高中英语阅读理解-巧解词义猜测题
高三英语复习：阅读理解之词义猜测题型解题技巧课件
3. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a
room near the office where he works.
5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例提示 词。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。
Today young couples often spend lots of
their money on appliances, for instance,
5. The old woman has a strange habit to
keep over 100 cats in her house. Her
neighbor all call her an eccentric lady.
A. 爱猫的动物保护主义者
6. In many countries there are two financial
寻定义
找关系
三
读例子
锁两句
字
同近反
经
文逻辑
构词法
断词义
1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义 解释 概念、 定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。
It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily.
extremes, from penury to great wealth.
高中英语阅读理解精析精练-猜测词义
命题点4 猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。
即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。
如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。
据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。
因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。
任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。
NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。
但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。
此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. The underlined sentence, means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。
(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。
(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy. 2.破折号后而的内容是对value 一词的具体解释。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧1 猜测词义S t e p I L e a d -i n1).高考真题再现One morning, however, I found its bed empty. My doll was gone! I cried for it. Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing had been sent to a hospital. It had a fever. For several days, I heard Mum and Dad whispering such words as “hopeless ”,“pitiful,”and “dying ”which sounded ominous. (2012.重庆)57. What does the underlined word “ominous ” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Impossible.B. Boring.C. Difficult.D. Fearful.It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath-perhaps not so noticeably out in mid –ocean,but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach. It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences,too; unimaginable quantities of creatures,little and large alike,mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of sub-ocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.(2013.重庆)70.What does the underlined word “symbiotic ” mean?A.Living together.B.Growing fast.C.Moving harmoniously.D.Breathing peacefully. 2).词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1. T h e w o r d “…” r e f e r s t o / p r o b a b l y m e a n s . / c o u l d b e s t b e r e p l a c e d b y ___. 2.T h e w o r d “…” i s m o s t l i k e l y t o m e a n ______. 3. W h a t d o y o u t h i n k t h e e x p r e s s i o n “…” s t a n d s f o r ? 4. T h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d “…” m e a n s ______. ...... S t e p II I n t r o d u c t i o n 1. D e fi n i t i o n 定义法 2. C o n t r a s t 对比法 3. S i m i l a r i t y 相似法4. C a u s e a n d e f f e c t 因果法5. E x a m p l e 例举法6. W o r d F o r m a t i o n 构词法7. C o n t e x t 上下文8. C o m m o n S e n s e 普通常识1. D e f i n i t i o n 定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。
2024届高三英语复习：阅读理解之词义猜测题型解题技巧课件
microwave (微波) mispronouce (发错音) nonsmoker (非烟民) eastwards (向东)
7. Context 上下文：利用语境及前后文的 提示。
1) He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.
of the rivers and lakes which have been
polluted.
(adj. 巨大的;极大的)
4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推测结 果，从结果推测原因。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. (adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例提示 词。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。
Today young couples often spend lots of
their money on appliances, for instance,
寻定义
找关系
三
读例子
锁两句
字
同近反
经
文逻辑
构词法
断词义
1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义 解释 概念、 定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。
高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题
√C. Strong D. interesting
What skills have we learnt?
1.通过对比和比较找出反义词，近义词 来猜测词义（synonym，antonym）
脆的
4.定义法
解题技巧四：
根据 定义（definition）来猜 测词义
常用提示词：that is，be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.
skill4
1.) The young man was bashful that he did not dare to speak to the pretty girl.
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
2.根据因果关系猜测词义（cause and effect）
3.根据 定义来猜测词义（definition）
4.根据 构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词义
5.根据 列举的事例来猜测词义 （example）
6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义（context）
1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies .
高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题技巧高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题技巧导语：阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
下面就由小编为大家介绍高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题技巧，大家一起去学习吧！猜测词义题解题技巧在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。
这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。
这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。
事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。
我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
这种题常见的提问方式有：The word “…” in paragraph … can best be replaced by … ….The underlined word “…” most probably means ….By saying “…”, the author means …The expression “…” is closest to …According to the passage, the phrase “…” suggests …The underlined part “… …” (in Para. … ) means …..做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。
因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。
猜测词义时，一般可利用以下三个方面的线索：一．针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。
这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。
1．根据定义（definition）猜测词义如果生词有一个句子或段落来定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧得阅读者得天下。
要想在高考中得到高分，就必须提高阅读理解的得分率。
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的必考题型，而且利用文章所提供的语境来猜测生词的含义是阅读的必备技能之一。
跟着店铺一起来看如何破解这类题吧!【高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧】词义猜测能力是一项重要的英语阅读技能，同时也是上海高考英语卷对考生阅读能力进行检测的一个重要方面。
综观近几年的上海高考英语阅读理解题，我们可以发现，词义猜测的命题形式大体有以下三个层面：1.猜测一个单词的语境意义，如(上海高考66题)：What does the word “epic” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?2.猜测一个词组的含义，如(上海高考66题)：According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who...3.对具体语境下的特定句子的猜测，如(上海高考73题)：By saying “It could be your grandchildren’s stamp”, Mr Saunders means that forever stamps...【解题技巧】1. 利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜测词义在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义、近义或反义的词语或语句，此时可以通过熟悉的词语以及它们之间的关系来推知生词在文段中的含义。
2. 利用定义或解释猜测词义有些阅读中的生词，尤其是新闻报道及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子。
常见的提示词(语)有to be, to do, that is, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean, inother words等，有时也以同位语(从句)、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来引出。
高考英语阅读理解——词意猜测题解题技巧攻略学习课件
What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean? C
A. Tested B. Separated C. Forced out D. Tracked down
12
eg4…all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. (2018▪全国卷Ⅰ▪C)
●指代派：The word “...” refers to ...
7
2. 解题步骤
定位线索 推测词义 选择
8
3. 词义类解题方法
1. 上下文
指代关系、定义或释义、同位关系、逻辑关系、上下文 信息、同义或反义关系 、举例
2. 构词法（转化；合成；派生）
9
高考真题赏析
eg1. Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues
make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高中英语阅读理解- 巧解词义猜测题考查“不明身份”的代词指代代词指代题要求考生依据语境的逻辑关系，判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物、无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them（指代人、物、事件的复数名词），he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this ，that ，these ，those 等在文章中的指代意义，以考查考生对文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。
解答代词指代题时，我们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后邻近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清其来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。
In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations —UNESCO and National Geographic among them have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that__tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakersand Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.33 ．What does “that tradition ” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Having full records of the languages.B. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language users.D. Living with the native speakers.【分析】A 根据画线词上一段的内容可知，有很多学者一直致力于对快要绝迹的语言和文化的记录工作。
再结合画线词所在句可知，耶鲁大学的Mark Turin 也在做这件事，即记录语言，防止语言的消失。
考查“熟词生义”的单词词义英语单词的含义丰富、搭配灵活，一些熟词在不同的语境或不同的搭配中有不同的含义，而这些含义与其本义有时没有密切的联系，这就需要我们结合语境来推断其含义；有时这些单词的新义既体现了其基本含义，又有迁移与拓展。
在解答此类词义猜测题时就要求我们将单词的本义和语境有机地结合起来，综合考虑，然后准确推断其在特定语境中的含义。
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all hispapers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers...At last they had seen a half written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that daybut also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember theirkindness and often send a warm wish their way.23 ．What does the underlined word “restored ” in the last paragraph mean?A. Showed.B. Sent out.C. Delivered.D. Gave back.【分析】D restore 的含义是“恢复，使复原，修复”，但在本文的语境中，根据上文中的“ found ”、画线词后面的内容及故事情节的发展可知，此处指作者的丈夫找回了丢失的重要文件，因此give back “归还，还给”，符合语境。
考查“深奥难懂”的单词词义这种类型是最常见的词义猜测题的命题方式，考查考生猜测文章中某个生词或短语的含义，或考查该词能被哪个单词或短语代替。
此时我们可以借助下面这些方法来答题：1．“拆猜”并用解决问题阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。
此时可以用“拆猜”的方式，先把该词的各种词缀或前后两个合成部分拆开，再结合我们掌握的构词法知识，根据中心词的含义和词缀的含义猜测其意思。
Passenger pigeons （旅鸽） once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers...described flocks （群） so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons...making it perhaps the most abundant bird in theworld... was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.25 ．The underlined word “undoing ” probably refers to the pigeons' ．A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution【分析】B 画线词undoing 可分解为否定前缀un －和doing 。
画线词前面叙述了旅鸽数量很多，画线词后提到大量的旅鸽被杀害，结合否定前缀un －和选项看，该词的含义与ruin “毁灭”相近。
2．利用同义词、近义词猜词在单词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时考生可从熟悉的词语中推测其含义。
3．利用反义词猜词对比是描述、说明事物的常用方式。
在对比中，对比的事物有可能是相反的，因此可以根据反义关系推测其含义。
4．利用上下文语境猜词考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义。
5．利用定义或解释猜词释义是对单词以定语（从句）、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明的方式。
有些文章，特别是科研报告类的文章，通常会给一些关键词下定义，考生可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。
6 ．利用例证猜词为了进行说明或证实，文章中经常会举例，用来列举说明前面较难理解的词，这些例子可帮助考生猜测单词词义。
举例时，常常会用一些表列举的词，如：such as, like, for example, for instance 等。
7．利用复述或同等关系猜词为了强调某个观点或把某事叙述得更明白，作者有时会运用不同语句来复述同一概念，这时考生可以利用这些重复叙述的语句和表达形式的变化来猜测词义。
虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使考生猜出单词词义。
只要我们找出其中一个或几个词或短语，便可确定同等关系中单词的词性、作用和大概的意思。
8．利用词义搭配、关联猜词任何一个单词在句子中总是与其他词相关联的，考生可以通过这些前后的关联来猜测单词的词义。
9．利用语义转折猜词有时作者为了增强表达效果，在文章中会用一些表示转折意思的连词、副词或短语，如：though, although, but, yet, instead, however, while, rather than 等，考生可以根据转折的语境猜测词义。
考查句意理解考查句意理解的试题一般因为句式复杂、意义含蓄而出现在长难句中。
对于这种试题，考生应该认真阅读原文，特别是画线句子的上下文，准确理解作者的观点，尤其是对特定的人、物、事件的褒贬观点，以准确推断语句的含义。
Sampal's story began in 2011, when she was accidentally caught by fishermen in the waters off South Korea. However, instead of letting her go, the men sold her to an aquarium. Here, she was placed in a small pool where she spent her days performing tricks for visitors.Sampal_was_not destined_to_spend_her_life_in_captivity. Shocked by the conditions she was living in, South Korean animal advocates began to help her get free.32 ．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sampal didn't like spending her life in a pool.B. Sampal would have to lose her freedom.C. Sampal's life was brought back to normal.D. Sampal would certainly be helped by people.【分析】D 前面谈到Sampal 被捕捉之后的命运，画线句子后说到韩国动物保护者开始展开营救工作，因此选 D 项，她肯定会得到人们的帮助。