“You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”cor rupt[a]腐败的 corrupt officials rupt ure使破裂[v]使堕落→败坏threaten 危及④At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990.the latest 最近的manifestation表现 manifest明显的ever since 自从⑤It′s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.self-examination 自我反省at various times 在不同时代①At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in1992.2 core 核心要点 At the core of sth. is…处在sth.核心的是…take over 接任the late＋人：已故的xx②On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company′s mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close.On the financial front 在财政方面under pressure 承受压力raise stock price 使股价升值mountainous debt 巨额债务电缆cable=cable TV 有线电视deals close [n]交易谈妥③He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.sell off 出售restructure [v]重组property 资产 private property私人财产 the right to intellectual property 知识产权①The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him.flap [v/n]拍打→大众批评lap 一圈、轻拍②Levin has consistently defended the company′s rap music on the grounds of expression.3 consistently 一贯on the grounds of…以…为由expression 表达形式defend 捍卫③In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T′s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet.be under fire for…因…受到严厉的批评release 发行violent 暴力的deserve 应得→应有outlet 便利店/出口→宣泄途径④“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won′t retreat in the face of any threats.”column 专栏test 检验democratic 民主的lie not in … but in…不在于…而在于…the widest possible 尽可能最大的latitude 纬度→范围disputable 有争议的dispute[v/n] contro ver sydebate contro ver sialirritating 愤怒的 irri t ate 使恼怒irri g ate 灌溉We won′t retreat in the face of any threats. 但我们不会在任何威胁面前退却。
re treat = withdraw 撤退[n/v] withdraw al①Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent.back off 放弃one′s hard line stand 坚定/强硬的立场to some extent/degree 某种程度上②During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month′s stockholders′ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of soc iety′s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.verse脚本 version版本→说法脱销out of stock股东stockholder=shareholder 股票交易stock exchange股市波动stock market swings/fluctuationscite 举例子③But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.balanced struggle保持平衡struggle [v/n]努力发起launch=initiate launch a drive/campaign 开展一场运动develop 制定 fashion conservation measuresdistribution 发行 production+distribution 制作与发行distribute 分布/分配/分发label [n/v]标签、标识为 lab=laboratorypotentially 可能地objectionable 令人反感的 objectify 使客观化、使具体化物体、反对 object to异议、反感 objection to opposite 相反的oppose to opposition to对于可能令人反感的音乐，公司将发起一场运动去制定发行和标识的标准。
4①The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy.individual 个体、个人member 成员、会员team 团队board 董事会panel 专家组society 协会 Red Cross Society 红十字会 clubs and societies社团scientific communityreligious communityhealth research communityacademic communitysupport = be supportive offavor = in favor of[n/v]支持corporate strategy 经营策略②But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter.insider 内部人士 insidious 隐蔽的sb.show one′s concerns in this matter sb.对此事表示担忧③“Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimit ed,” says Luce.for many，many years 很多很多年来Amendment 修正案 amend [n/v]修订be not totally unlimited 并非毫无限制④“I think it is perhaps the case{that some people[associated with the company]}have only recently come to realize t his.”I think it is perhaps the case that 我想情况可能是这样的A associated withB ：和B有关的A现在完成时 xxx have only recently come to realize this. xxx直到最近才逐渐认识到这一点。