句子按其结构可分为简单句
简单句并列句复合句

句子结构和成分句子分类句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句;考点1. 简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语;如:He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.画线部分为并列谓语,只有一个主语,仍为简单句;改错:It not only costs little money but also comfortable.考点2. 并列句改错:①. He likes English, his English is very good. ×②. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. ×当一个句子中含有两个简单句时,就要考虑两个简单句的连接问题了;直接用逗号连接两个简单句是错误的;这时我们可以用and, but, or等并列连词来连接这两个句子;也可以用分号;来连接;此时,这两个简单句此时也可称作分句之间是并列关系,不能说一个分句作了另一个分句的什么成分;用并列连词或分号连接起来的句子是并列句;上两句可以改为:①. He likes English;his English is very good. 用分号连接②. He likes English, so/and his English is very good.③. His wife was ill; he had to stay at home. 用分号连接④. His wife was ill, so/and he had to stay at home.考点3. 复合句A.用从属连词连接的句子是复合句;还先看上面的两个错句:①. He likes English, his English is very good. ×②. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. ×我们还可以用从属连词来连接;这两句话可改为:①. Because he likes English, his English is very good.②. When he likes English, his English is very good.③. Because his wife was ill, he had to stay at home.④. When his wife was ill, he had to stay at home.先看第一个句子;当用because连接时,译为“因为他喜欢英语,所以他的英语非常好”;主要说的是“他的英语非常好”,“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的原因;因此:“his English is very good”是主句,“because he likes English”是原因状语从句;当用when连接时,译为“当他喜欢英语时,他的英语非常好”; 主要说的是“他的英语非常好”,“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的时间;因此,“his English is very good”是主句,“when he likes English”是时间状语从句;同理,句②修改后,前面分别为原因状语从句和时间状语从句,后面是主句;像上面这样,用从属连词连接两个简单句之后,一个句子是主要的主句,另外一个句子从句是说明主要句子发生的时间、原因、条件等,这样构成的句子称为复合句;B.当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时,整个句子就成为复合句了;从词或词组升级后的句子是从句,除从句以外的是主句,整个句子是复合句;①T he boy over there is my brother. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;②T he boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.③当over there变为 who is wearing a hat时,句子就含有两个主谓结构,一个是The boyis my brother,是主句;who is wearing a hat是the boy的定语,称为定语从句;who 既作从句成分,又起着从属连词的作用;④I was doing my homework at six. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;⑤I was doing my homework when he came in.⑥I was doing my homework是一个主谓结构,he came in也是一个主谓结构;后面一个主谓结构作前一个的时间状语,是时间状语从句;因此本句是复合句,when是从属连词;⑦It is wrong. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;⑧What he said is wrong.⑨what he said,是一个主谓结构;What he said is wrong. 是另外一个主谓结构,What hesaid作主语, is wrong系表结构作谓语,因此,本句是复合句;What he said是主语从句;what既作从句成分又起着从属连词的作用从上面这几个句子,我们可以看出:C.一个句子如果含有从句,如名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等,这个句子就是复合句;练习1. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句;1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3.There is a chair in this room, isn’t there4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come backhome at seven in the evening.5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.11.Right now it is the summer vacation and I’m helping my Dad on the farm.12.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawnuntil dark.13.Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors.14.We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colderthey grow wheat.15.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him.考点4. 引导的是什么从句,不仅要根据连词,还要根据句子结构和句意来判别练习2. 说出下列复合句中,where引导的是什么从句;1.You can find it where you left it.2.Tell me the address where he lives.3.I don’t know where he comes from.4.Where he was born is not known yet.5.This place is where they once lived.考点5. 一个句子有两个主谓结构时,要考虑它们之间的连接问题直接用逗号连接的两个简单句是错误的;一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构,那它就不是简单句了,要么是并列句,要么是复合句;这时我们就要考虑连接词的问题;这时,我们有三种方法来改正这个错句:A.改为并列句:我们可以使用and, so, but等并列连词来把它们连接起来;或者把逗号改为分号;B.改为复合句:加上从属连词,把其中的一个分句改为状语从句、定语从句或名词性从句;C.改为简单句:把其中的一个主谓结构的谓语破坏掉,从而使其变成独立主格结构;I like English, my English is very good. ×可以改为:并列句:I like English and my English is very good.I like English, so my English is very good.I like English; my English is very good.复合句:As/Because I like English, my English is very good.含有原因状语从句的复合句When I like English, my English is very good.含有时间状语从句的复合句简单句:I liking English, my English is very good.把一个分句改为独立主格结构再如:I have a house, its windows are very big. ×可以改为:并列句:I have a house and/but its windows are very big.I have a house; its windows are very big.复合句:I have a house, whose windows are very big.含有定语从句的复合句考点6. 两个分句一般只用一个连词用了“因为because, as, since等”不用“所以so”;用了“虽然although, though”不用“但是but”;改错:Because I like English, so I am good at it.Although he is not intelligent, but he does well in all his subjects.I.单句改错A.注意分句连接1.2014新课标Ⅰ Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place yearafter year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.2.2005天津As she gave it to me, when the phone rang and she went to answer it.3.2006全国ⅠThey did not want breakfast because that they were going out earlyin the morning.4.2004全国ⅡBut I have spent most my money, so I cannot even go out of town. 不要受心理定势影响5.2013 辽宁With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning tillnight.6.2013 新课标ⅠHe had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our smalltown, he was strong and powerful.7.2009陕西Some friends of his go to see him everyday, they take him lots of goodbooks and fresh fruit.8.My name is Zhang Hong, and 20 years old.B.注意并列成分9.2014大纲卷The understanding between two friends means both of them have similarideas and trusting each other.10.2014新课标ⅡWe can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listeningto music.11.2005湖北In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good.12.2009重庆However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because eachhas a delicious taste and good for health.13.I didn’t communicate with others in English and not willing to practiceit either.14.2012全国大纲ⅠFor example, how many times have you walked out of a roomand leave the lights or television on when no one else was there15.16.17.2008浙江I headed for the company, feeling sure I would easily finish 300envelops in five hours and to earn the money.18.2015课标ⅡA woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. II.语法填空每空至多填三词由高考真题中改错题改编19.2004天津At weekends, we would play basketball, ______游泳 in the pool orgo for a picnic.20.21.2004全国ⅡI am thinking of making a trip to London, and ______visittheBritish Museum and some parks.22.2004湖南Then, I put my book under my desk, ______ open it and startedlooking for the answers.23.2004福建She stopped to look out of the window and ______ find a cloud ofsmoke coming out of her neighbor’s house.24.2005浙江At first I was not quite willing to sit down and ______ 观看 the90-minute football match.25.2011浙江I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy playingwith the toy or ______ 面对 my cousin again.答案:第1讲简单句、并列句和复合句练习1. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句;1.简单句;2.复合句, The boy is called Tom是一个主谓结构,who offered me his seat也是一个主谓结构,为定语从句,作前一个主谓结构中主语the boy 的定语;3.简单句,反义疑问句;4.简单句,my brother and I 是并列主语,后面go to school和come back为并列谓语,因此也只有一个主谓结构;5.并列句;6.含有时间状语从句的复合句;7.并列句;8.复合句,what he said也是一个主谓结构,名词性从句作主语;9.简单句,只有一个主谓结构;10.简单句,前面为并列主语;11.and连接的并列句;12.由so连接的并列句;13.简单句;14.but连接前后为并列句,但后面又是一个含有定语从句的复合句;15.含有让步状语从句的复合句;练习2. 说出下列复合句中,where引导的是什么从句;1.地点状语从句2.定语从句3.宾语从句4.主语从句5.表语从句练习3. 利用英语句子结构规律做下列各题;1. D2. D3. D4. C5. B6. B7. D8. D1.but去掉或者改为yet;两个简单句用一个连词连接就行,用了“虽然”,不用“但是”,yet可以作副词;2.去掉when;the telephone rang应为主句;3.去掉that;because本身就是连词,不能再用that;4.在my前加of;But是在意思上与前面连接,因此后面用so是正确的;5.去掉so;前面with的复合结构不是一个分句,因此整个句子还是简单句,所以后面不必用连词;6.后句的he前加and;which引导的是定语从句,其前后的两个句子构成了并列句,要有并列连词连接;7.they前加and;两个简单句直接用逗号连接是错误的;8.and后加I’m;20 years old的主语不是My name;9.t rusting改为trust;trust和have是并列的;10.sat改为sit;sit和lie构成并列谓语;11.feel改为feeling;feeling good和strong是并列的,都是作keep的补语;keep 后跟现在分词作补语;12.good前加is;后句中each是主语,has a delicious taste是第一个谓语,is goodfor health是第二个谓语;13.在not前加were;willing是形容词,前面加be才能作谓语;14.leave改为left;left和walked是并列的;15.去to;earn和finish是并列的,所以要用动词原形;16.telling改为told; told和saw是并列关系;17.swim;play, swim和go是并列关系;18.visiting;visiting和making是并列的,都是thinking of的宾语;19.opened;put, opened和started是并列谓语;20.found;found和stopped是并列的;21.watch;watch和sit是并列的;22.face;face和enjoy是并列的;23.Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teaching me howto be a good person.24.I particularly enjoy sitting beside you and listening to you tell stories.25.In the past, we had to sit at our desks in silence and pay attention towhat the teachers were saying.26.I still remember getting up early that day and feeling anxious about thenew world.27.I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and giving lessonsto lovely boys and girls.。
汉语句子结构有哪几种

汉语句子结构有哪几种汉语句子结构是语文学习中的一个重要部分,它是关于表达思想和情感的一种的基本方式。
在汉语语法中,句子的结构种类较多,我们可以将其分为简单句、并列句、复合句、完整主谓结构等等。
本篇文章将详细探讨各类句子结构,并列举三个例子。
一、简单句简单句是指由一个独立的谓语及其表示主语的名词、代词、数词等所组成的完整语句。
这种结构常常用于表达简单易懂的事实,情况和观点等等。
简单句一般可以分为主谓结构、主谓宾结构和主系表结构三种。
①主谓结构即主语和谓语构成的句子。
例如“小明在做作业”。
②主谓宾结构即主语、谓语和宾语共同构成的句子。
例如“小美吃了一顿大餐”。
③主系表结构即主语、系动词和表语构成的句子。
例如“他很高兴”。
并列句是指有两个或两个以上的简单句并列构成的句子。
并列句的句子之间的关系为平行关系。
并列句的主要作用是列举、并列、对比等等。
常见的并列句结构有五种:①并列单句:即两个或多个简单句并列而成的句子。
例如:“他学习很努力,但成绩不是很好。
”②并列双句:即两个并列的复合句。
例如:“他回家的时候天已经黑了,他只好打车回家。
”③并列分句:即两个以上并列的分句所构成的句子。
例如:“我正在吃饭,他却已经吃完了。
”④隐性并列:即在句子中省略了某些词语,形成的句子。
例如:“她不止是一个演员,还是个歌手。
”⑤递进并列:即前后两个简单句,后面的句子表达的是前面句子的递进关系。
例如:“她的母亲不久前刚刚去世,她没有拜访她母亲最后一次去世的家人。
”复合句是指由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子结构。
从句在复合句中起到修饰主句的作用,或是充当主句的某个成分。
常见的复合句结构有七种:①主从复合句即一个主句和一个从句构成的复合句。
例如:“他问我是否去过那里。
”②并列从句复合句即两个以上并列从句所构成的复合句。
例如:“说起老友,我就想到了他;他生日的时候,我必须去祝贺一番。
”③名词性从句复合句即由一个名词性从句和一个主句所构成的复合句。
(Ss)句子成分,结构,基本句型,错误分析

句子成分,句子结构,基本句型,错误分析*句子成分学习英语写作,首先要掌握英语句子的基本结构,而要掌握句子的基本结构,必须从句子成分入手。
句子成分指的是句子的各个组成成分。
在英语中,一个典型的句子,其基本成分可以分为主语部分和谓语部分。
主语部分可以包括句子的主语及其限定成分,如定语;谓语部分中最基本也是最重要的成分是谓语动词,其他次要成分有表语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语和同位语。
*句子结构分类英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句,现分述如下:§1.简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)的句子称为简单句(simple sentence)。
例如:Successful learners are learners with a purpose.§2.并列句两个或两个以上的简单句用等立连词(或用分号“;”、冒号“:”、逗号“,”等)连在一起构成的句子叫并列句(compound sentence)。
常用的等立连词有:and(和),so(因此,所以),not only...but also(不仅...而且),neither...nor(既不...也不),or(或者,否则),otherwise(否则),either...or (不是...就是),but(但是),yet(然而),still(仍然),however(然而),while(而),whereas (而,反过来),for(因为,由于)等。
例如:Hurry up or you may be late for the meeting.The light was red, so I had to stop my car.§3.复合句有一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的句子结构叫复合句(complex sentence),也叫主从复合句。
从句有关联词(connective)引导,关联词将从句与主句联系在一起。
句子结构+七大句子成分+简单句六大类型+四种句子类型高考英语语法复习

句子结构句子的概念句子是最高级的语法单位,也是人们表达思想进行交际的基本语言单位。
句子有两个特征:一、句子能在交际中单独使用;二、句子能够表达相对完整的意思,并在一定的上下文或者语境中发挥一定的交际作用。
在句型结构中,对句子起支撑作用的主要是谓语动词或是系表结构,对动词的固定搭配的提炼与掌握即是对句型套路的掌握。
从英文的句子成分我们可以看出,一个句子的核心部分是主语和谓语。
相比之下,主语部分在构成方面就简单一些。
因为无论是名词、代词或是相当于名词或者代词的词组、短语、从句等来充当主语,只需整体上的更换,而谓语部分的构成则取决于动词本身的需要一-—有的动词(如不及物动词)可独立担当谓语,有的(如及物动词)带一个宾语,或带两个宾语,或带上复合宾语等。
句子分类1.句子按其结构可以分为三类:简单句、并列句、复合句(1)简单句:只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
例如:I have a beautiful dress.我有一件漂亮的礼服。
(2)并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
两个简单句是平行并列的关系,由连接词连接。
例如:I can jump high,but I can't jumpfar.我能跳得高,但跳得不远。
I like dancing, and I like singing,too.我喜欢跳舞,也喜欢唱歌。
(3)复合句:包含两个或两个以上的分句,分句之间的关系是主从关系,只有一个分句处于主要地位,叫主句,其他分句都附属于主句,叫从句,从句由从属连词引导。
例如:I need buy some food,because I will have a picnic tomorrow.我要买些食物,因为明天我要去野餐。
2.根据句子的用途分类:可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句(1)陈述句:用来陈述一个事实或一种看法,结尾用句号。
分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。
例如:I cooked fish yesterday.昨天我做了鱼。
句子按结构的分类

C-句子种类知识梳理句子种类按照结构,英语中的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句简单句只包含一个主谓结构,并且句子的各个成分都是由单词或短语组成,不包含任何从句。
在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。
简单句有五种基本句型:1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)The new term begins. 新学期开始了。
2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语The girl is learning to play the piano. 这个女孩在学弹钢琴。
We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。
3.主语+连系动词+表语Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。
The story sounds interesting.(这个故事听起来很有趣。
)He feels sick. His face turns white.(他感到不舒服,他的脸色变苍白了。
)4.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
5. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补语We all believed you honest. 我们都认为你是诚实的。
二、并列句(简单句+并列连词+简单句)并列句由两个或多个并列而又独立的简单句构成。
其中的各个简单句同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,能够独立成句。
并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
它们之间要用并列连词连接。
常见的并列连词有and,but,or等。
并列句可分为四种:1.表示联合/并列关系用连词或逗号、分号连接构成并列句。
常用连词有:and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...Susan not only runs fast, but also jumps high. 苏姗不但跑得快,而且跳得高。
I can neither swim nor skate. 我既不会游泳,也不会滑冰。
英语句型讲解

英语句型讲解一、句子的种类句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1. 简单句:只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
例如:She is smiling.2. 并列句:包含两个或更多主谓结构的句子,由并列连词连结。
例如:I like music, but she loves dance.3. 复合句:包含一个主谓结构,和一个或多个从句,从句由从属连词引导。
例如:I know the person who lives next door.二、句子的成分一个完整的句子通常包含主语、谓语、宾语、状语等成分。
1. 主语:句子中的主要人物或事物,是动作的执行者。
例如:The cat is playing with a ball. (主语是“cat”)2. 谓语:描述主语的动作或状态。
例如:The cat is playing. (谓语是“is playing”)3. 宾语:动作的承受者。
例如:I love reading books. (宾语是“reading books”)4. 状语:用于修饰动词、形容词或副词,表示时间、地点、方式等。
例如:She sings beautifully. (状语是“beautifully”)三、句型转换1. 肯定句与否定句的转换:在否定句中,通常使用否定词“not”或“no”,有时也使用“never”、“hardly”等否定意义的副词或形容词。
例如:She is not a student. (否定句)2. 陈述句与疑问句的转换:疑问句分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。
一般疑问句通常以“do”、“does”、“did”等助动词开头,特殊疑问句则以疑问词开头。
例如:Do you like music? (一般疑问句)3. 主动语态与被动语态的转换:被动语态的结构通常是“be + 过去分词”,其中“be”可以是“am”、“is”、“are”、“was”、“were”。
例如:The book was written by him. (被动语态)4. 倒装句型:将句子中的谓语提前到主语之前,称为倒装句型。
句子结构

冠词: 冠词:a, an, the a/an 修饰可数名词单数 修饰可数名词 可数名词单数 the : 修饰名词 表示 “特指”, 修饰名词,表示 特指” 名词: 名词 person, people 可数名词: 单数, 可数名词 单数 复数 不可数名词: 不可数名词: money, information furniture, equipment, 代词: 代词 人称代词: 主格: I we you he, she they 人称代词 主格 宾格: me us you him her them 宾格 物主代词: 形容词性: 物主代词 形容词性 my, our your his her their 名词性: 名词性 mine ours yours his hers theirs 反身代词: 反身代词 myself ourselves, yourself yourselves himself herself themselves 指示代词: 指示代词 This these that those such so the same
谓语动词(以 为例): 有时态、 谓语动词 以study为例 : 有时态、语态的变化 为例 时态: 时态: 主动语态 一般现在时: 一般现在时:study/ studies 一般时 一般过去时: 一般过去时: studied 一般将来时: 一般将来时:will/shall study… 进行时
be studying
A police car stopped in front of a big store.
主 + 谓语 (Vi ) 主+谓语
Two policemen got out of the car. Suddenly, a man rushed out of the store.
英语句子按照结构种类

按其用途可分为四类:陈述句,疑问句,祈使句和感叹句。
We don’t usually stay late.Why doesn’t he phone me?Please come here on time.What an opportunity!英语句子按照结构可以分为三类:简单句,并列句和复合句。
一、简单句定义:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫做简单句。
例如:Alice studied hard.Li Ming and Zhang Hua work in the same factory.Both Tony and Jim go to school at seven in the morning, have lunch there and come back at five in the afternoon简单句的7种结构1 主语+谓语Her father works in Nanjing.Spring has come.2. 主语+系表结构He is a teacher.Trees are green.She became angry at his words.The man seems kind.3.主语+谓语+宾语He found a bird in the tree.My sister enjoys the song.He forgot to post the letter.Mary denied taking the pen.4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语He gave his sister a piano.She wrote him a long letter.The worker told us a lot about his life in the past.Would you tell me where to get the ticket?5 主语+谓语+主语补足语/宾语补足语He died young.He came back sick.The dog is called Xiaohu.I found him busy.They consider Jim a good student.补语:补足主语和宾语意义的句子成分,主补常位于主语之前或谓语之后。
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句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句:
基本形式:简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。
其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:
1.主语+谓语:
这种句型简称为主谓结构
例:Things change.事物是变化的。
Nobody went.没有人去。
Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?
2.主语+连系动词+表语:
这种句型称为主系表结构,
例:Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。
She became a lawyer.她当了律师。
3.主语+谓语+宾语:
这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,
例:We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语:
这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,
例:He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。
I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补:
这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语
,
例:I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。
(形容词easy作补语)I'll let him go.我将让他去。
(不定式go用作补语)。