构词法在英语阅读理解词义猜测中的运用[课件]
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高考英语总复习—构词法优质课件
高考英语总复习—构词法优质课件一、教学内容本节课的教学内容选自《高考英语总复习》教材的第五章“词汇与构词法”部分。
详细内容包括词根、词缀的识别与理解，常见前缀、后缀及其意义，以及构词法的实际运用。
二、教学目标1. 掌握常见的前缀、后缀及其意义，提高词汇理解和应用能力。
2. 学会运用构词法知识，扩大词汇量，提高英语阅读和写作能力。
3. 培养学生自主学习和合作学习的能力，提高解决问题的策略。
三、教学难点与重点教学难点：词缀的识别与运用，构词法的实际应用。
教学重点：常见前缀、后缀的掌握，以及通过构词法提高词汇量。
四、教具与学具准备教具：PPT课件、黑板、粉笔。
学具：笔记本、教材、词典。
五、教学过程1. 导入：通过展示一组单词，引导学生观察并发现它们之间的联系，引出构词法的学习。
2. 新课内容：讲解词根、词缀的概念，结合教材例词，分析前缀、后缀及其意义。
3. 实践活动：分组讨论，让学生找出更多具有相同词缀的单词，并进行分享。
4. 例题讲解：选取典型的高考题型，讲解构词法在阅读和写作中的应用。
5. 随堂练习：设计有针对性的练习题，让学生及时巩固所学知识。
六、板书设计1. 构词法概念2. 常见前缀、后缀及其意义3. 构词法在高考中的应用七、作业设计1. 作业题目：根据所学内容，找出5个带有前缀、后缀的单词，并写出它们的意思。
答案：略答案：略八、课后反思及拓展延伸本节课通过讲解构词法，帮助学生提高了词汇理解和应用能力。
课后，教师应关注学生的学习反馈，及时调整教学方法。
同时，鼓励学生利用构词法自主拓展词汇，提高英语水平。
拓展延伸：推荐学生阅读英语词汇学相关书籍，深入了解词汇的起源与发展。
重点和难点解析1. 教学难点与重点的确定。
2. 实践活动的设计与实施。
3. 例题讲解的策略。
4. 作业设计的针对性与拓展性。
5. 课后反思与拓展延伸的实际应用。
详细补充和说明：一、教学难点与重点的确定构词法的教学难点在于学生对词缀的识别与运用，以及如何将构词法知识应用于实际的语言环境中。
高三英语专项校公开课阅读理解猜测词义演示文稿
anything smaller than your elbow in your ear.
What does a “swab” mostly probably mean?_____ Ａ
A.something soft, small and used in clinics B. something hard, long and used at home C. something thin, wet and like an elbow D. something safe, big and like a toy
第10页，共39页。
Example3
1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.
词义：________ 2. Mr. S傲m慢ith的loves to talk, and his wife is similarly
第11页，共39页。
Pracitce3:
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in
the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. (2012全国II)
What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer
What does a “swab” mostly probably mean?_____ Ａ
A.something soft, small and used in clinics B. something hard, long and used at home C. something thin, wet and like an elbow D. something safe, big and like a toy
第10页，共39页。
Example3
1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.
词义：________ 2. Mr. S傲m慢ith的loves to talk, and his wife is similarly
第11页，共39页。
Pracitce3:
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in
the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. (2012全国II)
What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer
阅读理解专题——推理判断题(词义猜测+推断隐含意思)+课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
这类试题主要是要求考生推断隐含意义，有时也会 要求考生评价文本中的相关人物及事物、推断文章出处、 识别语篇类型，以及推断文中人物或组织的观点态度等。
推断隐含意思
推断隐 含意思
要求 推断言外之意或弦外之音 常含infer(推断), suggest, imply
题干 常有can, could, probably, likely等
练习：名师指津P108 （四）
My mom's annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.
than, on the contrary, on the other hand等
考点4：作出判断和推理
这类试题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行 逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的 趋势。这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要组 成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。 每年每套题通常会有 4～6 题。
练习：名师指津P108 （四） Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would label me the “Jewish kid”.
推断隐含意思
推断隐 含意思
要求 推断言外之意或弦外之音 常含infer(推断), suggest, imply
题干 常有can, could, probably, likely等
练习：名师指津P108 （四）
My mom's annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.
than, on the contrary, on the other hand等
考点4：作出判断和推理
这类试题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行 逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的 趋势。这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要组 成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。 每年每套题通常会有 4～6 题。
练习：名师指津P108 （四） Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would label me the “Jewish kid”.
高中英语构词法精品课件
编号：__________ 高中英语构词法精品课件年级：___________________老师：___________________教案日期：_____年_____月_____日高中英语构词法精品课件目录一、教学内容1.1 构词法的基本概念1.2 词根、前缀和后缀1.3 合成词和派生词1.4 词类转换1.5 实例分析二、教学目标2.1 知识与技能2.2 过程与方法2.3 情感态度与价值观三、教学难点与重点3.1 难点3.2 重点四、教具与学具准备4.1 教具4.2 学具五、教学过程5.1 导入5.2 新课导入5.3 课堂活动5.4 练习与巩固六、板书设计6.1 构词法基本概念板书6.2 词根、前缀和后缀板书6.3 合成词和派生词板书6.4 词类转换板书6.5 实例分析板书七、作业设计7.1 作业内容7.2 作业要求7.3 作业评价八、课后反思8.1 教学效果评价8.2 教学方法改进8.3 学生反馈与改进措施九、拓展及延伸9.1 相关知识点拓展9.2 构词法在实际应用中的拓展9.3 构词法相关练习与活动教案如下：一、教学内容构词法是英语学习中的重要组成部分，它包括词根、前缀和后缀，合成词和派生词，以及词类转换等。
通过学习构词法，学生可以更好地理解和运用英语单词，扩大词汇量，提高语言表达能力。
二、教学目标（一）知识与技能1. 学生能够理解构词法的基本概念。
2. 学生能够区分和运用词根、前缀和后缀。
3. 学生能够识别和创造合成词和派生词。
4. 学生能够灵活运用词类转换。
（二）过程与方法1. 学生通过实例分析，掌握构词法的应用。
2. 学生通过课堂活动，提高英语听说读写能力。
（三）情感态度与价值观1. 学生培养对英语学习的兴趣。
2. 学生树立正确的语言学习观念。
三、教学难点与重点（一）难点1. 构词法的理解和运用。
2. 合成词和派生词的识别和创造。
（二）重点1. 词根、前缀和后缀的掌握。
2. 词类转换的运用。
2023届高三英语二轮复习之猜测词义的技巧课件
(adj. 大的)
因果关系 信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so,
therefore, so…that, such…that, thus
Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. 弹性的
---猜测词义
Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话 题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从 中获取相关信息。考生应能：
１、理解主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ３、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； ４、作出判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图，观点和态度。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
was sure that he was innocent of the theft.
无辜的
3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义 词、近义词（词组）或相似的 结构猜测词义。
Cleaning up waterways is an enormous
task .The job is so large, in fact, that the
因果关系 信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so,
therefore, so…that, such…that, thus
Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. 弹性的
---猜测词义
Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话 题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从 中获取相关信息。考生应能：
１、理解主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ３、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； ４、作出判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图，观点和态度。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
was sure that he was innocent of the theft.
无辜的
3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义 词、近义词（词组）或相似的 结构猜测词义。
Cleaning up waterways is an enormous
task .The job is so large, in fact, that the
高三英语复习课件：阅读理解之词义猜测题型解题技巧课件
(adj. 易碎的, 脆的)
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(n. 牧羊人)
2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词
以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。
表示对比的词有 but while however otherwise unlike instead on the other hand 等等
Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got near． (n. 猫头鹰) A．a bird B．an animal C. a star
3）The children are looking at an ape.
A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree
stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ____. 5. The word “ ...” in Paragraph 3 is closest
in meaning to_____
猜 测 词 义
1. Definition 定义法 2. Contrast 对比法 3. Similarity 相似法 4. Cause and effect 因果法 5. Example 例举法 6. Word Formation 构词法 7. Context 上下文 8. Common Sense 普通常识
That museum is so immense that it will be
impossible to see all the exhibitions in one
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(n. 牧羊人)
2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词
以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。
表示对比的词有 but while however otherwise unlike instead on the other hand 等等
Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got near． (n. 猫头鹰) A．a bird B．an animal C. a star
3）The children are looking at an ape.
A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree
stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ____. 5. The word “ ...” in Paragraph 3 is closest
in meaning to_____
猜 测 词 义
1. Definition 定义法 2. Contrast 对比法 3. Similarity 相似法 4. Cause and effect 因果法 5. Example 例举法 6. Word Formation 构词法 7. Context 上下文 8. Common Sense 普通常识
That museum is so immense that it will be
impossible to see all the exhibitions in one
【高考英语阅读理解公开课】---猜测词义课件(共4个课件)
large
[典例] (2019·北京卷 )Phytoplankton(浮游植物) lives at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. ...But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow...
Statistics on the type of guessing meanings of words
Year
2019
2018
2017
全国卷Ⅰ 1(单词stumbles的含义)
1(单词 dominant的 2(代词that的含义； 短语the
含义)
water catcher的含义)
全国卷Ⅱ
2(代词I的含义；短语tug at 1(短语a juicer的含
many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and
Chinese are increasingly taking over.
29．Which of the following best explains “dominant”in paragraph 2?
field(n.场地 ) field vt.运用=employ(使用，运用)
[典例] (2019·北京卷 )Phytoplankton(浮游植物) lives at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. ...But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow...
Statistics on the type of guessing meanings of words
Year
2019
2018
2017
全国卷Ⅰ 1(单词stumbles的含义)
1(单词 dominant的 2(代词that的含义； 短语the
含义)
water catcher的含义)
全国卷Ⅱ
2(代词I的含义；短语tug at 1(短语a juicer的含
many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and
Chinese are increasingly taking over.
29．Which of the following best explains “dominant”in paragraph 2?
field(n.场地 ) field vt.运用=employ(使用，运用)
高考英语阅读理解-猜测词义课件(共31张PPT)
It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily.
(adj. 易碎的, 脆的)
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(adj. 巨大的;极大的)
4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推 测结果，从结果推测原因。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
(adj. 大的)
5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例 猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。
Today young couples often spend lots of
their money on appliances, for instance,
逗号后的or water给出了irrigate的准确含义，即“灌溉” 的意思。
washing machines, refrigerators and
color televisions.
(n. 电器用具)
• 方法6：
Using word formation
（构词法）
6. Guessing the meaning
unbelievable
prefix (前缀）
(adj. 易碎的, 脆的)
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(adj. 巨大的;极大的)
4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推 测结果，从结果推测原因。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
(adj. 大的)
5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例 猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。
Today young couples often spend lots of
their money on appliances, for instance,
逗号后的or water给出了irrigate的准确含义，即“灌溉” 的意思。
washing machines, refrigerators and
color televisions.
(n. 电器用具)
• 方法6：
Using word formation
（构词法）
6. Guessing the meaning
unbelievable
prefix (前缀）
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unconditional: 无条件的，绝对的
nonjudgmental: 没有判断力的
二、合成法（Compounding）
把两个或两个以上独立的词合成 一个新词。
highway
waiting-room kind-hearted
For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs.
由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀 （suffix）构成新词。
一、派生法（Derivation） undisinimmisnon-
否定前缀
understand polite smoker agree fair visible
Some important prefixes: Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 1. over- : too much overwork , ____________ The trains are overeat overcrowded on Friday evenings. (crowded) above sth; across overcoat, overhead
The word “nonrecyclables” probably means?
A.nonrecycling papers recycle v. 使再循环，回收利用
recyclable
B.things that can not be recycled
C.anything can be recycled nonrecyclable things n. 不能回收利用的东西 D.recyclable
What does the word “shoplifter” mean?
shop+lifter A.商店里的小偷
shoplifter B. 商店里的推销员 Word Formation
C.商店里的老客户n. lifter
构词法
D.商店里的搬运工 小偷
巧用构词法原则帮助解答 阅读理解中的猜测词义题
三、转化法（ Conversion ）
He is a man with broad shoulders.
由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。
n.
We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time. v. take/bear
So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths, and think of something that gives you pleasure…Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upsets you.(2004NMET)
英语构词法在高考中的应用
• 本课要点：1.各类词性的正确使用及转化 • 2.运用构词法知识猜测语境中词的语义 • 3.通过理解和掌握构词法扩大词汇量
• 考情分析： • 1. We drank together and talked _____ (merry) till far into the night.( 07 高考) • 2.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course.( 08 高考) • 3.But Jane knew from past experience that her __ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.( 09高考) • 4.His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.(10 高考)
Never trouble trouble until
trouble troubles you.
四、缩略法（ Abbreviation ）
DV
Digital Video
Most Valuable Player Save Our Ship World Wide Web
MVP
SOS WWW
1…It would be easy for someone to
派生法（Derivation）
able unable; teach teacher
合成法(Compounding)
space+ship 构词法 visit v. spaceship visit n.
DIY
转化法（Conversion）
缩略法（Abbreviation）
Do it yourself.
4….My teenage son Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him, but the more I tried, the more he pulled away.(2004 NMET) A.preferred to stay at home with- draw back alonewithdrawn” , By saying “Karl became B.lost interest in that the boy the author meanshis studies withdrawn 退缩，（在社交场合或 changed entirely and _________. C.refused to talk to others 情绪方面）变得冷漠 D.began to dislike his mother
mispresent himself on line because you can’t see him. Thus someone who says that “she is a 12-year-old girl.”could really be an old man.
What does the word “mispresent ” mean?
He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely. 2.en- 动词前缀 enable, endanger, Reading can ______ your life.(rich) enrich
Some important suffixes:
-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, able, -less, -en等 sharpen a pencil sharp adj. sharpen v. __________________ strengthen strength bright
A.Making a wrong judgment or badly missth. is done wrong about
B.Understanding somebody wrongly
presenng description of D.Forming a wrong opinion about
• 英语构词法主要有三种方法： • 一．.合成(Compounding):由两个或更多的词合成一个词 • eg. house( 房子)+ wife( 妻子)----housewife(家庭主妇) • 二. 转化(Conversion):由一个词类转化为另一个词类: • eg. water ( n.)水 --- water ( v.)浇水 • 三. 派生(Derivation): 通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词: • eg. happy---- unhappy 加前缀一般不改变原词的 ，只改变 其 。 • happy---- happiness 加后缀改变了原词的 •
weightlifting
…Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …
brighten _____________
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET)
Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. …At any rate, my love for Rachel remained without result. We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army. I was sent overseas during the war. For a time we wrote, and her letters were the highlight of those terrible endless years.