汉译英长句的翻译方法

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英语长句翻译实用技巧

英语长句翻译实用技巧

英语长句翻译实用技巧十翻译技巧10 长句翻译嵌切拆插(一)英译汉长句翻译的基本步骤英译汉长句翻译的关键在于两点:一是对原文的准确理解,二是恰如其分的表达。

对原文的理解一般包括这样几个方面:①原作者的意旨;②作者的论点及它们之间的逻辑关系;③句与句之间的语法关系;④各个修饰成分之间的关系。

除了准确理解原文之外,译文的成功与否很大程度上取决于译者对母语的驾驭能力以及对翻译技巧的灵活运用。

英译汉的长句处理一般可分为理解和表达两个阶段及5个具体的处理步骤。

理解阶段可分为3个步骤:①扼要拟出全句的主要轮廓;②辨清该句的主从结构,并根据上下文领会全句的要旨;③将长句按表达的需要划分成若干部分,把握每部分的要点。

表达阶段可分为两个步骤进行:①逐一翻译划开的每一部分;②对译文进行调整、组合,然后检查、修改、润色。

我们看看下面一例长句的处理过程:英语原文:It is nothing else than impurities prenatally inherent in ore that seriously affect the quality of the latter,which is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes including diastrophic movement,eruption of volcano,sedimentation,glaciation and weathering etc.,under the action of which pyrogenic rocks,volcanic complex,aqueous rocks,sedimentary rocks etc.,come into being,some of which exist in a stage of symiosis,the main cause of the absence of pure rocks in nature,wherein lies the reason for the need of separation technology and apparatus,namely,ore-dressing devices and equipment,(which has been)so far impotent to meet the requirements of metallurgical industry the scientists make every endeavor to elevate to a new high by laser separation.第一、理解阶段第一步,扼要拟出全句的轮廓框架,其主体结构为两个并列复合句:It is nothing else than impurities... that seriously affect the quality of the latter,(不是别的,正是杂质严重影响了后者的质量……)wherein lies the reason for the need of separation technology and apparatus(因此存在需要分离技术与器械的理由)第二步,辨清该长句的主从结构,并根据上下文和全句内容领会其要旨:It is nothing else than impurities... that seriously affect the quality of...,which is formed as...,under the action of which... rocks... etc.,come into being...,some of which exist in...,wherein lies the reason for the need of...,(which have been)so far impotent to meet the requirements of...第三步,将长句按表达的需要划分成若干部分,把握每部分的要点:1)Impurities prenatally inherent in ore seriously affect its quality.(矿石中的天然杂质影响了矿石的质量。

汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英长句的翻译方法

26
每日练习

我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单:我 们出口商品就是为了满足国外客户消费方面的需 要。 The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple. Our export commodities are to meet the need of the consumption of our foreign customers.



属于修饰或说明关系的分句或短语,一般应译作 从属部分。 这个战争,在东方历史上是空前的,在世界历史 上也将是伟大的,全世界人民都关心这个战争。 The people of the whole world are concerned about this war, which has no precedent in the history of the East, and which will be a great war in world history,too.
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云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的 地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城 市都要缓慢。
The old town of Lijiang, where the pace of life is slower than most of Chinese cities, is one of China’s famous tourist destinations.
8
经典句式对照

我们有决心,有信心,通过深化改革,变压力为动力, 迎接加入世贸组织带来的挑战,促进国民经济取得新的 发展。 We have the determination and confidence that through the deepening of reform, we can turn pressure into motive force to take the challenges arisen from our accession to the WTO and enable the national economy to achieve new progress.

英语长句的翻译方法

英语长句的翻译方法

英语长句的翻译方法一、顺译法顺译法就是直接按照原文的顺序进行翻译。

当英语长句所叙述的内容在逻辑关系、顺序及结构层次上与汉语思维一致时,一般采用顺译法。

例如:Sometimes an innocent person who is involved in an accident is crippled for life and the person who caused the accident might not have the money to pay him for years——but the insurance company does.译文:有时事故中的无辜受害者终身残废,而肇事者就是拖上几年也拿不出钱来赔偿,可是保险公司却赔得起。

这个句子中出现了由and连接的两个并列的定语从句。

前一个定语从句表达的意思是:事故中的无辜受害者终身残废。

后一个定语从句表达的意思是:肇事者就是拖上几年也拿不出钱来赔偿。

最后,以but为首的转折部分的意思是:可是保险公司赔得起。

这三部分内容在逻辑上与汉语的思维表达是一致的,因此我们可以顺译。

例如:And I will lay you ten to one that after you have answered the questions,and explained how to find the information,and why you want it,the clerk will go off and get one of the other clerks to help him try to find Garcia——and then come back and tell you there is no such man.译文:我敢跟你打个十赔一的赌,当你回答完这些问题,当你说明了怎样查以及你为什么要查之后,这个职员会离去并找其他职员协助他找加西亚——然后回来时他会说,这个人根本不存在。

英语长句的翻译技巧

英语长句的翻译技巧

英语长句的翻译技巧英语长句是很复杂的句子,很多人觉得在翻译长句时很是吃力。

那么英语长句有哪些翻译方法媕娿?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语长句的翻译技,希望大家喜欢!英语长句的翻译技巧1.顺译法顺译法是指在处理一些叙述层次依次相连,跟汉语相近的长句时,按原句的自然顺序进行翻译,并根据具体情况,适当增加或省略有关的连接词。

例如:例一:Visual cues from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging, that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation.听众的眼神可以表明,演说过于拖沓,演说者在某一点上讲的太多,或者在某一点上还需要作进一步的解释。

例二:But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology.但是艺术历史注意的不仅仅是这些,因为艺术反映的不单是一个民族的政治价值观,而且还有他们的宗教信仰、情感和心理特点。

PART2.倒译法有时英语长句的结构层次与汉语相反,要从英语原文的后面译起,自下而上,颠倒次序进行翻译。

一般来说,英语长句不符合汉语习惯的情况比较多,所以在翻译实践中,倒译通常要多于顺译。

例一:It remains to be seen whether the reserves of raw materials would be sufficient to supply world economy which would have grown by 500 percent .如果世界经济真的以5倍于现有的速度增长,那么原材料的储备是否能充分满足其需求,尚不得而知。

英语长句的翻译方法

英语长句的翻译方法

长句的翻译方法1.顺序翻译法(1)The problem is that the last generation or so we’recome to assume that womenshould be able, and should want, to do everything that bytradition men have done at thesame time as prettywelleverything that by traditionwomen have done.问题是,在过去二十年时间里,我们已经认定,妇女们应该能够且应该想做男人们想做男人们传统上所做的一切,而同时也能够做得跟妇女们传统上所做的一切同样好。

(2)Exercise*Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels werestereotypes of lacking anyfeatures that made them uniqueindividual and were alsosubject to numerousrestrictions imposed by themali-dominated culture.2. 逆序翻译法(1)It therefore becomes more and more important that, ifstudents are not to wastetheir opportuniti es,therewill have to be muchdetailed information aboutcourses and advice.因此,如果要使学生充分利用(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。

这个问题显得越来越重要了。

(2)Exercises*It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reason why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures andpatterns of the language have been understood.*A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor because the classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic guise of the beat generation, a real phenomenon in the later fifties.*Such a human nature in the west that a great many people are often willingto sacrifice higher pay for the privilege ofbecoming white collar workers.*Clear-cut guidelines and politics have been worked out and expressed in accurate language concerning the economy, politics, science and technology, education, culture and military and foreign affairs.3. 分译法翻译英语句子时,有时我们可以把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只作稍改变即可,但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构作较大的改变。

中译英长句翻译技巧PPT课件

中译英长句翻译技巧PPT课件
长句的翻译
CHENLI
1
汉语与英语构句的不同特点
英语长句结构: 主语+谓语+修饰语 并列成分或并列句
短语或从句
英语主谓关系非常明显,其他成分 通过各种手段(介词、连词、关系 代词、关系副词)同主谓成分挂钩
CHENLI
2
汉语连接词相对少,使用频率也低, 少用介词而多用动词 结构松散,分句间缺乏应有的形式
coordinate and assist subordinate
enterprises in updating production
technology and to transform
mechanism of old factories, as well as
taking part in capitCaHElNLIinvestment.
of going to nurseries and kindergartens.
School age begins at six. Primary school
lasts for six years, so does the
secondary education. It takes four years
20
中国目前的教育制度可以分为四个阶段:学
前教育,也就是托儿所和幼儿园阶段,然后 从六岁开始六年小学,六年中学和四年大学。
At present, Chinese educational system
can be divided into four stages.
Preschool education refers to the period
CHENLI
15
他很少乘车坐船, 几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭, 长途跋 涉; 为了弄清大自然的真相, 他总是挑选道路艰险 的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察, 发现了许多 奇山秀景。

汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英长句的翻译方法

汉译英长句的翻译方法将汉语长句翻译成英语时,可以采用以下几种方法:1.分割句子:将长句分割成较短的句子,每个句子表达一个完整的思想,并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词或标点符号来连接这些句子。

例句:我昨天去了图书馆,借了一本关于历史的书,然后在图书馆里看了两个小时。

英文翻译:I went to the library yesterday and borrowed a book about history. Then, I spent two hours reading it in the library.2. 使用从句:将长句中的一部分转换为从句,并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词(如that, which, who, when, where等)引导从句。

例句:她告诉我她去年参加了一个很有意思的会议,这个会议是在纽约市举行的。

英文翻译:She told me that she attended an interesting conference last year, which was held in New York City.3. 使用定语从句:将长句中作为修饰的部分转换为定语从句,并在英语翻译中使用适当的关系代词(如that, which, who, whom等)引导定语从句。

例句:我喜欢那个戴眼镜的男孩,他总是很友好。

英文翻译:I like the boy who wears glasses; he is always friendly.4.利用省略:可以在英语翻译中省略一些不重要或重复的信息,使句子更清晰和简洁。

例句:我昨天和朋友一起去了看电影,然后吃了晚饭。

英文翻译:I went to watch a movie with my friends yesterday and had dinner afterwards.以上是一些常用的翻译方法,根据具体语境和句子结构的复杂程度,可以选择适合的方法进行翻译。

英语长句的翻译方法

英语长句的翻译方法

长句的翻译方法1.顺序翻译法(1)The problem is that the last gerention or so we’re come to assume that women should be able, andshould want, to do everything that by traditionmen have done at the same time as prettywelleverything that by tradition women have done.问题是,在过去二十年时间里,我们已经认定,妇女们应该能够且应该想做男人们想做男人们传统上所做的一切,而同时也能够做得跟妇女们传统上所做的一切同样好。

2. 逆序翻译法(1)It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waster their opportunities,there will have to be much detailed informationabout courses and advice.因此,如果要使学生充分利用(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。

这个问题显得越来越重要了。

3. 分译法翻译英语句子时,有时我们可以把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只作稍改变即可,但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构作较大的改变。

把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子,这叫分译法。

使用分译法,可以把原句中的一个词,一个短语或一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。

一、把原文中单词译成句子(一)副词1.They tried vainly to blame us for the breakdown in the truce talk.他们试图把和谈的罪名加在我们头上,但没得逞。

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Summary for C to E


中文的定语可以是动词(the data obtained/used material, material used),名词(information technology, the population of the world, political problem, the matter of self-respect),形容词(things available in nature),词组(many in medical community)和从句(the task we face is …);那么他们应该相应的在英语处于一 个什么样的位置呢? 把中文翻译好英文后,我们是否检查我们翻译的英文句 子的主语和宾语的单复数及冠词使用问题;谓语动词的 时态,语态和语气问题呢?
9
Case 3


农民缺乏培训,许多农场生产效率低,使得绝大 多数农村人口在国内处于不利的地位。 译:Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farms place the vast majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own country.
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Case 2



表示方式或状态的部分,一般应从属于表示行为 或动作的部分。 其后走过三个人,都有四五十岁光景,手摇白纸 扇,缓步而来。 Behind him came three men, all some forty to fifty years old. Fanning themselves with white paper fans, they advanced slowly.
20
Case 6

否定或反说部分,一般应从属于肯定或正说部分。 国际争端在此基础上予以解决,而不诉诸武力威 胁。 International disputes should be settled on this basis, without resorting to the use of threat or force.
18


即为吃饭计,学问决不会辜负人的。 Knowledge will do you a good turn even as a means of subsistence.
少年是一去不复返的,等到精力衰时,要做学问也来不 及了。

Youth will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.

13
翻译之二

With confidence and determination, and through further reform and opening wider to the outside world, we will respond positively to the pressure upon us, meeting challenges arising from China‟s accession to the WTO, and pushing forward the development of our national economy.
8
Case 2

The traditional New Year was soon approaching, the first big event of the year, and everyone, except those who owed heavy debts was enthusiastically looking forward to it
19
Case 5

背景情况描述部分,一般应从属于结论部分 帝国主义(imperialist)国家对外侵略扩张,争夺 世界霸权(hegemony),必然走向战争。 Engaged in aggression and expansion abroad for the purpose of the world hegemony,the imperialist inevitably will go to war.

在美国,人人都能买到枪。 译1:In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译) 译2:In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
23
Case 2

他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。 译1:He still could not understand me. (正译) 译2:Still he failed to understand me. (反译)
24
倒置法

在汉语中,定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被 修饰语之前;在英语中,许多修饰语常常位于被 修饰语之后,因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠 倒过来。倒置法通常用于英译汉, 即对英语长句 按照汉语的习惯表达法进行前后调换,按意群或 进行全部倒置,原则是使汉语译句安排符合现代 汉语论理叙事的一般逻辑顺序。有时倒置法也用 于汉译英。
14
Case 1



表示原因或结果的部分,一般应从属于表示结果 的部分
他们患得患失,拒绝接受分配给他们的任务。 Considering the gain and loss,they refused to accept the jobs assigned to them. 没有农业,人类便不能生存,社会生产也就不能继续下 去。 译:But for agriculture, man could not exist, nor could social production proceed.
11
主从区分法

汉语复句中往往不用关联词,汉语复句里接二连 三出现的动词,从形式上看,它们都是平等的, 没有主从,偏正之分;从逻辑上分析,分句之间 也有主从之分。一般说来,凡是为主的分句即 正句,用英语限定式动词结构来表达;从属的 分句即偏句,用非限定式动词短语,介词短语, 或增加从属关联词,或通过其他各种从句形式 来处理。
2

也许有些人很可恶,有些人很卑鄙(despicable)。而 当我设身为他想象的时候,我才知道:他比我还可怜。 所以请原谅所有你见过的人,好人或者坏人

Some may be wicked, and some may be despicable. Only when I put myself in his position did I know he is more miserable than I. So forgive all that you have met, no matter what kind of persons they are.
5
基本方法

合并法 正译法和反译法 倒置法 插入法
6
合并法


合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句,一般用 于汉译英。汉语强调意合,结构较松散,因此简 单句较多;英语强调形合,结构较严密,因此长 句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、 分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把 汉语短句连成长句 (1)根据原文各句之间的逻辑关系,在译文的句与 句之间加上连接词语如and,while,for.with…
汉译英长句翻译的基本方法
主讲教师:徐剑平
1
每日练习


我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单:我 们出口商品就是为了满足国外客户消费方面的需 要。 The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple. Our export commodities are to meet the need of the consumption of our foreign customers. .
12
经典句式对照

我们有决心,有信心,通过深化改革、扩大开放,变压 力为动力,迎接加入世贸组织带来的挑战,促进国民经 济不断取得新的发展。 We have the determination and confidence that through the deepening of reform and opening wider to the outside world, we can turn pressure into motive force to take the challenges arisen from our accession to the WTO and enable the national economy to achieve new progress on a continuous basis.
7
Case 分之八十的人口从事农业,但耕地只 占土地面积的十分之一,其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其 他用地。 China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses. 旧历新年快来了。这是一年中的第一件大事。除了那些 负债过多的人以外,大家都热烈地欢迎这个佳节的到来
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