With的复合结构
With的复合结构
She lives in the room with
她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。
the light
burning.
一、With复合结构的构成
2.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 不ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ式（to do）,动词不定式表示目的，
或将发生而未发生的事。(动作尚未发生）
eg: The Human Genome Project, launched in 1990 with a mission to decode the
我没有事可做，只好睡觉。
一、With复合结构的构成
3.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 形容词（adj.）
eg:
She lay in bed with her face pale.
她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
He used to sleep with all the windows open.
With的复合结构
5.表示结果
eg:
The battle ended with the enemy defeated. 战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。 They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached. 他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。
With的复合结构
With的复合结构
With的复合结构有以下5种表现形式，即: 1.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 分词 (过去分词（done）／现在分词 （doing）)； 2.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 不定式（to do）； 3.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 形容词（adj.）； 4.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 副词（adv.）； 5.with + 名词（n.）/ 代词（pron.） + 介词短语（prep. phrase）。 With的复合结构在句子中可作定语或状语。
with复合结构的常见形式
with复合结构的常见形式1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。
The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. (那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。
)2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。
3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。
The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。
4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。
He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。
5. “with+名词/代词+done”。
在此结合中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。
With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。
6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。
此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。
7. “with+宾语+to do”。
此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。
So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。
现在分词作状语表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
with 的复合结构和独立主格
1 With 的复合结构（with+ 复合宾语）with+ 复合宾语结构常作原因状语、伴随状语、定语等。
With + 名词/代词+名词With + 名词/代词+形容词With + 名词/代词+副词With + 名词/代词+介词短语With + 名词/代词+不定式（to do/ to be done 表示动作将要做 , 若句中主语发出动作，用to do , 若句中主语不发出这一动作，则用to be done With + 名词/代词+现在分词 (doing/ being done 表示动作与谓语动词同时进行，若是with 后的名词/代词发出动作，即所谓的主动，则用doing ; 若是被动，则用being done )With + 名词/代词+过去分词 (动作已结束，动词与前面名词/代词的关系是被动)He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.She used to sleep with the windows open.She used to sleep with the light on.She came in, with a book in her hand.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With the boy leading us, we soon found the house.With the house being painted, we can’t move in.With everything I needed bought, I left the shop.2 独立主格结构一般来说，我们把With 复合结构中的with 去掉，就成了独立主格结构了。
如： She slept, the windows open.The prisoner stood there, his hands raised. ( 可以这样理解：hand 是被举起的，表示被动和完成)Time permitting, We ‘ll go for a picnic.(time和permit 是主动关系)She came in, book in hand. (注: book 和hand 之前不加任何代词或冠词，这与with 复合结构不同)还有不同的是，独立主格中出现了beingIt being a fine day, we decided to go swimming.There being no bus, I had to go home on foot.这两句话中的being 是由动词be 变来的，可以这样想：独立主格也是状语，所以不能使用谓语动词。
with的复合结构的用法
I had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做，只好睡觉。
4. with+宾语+ 介词短语 The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着本书。
战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。
They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.
Exercise:
1.With the boy _l_e_a_d_in_g____the way，we found he house easily. (lead)
• 3. 表示时间
• The children began to watch TV with the homework done.
• 孩子们完成作业以后开始看电 视。
• The meeting was over with the problem settled.
• 问题解决以后，会议结束了。
4. 表示条件
with复合结构
一、with复合结构: “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语” 此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，
常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置 定语。 二、 with复合结构的构成 1. with+宾语+adj.（adj.表状态）
He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。
（小男孩已领过路） 2.With the boy _t_o_l_e_a_d_______the way，we
With的复合结构
4 with + 名词/代词 +不定式 Eg: With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领 路) With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. 因为有很多工作要做，我没时 间度假。 With many new words to remember, she will stay up tonight. 由于要记很多生词，她今 晚打算熬夜。 注：用不定式这一结构时，表示得是将要发生的事情。 5 with + 名词/代词 +V-ing Eg: With the little boy leading the way, we found the house easily. 因为有小男孩带路， 我们很容易就找到了那个房子。 With nobody watching TV, I switched off it. 由于没人看电视，我就把电视关了。 I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。 With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。 She lives in the room with the light burning.她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。
9.________two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004年北京卷) A. B. Besides √ With C. As for D. Because of 10. It was a pity that the great writer died________ his work unfinished. (2004年福建卷) A. for B. C. from D. of √ with
With的复合结构
⑦ With the new term to begin soon, we’ll be very busy again.
一、“with复合结构”的构成
with + 宾语 -ing 主动、进行 v-ed 被动、完成 to do 将要发生
2. with + 宾语 + 形容词 With the door and windows open wide, the room was very cold.
门窗大开，屋内很冷。
With her parents dead, the girl had to left school. 她父母死了，那女孩只好辍学。
除此以外，“with复合结构”还有其否定 形式，即“without + 宾语 + 补足语” The house caught a big fire last night, without anything left in it. = The house caught a big fire last night, with nothing left in it. They finished the work without anyone helping them. = They finished the work with no one helping them.
用with复合结构完成下列句子
1）With ____________________ a lot of work to do (有很多工作 要做), I couldn't go to see the doctor. with her head bent (bend) 2）She sat ________________
With的复合结构超全
3.with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着书走进来。
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes. 那女孩眼泪汪汪地抬起头。
4.with + 宾语 + 名词 They set up a football team, with Tom their head. 他们建立了一支足球队，汤姆当队长。 With a native our guide, we needn't be afraid to get lost. 有本地人当向导，我们不必担心会迷路。
5.with + 宾语 + 现在分词 （主谓关系） With summer coming, the weather is becoming hotter and hotter. 随着夏天的到来，天气越来越热。 With the teacher standing beside， she felt a bit uneasy . 老师站在旁边，她觉得有点不自然。
“with复合结构”，即
“with + 宾语 + 补足语”，
在英语中，特别是在书面语中是一个很 常用的结构，它既可以充当状语，又可 以充当定语。由于“with复合结构”在 逻辑上是一个主谓关系完整的结构，因 而，它也可以用相应的从句或分句代替。
一、“with复合结构”的构成
with + 宾语 +
形容词 副词 名词 介词短语 v-ing 主动、进行 v-ed 被动、完成 to do 将要发生
1.with + 宾语 + 副词 The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on. 所有的灯都亮时，广场显得更加美丽。 With his parents away, Tom becomes more naughty.
高中英语with 的复合结构
1)He sat there thinking, with his chin__o_n__（prep.在..上）
his hand．
open
2)He stared at his friend with his mouth wide_____(adj.
张开)
3) With production __u_p__（adv.上升）by 60％, the company has had another excellent year .
5) with + n. + adj When he is eating, he doesn’t speak with his mouth full of food.
6) With + n. + adv. He went to bed with the light on.
Exercises:
1.填空
6. With 10 minutes__t_o__g(ogo), you’d better hurry．
7. With so many problems _to__s_o_lv(esolve), the newlyelected president is going to have a hard time.
4)She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child p_l_a_y_in_g(play)beside her．
5.
“I think we can leave Eriksson said．
with
our
heads
_h_e_ld__(hold)high,”
The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.
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With的复合结构
介词with without +宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构，上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。
1. with+名词代词+形容词
He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open.
= He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are open.
He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.
= He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet.
With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study.
2. with+名词代词+副词
Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on.
= Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are on.
The boy was walking, with his father ahead.
= The boy was walking and his father was ahead.
3. with+名词代词+介词短语
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.
He stood at the door, computer in hand.
= He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand.
Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth.
Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth.
= Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth.
4. with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式
With his homework done, Peter went out to play.
= When his homework was done, Peter went out to play.
With the signal given, the train started.
= After the signal was given, the train started.
I wouldn’t dare go home without the job finished.
= I wouldn’t dare go home because the job was not finish ed.
5. with+名词代词+动词的-ing形式
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.
= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it was.
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.
= When no one was noticing, he slipped through the window.
6. with+名词代词+动词不定式
The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to do.
= The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to do.
with the window closed
with the light on
with a book in her hand
with a cat lying in her arms
with the problem solved
with the new term to begin。