温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——824物理化学试题A

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【温州大学考研专业课真题】物理化学Ⅱ-2012

【温州大学考研专业课真题】物理化学Ⅱ-2012
E/V=1.0185-4.05×10-5(T/K-293)-9.5×10-7(T/K-293)2
在298K时,有2 mol电子的电量通过电池,求反应的 、 和 。
6、反应 A + 2B → D 的速率方程为–dCA/dt=kCACB,25℃时 k = 2×10-4dm3.mol-1.s-1。
① 若初始浓度 CA,0=0.02 mol.dm-3, CB,0=0.04 mol.dm-3, 求t1/2。
2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称:824物理化学Ⅱ(A卷)适用专业:应用化学
(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效!)
一、选择题(20分,每题2分)
1、理想气体的节流过程满足:
A、 <0B、 =0C、 =0 D、 >0
2、将H2O(l)变成同温同压的H2O(g),这时体系:
A、内能不变B、内能可能减少,也可能增加
第1页,共3页
6、按物体导电方式的不同而提出了第二类导体,对于它特点的描述,哪一点是不正确的?
A、其电阻随温度的升高而增大
B、其电阻随温度的升高而减小
C、其导电的原因是离子的存在
D、当电流通过时在电极上有化学反应发生
7、质量摩尔浓度为m的H2S04水溶液,其离子平均活度a±与平均活度系数γ±及m之间的关系是:
1、在绝热封闭的条件下,体系的△S数值可以直接用作过程方向性的判据,则△S= 0表示();△S>0表示( );△S<0表示( )。
2、NH4HS(s)放入抽空的瓶内发生分解:
分解反应达到平衡后,该体系的相数为( ),组分数为( ),自由度为( )。
第2页,共3页
3、质量作用定律适应()反应。
4、溶胶(一般指憎液溶胶)稳定的三种因素包括()、( )、( )。

温州大学考研历年真题之生物化学2013--2015年考研真题

温州大学考研历年真题之生物化学2013--2015年考研真题
D.乙酰CoA及FAD2H、NADH +H+
11.关于酮体的叙述,哪项是正确的?()
A.酮体是肝内脂肪酸大量分解产生的异常中间产物,可造成酮症酸中毒。
B.各组织细胞均可利用乙酰CoA合成酮体,但以肝内合成为主。
C.酮体只能在肝内生成,肝外氧化。
D.合成酮体的关键酶是HMG CoA还原酶。
12.从头合人氨中毒的根本原因是:( )
A.肠道吸收氨过量B.氨基酸在体内分解代谢增强
C.肾功能衰竭排出障碍D.肝功能损伤,不能合成尿素
22.下列关于σ因子的描述哪一项是正确的?()
A.RNA聚合酶的亚基,负责识别DNA模板上转录RNA的特殊起始点。
B.DNA聚合酶的亚基,能沿5′→3′及3′→5′方向双向合成RNA。
6.体内转运一碳单位的载体有____________。
7.人体内嘌呤核苷酸分解的终产物是_________。
二、选择题(每小题2分,共52分)
1.酶原之所以没有活性是因为:()
A.酶蛋白肽链合成不完全B.活性中心未形成或未暴露
C.酶原是普通的蛋白质D.缺乏辅酶或辅基
2.关于酶活性中心的叙述,哪项不正确?()
C、RNA指导的DNA聚合酶D、RNA指导的RNA聚合酶
20.下列关于遗传密码的描述哪一项是错误的?()
A、密码阅读有方向性,5端开始,3端终止。
B、密码第3位(即3端)碱基与反密码子的第1位(即5端)碱基配对具有一定自
由度,有时会出现多对一的情况。
C、一种氨基酸只能有一种密码子。
D、一种密码子只代表一种氨基酸。
3.脂肪酸的从头合成在__________进行,合成原料中碳源是_________,并以_________形式参与合成;供氢体是_________,它主要来自___________。

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——625分析化学试题A

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——625分析化学试题A
第 2 页,共 5 页
16、某混合物中,只含有下列四种物质,用热导池为检测器进行色谱分析,测 得数据如下,计算是醋酸乙酯的百含量为( ) 化合物 乙醇 正庚烷 苯 醋酸乙酯 5.00 9.00 4.00 7.00 色谱峰面积(cm2) 相对校正因子 f' 0.640 0.700 0.780 0.790 A、17.2% B、34.7% C、17.6% D、30.5% 17 、 pH 玻璃电极膜电位的产生是由于( ) A 、 H + 透过玻璃膜 B 、 电子得失 C、 H + 得到电子 D、 溶液中 H + 和玻璃膜水化层中的 H + 的交换作用 18 、在电位滴定中,以△ E/ △ V ~ V(E 为电位, V 为滴定剂体积 ) 作图绘 制滴定曲线,滴定终点为( ) A、△ E/ △ V 为零时的点 B 、曲线的最大斜率点 C 、曲线的最小斜率点 D 、曲线的斜率为零时的点 19 、在控制电位电解过程中,电流随时间( ) A、以直线方程的关系递增 B 、以指数方程的关系递增 C、以直线方程的关系衰减 D 、以指数方程的关系衰减 20 、 用 库 仑 滴 定 法 测 Ce 4+ 时 , 可 选 用 能 在 阴 极 产 生 滴 定 剂 的 物 质 为 ( ) A、 MnO 4B 、 BrO 3 C、 Fe 2+ D、 Fe 3+ 二、填空题(16 分,第 1 题每格 2 分,第 2、4、5 题每格 1 分,第 3 题 2 分。 ) 1、计算下列滴定的化学计量点: (1)用 0.1000 mol·L-1 NaOH 滴定 0.1 mol·L-1 HAc(pKb=4.74) (2)在 1 mol·L-1 HCl 中,用 0.1000 mol·L-1 Ce4+滴定 0.1 mol·L-1 Sn2+ 0 Sn / Sn 0.14V ) ( 0 Ce \Ce 1.28V (3)在 pH=4.2 时,用 0.02000 mol·L-1 EDTA 滴定 0.02 mol·L-1 Pb2+ 10.00 ) ( lg K PbY (4)用 0.1000 mol·L-1 AgNO3 滴定 0.1 mol·L-1 Br-(pKSP=12.30) 2、氧化还原滴定曲线的突跃范围与_______和 _______有关。 3、原子发射光谱定量公式为_____________,或__________________, 内标法的定量公式为____________________________。 4 、 在 火 焰 原 子 吸 收 中 , 导 致 吸 收 线 变 宽 的 主 要 因 素 是 __________ 和 ___________。

【温州大学考研专业课真题】高分子化学与物理2012

【温州大学考研专业课真题】高分子化学与物理2012
2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题A
科目代码及名称:823高分子化学与物理适用专业:高分子化学与物理
(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效)
一、选择题(每题2分,共计40分)
1.与有机小分子相比,聚合物主要特征()。
(A)特殊的结构(B)低分子集聚成高分子
(C)一个分子量很高的化合物(D)分子量不等的同系物混合物
2.在自由基链聚合反应中化学引发剂分解反应是()。
(A)一级(B)零级
(C)二级(D)三级
3.下列哪一个单体易发生阳离子链聚合()。
(A) CH2=CHCl (B) CF2=CF2
(C) CH2=CHCN (D) CH2=C(CH3)2
4.在共聚中,如果竞聚率r1=∞,表示( )。
(A)可均聚(B)可共聚
1.整个连锁聚合过程由、、等基元反应组成。
2.线性缩聚机理的特征为:和。
3.自由基聚合实施方法有、、、。
4.配位聚合往往经单体定向配位、络合活化、等过程,才形成立构规整聚合物。
5.聚合物的分子量常常具有统计意义,常用的分子量表示方法有、、
、。
6.描述高分子材料的力学行为时必须同时考虑、、、。
7.影响聚合物熔体粘度和流动性因素:、。
第1页,共3页
10.一般来讲,非晶态的聚合物的溶解过程是()。
(A)只溶解(B)先溶胀后溶解(C)只溶胀(D)先溶解后溶胀
二、名词解释(每题3分,共30分)
1.数均分子量;2.链段;3.自加速现象;4.活性聚合;5.反应程度;
6.悬乳聚合;7.屈服强度8.耗损模量9.玻璃化转变温度10.θ溶剂
三、填空题(每空1分,共20分,请将答案按顺序写在答题纸上,并标明题号)
5.从分子运动的角度说明非晶态与晶态聚合物的溶解特点。

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——621英语基础试题A

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——621英语基础试题A

2013年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题科目代码及名称:621英语基础适用专业:英语语言文学(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效)A卷Part One Blank-filling20%For each of the blanks in the following passage you are allowed to fill in only one word.Professor Bill Morse was my instructor for a seminar in John Milton during the first_1_-of my sophomore year at Holy Cross.Truth be told,I had no business_2_the upper-level class,and my presence there was largely due to a registrar mishap,_3_for some reason,Bill let me stay.I was scared that first day when he told us to_4_our chairs in a circle.You can’t hide in a circle.And_5_I looked around for someone who lived in my dorm,I quickly_6_I was outranked here.The fact that I was allowed to stay,_7_the ranking,inspired me.Perhaps Bill saw_8_in me during those first few classes.Or perhaps he noticed all the Post-it_9_and hi-lighting I had done in my Milton handbook.Regardless,his confidence in me was inspiring.I spent most of my days preparing for that weekly_10_.I read the assigned reading.I read the_11_reading.I read supporting texts and notable opinions.And then I began to_12_my own.I was the first to enter the circle each week and the last to leave_13_.My friends dreaded dinners in Kimball dining hall with me that year,because I would often ask them what they thought of the_14_of Eve and what it meant to them when she crouched by the river’s_15_to see her own_16_I asked them if they thought the theory of the dialectic could be applied to our own trivial lives, and if they felt more passionate_17_life when they thought about it within the_18_of dying.These questions proved to be table-clearing topics,and it’s quite surprising that I ended that semester with any friends at all. But I couldn’t_19_my enthusiasm.Professor Morse had triggered something in me.He had_20_an independence of thought that I hadn’t yet found in myself.Part Two Reading Comprehension40%When Wenzhou SneezesWenzhou is known for making shoes,buttons,eyeglasses,electric switches,water valves and 70%of the world's cigarette lighters.But its most famous product is entrepreneurs.(1)Hemmed in by mountains and with little arable land,this city on China's southeastern coast has relied on trade for centuries.Even in the Maoist era,when capitalism came under sustained and violent attack,private enterprise was never entirely extinguished there.So after China began market reforms in the late1970s,Wenzhou flourished."The Wenzhou Model"of small,low-costcompanies,and its businessfolk have invested across the country in everything from real estate to mining.The city is the locus and symbol of private enterprise in China.But in recent weeks,the reputation of Wenzhou's entrepreneurs has taken a serious hit.Dozens of factory bosses have fled(2)bad debts,and at least two have committed suicide.Part of the cause is the challenging operating environment for manufacturers.Demand from export markets like the U.S.and Europe is weak,wage and materials costs at home are rising,and China's currency,the renminbi,has been steadily(3)appreciating,making Chinese goods more expensive abroad."Orders have been down this year and last—that causes a lot of pressure,"says Cai Jianguo.He started his Wenzhou eyeglass company,Zhengshi Optical,with just$1,200and eight employees in1997.Today he has more than100employees churning out some30,000pairs of plastic frames a month,mostly for export.But he's(4)feeling the pinch."For small businesses like ourselves,survival itself is a big challenge."The main cause of Wenzhou's ills is far more explosive,however,and lies in the local tradition of private lending.Because Chinese banks prefer to lend to larger,state-owned enterprises that are ultimately backed by the central government,Wenzhou's entrepreneurs have long turned to one another for financing."Private lending and private enterprises are a natural couple,"says Hu Zhenhua,a professor of economics at Wenzhou University."One cannot exist without the other." That relationship has come under extreme strain.The central government's efforts to control inflation over the past year have restricted bank credit,(5)driving up the demand for underground loans even more.In Wenzhou,local investors,including a significant share of the town's businesses,have been chasing(6)hefty earnings through making private loans that have interest rates as high as60%.But such levels of return are unsustainable,and over the past month the credit market has collapsed.In a town where almost everyone has lent or borrowed through the informal networks,the pain has been severe.Wenzhou entrepreneurs'ability to access nonbank credit may have been one of the sources of the city's success,but it now threatens to bring the local economy down.And given the extent to which local entrepreneurs have invested throughout China,the shocks will likely be felt nationwide.Shanghai Daily calls the Wenzhou meltdown"China's subprime crisis."Cai's anxieties about(7)slim margins in the eyeglass business are almost mundane compared with those of another Wenzhou entrepreneur known as the Kid.(For his safety,he asked that his real name and some identifying details not be divulged.)The Kid is a private moneylender.Some would call him a loan shark.He pools money from local investors and loans it out to businesses that need cash.He started lending in2007with about$1million of his own,bank loans against family property and money from hundreds of investors.A year later,when the global financialcrisis hit,the Chinese government initiated a$586billion economic-stimulus package and ordered banks to flood the market with credit,all in an effort—ultimately successful—to keep the domestic economy(8)humming.But even amid that sea of credit,SMEs in places like Wenzhou still found it difficult to get bank loans because state enterprises were soaking up most of the money.For private firms,the stimulus was"like the rain that never reached the land—it was intercepted in mid-air,"the Kid says."So the land had to draw water from underground." That underground supply did not come cheap.The Kid made loans at2.5%monthly interest, or about34.5%annualized,far higher than the7%to8%charged to those getting bank loans. Things really took off for him over the past year as the central government tightened credit, raising benchmark interest rates and upping banks'reserve requirements."You've got an environment where growth for the past few years has been driven by almost limitless easy credit,"says Patrick Chovanec,an associate professor at Tsinghua University's School of Economics and Management in Beijing."When the People's Bank of China began to impose limits on credit in order to rein in inflation,that demand for limitless credit as a driver of GDP growth didn't go away."Rather than squelching the demand for credit,those actions shifted it to the informal market.For a while,business was very good for the Kid.His fund grew to$15million at its peak. Borrowers were paying back their debts quickly.In one week in May,for instance,the Kid took in nearly$8million in repaid loans and interest.Many of the borrowers were small-scale real estate developers who needed money to fund projects—but that's precisely why the Kid and others like him face problems now.Continued economic uncertainties and tighter mortgage policies have made property buyers increasingly cautious,and real estate sales have slowed dramatically.The people of Wenzhou"plowed their money into high-interest loans,"says Victor Shih,a political scientist at Chicago's Northwestern University who studies China's financial system."That was unsustainable because the high-interest loans went back into real estate projects.Eventually all of them will go bust."For Wenzhou exporters facing ever narrowing margins,the temptation to put money into high-interest,informal(9)syndicated loans has been especially high.Cai,the eyeglassmaker, resisted."I never wanted that kind of money,"he says."It was too dangerous."But many others went ahead.The government estimated earlier this year that60%of Wenzhou businesses and an astonishing90%of households were involved in some form of private lending.Problems began to really emerge in late summer,when some large borrowers stopped repaying.In September,Hu Fulin,president of Xintai Group,another eyeglass manufacturer,fled to the U.S.to escape some $300million in debts.He has since returned,but the situation remains dire—some90othercompany heads have absconded.The Kid collected about$3million in August and early September,but says he recovered a mere$50,000between late September and late October."Everyone is hoarding money,"he says. "Once they get it back,nobody lends it out again—not even to their closest friends."The Wenzhou bubble has burst.Everything appears normal in Wenzhou.The streets leading from the city center to the surrounding factory districts are jammed as usual with trucks and delivery vans,new Range Rovers and dilapidated Citroen taxis.Beneath the surface,however,a mad race to collect debts is under way.For much of October,the Kid says he slept only two or three hours a night as he pondered how to claw back(10)outstanding loans."If people could get their money back just by holding other people at gunpoint,there would have been a riot in Wenzhou,"he says."It seems calm on the surface,but the chaos is underneath."In early October,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited Wenzhou,where he ordered local banks to lend more and promised a crackdown on abusive underground lending.The local government has organized a$160million fund to help overstretched businesses,and the fund is likely to grow.The big issue,says Professor Hu,is what happens in January,ahead of the Chinese New Year, when Wenzhou's private lenders traditionally call in their outstanding loans.To come up with cash,indebted locals may unload real estate at discounted rates,which could truly burst the property bubble not just at home but also in Shanghai,Beijing and other cities where they have invested."Should the liquidity chain in Wenzhou collapse to spark either sell-offs in the property market or the cutoff of liquidity for manufacturing or mining,this local crisis could evolve into a national problem,"Xianfang Ren,Beijing-based senior economist for consultancy IHS Global Insight,wrote in mid-October.Still,Wenzhou accounts for just1%of China's GDP.Manufacturer Cai says he plans to keep on churning out eyeglass frames,despite his ever tightening margins."What else would I do?" he asks.And the Kid,if he can ever climb out of the massive hole he's dug,says he'll continue too."When the market recovers,I'll still be willing to put30%of my assets in private lending," he says."If a Wenzhou person has10million renminbi,he wouldn't deposit it all in the bank. He'd at least spend3.5million on some kind of investment.Wenzhou people aren't stupid."The rest of China fervently hopes so.Language Work(1)Explain the underlined parts above on the answer sheet(from number1--10)(20)(2)Explain the following two statements in relation to the article.(20)(a):“When Wenzhou Sneezes”(b):“Wenzhou people aren't stupid”Part Three Translation work40%Put the following passage into English.若遇着晴天,人的影子迅速地在路上移动着,好像看电影似的,非常有趣;雨天,路太坏了,不但感不到什么好处,而且非常恨这块地方。

温州大学823普通物理2007,2009--2018,2020年考研专业课真题

温州大学823普通物理2007,2009--2018,2020年考研专业课真题

2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题科目代码及名称: 818 普通物理 适用专业:物理学、学科教学(物(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效)1.(15分)已知一质点的运动方程为22(2),,r ti t j r t =+-分别以m 和s 为单位,求:(1) 质点的轨迹方程; (2) t=0s 和t=2s 时刻的位置矢量; (3) t=0s 到t=2s 质点的位移r ∆和平均速度v ;(4) t=2s 时质点的速度。

2.(15分)一质点沿半径为 1 m 的圆周运动,运动方程为332t +=θ,式中θ以弧度计,t 以秒计,求:(1)t =2s 时,质点的切向和法向加速度;(2)当加速度的方向和半径成45°角时,其角位移是多少?3.(15分)质量为10kg 的质点,沿x 轴无摩擦地做直线运动。

设t=0时,质点位于原 点,速度为零(即初始条件为:)。

问: (1)设质点在F=3+4t 牛顿力的作用下运动了3秒,它的速度和加速度增为多大?(2)设质点在F=3+4x 牛顿力的作用下移动了3米,它的速度和加速度增为多大?4. (15分)如图所示,一个长为l 、质量为M 的匀质杆可绕支点o自由转动.一质量为m 的子弹以一定的初速度与水平方向成60角的方向射入杆内距支点为a 处,使杆的偏转角为30问子弹的初速率为多少?5.(15分)一列平面余弦波沿x 轴正向传播,波速为5m/s ,,波长为2m ,原点处质点的振动曲线如图所示。

(1)写出波动方程;(2)求距离波源0.5m 处质点的振动方程并做出振动曲线。

第 1 页,共 2 页ABoε126. (15分)半径为1R和2R(2R>1R)的两无限长同轴圆柱面,内外圆柱面单位长度带有电量分别为λ和-λ,试求:(1)r<1R;(2)1R<r<2R;(3) r>2R处各点的电场强度(大小及方向)。

7.(15分)已知一球形电容器,内球壳半径为R1,外球壳半径R2,两球壳间充满了介电常数为ε的各向同性均匀电介质。

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——626有机化学I试题A

温州大学研究生入学考研真题【2013】——626有机化学I试题A

H2, Pd/C O3
B (C9H18)
O + 其他化合物
A (C9H12)
1. NaNH2, NH3 2. CH3I
C (C10H14)
(2)有一化合物 A 的分子式为 C5H11Br,和 NaOH 水溶液共热后生成 B,B 的分子式
为 C5H12O。B 具有旋光性,能和钠作用放出氢气,和浓硫酸共热生成 C,C 的分子式
2013 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题 A
科目代码及名称: 626 有机化学 I
适用专业:化学 03 有机化学/04 物理化学考生
(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效)
一、选择题。(30 分) 1. 下列四个化合物中,你认为沸点最低的是哪一个? A:正庚烷;B:正己烷;C:2-甲基戊烷;D:2,2-二甲基丁烷
CH3
5
+ CH3CCl
AlCl3
O
6
+ BrCH2CH2F
BF3 -20oC
O 7
+
MgBr 1. Et2O
2. H3O+
CH3
8 H3C C X + NaOCH3
CH3
O
9
1) KOH NH
2)CH3CH2Cl
O
10 Br 11
CH2CONH2 Br2/OH-
Z n-H g/浓HC l
O
加热
12
C:(2)>(3)>(4)>(1)
(3) CH3CHCHCH3 CH3
(4) CH3CCH2CH3 CH3
B:(3)>(4)>(2)>(1)
D:(4)>(3)>(2)>(1)

温州大学考研真题

温州大学考研真题

温州大学考研真题温州大学是位于中国浙江省温州市的一所综合性大学。

自1999年开始,温州大学每年都会举行考研入学考试,以选拔优秀的研究生。

考研真题是考试前真实的试题,通过对真题的复习和解析,考生可以更好地了解考试形式和内容,提高备考效果。

本文将从历年的温州大学考研真题中选取几道典型题目,进行解析和讲解。

一、英语专业硕士(MA)考研真题阅读理解:Passage 1The United States has developed a new system to predict tornadoes.Research by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shows that its new method forecasts the intensity and duration of tornadoes with an accuracy of up to 90%.The system, called High-Resolution Rapid Refresh, uses the current weather data and computer modeling to predict the pattern of tornadoes. The research team analyzed 147 tornadoes in the US Midwest last year to validate their predictions.According to the NOAA's prediction, there will be an 80% chance of severe weather conditions, including tornadoes, in parts of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.NOAA scientist Steve Weiss said, "The method has been used in predictions for only a year, and its performance has been outstanding."Tornadoes usually occur in the US Midwest in the late spring and early summer. In recent years, tornadoes have caused significant damage and lossof life in the region. With the new prediction system, it is hoped that the people in tornado-prone areas can be better prepared and protected.1. What is the new method developed by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)?A) A method to analyze tornado patterns.B) A method to predict severe weather conditions.C) A method to forecast tornado intensity and duration.D) A method to validate weather predictions.答案:C) A method to forecast tornado intensity and duration.解析:根据Passage 1中的第一段和第三段可以得知,NOAA开发了一种新的系统,用于预测龙卷风的强度和持续时间,所以答案是C。

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2 B ,kA 是与 A 的消耗速率相对应的速率常数,则下列微分速率 9、基元反应: A
k
方程式中哪一个是正确的?


dc B k AcA (A) dt
dc B 1 2 k AcA (C) dt
dc B 2k A c A (B) dt
dc B 2 k AcA (D) dt
10、用同一支滴管在同一条件下分别滴下同体积的三种液体:纯水、硫酸水溶液、丁醇水 溶液,则它们的滴数为: (A)绝对一样多
m 1.022mol kg -1 | Hg 2 Cl 2 (s) Hg(l) 电池(2) : Na(Hg)(a Na ) | NaCl γ 0.665
在298K时分别测得电池(1)和(2)的电动势分别为 E1 0.8449V , E 2 2.1582V 。 (ф甘汞
3、反应 C(s)+2H2(g)→CH4(g)在 873K 时△rHm= -85 kJmol-1,为获得 CH4 的更大平衡产率, 问温度和压力怎样选择? (A)降低温度,减少压力 (C)升高温度,增加压力 (B)升高温度,减少压力 (D)降低温度,增加压力 ( )
4、物质能以液体形式存在的最高温度是: (A)沸腾温度 Tb (C)对比温度 Tr (B)临界温度 Tc (D)熔融温度 Tm
第 1 页 共 7 页


5、一定温度下,由水、苯甲酸和苯所组成系统中可以平衡共存的最大相数为: ( (A)2 (B)3 (C)4 (D)5

6、下列说法不正确的是 (A)热力学和统计热力学的研究对象都是大量粒子的集合体 (B)热力学和统计热力学的研究方法都是宏观的方法 (C)1900 年,普朗克提出了量子论,引入了能量量子化的概念 (D)吉布斯创立了统计系综的方法,建立了系综理论
2、1mol 物质 A 与 1mol 物质 B 形成的理想溶液(即理想液态混合物) ,在压力 p 下达气-
* 液两相平衡,已知 p * A p B ,则


[注:x 表示液体混合物的摩尔分数,y 表示气体混合物的摩尔分数] (A) x A y A (C) x A y A (B) y A yB (D) x A y A
第 2 页 共 7 页


(B)水的最多,丁醇水溶液最少 (C)硫酸水溶液最多,丁醇水溶液最少 (D)丁醇水溶液最多,硫酸水溶液最少 二、填空题(30 分,每空 2 分) 1、 已知某分子两能级的能量分别为 1 6.1 10 21 J , 相应的简并度为 g1=3, 2 8.4 10 21 J , g2=5,则 T=300 K 时,这二能级上分布的粒子数之比 n1:n2= 0.634,则 T= K。 ;若 n1:n2=1:

5、在孤立体系中,如果发生不可逆的变化,则过程一定是 朝着 的方向进行,其变化的结果是体系趋于
;这个过程总是 。
6、在 300 K 时, 鲜牛奶 5 h 后即变酸, 但在 275 K 的冰箱里,可保存 50 h, 牛奶变酸反应的 活化能等于_____________。
7、根据碰撞理论,反应速率随温度而升高,主要原因是____________________________。
电极
=0.2800V)试: (1)为求金属钠的标准还原电极电势 ,接下去该怎么办? Na , Na
(2)计算 。 Na , Na 3、 (10 分)对于级数相同的两平行反应:
若总反应的活化能为 E,试证明: E
k1 E1 k2 E2 k
第 5 页 共 7 页
4、 (20 分)O2 的摩尔质量为 0.03200 kgmol−1,O2 分子的核间平均距离 r=1.2074×10−10 m,
第 6 页 共 7 页
第 7 页 共 7 页
2、在 293 K 时含 60%(质量百分数)甲醇的水溶液,其密度为 0.8941 g cm 3 ,该溶液中 水的偏摩尔体积为 16.8 cm 3 mol 1 ,则该溶液中甲醇的偏摩尔体积为
cm 3 mol 1 。
3、溶胶(一般指憎液溶胶)稳定的三种因素包括 。


E 4、当电池的 <0 时, Q r <0, r H m > nFE ,表明 T P
8、室温时,水在一根粗细均匀的玻璃毛细管中,将上升到高度 h,如将毛细管折断至 h/2 处,水将沿壁升至 _______ 处,此时管中水面的曲率半径将 _________(变大、变小、不 变) 。
Hale Waihona Puke 第 3 页 共 7 页9、等体积的 0.10mol.dm-3KCl 和 0.08mol.dm-3 的 AgNO3 溶液混合以制成 AgCl 溶胶。其胶 团结构表达式为_____________________________________。 三、简答题(21 分,每题 7 分) 1、节流膨胀及其特征。
2、CaSO4 在纯水还是海水中的溶解度更高,为什么?
k1 k2 3、对于单向连续反应: x y z ,试根据下列(a)、(b)、(c)三张图(浓度-时间图)
所示情况比较 k1 与 k 2 的大小(在空格处直接填入“=”、“≈”、“>>”、“<<”等最确切的数学符 号) ,并解释原因。
四、计算及证明题(69 分)
1、(14 分) 一定压力下,由 A 与 B 二组分形成的凝聚系统相图如下:
第 4 页 共 7 页
(1) 填写下表; 区域或点 有哪些相 自由度数 (2) 画出由 m 点开始冷却的步冷曲线; (3) 区域Ⅳ是什么物质? 2、 (13分) 金属钠与水反应很激烈, 不能直接插在电解质水溶液中做电极使用。 为此, Lewis 和Kraus设计了如下两个电池来测定金属钠的标准还原电极电势 : Na , Na 电池(1) : Na(s) | NaI(C 2 H 5 NH 2 ) | Na(Hg)(a Na ) Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ d E
2013 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题 A
科目代码及名称: 824 物理化学 适用专业: 化学/应用化学
(请考生在答题纸上答题,在此试题纸上答题无效) 一、选择题(30 分,每题 3 分) 1、△U 和△H 均等于零的过程有: ①理态气体的节流膨胀 ②100℃,101325Pa 下 H2O(l) → H2O(g) ③H2(g)+Cl2(g) → 2HC1(g)[ 绝热恒容条件] ④实际气体卡诺循环 ⑤理态气体绝热膨胀 (A)(1)(3)(4) (B)(1)(4) (C)(2)(5) (D)(3)(4) ( )
=1580 cm−1,电子最低能级的简并度为 3,电子第一激发能级比最低能级的 振动基本波数 v
能量高 1.5733×10−19J, 其简并度为 2, 更高电子能级可忽略不计。 请对 T=298 K, p=101.325 kPa, V=24.45×10−3 m3 的 O2 理想气体,求算:(1) O2 分子以基态为能量零点的平动、转动、 振动、电子及分子配分函数;(2) N/q 的值。N 为 O2 分子数。 5、 (12 分)已知 27℃和 100℃时水的饱和蒸气压 p*分别为 3.529kPa、101.325kPa;密度 分 别为 0.997×103kg·m-3 和 0.958×103kg·m -3; 表面张力分别为 7.18×10-2N·m -1 和 5.89×10-2N·m-1; 水在 100℃、101.325kPa 下的摩尔气化焓ΔvapHm 为 40.67 kJ·mol-1。 (1) 若 27℃时水在某毛细管中上升高度为 0.04m,水和毛细管的接触角为 20°,试求该毛细 管的半径 r'(已知 g=9.80N·kg-1) ; (2) 当毛细管半径 r'=10-9m 时,试求 27℃下水在该毛细管内的饱和蒸气压; (3) 外压为 101.325kPa 时,试求 r'=10-6m 的毛细管中水的沸腾温度(设水和毛细管的接触 角为 20°) 。


7、以 Pb 作阴极电解 0.1mol·dm-3 的 HCl 溶液。以甘汞电极为参比电极(ф=0.2800V)与 Pb 阴极组成电池, 由电位差计测定该电池的电动势为 1.107V, 则氢在 Pb 上的超电势为 ( (A)0.886 (B)0.827 (C)0.768 (D)0.413 )
8、已知 298 K 时,电极反应 Sn4+ + 4e → Sn 的电极电势 0.682V ,电极反应 Sn4+ + 2e → Sn2+的电极电势 0.150V ,则 Sn2+ + 2e → Sn 的 是 (A) (2 0.682 0.150)V (C) (0.682 2 0.150)V (B) (2 0.682 0.075)V (D) (0.682 0.150)V ( )
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