科技文本翻译

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科技英语阅读段落翻译

科技英语阅读段落翻译

Space explorationRobots will not only help us on this world. But will also help us explore other worlds. In fact, space exploration is one of the most promising usages for robots. Since these machines are not so susceptible to the elements that could hurt or kill people. Robots can withstand radiation, heat, cold and can function without an atmosphere. Also robots have a much longer life span. So voyages to other solar systems as well as other planets would be possible. Robots could communicate with us and if something went wrong and destroyed, the space vehicle and a machine would be lost, not a human being.机器人用于空间探索机器人不仅会在这个星球上帮助我们,而且还将帮助我们探索别的星球。

实际上,空间探索就是机器人最有前途的用途之一,知识因为机器人对于机器人会使人伤亡的自然环境和条件不很敏感。

机器人能经受得住辐射,耐热又耐寒,而且能在没有大气的环境中的工作。

此外,机器人的使用寿命长得多。

因此不但可飞往别的行星,而且可飞往别的星系。

机器人可跟我们进行通信联络,要是有什么东西除了毛病,而损坏了宇宙飞行器的话,失去的是机器人而不是人。

经典翻译范文之科技篇中英文对照

经典翻译范文之科技篇中英文对照

中国热门科技词汇科学发展观concept of scientific development全民科学文化素质scientific and cultural qualities of the entire people 发展科技scientific and technological advancement科教兴国revitalize China through science and education 农业技术agricultural technology[扩展]白色农业 white agriculture (microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture)超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice技术下乡spreading the application of science and technology in rural areas节水农业water-saving agriculture立体农业3-D agriculture农产品加工及转化the processing and commercialization of agro-products 农业科技agro-science农作物良种seeds of high-quality crop农作物新品种选育the selection and breeding of new crops 生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture无土栽培soil -less cultivationBP机,传呼beeper, pager背投屏幕rear projection screen不明飞行物unidentified flying object (UFO)操作系统operating system产品科技含量technological element of a product创新innovation电话会议teleconference电话留言机answering machine对讲机talkie and walkie多媒体multimedia二期the second phase防抱死系统ABS (anti-lock braking system)孵化器incubator高产优质high yield and high quality高技术产业化apply high technology to production高科技板块high-tech sector高科技园high-tech park个人数字助理PDA (personal digital assistant)工业园区industrial park国家质量技术监督局the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision 国家重点实验室national key laboratories火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)计算机中央处理器central processing unit(CPU)技术产权technology property right技术交底confide a technological secret to someone.技术密集产品technology-intensive product交叉学科interdisciplinary branch of science科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces科技含量technology content科技基础设施science and technology infrastructure科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive for ce科技体制改革reform of the science and technology management system科技与经济脱节science and technology are out of line from the economy科教兴国rejuvenate the country through science and education可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development纳米nanometer三峡水利枢纽工程the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River物种起源origin of species新兴学科new branch of science研究成果research results在孵企业incubated enterprises自动取款机automatic teller machine (ATM)自然科学与社会科学的交叉融合integration of natural and social sciencesIT 信息技术[扩展]信息港info port信息高地information highland信息高速公路information superhighway信息革命information revolution信息含量information content信息化informationization信息技术处理ITA - Information Technology Agreement 信息检索information retri办公自动化OA (Office Automation)笔记本电脑laptop / notebook / portable computer 电脑病毒computer virus电脑犯罪computer crime电子管理e-management电子货币e-currency电子商务e-business; e-commerce电子商务认证e-business certification电子邮件E-mail非对称数字用户环路ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop)高速宽带互联网high-speed broadband networks公告板BBS (bulletin board system)光盘杂志CD-ROM magazine广域网WAN (wide area net word)汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software黑客hacker计算机2000年问题Y2K problem计算机辅助教育CAI -computer assisted instruction计算机辅助设计CAD-computer assisted design计算机合成制造CAM-computer assisted manufacturing计算机中央处理器CPU - central processing unit超文本传送协议hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)界面interface金融电子化computerized financial services局域网LAN - local area network互联网服务提供商ISP (Internet Service Provider)全球移动通信系统(全球通)global system for mobile communications (GSM)刻录机CD burner宽带接入broadband access宽带网broadband networks内联网、局域网(计算机)Intranet垃圾邮件junk mail千年问题、千年虫millennium bug; Y2K bug 人工智能AI - artificial intelligence人机交互human - computer interaction人机交互human-computer interaction虚拟人visual human虚拟网virtual net虚拟网virtual net虚拟现实virtual reality虚拟银行virtual bank因特网服务提供商ISP- internet service provider万维网World Wide Web(WWW)应用软件internet applications域名domain在线on line掌上电脑palm computer政府上网工程Government Online Project只读存储器read-only-memory (ROM)智能感知技术perceptive technology智能终端intelligent terminal中文信息处理系统Chinese information processing system数码科技digital technology高保真Hi-Fi (High Fidelity)高清晰度电视high definition TV (HDTV)光谷optical valley光通讯optical communication蓝光光盘Blue -ray Disc数码港cyber port数字地球digital globe数字蜂窝移动通信digital cellular mobile telecommunications三维电影three-dimensional movie三维动画three-dimensional animation[详析] “蓝光光盘”利用蓝色的激光束来刻录数据。

科技文本翻译

科技文本翻译

普通科技文体
普通科技文体主要包括两个方面:科普文章 (popular science article)及技术文本(technical document).其语场是传播科技知识,描写生产 过程,说明产品的使用方法等.语旨是内行对外 行(scientist-to-layperson writing).语式是采用自 然语言,用词生动,句法简易,文风活泼,多用 修辞格. 无论是科普文章或是技术文本都有较强的劝导性 (persuasiveness),所以普通科技文体常以简洁的 语言,生动的方式把信息传递给受众.
普通科技文体与专用科技文体
Food is digested as it passes along the long tube which begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. The process of digestion begins in the mouth where the food is crushed by the teeth and made wet by the juices in the mouth. After it is swallowed, it passes down the gullet, a tube having muscles and going to the stomach. Food is digested as it passes along the alimentary canal. The process of digestion begins in the mouth where the food is chewed and moistened by the saliva. After being swallowed, it passes down the gullet, a muscular tube leading to the stomach. 通过对比,发现词汇和句法上的差异是明显的.专用科技 文体用术语表达,普通科技文体常用解释性的文字表示.

浅谈科技文本的翻译方法

浅谈科技文本的翻译方法

浅谈科技文本的翻译方法摘要随着科学技术日新月异,国际交流日益频繁,科技英语的翻译也因此而逐渐发展起来。

为了更好地实现科技英语翻译的交际功能,科技文本适用的翻译方法也是当今科技翻译工作者研究和关注的焦点。

本文针对科技文本的翻译方法与技巧进行探讨,旨在提高翻译质量。

关键词科技文本;翻译方法;专业术语;句子翻译首先靠考虑的就是语篇风格,科技文本的翻译与文学类等其他文体翻译相比,有其自己的独特性[1]。

第一,科技文本的主要目的是传授知识、为人们提供新的科技内容,所以不像文学作品那样重在生动的描写或多用表现文采的修辞手法,而是着重把握文体的科学性、逻辑性和客观性。

科技文本用语不讲究华丽,但内容必须表达精准,要体现科技文体科学严谨的特性;第二,从语用学的角度来看,科技文本重点在于准确表达内容,无须带有任何主观成分,以客观的表达方式叙述事实和真理,以显示其科学性。

科技文体不存在夸张夸大的语句,更不存在华丽的辞藻,表达方式大多平铺直叙、逻辑性强。

因此,科技文本的翻译也必须按照一定的原则进行,一要准确,就是理解和表达科技内容、科技术语、语言形式、逻辑关系、符号公式、图表数字等要准确无误,要忠实于原文;二要简洁,就是用词、造句、行文要简洁明了,精炼通顺;三要规范,就是语言、文字、术语、简称、符号、公式、语体、计量单位等都要规范统一,符合国家和国际标准。

这三条翻译标准是密切联系的,在翻译实践中应同时兼顾,根据具体情况灵活运用。

必须要把握好原语文本的语篇风格才能保证科技文本翻译之后的客观性和真实性。

确定科技文本翻译的整体风格后,接下来要考虑的是句子的翻译。

科技文体中,作者常用的几种句子结构包括被动语态、名词化结构、第三人称和一般现在时等。

由于英汉两种语言的巨大差异,使得科技文体的这些特征在翻译时都无法保留或无须保留,必须保留的是其中的语法意义和所传达的信息。

因此,句法作为语言的外壳有时可以舍弃。

比如被动语态在汉语中不常用,翻译时应尽量使译文符合汉语的表达习惯,转换成主动语态。

科技文本翻译

科技文本翻译

科技文本翻译Technology has evolved rapidly in recent years, and this has had a profound impact on our daily lives. From smartphones to smart homes, technology has become increasingly integrated into every aspect of our lives. In this article, we will explore the challenges and opportunities presented by this technological revolution.One of the biggest challenges we face is the ever-increasing amount of data being generated. Every day, we create massive amounts of data through our online activities, social media posts, and interactions with smart devices. This data can be extremely valuable for businesses and organizations, as it can provide insights into consumer behavior and preferences. However, managing and analyzing such large volumes of data is no easy task. This has given rise to the field of big data analytics, which involves using advanced algorithms and techniques to extract meaningful information from huge data sets. By harnessing the power of big data, businesses can gain a competitive edge and make more informed decisions.Another challenge we face is the rapid pace of technological advancements. New technologies are being developed and introduced at an unprecedented rate. This constant stream of innovations presents both opportunities and challenges. On one hand, it allows us to improve our productivity and efficiency, and develop new products and services that can greatly improve our lives. On the other hand, it also requires us to constantly adapt and learn new skills in order to keep up with the changing technological landscape. Lifelong learning has become more important than ever, as we need to continuously update ourknowledge and skills to stay relevant in the job market.The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) is another significant development in the field of technology. AI refers to the ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as language translation, image recognition, and decision-making. AI has the potential to revolutionize many industries, from healthcare to transportation to finance. However, it also raises concerns about job displacement and ethics. As machines become more capable of performing complex tasks, there is a fear that many jobs will become automated, leading to unemployment. Additionally, there are ethical questions surrounding AI, such as privacy and security concerns, as well as the potential for bias in decision-making algorithms.Despite these challenges, the technological revolution also presents immense opportunities. For example, advancements in renewable energy technologies can help us transition to a more sustainable future and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. The Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to the network of interconnected devices and objects, has the potential to greatly improve our quality of life by enabling us to remotely control and monitor our homes, cars, and appliances. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are also opening up new possibilities in fields like gaming, entertainment, and education.In conclusion, the rapid advancement of technology has brought about many challenges, from managing big data to keeping pace with new innovations. However, it also presents numerous opportunities for improving our lives and solving global issues. Aswe navigate this technological revolution, it is important to strike a balance between embracing the benefits of technology and addressing the potential risks and concerns it brings. Only by doing so can we fully harness the power of technology to create a better future for all.。

科技文本翻译

科技文本翻译

• 在英译汉过程中,应考虑汉语句法的特点 ,对长句进行有效的切分,使得意思明晰 地传达;而在汉译英过程中,应注意汉语 小句的合并,以符合英语句法的要求以及 逻辑的严密性。
• 例如: • 中国已成功地发射了第一颗实验通信卫星 。这颗卫星是由三级火箭推动的,一直运 转正常。它标志着我国在发展运载工具和 电子技术方面进入了一个新阶段。
• 石油埋藏于地层深处。因此,仅仅靠研究 地层表面,无法确定有无石油,必须对地 下的岩石结构进行地质勘测。如果确定了 某一区域的岩石蕴藏着石油,就在此安装 钻机。
注意
• 被动语态的大量使用是科技英语最为显著 的特征。据统计,科技英语中有三分之一 以上的动词为被动语态形式。 • 汉语科技文本中用被动语态表达的句子为 数不多,而科技英语中被动语态使用广泛 。
译例分析
• 产品能值是加工产品所消耗的总能量,它 由加工过程中所用的能源、原材料、劳动 力以及能源和原材料的运输提供的能值组 成。 • 能值:energy value
注意
• 科技汉语的词汇含义相对单一且规定,而 科技英语的词汇内涵较大,常有一词多义 的情形。
词汇特点
• 派生词:由加前缀、后缀构成的词出现频 率很高。 • 缩写词:使用经济、简便。 • 名词化现象:由动词或形容词转化而来的 抽象名词的运用一方面可以表达抽象的逻 辑性与概念化,同时又能满足科技文体追 求表达的简练、客观以及浓缩的要求。 • 例如:
• 通用科技词汇:指不同专业都要经常使用 的词汇,但在不同的专业中却有不同的含 义。它们用法灵活,搭配形式多样,使用 范围广。例如: • Transmission: • 发射、播送(无线电工程学) ; “ 传动、变 速” (机械学); “透射”(物理学);“ 遗传”(医学)

科技文本的英译

科技文本的英译

科技文本:科学专著、科学论文、实验报告、工程技术说明、科技文献、科普文献等•一、科技文本的特点与英译原则•(1)特点:用词严谨、准确,行文规范,逻辑严密,注重客观性,一般不带个人感情色彩。

已经从ESP中形成一个分支:EST.•(2)英译原则:• a.用词多样化,专业术语多,使用缩略语•purely technical words:•nuclear physics: proton(质子), neutron(中子), electron(电子), reactor(核反应堆), radioactivity(放射性).•semi-technical words:•fastener(建筑扣件), carrier(车床底座), gear switch(齿轮开关), clamp(夹钳), spade(铁铲).•non-technical words:•vapourate, minimize, reciprocate(报酬)科技文本缩略语的翻译:•(1)首字母缩写(acronym)•PC:Personal Computer•IDDD:International direct distance dialiry•DNA:dexoxybonucleic acid•DOS:Disc operation system•CPU:Central processing unit•Telecom:telecommunication•(2)拼凑法•Sicom:situation comedy Biorhythm:Biological rhythm Comsat:communication satellite Minicom:miniature computer •Psywar:psychological war Telecon:telephone conferenceb.语法特点:多用一般现在时;c.名词化现象,注意转换(汉语-动态语言,英语-静态语言)•eg.The house is under construction.•(The house is being constructed.)•例句:中国已经成功地发射了第一课实验通讯卫星。

《科技文本的翻译》课件

《科技文本的翻译》课件

科技文本的翻译难点
1 专业术语的翻译
科技文本中常包含大量复杂的专业术语,正确翻译是确保准确传达信息的关键。
2 技术描述的翻译
科技文本中的技术描述需要准确表达细节,同时保持专业性和易读性。
3 行文结构的翻译
科技文本的结构通常紧密且复杂,翻译时需保持文档整体的逻辑和连贯性。
科技文本翻译的技巧
1
了解专业知识
2 经典翻译案例分析
分析成功的科技文本翻译案例,探讨背后的策略和技巧,帮助提升翻译水平。
总结
科技文本翻译的意义
科技文本翻译促进不同国家 和文化之间的交流与合作, 推动科技进步和知识传播。
科技文本翻译的挑战
科技文本翻译面临术语复杂 性、专业要求和文化差异等 挑战,需要高水平的翻译能 力。
继续学习的途径
深入研究科技领域的背景知识,理解专业术语和技术概念,有助于准确翻译。
2
使用科技词典和术语表
利用科技词典和术语表作为翻译工具,确保术语一致性和正确使用。
3
选择恰当的文体
根据文本的目的和受众选择合适的语言风格,确保翻译准确且易理解。
科技文本翻译的实例
1 翻译科技文本时面临的问题
科技文本中可能存在语言障碍、文化差异和特定领域的挑战,需要综合运用翻译技巧解 决。
科技文本的翻译
科技文本的翻译是一项重要且复杂的任务,本课件将为您介绍科技文本的定 义、翻译难点、翻译技巧以及实例分析,帮助您更好地理解和应对科技文本 翻译的挑战。
什么是科技文本
科技文本的定义
科技文本是指涉及科学和技术领域的书籍、论文Байду номын сангаас报告等文字资料。
科技文本的种类
科技文本包括科学论文、专利文件、技术说明书、编程代码等多种形式。
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科技文本翻译
一、文本概说




科技文本分为专门科技文本与通俗科技文本,专门科技文 本包括专著、论文集科学报告等,而通俗科技文本则主要 指一些普及型的科技读物。 按其具体体现的形式,又可细分为:科技著述、科技论文、 科技报告、实验报告和方案;各类科技情报和文字资料; 科技使用手册,包括对仪器、机械、工具等地描述和操作 规程;有关科技文体的会谈、会议、交谈;相关的音频、 视频资料。 科技英语(EST)泛指一切论及或谈及科技的书面语和口 头语。 科技英语是伴随专业英语(ESP)的出现而萌生的,并已 发展为一种重要的英语语体。

英语科技文章在词汇方面的另一特征是使用大量 派生词,包括动词和形容词的名词化,即在动词 后加词缀-ation、-ment、-ence、-al、-sion等构成 名词,在形容词尾加-ability、-ty等构成名词。派 生名词的使用可以有效简化叙事层次和结构,减 少从句的使用频率,从而使科技英语的行文更加 直接、精炼。汉语以动词占优势,可以以动词连 用表达动作概念,英语以名词占优势,尤其是科 技文章,因此在翻译中不管是英译汉还是汉译英 都应注意顺应译入语特点。

Electric energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy is termed capacitance. It is measured in farads.

石油埋藏于地底深处。因此,仅对地层表面进行 研究是无法确定有无石油的。要想找到石油就必 须勘探地下的岩石结构。一旦确认某一区域的岩 石内蕴藏着石油,便需安装钻机。钻机的主要部 分是机架,用以撑起一节一节的钢管,让其通到 钻机打出的井孔中去。钻井的同时向下通入钢管, 以防止井孔周围的土层塌陷。一旦出油,就须严 密封死钢管上端管口,石油便从各个阀门流出。




与名词化密切相关而在英汉科技翻译中又比较重要的问题 是名词连用。所谓名词连用是指名词中心词前可以有一些 不变形态的名词,它们是中心词的前置修饰语。名词连用 可以有效地简化语言结构。 illumination intensity determination: determination of the intensity of illumination照明强度测定 power transmission relay system: a relay system for power transmission送电中继系统 Breast cancer survey program evaluation: an evaluation of the survey program with regard to breast cancer乳腺癌普查计划实施总结

电路被绝缘材料隔断了,所以电流不再继续流动。 Current will not flow continuously, since the circuits are broken by the insulating material. 已经证明这一理论是站不住脚的。 It is demonstrated that the theory is groundless. 人们确信,所有物质的分子都在不停运动。 The molecules of all matters are believed to be moving always/ceaselessly.
二、语言特点



作为一种独立的文体形式,科技英语有其自身的特点,如 叙述客观、严谨周密、概念准确、逻辑性强、行文精炼、 句式严整等,不强调语言表达的艺术美。 1.词汇特点(lexical features) 专业术语的大量使用,排斥多义性,即一个术语在某个学 科中一般只能具有唯一意义。(多义势必造成歧义,从而 引起概念混乱,论点模糊) 有时,同一词语在不同学科中甚至是概念截然不同的术语, 如seed在植物学中意为“种子”,而在体育科学中则为 “种子选手”;transmission在无线电工程学中意为“发射、 播送”,在机械学中意为“传动、变速”,在物理学中为 “透射”,在医学中为“遗传”。

用磅或吨作单位来测量力比较方便。 It is more convenient to measure forces in pounds or tons. 人们普遍认为陆地动物是由海洋动物进化而来。 Land animals are generally believed to have developed from sea animals.

Computer programming teaching device manual: a manual for the teaching device of computer programming计算机编程教学装置手册 3-feet glass manhole door: a manhole door in glass with 3-feet in length三英 尺长玻璃人孔门




英语科技文章倾向于大量使用动词的非谓语式/非 限定式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分 词。这些非谓语形式在句中可以做主语、宾语、 表语、定于或状语。汉译英时应该注意。 用这种方法做实验,设备会有一些损失。 The doing of experiment by this method will entail some loss of equipment. 燃烧在纯氧中比在空气中快得多。 Burning takes place much faster in pure oxygen than in air.

电能可储存在由绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。 这样的装置称为电容器,其储存电能的能力称为 电容。电容的测量单位为法拉。

As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a studyof the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks of a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. If oil is struck, a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.


科学术语来源: 1.赋予已有词语新意义,如memory,mouse,prompt (提示符); 2.从拉丁语或希腊语吸收而来,通常词义狭窄,不易混淆, 如atmosphere,autograph(亲笔签nia(肺炎)。据统计, 普通英语词汇中46%来源于拉丁语,7.2%来源于希腊语, 而科技英语词汇中这些比率更高; 3.新造词语,如allergy(过敏),hormone(激素), reboot(重启)。

Despite the long-standing availability of effective antibiotics, particularly penicilin, pneumococcal disease continues to take a heavy death toll, particularly among people suffering from other chronic diseases.



日渐衰老和濒于死亡的恒星:aging and dying stars 尚待核对的数据:data to be checked 已调制电压:modulated voltage 引起混乱的信号:confusing signals


限定动词: It was the province of geoscientists alone. It is a source of growing interest for chemists and zoologists as well. 过去,这只是地球科学家们的研究领域。现在,它也渐渐 让化学家和动物学家产生兴趣。

尽管有效地抗菌素特别是青霉素应用已久,但肺 炎球菌病仍然造成大量死亡,患有慢性病的人尤 甚。




The researchers found a 12 percent reduction in the patients’ blood cholesterol from a level of 349 milligrams per 100 milliters of blood. 研究人员发现,病人血液中的胆固醇含量从每100 毫升血液349毫克的水平下降了12%。 The transfer of information from one part of the computer to another depends on the electric current being conducted over wires. 信息从计算机的一个部分传输到另一部分,依赖 于电线中传导的电流。
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