精神障碍诊断与统计手册DSM-V目录中英文对照翻译

合集下载

dsw-iv标准

dsw-iv标准

dsw-iv标准DSM-IV是世界精神病学组织(APA)出版的精神疾病分类和诊断的的标准手册(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition)。

它是一本非常重要的精神疾病分类和统计手册,是诊断和治疗心理和行为障碍常用的标准工具之一。

DSM-IV于1994年出版,是DSM分类系统的第四版。

和以往的版本相比,DSM-IV不仅更新了大量的疾病定义和诊断标准,同时,更加重视精神病学的生物学基础,增加了许多与脑部神经生物学相关的诊断标准。

此外,DSM-IV也强调了精神障碍的临床表现与影响人类生活的严重程度,并将疾病的诊断标准分类为无障碍、轻度障碍、中度障碍和严重障碍,这样可以更加准确地描述病人的病情。

DSM-IV以分类为核心,主要功能是建立精神障碍的分类模型。

这个模型是基于具体标准而构建的,可以保证统一性和可靠性,并为心理医生和其他医疗保健工作者、行为科学家和研究者提供通用的诊断语言。

它有上百种不同类型的精神障碍,其中包括焦虑症、抑郁症、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症、人格障碍、吸毒成瘾等。

这些障碍分为15大类,分别是:1.精神分裂症和其它精神病性障碍2.心境障碍3.神经性障碍4.儿童和青少年的精神障碍5.人格障碍6.焦虑障碍7.吸毒成瘾和酒精依赖8.认知和发育障碍9.性和性身份障碍10.睡眠障碍11.躯体症状障碍12.服用药物-药物依赖13.食欲和进食障碍14.性侵犯行为15.调整障碍DSM-IV之所以是精神疾病领域内最广泛使用的分类系统之一,有以下几个原因:1.精确定义:DSM-IV对每种精神障碍都有非常明确的定义,使得诊断标准更加具体和明确。

2.统一性和准确性:由于所有的医疗从业者都使用DSM-IV来识别和诊断患者的疾病,因此,这种标准可以保证在全球范围内的疾病诊断的统一和准确。

3.临床应用性:DSM-IV既适用于临床实践,也适用于研究,这使得医生、临床医生和研究人员可以使用相同的语言来描述和诊断患者的疾病。

美国精神疾病诊断标准

美国精神疾病诊断标准

焦虑障碍
广泛性焦虑障碍
A.至少在6个月以上的多数日子里,对于不少事件和活动(例如工作或学习),呈现过分的焦虑和担心(忧虑的期望)。
B.患者发现难以控制自己不去担心。
C.这种焦虑和担心都伴有下列6种症状之3项以上(在6月中,多数日子里至少有几种症状)。
注:儿童只需1项。
在历届主席的支持下,APA组织了一个工作班子DSM-IV制订工作组,主席为Allen Frances,副主席为 H.A. Pincus,共有Nancy C. Andreasen与 R.L.Spitzcr等 27名成员。下设13个起草小组,每组5~12人,各负责起草一个部分。
组长分别是:焦虑性障碍,M.R.Liebowitz;
C.这些症状并不符合混合性发作的标准。
D.此心境障碍已严重到会产生职业和日常社交活动及人际关系的明显缺损,或严重到必须予以住院以防伤人或自杀,或者具有精神病性表现。
E.这些症状并非由于某种物质(例如,其种滥用药物,某种治疗药品,或其他治疗方法),或由于一般躯体情况(例如,甲亢)所致之直接生理性效应。
译者 颜文伟 1994年7月1日
精神分裂症及其他精神病性障碍
A.特征性症状:下列2项以上,均应在一月内的(如经有效成功的治疗,限期可以较短)显著较长时间里呈现。
(1)妄想;
(2)幻觉;
(3)言语紊乱(例如,常常乱扯(“出轨”)或散漫);
DSM-IV美国精神疾病诊断标准
DSM-IV美国精神疾病诊断标准
关于DSM-IV的介绍
美国精神病学会(APA)从1952年起制订《诊断与统计手册:精神障碍》(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders);后来称之为DSM-Ⅰ。1968年制订了第二版,DSM-Ⅱ。从1974年着手制订而在1980年正式出版的DSM—Ⅲ特别受到重视,因为它有一整套临床工作用的诊断标准,对于美国的、甚至世界各国的精神病学家说来,不论于临床工作、还是科学研究,都有很大帮助。 1987年APA又修订出版了DSM-Ⅲ-R.但是,精神医学发展迅速,这也已不能适应需要,所以从1987年起就开始着手DSM-Ⅳ的制订。

DSM-IV精神障碍诊断分类

DSM-IV精神障碍诊断分类

DSM-IV精神障碍诊断分类DSM-IV 精神障碍诊断分类.txtDSM一Ⅳ美国精神病学会(APA)从1952年起制订《心理障碍诊断与统计手册》(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders);后来称之为DSM -Ⅰ。

1968年制订了第二版,DSM-Ⅱ。

从1974年着手制订而在1980年正式出版的DSM—Ⅲ特别受到重视,因为它有一整套临床工作用的诊断标准,对于美国的、甚至世界各国的精神病学家说来,不论于临床工作、还是科学研究,都有很大帮助。

1987年APA又修订出版了DSM-Ⅲ-R.但是,精神医学发展迅速,这也已不能适应需要,所以从1987年起就开始着手DSM-Ⅳ的制订。

在历届主席的支持下,APA组织了一个工作班子一DSM-IV制订工作组,主席为Allen Frances,副主席为 H.A. Pincus,共有Nancy C. Andreasen与R.L.Spitzcr等27名成员。

下设13个起草小组,每组5~12人,各负责起草一个部分。

组长分别是:焦虑性障碍,M.R.Liebowitz;谵妄、痴呆、及遗忘,G.J.Tucker;首次诊断于童年期的精神障碍,D.Shaffer与M.Campbell;进食障碍,B.T.Walsh;心境障碍,A.J.Rush;多轴诊断,J.B.W.Williams;人格障碍,J.Gunderson;月经前精神障碍,J.H.Gold;适应性障碍等,R.E.Hales;精神分裂症, N. C. Andrcasen;性障碍, C.W. Schmidt;睡眠障碍, D.J.Kupfer;物质所致精神障碍,M.A.Schuckit。

每个小组在起草前先广泛复习文献,重新分析已有的资料数据。

起草后,将草稿交50 ~100位顾问专家征求意见(包括我国杨德森教授)。

同时又征询了60多个有关学会(如美国心理学会、美国护理学会等)的看法;也与 WHO的 ICD—10制订小组交流意见、APA又在Hospital and Community Psychiatry杂志上辟专栏进行讨论.然后进行了 12次现场测试,共计 70余单位参加,涉及 6000余病例. 2年前,APA出版了一本“DSM-Ⅳ意见选择书”,广泛征求世界各国专家的看法。

精神障碍诊断与统计手册DiagnosticandStatisticalManual

精神障碍诊断与统计手册DiagnosticandStatisticalManual

精神障碍诊断与统计手册Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders –5th Edition DSM-5的最新进展及其对医务社会工作的启示张安翱, LCSW, ACSW, ACT汇报大纲•DSM-5的自我定位以及最新改变•DSM-5的核心构架及将来研究•DSM-5的主流临床诊断及其标准•DSM-5对中国医务社会工作者的启示热身互动1. 有多少老师同学们听说过DSM-IV-TR?2. 有多少老师同学们听说过DSM-IV-TR的五轴诊断?3. 有多少老师同学们听说过DSM-V?4. 有多少老师同学们听说过DSM-5的维度诊断?5. 有多少老师同学们见过DSM-5的诊断书?DSM 的作用是•评估精神疾病•诊断精神疾病评估和诊断的差别在哪里?DSM I 到DSM-5•【1980年以前】DSM-I(1952) and DSM-II (1968)准确度低基于未被证实的精神科学理论信度(稳定度)低DSM-III•DSM-III(1980) and DSM-III-R(1987)无理论基础增加了标准的细节和更加具体多轴诊断系统低信度(稳定程度)依靠着行业界的公认知识DSM-IV 和DSM-IV-TR DSM-IV 以及DSM-IV-TR的基本特性综合性明确的纳入及排除标准宽泛的心理疾病归类标准基于实证研究典型案例取向DSM-IV以及DSM-IV-TR的五轴1.主要临床症状2.稳定持久症状3.相关医疗状况4.社会心理症状5.功能评分DSM 第五版:DSM –5DSM-5 总体来说1.总体来说,DSM-5与DSM-IV-TR的差异不大2.一些精神诊断的重新归类3.与ICD-10的合并4.从罗马数字(-IV-TR)转为现代数字(-5)5.在结构上分为三个部分第四版与第五版总体差异不大-多轴诊断-婴儿,儿童和青少年阶段诊断-精神错乱,老年痴呆,健忘等认知诊断-与疾生理疾病相关的精神诊断-药物成瘾相关诊断-精神分裂及其他精神性疾病诊断-情绪障碍-焦虑症-身心障碍-神经发展诊断-精神错乱,及其它精神失常症状-双向情绪障碍-抑郁症-焦虑症-强迫症-创伤与压力相关诊断-分离性障碍-身心障碍DSM-5 主流症状的核心改变1.儿童及青少年阶段诊断变为神经发展诊断2.取消情绪障碍(Mood Disorder)细化为抑郁症,双向情绪障碍3.强迫症和PTSD从焦虑症大类中脱出第四版与第五版总体差异不大1.总体来说,DSM-5与DSM-IV-TR的差异不大2.一些精神诊断的重新归类3.与ICD-10的合并4.从罗马数字(-IV-TR)转为现代数字(-5)5.在结构上分为三个部分ICD-10合并国际疾病分类(International Classification ofDiseases ,ICD),是WHO制定的国际统一的疾病分类方法,它根据疾病的病因、病理、临床表现和解剖位置等特性,将疾病分门别类,使其成为一个有序的组合,并用编码的方法来表示的系统。

DSM-IV(DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS)介绍.doc

DSM-IV(DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS)介绍.doc

DSM-IV美国精神疾病诊断标准DSM-IV美国精神疾病诊断标准正道心理咨询网关于DSM-IV的介绍美国精神病学会(APA)从1952年起制订《诊断与统计手册:精神障碍》(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders);后来称之为DSM-Ⅰ。

1968年制订了第二版,DSM-Ⅱ。

从1974年着手制订而在1980年正式出版的DSM—Ⅲ特别受到重视,因为它有一整套临床工作用的诊断标准,对于美国的、甚至世界各国的精神病学家说来,不论于临床工作、还是科学研究,都有很大帮助。

1987年APA又修订出版了DSM-Ⅲ-R.但是,精神医学发展迅速,这也已不能适应需要,所以从1987年起就开始着手DSM-Ⅳ的制订。

在历届主席的支持下,APA组织了一个工作班子DSM-IV制订工作组,主席为Allen Frances,副主席为 H.A. Pincus,共有Nancy C. Andreasen与 R.L.Spitzcr等 27名成员。

下设13个起草小组,每组5~12人,各负责起草一个部分。

组长分别是:焦虑性障碍,M.R.Liebowitz;谵妄、痴呆、及遗忘,G.J.Tucker;首次诊断于童年期的精神障碍,D.Shaffer与M.Campbell;进食障碍,B.T.Walsh;心境障碍,A.J.Rush;多轴诊断,J.B.W.Williams;人格障碍,J.Gunderson;月经前精神障碍,J.H.Gold;适应性障碍等,R.E.Hales;精神分裂症, N. C. Andrcasen;性障碍, C.W. Schmidt;睡眠障碍, D.J.Kupfer;物质所致精神障碍,M.A.Schuckit。

每个小组在起草前先广泛复习文献,重新分析已有的资料数据。

起草后,将草稿交50 ~100位顾问专家征求意见(包括我国杨德森教授)。

同时又征询了60多个有关学会(如美国心理学会、美国护理学会等)的看法;也与 WHO的 ICD—10制订小组交流意见、APA又在Hospital and Community Psychiatry杂志上辟专栏进行讨论.然后进行了 12次现场测试,共计 70余单位参加,涉及6000余病例。

精神障碍诊断与统计手册DSM-V目录中英文对照翻译

精神障碍诊断与统计手册DSM-V目录中英文对照翻译

DSM-V ClassificationNeurodevelopmental disease 神经发育性疾病Intellectual disabilities智力低下Intellectual developmental disorders智力发育低下Global developmental delay全面发育迟缓Unspecified intellectual disability未定型智力低下Communication disorder交流障碍Language disorder语言障碍Speech sound disorder语音障碍Childhood-onset fluency disorders (stuttering) 口吃Social (pragmatic) communication disorder社交障碍Unspecified communication disorder未定型交流障碍Autism spectrum disorder自闭症Autism spectrum disorder自闭症与已知遗传/环境因素相关;与其他神经发育异常情况相关分型A,B需要强证据支持与智力异常、语言障碍或紧张症相关Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder注意力缺乏/多动症Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder注意力缺乏/多动症Other attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder其他注意力缺乏/多动症Unspecified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder未定型注意力缺乏/多动Specific learning disorder特殊学习障碍With impairment in reading阅读障碍With impairment in written expression书面表达障碍With impairment in mathematics数学障碍Motor disorder运动障碍Developmental coordination disorder发育性协调障碍Stereotypic movement disorder刻板运动障碍Tourette's Disorder妥瑞氏症Persistent (chronic) motor or Vocal tic disorder持久运动或声音抽动障碍Provisional tic disorder临时抽搐症Other specified tic disorder其他指定的抽搐症Unspecified tic disorder未定型抽搐症Other neurodevelopmental disorders其他神经发育疾病Other specified neurodevelopmental disorder其他指定的神经发育疾病Unspecified neurodevelopmental disorder未定型神经发育疾病Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders精神分裂症谱系及其他精神异常Schizotypal (Personality) Disorder分裂型人格障碍Delusional disorder妄想性精神障碍Brief psychotic disorder短时精神障碍Schizophreniform Disorder精神分裂样精神障碍Schizophrenia精神分裂症Schizoaffective disorder分裂样情感障碍Bipolar type双向型Depressive type抑郁型Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder物质/药物所致精神症状Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition其他医疗状况所导致的精神症状With delusion妄想型With hallucination幻觉型Catatonia Associated With Another Mental Disorder紧张症合并其他精神疾病Catatonic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的紧张症Unspecified Catatonia未定型紧张症Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic disorder其他精神分裂谱系及精神疾病Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic disorder未定型精神分裂谱系及精神疾病Bipolar and associated disorders双向情感障碍和相关疾病BipolarⅠdisorder双向一型(重躁狂重抑郁)BipolarⅡdisorder(轻躁狂重抑郁)Cyclothymic Disorder循环情感性精神障碍Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar and Related Disorder物质或药物导致的双向及其他相关疾病Bipolar and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的双向及相关疾病Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder其他双向及相关疾病Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder其他双向及相关疾病Depressive disorders抑郁症Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder破坏性情绪失调障碍Major depression disorder重性抑郁症Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)持续性心境低落Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder经前焦虑症Substance/Medication-Induced Depressive Disorder物质/药物导致的抑郁症Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的抑郁症Other Specified Depressive Disorder其他类型抑郁症Unspecified Depressive Disorder未定型抑郁症Anxiety disorders焦虑症Separation anxiety disorders分离焦虑障碍Selective mutism选择性缄默症Specific Phobia特定恐惧症Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)社交恐惧症Panic disorder惊恐性障碍Panic Attack Specifier惊恐发作Agoraphobia广场恐怖症Generalized Anxiety Disorder广泛性焦虑Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder物质/药物导致的焦虑症Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical ConditionOther Specified Anxiety DisorderUnspecified Anxiety DisorderObsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders强迫及相关障碍Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫症Body Dysmorphic Disorder躯体变形障碍Hoarding Disorder囤积症Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)拔毛发癖(拉扯障碍)Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder擦伤(抓挠皮肤)障碍Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisorderUnspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisorderTrauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders创伤与压力相关障碍Reactive Attachment Disorder反应性依赖障碍Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder抑制社会交往障碍Posttraumatic Stress Disorder创伤后应激障碍Acute Stress Disorder急性应激障碍Adjustment Disorders适应障碍Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisorderUnspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisorderDissociative Disorders解离性障碍Dissociative Identity Disorder分离性身份识别障碍(多重人格)Dissociative Amnesia离解失忆症Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder人格解体/现实感丧失症Other Specified Dissociative DisorderUnspecified Dissociative DisorderSomatic Symptom and Related Disorders躯体症状及相关疾病Somatic Symptom Disorder躯体症状疾病Illness Anxiety Disorder疾病焦虑障碍Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) 转换障碍(功能性神经症状)Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions影响其他医疗状况的心理因素Factitious Disorder人为失调Other Specified Somatic Symptom and Related DisorderUnspecified Somatic Symptom and Related DisorderFeeding and Eating Disorders进食障碍Pica异食癖Rumination Disorder反刍性障碍Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder逃避性/限制性进食障碍Anorexia Nervosa神经性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa暴食症Binge-Eating Disorder狂食症Other Specified Feeding or Eating DisorderUnspecified Feeding or Eating DisorderElimination Disorders排泄障碍Enuresis尿床Encopresis大便失禁Other Specified Elimination DisorderUnspecified Elimination DisorderSleep-Wake Disorders睡眠障碍Insomnia Disorder失眠Hypersoninolence Disorder嗜睡症Narcolepsy发作性睡眠Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders呼吸相关睡眠障碍Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停Central Sleep Apnea中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停Sleep-Related Hypoventilation睡眠不足Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders昼夜节律睡眠障碍Shift work typeUnspecified typeParasomnias异态睡眠Non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorders非快速眼动睡眠觉醒障碍(包括夜游)Nightmare Disorder梦魇症Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder快速眼动睡眠行为障碍Restless Legs Syndrome不宁腿综合症Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep DisorderOther Specified Insomnia DisorderUnspecified Insonmia DisorderOther Specified Hypersomnolence DisorderUnspecified Hypersomnolence DisorderOther Specified Sleep-Wake DisorderUnspecified Sleep-Wake DisorderSexual Dysfunctions性障碍Delayed Ejaculation延迟射精Erectile Disorder勃起障碍Female Orgasmic Disorder女性性高潮障碍Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder女性性兴趣/觉醒障碍Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder Genito-Pelvic痛/穿透障碍Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder男性性欲亢奋障碍Premature (Early) Ejaculation早泄Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual DysfunctionOther Specified Sexual DysfunctionUnspecified Sexual DysfunctionGender dysphonia性别焦虑Gender Dysphoria性别焦虑Other Specified Gender DysphoriaUnspecified Gender DysphoriaDisruptive, impuise-Control, and Conduct Disorders破坏性,控制不能以及行为障碍Oppositional Defiant Disorder对立违抗性障碍Intermittent Explosive Disorder间歇性爆发障碍Conduct Disorder品行障碍Antisocial Personality Disorder反社会性人格障碍Pyromania纵火狂Kleptomania盗窃癖Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct DisorderUnspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct DisorderSubstance-Related and Addictive Disorders物质成瘾性疾病Alcohol Use Disorder酒精使用障碍Alcohol Intoxication酒精中毒Alcohol Withdrawal酒精戒断Other Alcohol-Induced DisordersUnspecified Alcohol-Related DisorderCaffeine-Related Disorders咖啡因相关障碍Caffeine Intoxication咖啡因中毒Caffeine Withdrawal咖啡因戒断Other Caffeine-Induced DisordersUnspecified Caffeine-Related DisorderCannabis-Related Disorders大麻相关障碍Cannabis Use Disorder大麻使用障碍Cannabis Intoxication大麻中毒Cannabis Withdrawal大麻戒断Other Cannabis-Induced DisordersUnspecified Cannabis-Related DisorderHallucinogen-related disorder迷幻剂相关障碍Phencyclidine Use Disorder苯环己哌啶使用障碍Other Hallucinogen Use DisorderPhencyclidine Intoxication苯环己哌啶中毒Other Hallucinogen IntoxicationHallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder致幻剂引起的持久知觉障碍Unspecified Phencyclidine-Related DisorderUnspecified Hallucinogen-Related DisorderInhalant-Related Disorders吸入性药物相关障碍Inhalant Use Disorder吸入性药物使用障碍Inhalant Intoxication吸入剂中毒Other Inhalant-Induced DisordersUnspecified Inhalant-Related DisorderOpioid-Related Disorders阿片相关性障碍Opioid Use Disorder阿片使用障碍Opioid Intoxication阿片类药物中毒Opioid Withdrawal阿片戒断Other Opioid-Induced DisordersUnspecified Opioid-Related DisorderSedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂相关障碍Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Use Disorder镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂使用障碍Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂中毒Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Withdrawal镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂戒断Other Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Induced DisordersUnspecified Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorder Stimulant-Related disorders兴奋剂相关障碍Stimulant Use Disorder兴奋剂使用障碍Stimulant Intoxication兴奋剂中毒Stimulant Withdrawal兴奋剂戒断Other Stimulant-Induced DisordersUnspecified Stimulant-Related DisorderTobacco-Related Disorders烟草相关障碍Tobacco Use Disorder烟草使用障碍Tobacco Withdrawal烟草戒断Other Tobacco-Induced DisordersUnspecified Tobacco-Related DisorderOther (or Unknown) Substance-Related DisordersGambling Disorder赌博成瘾Neurocognitive Disorders神经认知障碍Delirium谵妄Other Specified DeliriumUnspecified DeliriumMajor and Mild Neurocognitive DisordersMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Alzheimer’s DiseaseMajor or Mild Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder(Probable Major Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration)Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder With Lewy BodiesMajor or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive DisorderMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Traumatic Brain Injury Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to HIV InfectionMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Prion DiseaseMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Parkinson’s Disease Major or Mild Neu rocognitive Disorder Due to Huntington’s Disease Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Multiple Etiologies Unspecified Neurocognitive DisorderPersonality Disorders人格障碍Cluster A Personality DisordersParanoid Personality Disorder偏执型人格障碍Schizoid Personality Disorder分裂样人格障碍Schizotypal Personality Disorder分裂型人格障碍Cluster B Personality DisordersAntisocial Personality Disorder反社会性人格障碍Borderline Personality Disorder边缘型人格障碍Histrionic Personality Disorder表演型人格障碍Narcissistic Personality Disorder自恋型人格障碍Cluster C Personality DisordersAvoidant Personality Disorder回避型人格障碍Dependent Personality Disorder依赖型人格障碍Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder强迫型人格障碍Other Personality DisordersPersonality Change Due to Another Medical ConditionOther Specified Personality DisorderUnspecified Personality DisorderParaphilic Disorders性欲倒错障碍Voyeuristic Disorder偷窥障碍Exhibitionistic Disorder暴露障碍Frotteuristic Disorder摩擦障碍Sexual Masochism Disorder性受虐症Sexual Sadism Disorder性施虐症Pedophilic Disorder恋童癖Fetishistic Disorder恋物症Transvestic Disorder扮异性症Other Specified Paraphilic DisorderUnspecified Paraphilic DisorderOther Mental DisordersMedication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other AdverseEffects of MedicationOther Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinicai Attention。

精神疾病诊断与统计手册

精神疾病诊断与统计手册

精神疾病诊断与统计手册精神疾病诊断与统计手册(The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,简称为DSM)由美国精神医学会(American Psychiatric Association,简称为APA)出版,是一本在美国与其他国家中最常使用来诊断精神疾病的指导手册。

定义虽然这本手册受到心理学家与精神病学家的广泛接受,但是当中的精神疾病列表却备受争议。

其中最有名的就是手册第二版(简称为DSM-II)中将同性恋列为精神疾病的一种;这个条目在1973年由APA投票通过予以移除(请参看同性恋与心理学条目)。

发展DSM之所以被发展出来,一开始是为了提供更多客观的词汇给精神病学研究。

在DSM之前,精神病学家之间的沟通并不统一,尤其是在不同的国家间。

建立特定判准亦是为试图使有关精神健康的研究更为容易。

而多轴系统的设立是为了产生病患之更完整的图像,而不仅仅是简单的诊断。

DSM的判准与分类系统建立在主要由精神病学家所参与的会诊以及委员会会议上。

因此,DSM的内容并没有反应关于心理病理学(psychopathology)的议题的所有意见、比如情绪困境(emotional distress)及社会功能(social functioning)。

而且关于那些判准与分类,也没有任何客观的、生物可验证的(verifiable)标准。

这些判准,以及它们被临床医师应用的方式,至少在某种程度上被文化差异影响,且周期性地被修改,以反映当代的社会地景(social landscape)。

视为精神的观点违常随着时间而改变。

例如,在1973年的精神病学表决之前,同性恋被列在DSM 中,当作可诊断的精神疾病[3]。

我们现在也知道,某些精神违常的诊断被人们对性别角色的期待所影响。

也就是说,在诊断的判准没有提及性别的情况下,临床医师可能会以不同的方式来诊断女人与男人的行为。

美国精神障碍诊断手册第五版中文翻译--自闭症

美国精神障碍诊断手册第五版中文翻译--自闭症

原文地址:美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第五版(DSM-V)中文翻译-自闭症作者:走近自闭症被诊断者必须符合A, B, C, D中的标准:A. 在各种场景下体现持久性的社会沟通和社会交往障碍, 不被其它一般发展迟缓所解释,并且表露在以下三方面:1. 在社交感情相互性的缺陷; 范围包括不一般的社交途径与方法,由于对分享兴趣爱好、情感和影响或响应的减少而不能有正常的你来我往的对话。

2. 在被用来进行社交互动的非表达语言沟通行为方面的缺陷;范围包括从不充份综合的表达和非表达性沟通,到对视和身体语言的不同,或者对理解使用非语言沟通的缺陷,到完全没有面部表情或者手势。

3. 在建立和保持符合发展阶段(超过与照顾者之间的关系)人与人之间关系的缺陷;范围从为了适合不同情景而调整自己的行为的困难,到分享想象游戏,由于表面上看上去对他人不感兴趣而不能交朋友的困难。

B. 有局限性的,重复模式的行为,兴趣,或者活动,满足下面其中两项:1. 刻板或重复语言,运动动作,利用物品;(比如简单的运动动作刻板行为,模仿语言症,重复的使用物品,或与众不同的措辞)。

2. 过度的固守常规,仪式化的表达或非表达语言行为的模式,或者过度对变化的抗拒;(比如仪式化的运动动作,固守一种常规或食物,重复提出问题或者在小变化发生时的痛苦)。

3. 高度有限制的,在强度和关注点方面都不正常的固定兴趣;(比如对不寻常物品的强烈的依恋或全神贯注,过度的有限制的或者保留的兴趣)。

4. 对感觉输入过高或过低的反应,或者对环境中的感觉刺激有着不一般的兴趣;(比如表面上看起来对疼痛/热/冷的不在乎,对某种特殊的声音或触感的不良反应,过度的闻和触摸物品,对有亮光或旋转的事物入迷。

C.症状必须在儿童时期就有体现(但是可以是在社会要求高于个人有限的能力时才会完全的表露)。

D. 症状限制和妨碍每天正常的生活运行。

译者:张萱(MS,BCBA)。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

DSM-V ClassificationNeurodevelopmental disease 神经发育性疾病Intellectual disabilities智力低下Intellectual developmental disorders智力发育低下Global developmental delay全面发育迟缓Unspecified intellectual disability未定型智力低下Communication disorder交流障碍Language disorder语言障碍Speech sound disorder语音障碍Childhood-onset fluency disorders (stuttering) 口吃Social (pragmatic) communication disorder社交障碍Unspecified communication disorder未定型交流障碍Autism spectrum disorder自闭症Autism spectrum disorder自闭症与已知遗传/环境因素相关;与其他神经发育异常情况相关分型A,B需要强证据支持与智力异常、语言障碍或紧张症相关Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder注意力缺乏/多动症Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder注意力缺乏/多动症Other attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder其他注意力缺乏/多动症Unspecified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder未定型注意力缺乏/多动Specific learning disorder特殊学习障碍With impairment in reading阅读障碍With impairment in written expression书面表达障碍With impairment in mathematics数学障碍Motor disorder运动障碍Developmental coordination disorder发育性协调障碍Stereotypic movement disorder刻板运动障碍Tourette's Disorder妥瑞氏症Persistent (chronic) motor or Vocal tic disorder持久运动或声音抽动障碍Provisional tic disorder临时抽搐症Other specified tic disorder其他指定的抽搐症Unspecified tic disorder未定型抽搐症Other neurodevelopmental disorders其他神经发育疾病Other specified neurodevelopmental disorder其他指定的神经发育疾病Unspecified neurodevelopmental disorder未定型神经发育疾病Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders精神分裂症谱系及其他精神异常Schizotypal (Personality) Disorder分裂型人格障碍Delusional disorder妄想性精神障碍Brief psychotic disorder短时精神障碍Schizophreniform Disorder精神分裂样精神障碍Schizophrenia精神分裂症Schizoaffective disorder分裂样情感障碍Bipolar type双向型Depressive type抑郁型Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder物质/药物所致精神症状Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition其他医疗状况所导致的精神症状With delusion妄想型With hallucination幻觉型Catatonia Associated With Another Mental Disorder紧张症合并其他精神疾病Catatonic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的紧张症Unspecified Catatonia未定型紧张症Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic disorder其他精神分裂谱系及精神疾病Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic disorder未定型精神分裂谱系及精神疾病Bipolar and associated disorders双向情感障碍和相关疾病BipolarⅠdisorder双向一型(重躁狂重抑郁)BipolarⅡdisorder(轻躁狂重抑郁)Cyclothymic Disorder循环情感性精神障碍Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar and Related Disorder物质或药物导致的双向及其他相关疾病Bipolar and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的双向及相关疾病Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder其他双向及相关疾病Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder其他双向及相关疾病Depressive disorders抑郁症Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder破坏性情绪失调障碍Major depression disorder重性抑郁症Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)持续性心境低落Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder经前焦虑症Substance/Medication-Induced Depressive Disorder物质/药物导致的抑郁症Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition其他医疗状况导致的抑郁症Other Specified Depressive Disorder其他类型抑郁症Unspecified Depressive Disorder未定型抑郁症Anxiety disorders焦虑症Separation anxiety disorders分离焦虑障碍Selective mutism选择性缄默症Specific Phobia特定恐惧症Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)社交恐惧症Panic disorder惊恐性障碍Panic Attack Specifier惊恐发作Agoraphobia广场恐怖症Generalized Anxiety Disorder广泛性焦虑Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder物质/药物导致的焦虑症Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical ConditionOther Specified Anxiety DisorderUnspecified Anxiety DisorderObsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders强迫及相关障碍Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫症Body Dysmorphic Disorder躯体变形障碍Hoarding Disorder囤积症Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)拔毛发癖(拉扯障碍)Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder擦伤(抓挠皮肤)障碍Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisorderUnspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisorderTrauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders创伤与压力相关障碍Reactive Attachment Disorder反应性依赖障碍Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder抑制社会交往障碍Posttraumatic Stress Disorder创伤后应激障碍Acute Stress Disorder急性应激障碍Adjustment Disorders适应障碍Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisorderUnspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisorderDissociative Disorders解离性障碍Dissociative Identity Disorder分离性身份识别障碍(多重人格)Dissociative Amnesia离解失忆症Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder人格解体/现实感丧失症Other Specified Dissociative DisorderUnspecified Dissociative DisorderSomatic Symptom and Related Disorders躯体症状及相关疾病Somatic Symptom Disorder躯体症状疾病Illness Anxiety Disorder疾病焦虑障碍Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) 转换障碍(功能性神经症状)Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions影响其他医疗状况的心理因素Factitious Disorder人为失调Other Specified Somatic Symptom and Related DisorderUnspecified Somatic Symptom and Related DisorderFeeding and Eating Disorders进食障碍Pica异食癖Rumination Disorder反刍性障碍Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder逃避性/限制性进食障碍Anorexia Nervosa神经性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa暴食症Binge-Eating Disorder狂食症Other Specified Feeding or Eating DisorderUnspecified Feeding or Eating DisorderElimination Disorders排泄障碍Enuresis尿床Encopresis大便失禁Other Specified Elimination DisorderUnspecified Elimination DisorderSleep-Wake Disorders睡眠障碍Insomnia Disorder失眠Hypersoninolence Disorder嗜睡症Narcolepsy发作性睡眠Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders呼吸相关睡眠障碍Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停Central Sleep Apnea中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停Sleep-Related Hypoventilation睡眠不足Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders昼夜节律睡眠障碍Shift work typeUnspecified typeParasomnias异态睡眠Non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorders非快速眼动睡眠觉醒障碍(包括夜游)Nightmare Disorder梦魇症Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder快速眼动睡眠行为障碍Restless Legs Syndrome不宁腿综合症Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep DisorderOther Specified Insomnia DisorderUnspecified Insonmia DisorderOther Specified Hypersomnolence DisorderUnspecified Hypersomnolence DisorderOther Specified Sleep-Wake DisorderUnspecified Sleep-Wake DisorderSexual Dysfunctions性障碍Delayed Ejaculation延迟射精Erectile Disorder勃起障碍Female Orgasmic Disorder女性性高潮障碍Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder女性性兴趣/觉醒障碍Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder Genito-Pelvic痛/穿透障碍Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder男性性欲亢奋障碍Premature (Early) Ejaculation早泄Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual DysfunctionOther Specified Sexual DysfunctionUnspecified Sexual DysfunctionGender dysphonia性别焦虑Gender Dysphoria性别焦虑Other Specified Gender DysphoriaUnspecified Gender DysphoriaDisruptive, impuise-Control, and Conduct Disorders破坏性,控制不能以及行为障碍Oppositional Defiant Disorder对立违抗性障碍Intermittent Explosive Disorder间歇性爆发障碍Conduct Disorder品行障碍Antisocial Personality Disorder反社会性人格障碍Pyromania纵火狂Kleptomania盗窃癖Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct DisorderUnspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct DisorderSubstance-Related and Addictive Disorders物质成瘾性疾病Alcohol Use Disorder酒精使用障碍Alcohol Intoxication酒精中毒Alcohol Withdrawal酒精戒断Other Alcohol-Induced DisordersUnspecified Alcohol-Related DisorderCaffeine-Related Disorders咖啡因相关障碍Caffeine Intoxication咖啡因中毒Caffeine Withdrawal咖啡因戒断Other Caffeine-Induced DisordersUnspecified Caffeine-Related DisorderCannabis-Related Disorders大麻相关障碍Cannabis Use Disorder大麻使用障碍Cannabis Intoxication大麻中毒Cannabis Withdrawal大麻戒断Other Cannabis-Induced DisordersUnspecified Cannabis-Related DisorderHallucinogen-related disorder迷幻剂相关障碍Phencyclidine Use Disorder苯环己哌啶使用障碍Other Hallucinogen Use DisorderPhencyclidine Intoxication苯环己哌啶中毒Other Hallucinogen IntoxicationHallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder致幻剂引起的持久知觉障碍Unspecified Phencyclidine-Related DisorderUnspecified Hallucinogen-Related DisorderInhalant-Related Disorders吸入性药物相关障碍Inhalant Use Disorder吸入性药物使用障碍Inhalant Intoxication吸入剂中毒Other Inhalant-Induced DisordersUnspecified Inhalant-Related DisorderOpioid-Related Disorders阿片相关性障碍Opioid Use Disorder阿片使用障碍Opioid Intoxication阿片类药物中毒Opioid Withdrawal阿片戒断Other Opioid-Induced DisordersUnspecified Opioid-Related DisorderSedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂相关障碍Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Use Disorder镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂使用障碍Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂中毒Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Withdrawal镇静剂,催眠剂,抗焦虑剂戒断Other Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Induced DisordersUnspecified Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorder Stimulant-Related disorders兴奋剂相关障碍Stimulant Use Disorder兴奋剂使用障碍Stimulant Intoxication兴奋剂中毒Stimulant Withdrawal兴奋剂戒断Other Stimulant-Induced DisordersUnspecified Stimulant-Related DisorderTobacco-Related Disorders烟草相关障碍Tobacco Use Disorder烟草使用障碍Tobacco Withdrawal烟草戒断Other Tobacco-Induced DisordersUnspecified Tobacco-Related DisorderOther (or Unknown) Substance-Related DisordersGambling Disorder赌博成瘾Neurocognitive Disorders神经认知障碍Delirium谵妄Other Specified DeliriumUnspecified DeliriumMajor and Mild Neurocognitive DisordersMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Alzheimer’s DiseaseMajor or Mild Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder(Probable Major Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration)Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder With Lewy BodiesMajor or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive DisorderMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Traumatic Brain Injury Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to HIV InfectionMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Prion DiseaseMajor or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Parkinson’s Disease Major or Mild Neu rocognitive Disorder Due to Huntington’s Disease Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Multiple Etiologies Unspecified Neurocognitive DisorderPersonality Disorders人格障碍Cluster A Personality DisordersParanoid Personality Disorder偏执型人格障碍Schizoid Personality Disorder分裂样人格障碍Schizotypal Personality Disorder分裂型人格障碍Cluster B Personality DisordersAntisocial Personality Disorder反社会性人格障碍Borderline Personality Disorder边缘型人格障碍Histrionic Personality Disorder表演型人格障碍Narcissistic Personality Disorder自恋型人格障碍Cluster C Personality DisordersAvoidant Personality Disorder回避型人格障碍Dependent Personality Disorder依赖型人格障碍Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder强迫型人格障碍Other Personality DisordersPersonality Change Due to Another Medical ConditionOther Specified Personality DisorderUnspecified Personality DisorderParaphilic Disorders性欲倒错障碍Voyeuristic Disorder偷窥障碍Exhibitionistic Disorder暴露障碍Frotteuristic Disorder摩擦障碍Sexual Masochism Disorder性受虐症Sexual Sadism Disorder性施虐症Pedophilic Disorder恋童癖Fetishistic Disorder恋物症Transvestic Disorder扮异性症Other Specified Paraphilic DisorderUnspecified Paraphilic DisorderOther Mental DisordersMedication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other AdverseEffects of MedicationOther Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinicai Attention。

相关文档
最新文档