林肯第二次就职演说 Abraham Lincoln's Second__ Inaugural Address
林肯第二次就职演说-精品文案范文
林肯第二次就职演说林肯第二次就职演说*second inaugural address by abraham lincoln march 4, 1865 #林肯第二次就职演说（1865年3月4日） fellow-countrymen: at this second appearing to take the oath of the presidential office there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper. now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations have been constantly called forth on every point and phase of his great contest which still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. the progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, i trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. with high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured. on the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. all dreaded it; all sought to avert it. while the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving teing delivered from thisurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war-seeking to dissolve the union and divide effects by negotiation. both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came. one-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the union, but localized in the southern part of it. their slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. all knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. to strengthen, perpetuate, and extend thisinterest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the union even by war, while the government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration, which it has already attained. neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with or even before the conflict itself should cease. each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. both read the same bible and pray to the same god, and each invokes his aid against the other. it may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just god's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged. that of neither has been answered fully. the almighty has his own purposes. "woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must need be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense comet." if we shall suppose that american slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of god, must needs come, but which, having continued through his appointed time, he now wills to remove, and that he gives to both north and south this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern there in any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living god always ascribe to him? fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away? yet, if god wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago so still it must be said "the judgments of the lord are true and righteous altogether." with malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as godgives us to see the might, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. 各位同胞：在这第二任就职的宣誓典礼上，不必像在第一任的时候那样做一个长篇的演说。
亚伯拉罕 林肯 就职演讲
亚伯拉罕林肯--连任就职演说（1865年3月14日）同胞们：在这第二次宣誓就任总统时，我不必像第一次那样发表长篇演说。
对于将要执行的方针稍作详尽的说明似乎是恰当而适宜的。
现在，4年任期已满，对于这场仍然吸引着全国关注并占用了全国力量的重大斗争的每一重要关头和方面，这4年间已不断地发布公告，因此我没有什么新情况可以奉告。
我们军队的进展是其他一切的主要依靠，公众和我一样都清楚地了解军队的情况，我深信，大家对此都是感到满意和鼓舞的。
我们对未来抱有极大的希望，但却不敢作出任何预测。
4年前我就任总统时，同胞们的思想都焦急地集中在日益迫近的内战上。
大家都害怕内战，都想避免内战。
当我在这个地方就职演说，竭尽全力想不经过战争来拯救联邦时，叛乱分子却在这个城市里图谋不经过战争来毁灭联邦——企图以谈判方式解放邦并分割财产。
双方都表示反对战争，但一方宁愿发动战争也不愿让国家生存，而一方则宁可接受战争也不肯让国家灭亡，于是战争就爆发了。
我国全部人口的八分之一是黑人奴隶，他们并不是遍布于联邦各地，而是集中在联邦南部。
这些奴隶构成了一种特殊的、重大的利益。
大家都知道，这种利益由于某种原因竟成了这次战争的根源。
叛乱者的目的是加强，永保和扩大这种利益，为此他们不惜用战争来分裂联邦，而政府却只是宣布有权限制这种利益的地区和扩大。
双方都没有料到战争竟会达到如此规模，历时如此长久。
双方也没有预期冲突的根源会随着冲突本身而消除，甚至会提前消除。
各方都期望赢得轻松些，期望结局不至于那么涉及根本，那么惊人。
双方同读一本《圣经》，向同一个上帝祈祷，而且都乞求上帝的帮助来与对方为敌。
看来十分奇怪，居然有人敢要求公正的上帝帮助他们从黑人脸上的汗水中榨取面包，但是我们且勿评论别人，以免被人评论。
双方的祷告不可能都应验。
也没有一方的祷告全部得到应验。
全能的上帝有他自己的意旨。
“这世界有祸了，因为将绊倒，绊倒人的事是免不了的，但那绊倒人的有祸了。
”如果我们设想美国的奴隶制按照天意必然来到的罪恶之一，并且在上帝规定的时间内继续存在，而现在上帝要予以铲除，于是他就把这场可怕的战争作为犯罪者应受的灾难降临南北双方，那么，我们能看出其中有任何违背天意之处吗？相信上帝永存的人总是把天意归于上帝的。
A Rhetorical Analysis of Second Inaugural Address by Abraham Lincoln林肯第二次就职演讲的修辞分析
A Rhetorical Analysis of Abraham Lincoln’s Second InauguralAddressAbstract: Abraham Lincoln delivered his second inaugural address on March 4, 1865, during his second inauguration as president of the United States. This address is planned; it is adapted to his audience; it is shaped by Lincoln’s motives; it seeks persuasion. Lincoln made full use of argument, appeals, arrangement, and aesthetics which are four resources of symbols assisting the goal of persuasion. Thus it is categorized as rhetoric. This thesis makes a rhetorical analysis of Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address.Key words:Abraham Lincoln’s second inaugural address, rhetoric, analysis1. IntroductionThe custom of delivering an address on Inauguration Day started with the very first Inauguration—George Washington's—on April 30, 1789. After taking his oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City, Washington proceeded to the Senate chamber where he read a speech before members of Congress and other dignitaries. Every President since Washington has delivered an Inaugural address. While many of the early Presidents read their addresses before taking the oath, current custom dictates that the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court administer the oath first, followed by the President's speech. Today, Presidents deliver their Inaugural address on the west front of the Capitol, but this has not always been the case. Until Andrew Jackson's first Inauguration in 1829, most Presidents spoke in either the House or Senate chambers. Jackson became the first President to take his oath of office and deliver his address on the east front portico of the U.S. Capitol in 1829. With few exceptions, the next 37 Inaugurations took place there, until 1981, when Ronald Reagan's swearing-in ceremony and Inaugural address occurred on the west front terrace of the Capitol. The west front has been used ever since.Abraham Lincoln delivered his second inaugural address on March 4, 1865, during his second inauguration as president of the United States. At a time when victory over the secessionists in the American Civil War was within days and slavery was near an end, Lincoln did not speak of happiness, but of sadness. Some see this speech as a defense of his pragmatic approach to Reconstruction, in which he sought to avoid harsh treatment of the defeated South by reminding his listeners of how wrong both sides had been in imagining what lay before them when the war began four years earlier. Lincoln balanced that rejection of triumphalism, however, withrecognition of the unmistakable evil of slavery, which he described in the most concrete terms possible. This address is planned, adapted to his audience, shaped by Lincoln’s m otives, responsive to a situation and persuasion-seeking. Especially he made full use of argument, appeals, arrangement, and aesthetics including metaphor, allusion, and consonance.2. The characteristics of Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address2.1It is planned―Regardless of the goal at which it aims, r hetorical discourse involves forethought or planning‖ (Herrick, 2005, P.8). This address was planned before Lincoln addressed to his countrymen rather than improvisational. From the pictures on Wikipedia, we can see that Lincoln stood in the center, with papers in his hand during addressing.2.2 It is adapted to an audience―Rhetoric is planned with audience in mind. Audience should not be understood strictly in the traditional sense of a large group of people seated in rows of chairs in a large hall‖ (Herrick, 2005, P.8). At the beginning of the address, Lincoln pointed out hi s audience ―Fellow-countrymen‖ that were not only the audience around him, but also other Americans who were not present at the scene. ―Rhetorical discourse, then, forges links between the rhetor’s views and those of an audience. This means attending to an audience’s values, experiences, beliefs, social statues and aspiration‖(Herrick, 2005, P.8). His address was mainly about The Civil War, which the Americans was suffering and worrying about. Another apparent example is he mentioned many times of God and Bible.Most Americans believed in God, so his audience could understand the address easily. ―The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging t o all.‖Through this sentence, we can see that all Americans including Lincoln held the same belief that the North would won, and he ensured success because their arms were strong. The same experience, belief, and confidence about their success were forged between Lincoln and his audience.2.3 It reveals Lincoln’s motives―In rhetoric we find people acting symbolically in response to their motives, a general term taking in commitments, goals, desires, or purposes that lead to action. Rhetors address audiences with goals in mind, and the planning and adaptationprocesses that mark rhetoric are governed by the desire to achieve these goals‖(Herrick, 2005, P.8). At the end of the address, Lincoln expressed his motives as a president of United States that experienced the Civil War. ―With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.‖The North and the game in their hands. He called on all Americans ―let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.‖2.5 It seeks persuasion―Rhetorical discourse is usually inten ded to influence an audience to accept an idea, and then to act in a manner consistent with that idea.‖(Herrick, 2005, P.12).Arguments, appeals, arrangements, and aesthetics are four resources of symbols assisting the goal of persuasion.2.5.1Argument―An argument is made when a conclusion is supported by reasons. An argument is simply reasoning made public with the goal of influencing an audience‖ (Herrick, 2005, P.13). Most Americans believes in God; God is almighty. In his address, Lincoln quoted many times of God and Bible to make his argument more persuasive, such as ―Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other.‖ ―It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged.‖ ―That of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purpos es‖ and so on. In the second paragraph Lincoln began the shift in substance and tenor that would give this address its remarkable meaning. He employed several rhetorical strategies that guided and aided the listener. First, Lincoln's approach was to emphasize common actions and emotions. In this paragraph he used "all" and "both" to include North and South. Second, Lincoln used the word "war" nine times. The centrality of war is because the word appears in every sentence. Previously war had been used as the direct object, both historically and grammatically, of the principal actors. In his speech, however, war became the subject rather than the object. The second paragraph concludes, "And the war came." In this brief, understated sentence, Lincoln acknowledged that the war came in spite of the best intentions of the political leaders of the land. When Lincoln introduced the Bible, early in the third paragraph, he entered new territory in presidential inauguraladdresses. Before Lincoln there were eighteen inaugural addresses delivered by fourteen presidents. Each referred to God or the deity. The Bible, however, had been quoted only once.2.5.2 Appeals―Appeals are those symbolic strategies to elicit an emotion or to engage the audience’s loyalties or commitments‖(Herrick, 2005, P.1). Slavery was the direct reason of the Civil War, and African-Americans were the firm supporters of the war, so Lincoln said ―One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war‖ to arouse African-Am ericans’ commitments to the United States. He was opposed to Slavery and God was on his side―If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him?‖ His determination won all African-Americans’ support.2.5.3 Arrangement―Arrangement refers to the planned ordering of a message to achieve the greatest effect, whether of persuasion, clarity or beauty‖(Herrick, 2005, P.14).At the beginning of the address, Lincoln stated that it was the second time for him to take the oath of the Presidential office; then he introduced the war; he used God and Bible to support his determination –getting rid of Slavery; at last he called all Americans to reconstruct their country. He put the most important part, his appeal, at the end, to make his audience more impressive and emotional. Of course, he made it."Mr. Lincoln, that was a sacred effort." So spoke Frederick Douglass ①soon after he heard Lincoln’s second inaugural address.2.5.4 Aesthetics―The aesthetics of rhetoric are elements adding form, beauty, and force to symbolic expression‖ (Herrick, 2005, P.14). Lincoln engaged in aesthetic resources of①Frederick Douglass(born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, c. February 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American social reformer, orator, writer and statesman. After escapingfrom slavery, he became a leader of the abolitionist movement, gaining note for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writing.language in a traditional way to make his speech more beautiful and thus more moving and memorable. ―Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray , that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass awa y‖,in this sentence, ―pray‖rhymes with―away‖; he compared the chaos resulted from the war to―mighty scourge‖, and this metaphor which clearly informed people the consequences of the war added vividness to his speech. Parallelism is also obvious in this address, such as ―All dreaded it, all sought to avert it‖and ―Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray‖.Lincoln wondered what God’s will might have been in allowing the war to come, and why it had assumed the terrible dimensions it had taken. He endeavored to address some of these dilemmas, using allusions taken from the Bible. These words ―wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces‖ is an allusion to the Fall of Man in the Book of Genesis. As a result of Adam's sin, God tells Adam that henceforth "In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return" (Gen. 3:19, King James Version). Lincoln's phrase, "but let us judge not, that we be not judged," is an allusion to the words of Jesus in Matthew 7:1, which in the King James Version reads, "Judge not, that ye be not judged." Lincoln quotes another of Jesus' sayings: "Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must needs be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense cometh." Lincoln's quoted language comes from Matthew 18:7 in the King James Bible; a similar discourse by Jesus appears in Luke 17:1 in the King James Bible. The quotation "the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether" is from Psalm 19:9 in the King James Bible.The original is ―The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring for ever: the judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether.‖3. ConclusionAbove all, Lincoln’s second inaugural address is categorized as a typical rhetoric not only it is planned, adoptive to his audience, and shaped by his motives, persuasion seeking, but also he used a perfect persuasion mode which is revealed by arguments, appeals, arrangements, and aesthetics. As a rhetorical discourse, it was a surprisingly brief but profound reflection on the meaning of the Civil War that speculated on the purposes of God to help reunite the country.The Inaugural address plays a very important role in the inauguration and term of office of American presidents. It shows the new president’s intention and confidenceand i nspires people to move forward under new leadership. The inaugural addresses are regarded as rhetorical discourses and analyzed many times by linguistists, of course including Lincoln’s second inaugural address. This thesis analyze s it from the perspective of its characteristics as a rhetorical discourse. Finally I hope that the thesis would be helpful to those who are interested in rhetoric, inaugural addresses, and even politics.BibliographyJames A. Herrick (2005). The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction (2nd ed.). Allyn & Bacon 2005. 8—14Abraham Lincoln's second Inaugural Address. Retrieved May, 12, 2013 from /wiki/Abraham_Lincoln's_second_inaugural_addressLincoln’s “Almost Sacred Effort”: The Second Inaugural Address. Retrieved May, 12, 2013 from/groups/literacy/blog/2013/03/04/lincolns-almost-sacred-eff ort-the-second-inaugural-address。
林肯第二次就职演说
三一文库（）/演讲致辞/英语演讲稿林肯第二次就职演说*SecondInauguralAddressbyAbrahamLincolnMarch4, 1865#林肯第二次就职演说（1865年3月4日）Fellow-Countrymen:Atthissecondappearingtotaketheoathofthepreside ntialofficethereislessoccasionforanextendedadd ressthantherewasatthefirst.Thenastatementsomew hatindetailofacoursetobepursuedseemedfittingan dproper.Now,attheexpirationoffouryears,duringw hichpublicdeclarationshavebeenconstantlycalled forthoneverypointandphaseofhisgreatcontestwhic hstillabsorbstheattentionandengrossestheenergi esofthenation,littlethatisnewcouldbepresented. Theprogressofourarms,uponwhichallelsechieflyde pends,isaswellknowntothepublicastomyself,anditis,Itrust,reasonablysatisfactoryandencouraging toall.Withhighhopeforthefuture,nopredictioninr egardtoitisventured.Ontheoccasioncorrespondingtothisfouryearsagoal lthoughtswereanxiouslydirectedtoanimpendingciv ilwar.Alldreadedit;allsoughttoavertit.Whilethe inauguraladdresswasbeingdeliveredfromthisplace ,devotedaltogethertosavingteingdeliveredfromth isurgentagentswereinthecityseekingtodestroyitw ithoutwar-seekingtodissolvetheUnionanddivideef fectsbynegotiation.Bothpartiesdeprecatedwar,bu toneofthemwouldmakewarratherthanletthenationsu rvive,andtheotherwouldacceptwarratherthanletit perish,andthewarcame.One-eighthofthewholepopul ationwerecoloredslaves,notdistributedgenerally overtheUnion,butlocalizedinthesouthernpartofit .Theirslavesconstitutedapeculiarandpowerfulint erest.Allknewthatthisinterestwassomehowthecaus eofthewar.Tostrengthen,perpetuate,andextendthi sinterestwastheobjectforwhichtheinsurgentswoul drendtheUnionevenbywar,whiletheGovernmentclaimednorighttodomorethantorestricttheterritoriale nlargementofit.Neitherpartyexpectedforthewarth emagnitudeortheduration,whichithasalreadyattai ned.Neitheranticipatedthatthecauseoftheconflic tmightceasewithorevenbeforetheconflictitselfsh ouldcease.Eachlookedforaneasiertriumph,andares ultlessfundamentalandastounding.Bothreadthesam eBibleandpraytothesameGod,andeachinvokesHisaid againsttheother.Itmayseemstrangethatanymenshou lddaretoaskajustGod'sassistanceinwringingtheir breadfromthesweatofothermen'sfaces,butletusjud genot,thatwebenotjudged.Thatofneitherhasbeenan sweredfully.TheAlmightyhasHisownpurposes."Woeu ntotheworldbecauseofoffenses;foritmustneedbeth atoffensescome,butwoetothatmanbywhomtheoffense comet."IfweshallsupposethatAmericanslaveryison eofthoseoffenseswhich,intheprovidenceofGod,mus tneedscome,butwhich,havingcontinuedthroughHisa ppointedtime,Henowwillstoremove,andthatHegives tobothNorthandSouththisterriblewarasthewoeduet othosebywhomtheoffensecame,shallwediscernthere inanydeparturefromthosedivineattributeswhichthebelieversinalivingGodalwaysascribetoHim?Fondl ydowehope,ferventlydowepraythatthismightyscour geofwarmayspeedilypassaway?Yet,ifGodwillsthati tcontinueuntilallthewealthpiledbythebondsman's twohundredandfiftyyearsofunrequitedtoilshallbe sunk,anduntileverydropofblooddrawnwiththelashs hallbepaidbyanotherdrawnwiththesword,aswassaid threethousandyearsagosostillitmustbesaid"Theju dgmentsoftheLordaretrueandrighteousaltogether. "Withmalicetowardnone,withcharityforall,withfir mnessintherightasGodgivesustoseethemight,letus striveontofinishtheworkwearein,tobindupthenati on'swounds,tocareforhimwhoshallhavebornethebat tleandforhiswidowandhisorphan,todoallwhichmaya chieveandcherishajustandlastingpeaceamongourse lvesandwithallnations.各位同胞：在这第二任就职的宣誓典礼上，不必像在第一任的时候那样做一个长篇的演说。
【名人演讲】比尔·克林顿：第二次总统就职演说
【名人演讲】比尔·克林顿：第二次总统就职演说第二次总统就职演说（美国）比尔·克林顿1997年1月20日同胞们：藉此二十世纪最后一届总统就职演说之际，让我们睁开眼睛迎接下一世纪我们将面临的挑战。
所幸的是，时间和机遇不仅将我们置身于一个新世纪的边缘，一个新的千周年，而且将我们置身于人类事业一个崭新新的、光辉的边缘——一个决定我们未来数十年方向和地位的时刻。
我们必须使我们古老的民主永葆青春。
在“希望之乡”这一古老憧憬的指引下，让我们着眼于新的“希望之乡”。
美国的希望源于十八世纪一种无畏的信念：人生来皆平等。
在十九世纪，我们的国家横跨大陆，拯救了联邦，废除了恐怖的奴隶制的蹂躏，这一信念得以流传和扩展。
然后，在辛劳和胜利之中，这种希望奔上了世界的舞台，使本世纪成为美国的世纪。
这是怎样的一个世纪啊。
美国成为世界上最强大的工业大国，它把世界从两次世界大战和旷日持久的冷战的暴虐中拯救出来，并且一再向全球上百万像我们一样渴望自由赐福的人们伸出援助之手。
……同胞们，让我们建设这样的美国，一个永远前进，以充分发挥全民潜力的国家。
是的，我们必须保持繁荣强大。
但是，我们不能忘记：我们已取得的伟大成就，我们将取得的伟大的成就，就在人民心中。
到最后，整个世界的财富和千支军队都无法与人类精神力量和精神文明相匹敌。
三十四年前，有一个人，他的一生为我们今天所歌颂，他就在那边，在广场的另一端对我们演讲，他的话打动了国民的良知。
像是一个古时的预言家，他诉说着他的梦想：有一天美国终会站起来，在法律面前和人们心中所有公民都将得到平等对待。
马丁·路德·金的梦是美国之梦。
他的要求就是我们的要求，即不断努力实现我们生活信条。
我们的历史就建立在这样的梦想和努力上。
通过我们的梦想和努力，我们重赎二十一世纪美国的希望。
同胞们，我们不能浪费当前宝贵的时机。
因为我们大家都在生命的同一旅途上，我们的旅途会有终点。
但我们的美国之路必须走下去。
林肯第二次就职演讲(英文)
At this second appearing to take the oath of the presidential office there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper. Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations have been constantly called forth on every point and phase of his great contest which still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regardto it is ventured.On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it; all sought to avert it. While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving teing delivered from thisurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war-seeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came. One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. Their slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration, which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged. That of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes. "Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must need be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense comet." If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern there in any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray that this mighty scourge of war may speedily passaway? Yet, if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago so still it must be said "The judgments of the Lord are true and righteousaltogether."With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the might, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with allnations.。
克林顿的第二次就职演说
( 就职演讲稿)姓名：____________________单位：____________________日期：____________________编号：YB-BH-087938克林顿的第二次就职演说Clinton's second inaugural address克林顿的第二次就职演说克林顿的第二次就职演说（中英文对照）January 20, 1993, Inaugural Address of William J. Clinton (克林顿1993年就职演讲)My fellow citizens :(同胞们)Today we celebrate the mystery of American renewal.今天，我们庆祝振兴美国这件令人感到异常惊奇的事。
This ceremony is held in the depth of winter. But, by the words we speak and the faces we show the world, we force the spring. A spring reborn in theworld's oldest democracy, that brings forth the vision and courage to reinvent America.尽管这个仪式在隆冬举行，但是，我们所说的话，我们向全世界所显示的面貌，将促使春天的早日来临。
春天重新降临到这个世界上最古老的民主国家，它给我们带来了重新塑造美国的构想和勇气。
When our founders boldly declared America's independence to the world and our purposes to the Almighty, they knew that America, toendure, would have to change. Not change for change's sake, but change to preserve America's ideals; life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness. Though we march to the music of our time, our mission is timeless. Each generation of Americans must define what it means to be an American.当我们的缔造者们大胆地向全世界宣布美国的独立，向上帝宣布我们的目的时，他们知道，美国要长久地存在下去，就必须改革。
林肯第二次就职演说译文
林肯第二次就职演说译文篇一：林肯第二次就职演说的全文如下:同胞们,我在今天站在这里,向大家发表这篇演说,是因为我知道,我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们。
我们的国家曾经历了无数的痛苦和磨难,但我们有足够的勇气和智慧来克服这些困难。
我们需要一个领袖,一个能够为我们的国家和人民利益而战斗的领袖。
我们的国家曾经被背叛和破坏,我们失去了我们的自由和尊严。
但现在,我们需要更多的英雄来重建我们的国家,让我们重新找回我们的自由和尊严。
我们需要一个领袖,一个能够领导我们走向自由和民主的领袖。
我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们,因为我们的国家正在面临着各种挑战。
我们的社会和经济正在不断变化,我们需要一个领袖来适应这些变化,并为我们的国家提供新的希望和方向。
我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们,因为我们的国家需要更多的英雄来保护我们的文化和传统。
我们的文化和传统是我们人民的文化遗产,我们需要一个领袖来保护和传承这些文化遗产,并让我们的国家更加多元化和包容。
同胞们,我是一个公民,我有责任为我的祖国服务。
我相信,如果我们团结一心,如果我们共同努力,我们一定能够创造更加美好的未来。
让我们携手前行,为了我们的梦想和我们的祖国。
谢谢大家。
篇二：林肯第二次就职演说的译文如下:尊敬的联邦人民:我林肯,今天站在这里,代表联邦人民发表这篇就职演说,感到非常荣幸。
在过去的一年中,我们经历了许多挑战和困难。
我们的国家面临着分裂和危险,我们的人民面临着无数的痛苦和苦难。
然而,我相信,我们有一个强大的国家和一个伟大的人民,我们能够克服这些挑战,重振我们的国家,让我们的人民过上更加美好的生活。
我们的国家在过去几十年中取得了巨大的进步。
我们的人民通过团结合作,克服了许多困难和挑战。
我们建立了一个强大的国家,一个能够为我们的所有人民提供安全和繁荣的国家。
但是,我们需要继续保持我们的团结和合作,以便我们能够在未来取得更大的成就。
我们需要继续团结一致,为我们的国家和我们的人民创造一个更加美好的世界。
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Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural AddressFellow-Countrymen:At this second appearing to take the oath of the presidential office, there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. Then a statement, somewhat in detail, of a course to be pursued, seemed fitting and proper. Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations have been constantly called forth on every point and phase of the great contest which still absorbs the attention, and engrosses the enerergies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself; and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago, all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it—all sought to avert it. While the inaugeral address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the Union without war, insurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war—seeking to dissole the Union,and divide effects, by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war; but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive; and the other would accept war rather than let it perish. And the war came.One eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the Southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was, somehow, the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union, even by war; while the government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war, the magnitude, or the duration, which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with, or even before, the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible, and pray to the same God; and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered;that of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has his own purposes. "Woe unto the world because of offences! for it must needs be that offences come; but woe to that man by whom the offence cometh!" If we shall suppose that American Slavery is one of those offences which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South, this terrible war, as the woe due to those by whom the offence came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a Living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope—fervently do we pray—that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue, until all the wealth piled by the bond-man's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash, shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said "the judgments of the Lord, are true and righteous altogether"With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for hiswidow, and his orphan—to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations.林肯第二次就职演说（1865年3月4日）各位同胞：在这第二次的宣誓就职典礼中，不像第一次就职的时候那样需要发表长篇演说。
在那个时候，对于当时所要进行的事业多少作一详细的说明，似乎是适当的。
现在四年任期已满，在这段战争期间的每个重要时刻和阶段中－－这个战争至今仍为举国所关怀，还且占用了国家大部分力量－－都经常发布文告，所以现在很少有什么新的发展可以奉告。
我们的军事进展，是一切其它问题的关键所在，各界人士对此情形是跟我一样熟悉的，而我相信进展的情况，可以使我们全体人民有理由感到满意和鼓舞。
既然可以对将来寄予极大的希望，那么我们也就用不着在这一方面作什么预言了。
四年前在与此同一场合里，所有的人都焦虑地注意一场即将来临的内战。
大家害怕它，想尽了方法去避免它。
当时我正在这里作就职演说，竭尽全力想不用战争方法而能保存联邦，然而本城的反叛分子的代理人却没法不用战争而破坏联邦－－他们力图瓦解联邦，并以谈判的方法来分割联邦。